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Portrayal of the Green New Deal Discourse in PolandWernicka, Wiktoria Maria January 2022 (has links)
Poland is known for its hesitant attitude towards the Green New Deal. Such approach is often expressed in the political discourse of the governing party, Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. Despite approval of the European Green Deal, Polish action plans for energy transition are not ambitious. A significant part of Polish society, characterized by low environmental awareness, opposes decarbonization. This paper examines factors limiting and enabling a Green New Deal in Poland as seen through the perspective of Polish media discourse. Content analysis was applied to identify the frequency of aspects mentioned in national newspapers supporting or hindering the agenda of a Polish Green New Deal. The study is focused on media coverage of the ecological crisis, the European Union effect, neo-pluralist mobilization, or green conversion prospects, as factors potentially enabling a Green New Deal in Poland. It concentrates on media coverage related to the Soviet legacy, dependency on dirty energy, and the domestic power of energy firms and corporatist links between the ruling party and state- owned companies, and Euroscepticism, as prospective factors disenabling a Green New Deal in Poland. The findings raise a question if the promotion of universal environmental and energy standards is possible given countries’ differences in economic profile and level of development.
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Watt’s the big deal? : European Green Deal’s impact onelectrification research in the automobileindustryRyttegård, Saga, Schulz, Lewin January 2023 (has links)
The attitude towards sustainability has vastly changed in the last few years.The European Green Deal(EGD) is a European law package that addresses the climate crisis and aims to transform businesseswithin the European Union towards more sustainable models. The automobile industry especially is atarget of transformation with the decarbonization efforts mandated by the Green Deal. As such, onewould expect a drastic change of how business is done around the time the Green Deal was passedand the years following it. This thesis has analyzed the annual reports of four large automobile firmsusing qualitative coding within the European Union from 2018 to 2022 in order to evaluate how thelaw package has influenced electrification research. This thesis used theoretical concepts such asinstitutional theory, theories about uncertainty and theories about innovation to analyze the results.Results indicated that while the Green Deal’s ambitions and targets are being set into motion, firmsmight not consider it as their guiding hand while moving towards sustainability. While theirconfidence levels in the EGD vary, there is plenty of opportunity for the EU to increase innovation atthis critical point in time through partnerships and infrastructural support.
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EU Food Production and Climate Policy : An analysis of the Farm to Fork StrategyHåkansson, Elias January 2022 (has links)
This paper analyses the EU’s European Green Deal and the changes to Food production it seeks to implement in its Farm to Fork Strategy, introduced in 2019. Attempting to establish whether or not it will enable them to succeed in meeting their goal of a 55% reduction of Green House Gas Emissions by 2030. The analysis on the EU’s food production system is done using a theory which looks at the production efficiency, the shift of diets and the reduction of food waste that the strategy seeks to implement. Arguing that specific shifts in these categories must be made if the EU’s climate goals are to be met. This is then compared to the actual policies implemented in the Farm to Fork Strategy. The thesis concludes that, while the EU succeeds in its food waste preventions as well as some aspects of its production efficiency, it is lacking in its strategy regarding shifting diets and that, in order to meet its climate goals, substantial shifts will need to be made in this category.
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From Climate to Consumer and Market: The EU's Approach to Greenwashing : A Discourse Analysis of the Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition Directive.Bylund, Karin January 2024 (has links)
This thesis uses Fairclough’s three-dimensional model for critical discourse analysis to investigate the newly ratified EU directive Empowering the Consumers for a Green Transition (ECGT). By using the fundamental philosophical assumptions of discourse analysis, framing theory, and active audience theory, the thesis investigates how the notions of greenwashing and consumers are discursively constructed in the directive. As well as how solutions to combating greenwashing are discursively constructed. The thesis finds that greenwashing is mainly constructed as a communication-related phenomenon using misleading explicit claims in corporate and organizational communication. Furthermore, greenwashing is constituted as a misleading communication and unfair market practice rather than being related to environmental aspects. When it comes to consumers, they are attributed a key role in driving the green transition of the EU region. However, as an audience, they also lack empowerment due to their lack of inability to assess environmental claims in media texts critically. Moreover, the proposed solutions and strategies for combating greenwashing should be implemented so that it does not affect the current market mechanism. While greenwashing communication should be prohibited according to the directive, the document does not address how identified negative consumption patterns should be altered. However, the directive leaves out several greenwashing communication strategies currently being used on the market. Leaving a potential loophole for latent and more sophisticated greenwashing practices to continue. Thus implicating the EU’s explicit goal to achieve a green transition and the reduction of misleading communication practices related to the environment in the region.
