Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Bodies, Saracen Giants, and the Medieval Romance: Transgression, Difference, and Assimilation explore le traitement des corps de trois géants Sarasins dans les romances de Roland and Vernagu (c. 1330), Sir Beues of Hamtoun (c. 1330), et The Taill of Rauf Coilyear (c. 1513-42).Grâce à une étude de la représentation de ces trois géants Sarasin, la signification du corps humain au Moyen Age, et des pratiques de la Chrétienté an accord avec les discours et idéologies envers le Proche-Orient qui existaient dans l’Occident médiéval, ce mémoire de maîtrise juxtapose le géant Sarasin et le héros de la romance pour indiquer une similarité apparente entre leur deux corps et leur religion respective. La romance démontre avec hésitation un désir d’assimiler le géants Sarasin dans le code héroïque ainsi que dans la religion chrétienne, mais souvent rejette avec suspicion le corps du géant par sa mort sur le champ de bataille. Malgré sa mort ou son assimilation dans le code héroïque et la Chrétienté, le corps du géant Sarasin demeure toujours important dans le contexte de la Romance, puisqu’il contribue à la construction de l’identité du héros, de sa foi, et de sa société. / Bodies, Saracen Giants, and the Medieval Romance: Transgression, Difference, and Assimilation explores the treatment of the bodies of three Saracen giants in the romances of Roland and Vernagu (c. 1330), Sir Beues of Hamtoun (c. 1330), and The Taill of Rauf Coilyear (c. 1513-42). Through a study of the characterization of the three Saracen giants, the significance of the human body in the Middle Ages, and the practices of Christianity in accordance with the discourses and ideologies regarding the near East that existed in the medieval West, this thesis addresses how and why the romance constructs the giant as a physical marker of excess, deviance and evil. Using theories and criticisms of subjectivity and embodiment, this thesis juxtaposes the Saracen giant with the romance hero to underline an obvious similarity between the two bodies and their respective religions. The romance hesitantly demonstrates a desire to assimilate Saracen giants into the heroic code as well as the Christian religion, but it often distrustfully chooses to remove the giant body through its death in battle. Regardless of its death or assimilation into the heroic code and Christianity, the Saracen giant's body forever remains meaningful for the romance, as it always contributes to the construction of the romance hero's identity, faith and society.

Au cours du 20e siècle, la musique s'est affirmée comme un objet pertinent pour les géographies francophones et anglophones. Bien que ce constat s'accompagne aujourd'hui de publications nombreuses et variées, le sujet continue d'étonner à l'intérieur même de la discipline. Ce travail explore les causes d'un tel blocage. L'hypothèse suppose que l'affirmation de la musique comme objet géographique est responsable du paradoxe constaté. Si cette idée se vérifie lorsque la justification élaborée par les music geographers est à la source d'une forme d'inertie, elle montre surtout que l'enfermement d'un objet dans un sous-courant porte atteinte à sa liberté de circulation intradisciplinaire. Affirmer la pertinence du sujet sans pour autant restreindre l'objet à une sous-discipline implique alors la généralisation disciplinaire de la musique, puis sa pluridisciplinarisation. En guise de terrain, le flamenco illustre la complexité géographique d'un phénomène musical. La flamencologie historique s'est construite sur des oppositions et des incertitudes, principalement parce qu'elle a cherché à spécifier les caractéristiques de son objet. En travaillant le flamenco dans tous ses espaces, lieux et territoires, nous voyons qu'il fait converger divers points de vue, dans la tension ou dans la continuité. L'analyse des relations interspatiales permet de mieux saisir l'objet dans l'espace géographique. Ainsi, ses différentes dimensions (socioculturelle, économique et politique principalement) peuvent être réunies pour aborder les principes d'une action flamenca.

Fur (Ferric Uptake Regulator) est un régulateur transcriptionnel spécifique des bactéries qui intervient dans le contrôle de l'homéostasie du fer, ce qui en fait une cible antibactérienne intéressante. Avant mon arrivée au laboratoire, quatre inhibiteurs interagissant spécifiquement avec Fur avaient été isolés. La partie active de ces inhibiteurs consiste en des peptides de 13 acides aminés. Au cours de cette thèse, j'ai utilisé une double-approche : théorique et expérimentale pour étudier l'interaction de ces peptides avec Fur afin de comprendre le mécanisme d'inhibition. J'ai synthétisé plusieurs séquences peptidiques, montré par des tests biochimiques que certaines inhibaient Fur et déterminé les interactions importantes à l'activité inhibitrice. J'ai obtenu des modèles théoriques des complexes Fur/peptides par amarrage moléculaire, cohérents avec les résultats expérimentaux, qui ont mis en évidence une zone d'inhibition de Fur. Des criblages in silico dans cette zone ont permis de sélectionner de petites molécules, inhibitrices potentielles de Fur et donc intéressantes pour des applications thérapeutiques.

Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) has one of the highest antioxidant capacities and flavonoid concentrations of any fruit or vegetable, and regular consumption of blueberries has been connected to a wide range of health benefits. A diversity of flavonoids (flavonols, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins) are likely responsible for many of the health benefits, and these compounds also significantly contribute to the organoleptic properties of ripe blueberries. Despite the potential importance of these flavonoids in diet, there has been little investigation into the molecular genetics of blueberry flavonoid biosynthesis. Therefore, I developed a real-time quantitative PCR protocol to monitor expression of flavonoid genes throughout development and ripening. Following evaluation of five reference genes, expression profiling of biosynthetic genes revealed that flavonoid synthesis is tightly controlled at the transcriptional level in a biphasic developmental pattern. These results are discussed in relation to flavonoid metabolite accumulation profiles, which were produced as part of a collaboration. Finally, in conjunction with a second group of collaborating scientists, some promising preliminary evidence is provided suggesting that the hormone abscisic acid might have a role in regulating ripening initiation in blueberry. / Graduate

El período que comprende el último cuarto del siglo XX es una época de profundos cambios en las relaciones entre los regímenes comunistas de Pekín y Pyongyang. La llegada de Deng Xiaoping al poder en 1978 y su política reformista en China alteraron de manera sustancial la naturaleza de sus relaciones con Corea del Norte. En esta tesis se ha analizado el período 1978-1997, conocido en China como los años de Deng, de las relaciones sino-norcoreanas tanto desde el punto de vista de la relación bilateral como de la relación en el contexto internacional y en especial de Asia del Nordeste.En el primero de los casos, la relación entre los dos aliados se vio afectada negativamente por una nueva política exterior de Pekín, más pragmática y menos ideológica que la maoísta. Asimismo, la escasa adaptación de una Corea del Norte poco proclive a aceptar los cambios de los años ochenta y noventa llevó a un enfriamiento cada vez mayor entre los dos países aunque jamás hasta el punto de oficializarse una ruptura. En el segundo caso, un contexto internacional cada vez más desfavorable para Pyongyang y los cambios en la escena mundial con el final del conflicto sino-soviético y de la Guerra Fría tuvieron sus repercusiones en la relación entre chinos y norcoreanos, obligando a estos últimos a adaptarse a nueva relación con los primeros donde Pekín pudo por fin desarrollar una política hacia Corea verdaderamente independiente, pese a las tensiones ocasionadas por Pyongyang.A partir del análisis de este período fundamental en la historia de las relaciones sino-norcoreanas, hemos podido concluir que China pasó a estar en una posición de fuerza en sus relaciones con Corea del Norte a partir de finales de los ochenta y que ello repercutió en su política hacia la península coreana. Dejando de lado al mismo tiempo su solidaridad ideológica y apostando claramente por la defensa de sus intereses nacionales, Pekín impulsó una nueva política hacia Corea a partir de los años noventa, cuya importancia radica en el hecho de que sigue siendo en la práctica la política china hacia este país en la actualidad aunque adaptándose a las circunstancias de hoy. Y como único aliado de Corea del Norte, China tiene mucho que decir en la resolución del último conflicto de la Guerra Fría que todavía queda por solucionar. / "Relations between China and North Korea during the Deng Xiaoping Era (1978-1997)"The thesis focuses on the main changes that took place in the relationship between the People's Republic of China and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in the last quarter of the Twentieth Century.My motivation to have chosen this subject of research stems from the fact that there isn't a lot of research done about the relationship between Beijing and Pyongyang. The period 1978-1997 changed the nature of this relationship, with the national interests becoming the most important aspect of it, instead of ideological solidarity or historical links with the Korean Peninsula. But there is another important aspect: the Deng Xiaoping era inaugurated a new policy towards Korea, known as "Two-Korea policy", that is the current policy of Beijing.The Korean issue remains the last conflict originated by the Cold War that has not been resolved yet. And the role of China, the only ally of North Korea, is crucial for the resolution of this conflict.

