Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-21T23:21:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 68c.pdf: 2650442 bytes, checksum: 80953fcca9a4afae310c7298ccbba34e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-21T23:21:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 68c.pdf: 2650442 bytes, checksum: 80953fcca9a4afae310c7298ccbba34e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09 / Nenhuma / Na presente tese, discutimos o cotidiano do indivíduo urbano e a trajetória das políticas públicas nas pequenas cidades do Oeste de Santa Catarina, a fim de compreender como essas políticas públicas urbanas são implantadas a partir da resistência e estratégias utilizadas pelos indivíduos na vida cotidiana. As análises bibliográficas subsidiaram o entendimento e a compreensão das relações entre políticas públicas e o cotidiano do indivíduo urbano. Com base em fontes primárias, como história oral de habitantes das cidades em estudo, observamos a vida cotidiana e as estratégias utilizadas para alcançar determinados objetivos individuais ou coletivos. Nesse aspecto, partimos do pressuposto de que o indivíduo é um ser de projetos e para alcançar determinados objetivos, cria estratégias para esse fim. A dimensão projetiva é motivacional e entre diversos fatores que a envolvem, os principais são valores, sentimentos ou até mesmo aventuras. A dicotomia entre público e privado é, por diversas vezes, manifesto em um sistema de percepções espontâneas como se fosse um contrato organizador da vida cotidiana. Assim, por meio de análises sociológicas, destacamos a dicotomia e a ambiguidade público/privado em seus múltiplos critérios de análises. Observamos que as estratégias e a resistência de sobrevivência cotidiana do indivíduo urbano e a promoção de políticas públicas é a tentativa de dar sentido à própria vida. Essa autonomia de criar e organizar estratégias para alcançar determinado fim, está em sua motivação íntima e é a própria liberdade do ser. Essa liberdade que o torna individualizante também é provocada pelo processo de globalização tecnológica, que aumenta os limites e as possibilidades do homem. Nesse cenário, as cidades estão sendo orientadas para o mercado mundial e moldadas a partir de valores culturais mundiais. Dessa forma, as pequenas cidades são colocadas nas mesmas vitrines que as médias e grandes cidades, ou seja, as políticas adotadas nas pequenas cidades são as mesmas políticas dos grandes centros urbanos. Isso demonstra que nos estudos sobre cidades, as análises dos dados das médias e grandes podem ser estendidas às pequenas cidades. Portanto, ao diferenciar pequenas e grandes cidades, é preciso observar as relações sociais e culturais no espaço vivido, bem como a interferência na racionalidade do indivíduo. Somente assim, é possível notar o desenvolvimento da cultura objetiva em relação à cultura subjetiva. / In this thesis, we discuss the daily life of the urban individual and the trajectory of public policies in the small towns of the West of Santa Catarina, to understand how these urban public policies are introduced from the resistance and strategies used by individuals in everyday life. The Literature reviews supported understanding and comprehension of the relationship between public policy and everyday life of the urban individual. Based on primary sources like oral history of the inhabitants of the cities under study, we observed the daily life and the strategies used to achieve certain individual or collective goals. In this aspect, we assume that the individual is a being of projects, and to achieve certain goals he establishes strategies for this purpose. The projective dimension is motivational and among several factors that surround it, the main ones are values, feelings, or even adventures. The dichotomy between public and private is, by several times, expressed in a system of spontaneous perceptions as if it were an organizing contract of everyday life. Thus, through sociological analysis, we highlight the public / private dichotomy and ambiguity in its multiple criteria analysis. We observed that the strategies and the daily survival resistance of the urban individual and the promotion of public policies is the attempt to give meaning to life itself. This autonomy of creating and organizing strategies to achieve a certain purpose, lies in its inner motivation and is the very freedom of being. That freedom that makes him individualizing is also caused by the process of technological globalization process, which increases the limits and possibilities of man. In this scenario, cities are being world market driven and shaped from global cultural values. Thus, small towns are placed in the same windows that medium and large cities, namely, the policies adopted in small towns are the same policies of the large urban centers. This demonstrates that in studies about cities, the statistical analysis of medium and large can be extended to small towns. Therefore, when differentiating small and large cities, it is necessary to observe the social and cultural relations in the living space as well as the interference with the individual rationality. Only then you can note the development of objective culture in relation to subjective culture.

Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-08-12T23:06:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaTeixeira.pdf: 3084836 bytes, checksum: 6ebdc885fb8fc3f9b54468303abaf6d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-12T23:06:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaTeixeira.pdf: 3084836 bytes, checksum: 6ebdc885fb8fc3f9b54468303abaf6d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Nenhuma / Os hábitos e práticas cotidianas não eram, até pouco tempo, muito valorizados na pesquisa do consumidor. Em geral, os trabalhos se voltavam às condições especiais e extraordinárias de consumo e às análises simbólicas. A importância da investigação dos aspectos mundanos reside na razão, tão óbvia quanto verdadeira, de que é no dia a dia e em situações triviais que ocorre a grande parte das nossas eleições de consumo.O café é item pertencente à cesta básica, considerada a junção mínima e obrigatória de alimentos para um cidadão adulto, sendo o produto mais consumido pelos brasileiros. A observação do consumo de café nos permite compreender de que forma um produto mundano pode se revestir de características especiais e como, ao mesmo tempo, práticas se rearticulam, modificam e reorganizam ao longo do tempo. Neste trabalho, utilizou-se um olhar sobre as micro práticas cotidianas de consumo através de entrevistas em profundidade em conjunto com a análise de desdobramentos macro sociais e estruturais que se tornou possível por meio de uma coleta em jornais de época. O objetivo foi o de capturar importantes marcos que permitissem analisar a evolução das práticas e seus desdobramentos através da utilização da Teoria da Prática. A Teoria da Prática tem sua origem entre teóricos como Bourdieu (1983) e Giddens (1984), que analisam a existência de estruturas sociais que interferem na regulação de rotinas e práticas humanas. Buscou-se, além do entendimento das práticas como a junção de três elementos: as ações, objetos e significados (ARSEL e BEAN, 2013), a compreensão destas também como “entidades em si mesmas”. (SCHATZKI et al., 2001). As práticas cotidianas costumam apresentar diferentes ritmos, que, muitas vezes, não obedecem a padrões cronológicos. Mudanças estruturais como, por exemplo, a saída das mulheres para o mercado de trabalho, podem se revelar importantes para a realocação das práticas e modificação de sua textura temporal. Os objetos ainda não conseguiram capturar o merecido interesse acadêmico, apesar de sua importância para os padrões de reprodução social. (LATOUR, 2012; SHOVE, 2007). Artefatos como o coador de pano e as cafeteiras se mostram relevantes para o desenvolvimento, manutenção e realocação das práticas de consumo. / Habits and daily practices were not, until recently, much valued in consumer research. In general, the work turned to the special and extraordinary conditions of consumption and symbolic analysis. The importance of the mundane aspects of research lies in the reason, as obvious as true , that it is in everyday life and in trivial situations occurring most of our consumer elections. Coffee, in Brazil, is item considered the junction minimum and mandatory food for an adult citizen, being the product most consumed by Brazilians. The observation of coffee consumption allows us to understand how a mundane product can be of special features and how practices modify and rearrange over time. This study used a micro analysis at everyday consumption practices through in-depth interviews in conjunction with the analysis of macro social and structural developments made possible through a research of papers. The goal was to capture important milestones on which to judge the evolution of practices and their consequences through the use of the Practice Theory. Practice Theory has its origin among theorists such as Bourdieu (1983) and Giddens (1984), who analyze the existence of social structures that interfere in the regulation of human routines and practices. We sought, beyond the understanding of practices as the junction of three elements: actions, objects and meanings (ARSEL e BEAN, 2013) as well as the understanding of these “entities in themselves." (SCHATZKI et al., 2001). Everyday practices often have different rhythms, which often do not follow chronological patterns. Structural changes such as the entrance of women into the labor market may prove important for the relocation of the practices and modifying its temporal texture. The objects have failed to capture the earned academic interest, despite its importance for patterns of social reproduction. (LATOUR, 2012; SHOVE, 2007). Artifacts such as cloth strainer and coffeemakers are relevant for the development, maintenance and relocation of consumption practices.