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Exploring the Harmonization of Climate Policies in the EU : The Case of Germany / Eine Untersuchung der Harmonisierung der Klimapolitik innerhalb der EU : Deutschland als FallstudieRamthun, Matthias January 2023 (has links)
One thing the European Union and Germany have in common is their self-imposed role as forerunners in the field of climate policy. Therefore, this thesis explores whether this may be all the two have in common in this area, or whether they are pursuing the same objectives. For this purpose, a framework based on the theory of differentiated integration has been created to examine the extent to which German climate targets harmonize with those defined by the EU. Over a period from 2009 until the acceptance of the European Green Deal in 2020, I conclude that the German climate policy along its climate targets is, with minor exceptions, increasingly harmonized with the EU guidelines.
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Reviewing the Non-Financial Reporting Directive : An analysis de lege lata and de lege ferenda concerning sustainability reporting obligations for undertakings in the EUBjörklund, Jacqueline January 2021 (has links)
The Non-Financial Reporting Directive (“NFRD”),[1]is an important contributor to the European Union’s (EU) goal of creating a more sustainable future for all. By requiring large public-interest entities to report non-financial information relating to sustainability matters, the NFRD increases business transparency and gives stakeholders the opportunity to make more informed investment decisions, monitor corporate activities and initiate discussions based on current practices. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the NFRD as it stands today and to analyze in what way the NFRD has the potential to improve by chiefly using the legal dogmatic method. The thesis reached its completion with an appropriate timing (January 2021) as the EU has announced its ambition to revise the NFRD by the first quarter of 2021. The conclusion drawn is that the NFRD should be revised on a series of points. Most importantly, reliability of the provided information should be secured through a stronger verification mechanism. Other areas for improvement concern the enlargement of the scope of the NFRD and the implementation of further measures securing comparable data. [1]Directive 2014/95/EU.
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A Competitive Environment? : Articles 101 and 102 TFEU and the European Green DealLundgren, Lars January 2021 (has links)
Europe is facing a climate and environmental crisis. To respond to this, the European Commission has launched several programmes, which aim to increase sustainability and environmental protection. This aim has been condensed into the policy document that is the European Green Deal. The European Green Deal sets out the aim of making the Union’s economy climate neutral, while improving environmental protection and protecting biodiversity. To this end, several different sectors of the economy need to be overhauled. In EU Law, a key policy area is to protect free competition. Article 101 TFEU sets out that agreements between undertakings which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition are prohibited. Similarly, Article 102 TFEU prohibits abuse by an undertaking of a dominant position. This thesis explores what happens when competition law thus intersects with the environmental policy of the Union. The thesis identifies two main situations of interaction. Undertakings can invoke environmental protection to justify a restriction of competition. The Union may also rely on its antitrust provisions to enforce sustainability by holding unsustainable practices as restrictive agreements or abuses of dominant behaviour, respectively, and thus prohibited by the antitrust provisions. Generally, the thesis concludes that there is not enough information on how the Commission and the CJEU will approach arguments relating to sustainability in its antitrust assessment. The Commission’s consumer welfare standard appears to limit environmental integration to points where a certain factor results affects the environment or sustainability on the one hand, and consumer welfare on the other. The lack of information, moreover, is in itself an issue as undertakings may abstain from environmental action if they believe they will come under scrutiny due to violations of the antitrust provisions. Therefore, a key conclusion in the thesis is that the Commission and the CJEU should set out clear guidelines for environmental action by undertakings, in relation to the antitrust provisions. Similarly, the Commission appears to be cautious to use antitrust as a tool against unsustainable practices. The Commission has, however, recently decided to open an investigation into agreements which limit sustainability, which shows that the picture may be changing.