S'analitzen en aquesta tesi les relacions entre Xina i Filipines entre 1565 i 1593, amb una atenció especial al protagonisme que van jugar en aquest període el jesuita Alonso Sanchez y el primer bisbe de Manila, Domingo de Salazar. Es contextualitzen aquestes relacions en el marc de les pautes de relació exterior de la Xina Ming i en el conjunt de la inserció asiática de les Filipines espanyoles del segle XVI. També es contextualitzen en el marc de les disputes entre ordes religioses i en el marc de l'entrada del jesuitas Mateo Ricci i Michele Ruggieri a Xina. S'hi destaca la importància de la relació Macau-Manila. La tesi edita i anota una sèrie de documents en xinès, castellà i portuguès que permeten verificar i concretar tot el procés de relació i els projectes espanyols de conquesta de Xina, que van arribar a presentar-se a la cort de Felip II.Se analizan en esta tesis las relaciones entre China y Filipinas entre 1565 y 1593, con una atención especial al protagonismo que jugaron en este periodo el jesuita Alonso Sanchez y el primer obispo de Manila, Domingo de Salazar. Se contextualizan estas relaciones en el marco de las pautas de relación exterior de la China Ming y en el conjunto de la inserción asiática de las Filipinas españolas del siglo XVI. También se contextualizan en el marco de las disputas entre órdenes religiosas y en el marco de l'entrada del jesuitas Mateo Ricci y Michele Ruggieri en China. S'destaca la importancia de la relación Macau-Manila. La tesis edita y anota una serie de documentos en chino, castellano y portugués que permiten verificar y concretar todo el proceso de relación y los proyectos españoles de conquista de China, que llegaron a presentarse a la corte de Felip II.

[Truncated abstract] Lophopyrum elongatum, a wild relative of wheat, can be used as a source of novel genes for improving the salt tolerance of bread wheat. Na+ `exclusion? is a major physiological mechanism for salt tolerance in the wheat L. elongatum amphiploid, and a large proportion (~50%) of the improved Na+ `exclusion? is contributed by a gene(s) on chromosome 3E. This study integrated physiological analysis with comparative genomics to identify gene orthologues that may regulate Na+ transport, and designed and implemented molecular markers for developing wheat L. elongatum recombinant lines with reduced portions of L. elongatum chromatin retaining the Na+ `exclusion? trait. Physiological analysis of leaf Na+ accumulation in wheat L. elongatum substitution lines confirmed that the 3E chromosome contributes a major effect on reduced leaf Na+ accumulation in wheat when grown at 200 mM NaCl. Candidate genes from the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, controlling Na+ transport into and from cells (SOS1, HKT1) or compartmentalisation within vacuoles (NHX1, NHX5, AVP1, AVP2) were targeted for comparative analysis in wheat. Wheat gene orthologues were identified by BLAST searching to identify either FL-cDNAs or ESTs, which were subsequently used to amplify genomic DNA, and orthologues confirmed by similar intron-exon structure between Arabidopsis and rice. Intron-exon comparisons showed the majority of exons were conserved between Arabidopsis, rice and wheat, but also indicated exon shuffling events since divergence from a common ancestor. Gene orthologues were assigned to homoeologous chromosomes and non-syntenic regions between wheat and L. elongatum, with the SOS1 orthologue located on group 3 chromosomes in wheat and L. elongatum. ... The recombinant line 524-568 contains a small introgression on the distal end of the long arm of wheat chromosome 3A and represents the most desirable line presently available for further germplasm development. The main outcomes of this thesis have been an increased understanding of the physiology and evolution of orthologues for Na+ transport in wheat and L. elongatum, improved methodologies for designing alien-specific PCR markers, and the development of overlapping recombinant lines that provide a source of novel genes for pyramiding into wheat and improving its tolerance to salt stress.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HugoFM_DISSERT.pdf: 1847783 bytes, checksum: 58d9312a629dabdd3fe4b15c8dc44101 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-26 / The Exception Handling (EH) is a widely used mechanism for building robust systems. In Software Product Line (SPL) context it is not different. As EH mechanisms are embedded in most of mainstream programming languages (like Java, C# and C++), we can find exception signalers and handlers spread over code assets associated to common and variable SPL features. When exception signalers and handlers are added to an SPL in an unplanned way, one of the possible consequences is the generation of faulty family instances (i.e., instances on which common or variable features signal exceptions that are mistakenly caught inside the system). In this context, some questions arise: How exceptions flow between the optional and alternative features an LPS? Aiming at providing answers to these questions, this master thesis conducted an exploratory study, based on code inspection and static analysis code, whose goal was to categorize the main ways which exceptions flow in LPSs. To support the study, we developed an static analysis tool called PLEA (Product Line Exception Analyzer) that calculates the exceptional flows of LPSs, and categorize these flows according to the features associated with handlers and signalers. Preliminary results showed that some types of exceptional flows have more potential to yield failures in exceptional behavior of SLPs / O mecanismo de tratamento de exce??es ? amplamente utilizado para a constru??o de sistemas robustos. No contexto de Linhas de Produto de Software (LPSs) n?o ? diferente. Uma vez que mecanismos de tratamento de exce??es est?o embutidos nas principais linguagens de programa??o da atualidade (como Java, C# e C++), podemos encontrar sinalizadores e tratadores de exce??es espalhados entre os artefatos de c?digo associados a caracter?sticas (do ingl?s: features) opcionais e obrigat?rias de uma LPS. Quando tratadores ou sinalizadores de exce??es s?o adicionados a uma LPS de forma n?o planejada, uma das poss?veis conseq??ncias ? a gera??o de produtos falhos (i.e., produtos em que exce??es lan?adas por features vari?veis ou obrigat?rias s?o erroneamente tratadas). Neste contexto, surge a pergunta: Quais as consequ?ncias de se usar o mecanismo de tratamento de exce??es em LPSs? Com o objetivo de responder a esta pergunta, este trabalho conduz um estudo explorat?rio, baseado em inspe??o de c?digo e an?lise est?tica de c?digo, cujo objetivo foi caracterizar as principais formas em que exce??es fluem em LPSs. Para apoiar a realiza??o deste estudo desenvolvemos a PLEA (Product Line Exception Analyzer), uma ferramenta baseada em analise est?tica de c?digo que calcula os fluxos excepcionais de uma LPS e os classifica de acordo com as features associadas aos seus tratadores e sinalizadores. Resultados preliminares mostraram que alguns tipos de fluxos excepcionais tem mais potencial para originarem falhas no comportamento excepcional das LPSs