Esta dissertação identifica e analisa as redes pessoais de comunicação de habitantes de pequenas vilas rurais, em lugares específicos dessas vilas, tais como a praça, as igrejas, os armazéns, o posto de saúde, entre outros locais onde as pessoas se encontram. Verifica que meios de comunicação social estão presentes nas comunidades estudadas e como os habitantes se relacionam com esses meios. O estudo está focado também nos processos de afirmação da cultura local, hibridização cultural e rejeição de elementos culturais exógenos que transitam pelas redes pessoais de comunicação. A pesquisa de campo foi desenvolvida no Bairro da Bocaina, no município de Cunha, SP, Brasil, e no Anexo de Calca, Província de Tarma, no Peru, com a utilização das técnicas da pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa, com observação participante. Foram entrevistadas mulheres e algumas lideranças, no total de doze pessoas em Bocaina e onze em Calca. Em função da estrutura e características de pequenas comunidades agrícolas, que valorizam seu passado, suas tradições e seus costumes, as transformações culturais, a partir da comunicação, ocorrem de forma mais lenta do que nas sociedades urbanas, nas quais as mudanças tendem a ser constantes e aceleradas. As redes pessoais de comunicação foram estudadas com base nos conceitos dos estudos da recepção. / This work identifies and analyses the personal communication nets of inhabitants of short rural villages, in specific places of these villages, such as the square, the churches, the warehouses, the health station and other places where people meet themselves. The work verifies that social means of communication are present in the analyzed communities and how people establish relations with these means. The study is also focused in the affirmation process of the local culture, cultural hybridization and rejection of exogenous cultural elements that pass through personal communication nets. The field research was carried out in Bocaina quarter, Cunha city, SP, Brazil and in Calca, Tarma Province, Peru, with the use of techniques of exploratory and qualitative research, with participant observation. Women and some leaders were interviewed, twelve in Bocaina and eleven in Calca. Because of the structure and characteristics of short agricultural communities, that value their past, traditions and customs, the cultural transformations, from the communicational manner, occur in a slower way than in the urban societies, where changes tend to be continuous and fast. The personal communication nets were studied based in the concepts of reception studies.

O presente texto tem como principal objetivo apresentar uma investigação provocada a partir da escrita e reedição do livro 2013, da produção de um novo livro, intitulado 2015 e da preparação do material para um terceiro volume, chamado 2017. Teremos, dessa forma, a problematização de uma serialização indeterminada de publicações contaminadas pelo cotidiano e pela autobiografia chamada Presente Contínuo. Como fonte de pesquisa artística serão investigadas – através da análise da imagem/texto e seus modos flexíveis de intenção – algumas estratégias poéticas já empregadas por diferentes artistas, como Stephane Mallarmè, Edward Ruscha, Jonathan Safran Foer, Georges Perec, John Cage, Luiz Ruffato e Augustín Fernández Mallo. Para aprofundar o arcabouço teórico, foram convocados os escritos de autores que problematizam o cotidiano, a escrita de si, o impulso arquivista e a autoficção, como Maurice Blanchot, Agnes Heller, Philipe Lejeune, Roland Barthes, Jacques Derrida, Judith Butler e Henry Lefebvre. Finalmente, a partir do processo poético envolvido quando operamos elementos cotidianos, autoficcionais e arquivistas para criar narrativas verbo-visuais não-lineares na forma de livros, serão discutidos aspectos do artista como editor, do artista como curador e do artista como pesquisador. / The main aim of this text is to present an investigation provoked from the writing and reissue of the book 2013, from a new book production entitled 2015 and the material preparation for a third volume, called 2017. In this way, we will have the problematization of an undetermined serialization of publications contaminated by daily life and by the autobiography called Present Continuous. As a source of artistic research will be investigated – through image/text analysis and their flexible modes of intention - some poetic strategies already employed by different artists, such as Stephane Mallarmè, Edward Ruscha, Jonathan Safran Foer, Georges Perec, John Cage, Luiz Ruffato and Augustín Fernández Mallo. In order to deepen the theoretical framework, the writings of authors who problematize daily life, the writing itself, archival impulse and autofiction, such as Maurice Blanchot, Agnes Heller, Philipe Lejeune, Roland Barthes, Jacques Derrida, Judith Butler, and Henry Lefebvre were summoned. Finally, from the poetic process involved when we operate everyday, autofictional and archival elements to create nonlinear verbo-visual narratives in the form of books, we will discuss aspects of the artist as editor, the artist as curator and the artist as a researcher.