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Rättvis omställning av fossilintensiva industrier : En kvalitativ studie av aktörers åsikter i debatten om Cementa och Preemraff / Just transition of fossil-intensive industries : A qualitative study of actors' views on the debate concerning Cementa and PreemraffWoxlin, Ida, Johansson, Alice January 2022 (has links)
Industrisektorn står inför omfattande omställningsutmaningar i samband med dess höga klimat- och miljöpåverkan. Trots att en omställning av fossilintensiva industrier är högst nödvändig är samhället fortfarande beroende av dem på flera sätt eftersom de bidrar till viktiga samhällsfunktioner, arbetstillfällen och produkter. Omställningar är ofta omtvistade, där framför allt klimat- och miljöfördelar ställs mot ekonomiska och sociala nackdelar. Detta har skapat en debatt om hur omställningsarbetet ska genomföras på ett rättvist sätt. Rättvis omställning är ett koncept som ska minimera de negativa effekterna som omställningar kan resultera i och samtidigt maximera de positiva effekterna. Både EU och Sverige har politiska ambitioner för att underlätta genomförandet av en rättvis omställning, exempelvis genom den gröna given, fonden för rättvis omställning och nationella styrmedel. Syftet med denna studie är att utforska hur rättvis omställning speglas i debatten kring omställningen av svensk industri. Mer specifikt kommer åsikter om de två fossilintensiva industrierna Cementa och Preemraff att undersökas genom att analysera delar av mediedebatten. För att undersöka aktörernas åsikter har kvalitativa innehållsanalyser och intervjuer genomförts. Studien visar att motståndarna till industrierna framför allt lyfter argument om den negativa klimat- och miljöpåverkan som industrierna har, medan förespråkarna främst lyfter argument kopplat till negativa ekonomiska och samhällsmässiga effekter som en omställning kan innebära. Även om åsikterna går isär kring hur omställningen av fossilintensiva industrier ska genomföras på ett rättvis sätt belyser vår studie vikten av att beakta olika perspektiv i omställningar. / Deep decarbonization of fossil-intensive industries will be necessary to keep global warming well below 2°C. However, industries play an important role considering their contribution to jobs, local society, and necessary materials. Industries multifaceted advantages and disadvantages often result in infected debates considering how a just transition should be implemented. Just transition is a concept where the negative impacts a transition could result in should be minimized and simultaneously maximize the positive effects. There are political ambitions in both the EU and Sweden to facilitate a just transition, for example through the European Green Deal, the fund for a just transition and national policy instruments. The aim of this study is to explore how a just transition is framed in parts of the media debate concerning transitions of Swedish fossil-intensive industries. More specifically the study investigates the opinions about the two fossil-intensive industries, Cementa and Preemraff. This has been made possible to investigate through qualitative content analysis and interviews. The analysis shows that opponents to the industries mainly highlight the negative climate and environmental impacts while the advocates mostly highlight social and economic concerns. Even though the opinions about how a just transition of industries should be made differs, our study illustrates the importance of implementing justice in the transition process of fossil-intensive industries.
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Rättvis omställning : En narrativ studie om Norrlands industriomvandling / Just Transition : A narrative study focusing on the Industrial Transformation in NorrlandRenntun, Maja, Nord, Emma January 2022 (has links)
För att stödja regioner och industrier att minska växthusgasutsläppen och nå Europeiska unionens mål om klimatneutralitet till år 2050 har EU tagit fram färdplanen “Den gröna given” och fonden för en rättvis omställning (FRO). FRO syftar till att minska negativa socioekonomiska konsekvenser som följer av omställningen mot mindre kolintensiva processer i sårbara regioner och industrier. Två av fyra utpekade svenska regioner är Västerbotten och Norrbotten samt deras metall- respektive stålindustri. Studiens syfte är att med en narrativ analys av Västerbottens och Norrbottens territoriella omställningsplaner och semistrukturerade intervjuer undersöka hur tre policynivåer (nationell, regional och kommunal) uttrycker tolkningar av rättvis omställning. Med hjälp av en abduktiv ansats har tidigare studier fungerat som ett stöd för att identifiera rättviseanspråk (processuell, fördelning, erkännande och återställande) samt berättelser i studiens empiriska material. Studiens narrativa analys har belyst vilka aktörer det är som förväntas genomföra arbetet av omställningen och vilket utfall av vinster och förluster som kan följa. Dessutom tyder studiens berättelser att ett gemensamt arbete är viktigt för en rättvis omställning. Likaså framkommer det att den nationella politiska berättelsen präglar hur den regionala och kommunala berättelsen formas, samt vilka rättviseanspråk som dominerar. Studiens slutsatser är bland annat att återställande-rättvisa dominerar i den nationella berättelsen och att ett fokus finns på tekniska lösningar. Den regionala berättelsen använder främst processuell-rättvisa och betonar vikten av politiskt ansvarstagande. Den kommunala berättelsen använder också processuell-rättvisa men även fördelnings-rättvisa genom att uttrycka att medborgare också bör inkluderas i en rättvis omställning. / To support regions and industries in decreasing their greenhouse gas emissions and reaching the European union's goal regarding climate neutrality by 2050, the EU has presented a set of proposals named “The Green Deal” as well as the Just Transition Fund (JTF). JTF aims to limit the negative socioeconomic consequences that a transition towards less carbon intensive processes in vulnerable regions and industries could result in. Two of the four designated Swedish regions are Västerbotten and Norrbotten and their metal- and iron-industry. The study aims to, with a narrative analysis of Västerbotten’s, and Norrbotten’s Territorial Plans and semi-structured interviews, investigate how three policy levels (national, regional and local) express interpretations of Just Transition. With an abductive approach, previous studies have worked as a support in identifying justice claims (procedural, distributional, recognition, restorative) and stories within the empirical material. The study's narrative analysis has elucidated which parties that are expected to contribute to the transition and what wins and losses that the transition could result in. Furthermore, the studies stories highlight that working together is important in reaching a Just Transition. It also becomes clear that the national political story influences the regional and local policy stories, as well as which justice claims that are dominating. The study’s conclusions are, for example, that the spatial and temporal aspects of the story deepen the understanding of justice, and that recognitional justice is the least used justice claim in the study's policy stories.