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LaurianaMC.pdf: 1879462 bytes, checksum: deb097f100adaf7f2fcf3d998acf9e8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-08 / This is an analytic research of a qualitative nature whose purpose is to examine the learning process involving students of the Nursing Program of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte UFRN who are attending the Supervised Clerkship in Nursing (SCN) in Family Health Strategy (FHS), based on learning through daily living. In order to do this, a historical overview of this academic activity in the teaching of nursing was presented, and the importance of FHS as the scene where professional health education takes place was discussed. For the empirical investigation, ten eighth-semester students involved in clerkship activities at family health units in the Western Sanitary District of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, were interviewed. The theoretical approach relied, as epistemological presupposition, on the ideas of educator Humberto Maturana who showed that learning, both in nature and among human beings, takes place within dialogic living relationships wherein acceptance of the other, affectivity (love) and dialoguing are essential stimuli to learning. Students discourses gradually became part of the analytic categories that had been established beforehand. There has been verified that the students went through meaningful learning encouraged by all who shared the living environment, that is: nurse/instructor, teacher/supervisor, family health staff, and the community. Several feelings were involved in the process, such as joy, satisfaction, self-reliance, affectivity and, in the opposite direction, sadness, indignation, a feeling of impotence, and fear. The learning of interpersonal relationship was describe as the most relevant of the academic experiences and, therefore, thus emphasizing the relevance of affectivity to the learning process as Maturana points out. It is suggested that the teaching of nursing keep on giving priority to family health units as the Basic Care educational scene, with attention to the importance of placing the students in welcoming environments, in such a way as to encourage learning / Trata-se de uma pesquisa anal?tica de cunho qualitativo, com o objetivo de analisar o processo de aprendizagem de estudantes do Curso de Enfermagem da UFRN em Est?gio Curricular Supervisionado (ECS) na Estrat?gia de Sa?de da Fam?lia (ESF), tendo como fio condutor a aprendizagem na conviv?ncia. Para isto, foi apresentado um resgate hist?rico desta atividade acad?mica no ensino de enfermagem, assim como foi discutida a relev?ncia da ESF como cen?rio da forma??o profissional em sa?de. Para a investiga??o emp?rica, foram entrevistados dez estudantes do oitavo per?odo do curso, que estagiavam em unidades de sa?de da fam?lia do Distrito Sanit?rio Oeste de Natal/RN. O aporte referencial teve como pressuposto epistemol?gico as id?ias do educador Humberto Maturana, o qual demonstrou que a aprendizagem na natureza e tamb?m entre seres humanos acontece dentro das rela??es dial?gicas de conviv?ncia, nas quais ? essencial a aceita??o do outro, a afetividade (o amor) e o di?logo, como est?mulos ? aprendizagem. As falas dos estudantes foram sendo incorporadas ?s categorias anal?ticas, definidas ? priori. Ficou demonstrado que o estudante vivenciou uma aprendizagem significativa, estimulada por todos aqueles que compartilharam da conviv?ncia, a saber: enfermeiro/preceptor, docente/supervisor, equipe de sa?de da fam?lia e comunidade. Neste processo, foram comuns v?rios sentimentos, como a alegria, a satisfa??o, a autoconfian?a, a afetividade, assim como, em um sentido oposto, a tristeza, a indigna??o, a sensa??o de impot?ncia e o medo. O aprendizado do relacionamento interpessoal foi apresentado como o mais relevante da experi?ncia acad?mica, dando conta, portanto, da import?ncia da afetividade no processo de aprendizagem, conforme assinala Maturana. Recomenda-se que o ensino de enfermagem continue priorizando as unidades de sa?de da fam?lia como cen?rio educativo na Aten??o B?sica, observando-se a import?ncia de inserir os estudantes em ambientes acolhedores, de forma que a aprendizagem possa ser estimulada