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Environmental Inequalities in the AnthropoceneSchuster, Antonia 17 June 2024 (has links)
Die Dissertation beleuchtet die dringende Notwendigkeit, Maßnahmen zu ergreifen, um den Druck auf die Ressourcen der Erde zu mindern und nachhaltige Bedingungen für gegenwärtige und künftige Generationen zu schaffen. Zwei zentrale Strategien werden diskutiert: Die Dekarbonisierung von Energiesystemen und die Reduktion der Emissionen von Haushalten. Diese Strategien sind eng mit Fragen von Gerechtigkeit verbunden, sowohl im Zusammenhang mit einer gerechten Energiewende als auch in der Emissionsminderung von Haushalten.
Die Dissertation besteht aus vier Artikeln, die diese Themen vertiefen. Die erste untersucht den Kohleausstieg in europäischen Regionen und die Wahrnehmung der Energiewende durch die davon betroffenen Menschen. Die nächsten beiden untersuchen die Emissionsreduktion auf Haushaltsebene, wobei die sozialen Realitäten der Emittenten analysiert werden, um Reduktionspotenziale zu identifizieren. Die vierte Publikation bietet einen historischen Überblick über Energiekonsummuster und zeigt vergangene und bestehenden Ungleichheiten auf.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Klimakrise nur unter Berücksichtigung von Ungleichheiten und Ungerechtigkeiten verstanden und angegangen werden kann. Lösungen müssen darauf abzielen, weitere Ungerechtigkeiten zu vermeiden. Die Ergebnisse der Dissertation bieten unter anderem wertvolle Erkenntnisse für Entscheidungsträger auf verschiedenen Ebenen, um eine gerechte Transformation zu klimaneutralen Gesellschaften voranzutreiben. Es wird jedoch betont, dass weitere Forschung in diesen Bereichen, einschließlich anderer fossiler Energieträger und betroffener Regionen, sowie unterschiedlicher Lebensstile, entscheidend ist, um effektive Instrumente zur Unterstützung nachhaltiger Praktiken zu entwickeln. / The dissertation underscores the urgent need to address the strain human activities place on the Earth system, emphasizing the necessity for sustainable solutions to ensure the well-being of current and future generations. Mitigating the impacts of the climate crisis requires significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, prompting a closer examination of their sources and contributors.
Two primary strategies are proposed: decarbonizing energy systems and reducing household emissions. However, discussions surrounding these strategies often intersect with considerations of justice, highlighting the complex social dimensions of addressing climate change.
The dissertation comprises four papers that delve into these issues. The first explores the transition away from coal in European regions, assessing perceptions of justice among affected actors. The subsequent publications focus on emissions reduction at the household level, analyzing social realities and identifying potential avenues for mitigation. The final publication provides a historical perspective on energy consumption patterns, emphasizing past and contemporary societal inequalities.
Findings indicate disparities in emissions across households and individuals, necessitating urgent action to reduce per capita emissions. Moreover, sociological frameworks are employed to better understand the ecological dimensions of emissions, revealing complex relationships between social classes and environmental impact.
While efforts to combat the climate crisis must prioritize justice and equity, the dissertation also underscores the need for further research. This includes examining alternative energy sources, regions disproportionately affected by climate change, as well as diverse lifestyles. Such research will be essential for developing effective strategies to support sustainable practices and address the complex social dynamics of climate action.
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