Jag har i mitt examensarbete gjort en kollektion kläder till den fiktiva Madame Brilliant, baserad på färgstarka personligheter som bl. a Anna Piaggi och Elsa Schiaparelli. Slår man upp ”glamourös” i en svensk-fransk ordbok finner man glamourös heta brilliant och det är just glamour mitt examensarbete handlar om, vardagsglamour.Jag har till Madame Brilliant skapat drömgarderoben. De plagg den excentriska kvinnan alltid drömmer om men aldrig hittar ute i butikerna; Färgstarka feminina kappor, klänningar och hattar att bära till vardags.Jag har i mitt arbete lagt stor vikt på färgkombinationerna, därför är stylingen och de små detaljerna mycket viktiga. Liksom färgerna i en tavla förhöjer varandra, förhöjer kläderna i min kollektion varandra och ger varandra karaktär.Färgsprakande kläder upplevs ofta som billiga, ofta för att de är gjorda i dåliga kvalitéer till tonåringar eller så är de tantiga och gjorda i linne för kulturtanten. Jag har därför gjort en kollektion till kvinnan som varken vill vara tonåring eller tant, kvinnan utan ålder, mina plagg har ingen ålder, bara personlighet. Jag har valt att använda mig av lyxiga material som man oftast inte använder till färgstarka kläder; siden, ull, sammet, viscosecrepe, fjädrar och hårfilt. Jag har även använt mig utav enklare material som bomull och syntetmaterial, men då just för att det ska ge en viss känsla åt plagget. Tygerna har jag gjort mer personliga genom applikationer och att blanda olika mönster och färger i plaggen.För att ge kollektionen en tidlös känsla har jag använt mig av klassiska feminina siluetter, timglasformen, prinsess-skärningen, fodralklänningen. Kläderna i min kollektion ska hålla i flera säsonger och vara bärarinnans favoritplagg. De plagg man aldrig slänger för att de är unika, tidlösa och gjorda i material av bra kvalité.Kollektionen är inspirerad av den kvinnliga kurviga kroppen, d v s kvinnor med midja , byst och rumpa. Mycket av modet ute i butikerna är gjorda till pojkflickan. Mitt mål är att framhäva kurviga kvinnors skönhet, men även personlighet hos var och en, att det inte handlar så mycket om kropp och ett vackert ansikte, med mina kläder spelar det ingen roll hur man ser ut, allt handlar om personlighet. Jag vill med min kollektion sprida färg, glamour, energi, humor och glädje. Säga nej till vardagstristessen och ja till vardagsglamouren!I have in my degree collection made a wardrobe for the fictive lady Madame Brilliant based on colourful women like Anna Piaggi and Elsa Schiaparelli. I have been working with everyday glamour and bright colours. I have created for Madame Brilliant the dream wardrobe. I have made the clothes the colourful women dream of, but never find in stores, feminine coats, dresses and hats, glamorous clothes for everyday life in exclusive fabrics.In my design process I’ve been working with the combination of colours, that’s why the styling and the small details are very important. Just like the colours in a painting give each other life, the clothes in my collection give each other life with the colours and pattern in the fabric.Many people experience brave colour as cheap, often because they’re made in cheap fabrics and are made for teenagers or old ladies without any sense of style and fashion. I have made my collection for the woman/girl without any age who likes clothes with a lot of personality and in exclusive fabrics. I have made my clothes in materials such as wool, silk, velvet, viscosecrepe, feathers to give them a more exclusive look that colourful clothes mostly don’t have.With my collection I want to spread colour, glamour, energy, humour and happiness. / Program: Modedesignutbildningen

Este estudo pretende narrar a história das Filhas da Imaculada Conceição, com ênfase nas táticas utilizadas por elas para formar uma congregação religiosa no sertão de Vígolo (SC), em 1890, a fim de atender idosas doentes, meninas e órfãs. Começa a análise estudando os contextos familiares, religiosos, socioculturais e históricos da fundadora da congregação, Amabile Lucia Visintainer, a qual emigrou da Itália com sua família em 1875. Acompanha o crescimento, a expansão e os processos de institucionalização de sua organização que são consolidados em 1909, no bojo da intervenção romanizada e ultramontana de bispos paulistas e do jesuíta diretor espiritual da congregação. Utiliza como fontes: crônicas das próprias irmãs que viveram a experiência, crônicas de outras irmãs que coletaram e reescreveram sua história, biografias, cartas, entrevistas e outros documentos institucionais que possibilitam investigar o cotidiano dessa antiga comunidade de mulheres que se transformou na quarta congregação a ser fundada no Brasil. Para reler os temas apreendidos das fontes, inspiram-nos as propostas teóricas de Michel de Certeau, as quais subsidiam a reflexão sobre as táticas utilizadas pelas irmãs para inventar sua realidade em Vígolo, Nova Trento e São Paulo. As conclusões apontam, entre outras questões, a relevância para a História da Educação de uma pesquisa voltada para a análise da trajetória e do cotidiano de freiras, possibilitando compreender melhor as razões e os contextos que levam uma congregação feminina a desenvolver um trabalho com meninas e órfãs, o que explica também o sentido da educação que receberam e que ministraram. / This study aims to tell the history of the Daughters of the Immaculate Conception with emphasis on the tactics used by them to initiate a religious congregation in the wilderness of Vigolo (SC) in 1890, in order to care for elderly sick people, girls and orphans. Beginning the analysis by studying the family, religious, socio-cultural and historical backgrounds of the founder of the congregation, Amabile Lucia Visintainer, who emigrated from Italy with his family in 1875. This work follows the growth expansion and institutionalization processes of her organization that is consolidated in 1909, in the course of the intervention of ultramontane and Romanized bishops from Sao Paulo and the Jesuit spiritual director of the congregation. The source of this study are the chronicles of their own sisters who lived through the experience, chronic of other sisters who collected and rewrote their history, biographies, letters, interviews and other institutional documents that enable to investigate the everyday life of this ancient community of women who became the fourth congregation be founded in Brazil. To reread the topics picked up from the sources, we had as inspiration the theoretical proposals of Michel de Certeau, which are the base to reflect on the strategy used by the sisters to invent their reality in Vigolo, Nova Trento and Sao Paulo. The conclusions indicate, among other things, the relevance for the History of Education a survey that aims at analyzing the history and the daily life of nuns, enabling better understand on the reasons and contexts that make a female congregation to develop a working with girls and orphans, which also explains the meaning of education they have received and given.

Over the past decade, the United Kingdom has witnessed a proliferation of civil-military initiatives that have engendered overt and celebratory displays of support for the British Armed Forces. This thesis interrogates two of these initiatives: the annual public relations event Armed Forces Day and the military charity Help for Heroes. Significantly, these initiatives have emerged against a backdrop of morally and politically contentious military violence, notably in Iraq and Afghanistan. Hence, these initiatives raise important questions about the type of politics which underwrite them. In this thesis, I address these questions by critically engaging with a figure who occupies a key position within this UK civil-military landscape: the professional soldier. Adopting a Foucauldian approach, I place this figure within a broader political, social and historical context and show how, since the end of the Second World War, the professional soldier has continually remerged to rewrite the conditions of possibility for liberal war-fighting. Drawing on this insight, I identify a professional soldier, I label the biopolitical military professional, who greatly informs the contours of this contemporary UK civil-military landscape. The biopolitical military professional is an important figure because they are able to co-opt "civilian" political subjects into the service of liberal-warfighting despite a conflict's political context. This is made possible because the biopolitical military professional is a figure who incorporates their military expertise and professional concerns within a wider set of life-administering knowledges concerned with the health and well-being of the population. Crucially, the most overt expressions of biopolitical military professionalism are produced through these UK civil-military initiatives. I demonstrate this by showing how these initiatives mobilise a whole host of "civilian" proto-professional subjects into the active service of liberal war-fighting through an appeal to both their military "obligations" and their fitness and wellbeing. An effect of this is that participating in one of these initiatives becomes more than an act of military support it also becomes a way of partaking in a healthy and life-enriching activity. For example, a day out at Armed Forces Day is a way to get children to take part in active play and educational activities. Supporting the armed forces through Help for Heroes may involve running a marathon or taking part in a long-distance cycle ride. Consequently, via the presence of the biopolitical military professional these initiatives achieve a certain resonance with a civilian population disinterested in the politics of war but increasingly concerned with their health and wellbeing.

This thesis seeks to challenge deficit approaches to 'different' childhoods. It does this through documenting the everyday life experiences of Sylheti-heritage Muslim children in urban Scotland, and reading these childhoods through the lives of children and their kin in rural Sylhet, Bangladesh. The research is based on 3 years' ethnographic fieldwork (January 2008-February 2011), in Scotland and in Bangladesh, and incorporates various child-friendly creative research methods used to elicit data on children's realities and perspectives on their lives. These data are supplemented by data from the children's mothers (and occasionally wider family) in both locations. Transnational migration between the Indian subcontinent and the UK is not new, but little research has focused on childhoods, in particular the lived experiences of young Muslim children of marriage-migrant mothers in Scotland, where this minority ethnic 'community' is quite small, later-formed and largely invisible. Little early childhood research has been conducted on children's everyday lives either in rural Sylhet or in Scotland. The history and context of migration and the realities of children's lives in Scotland, as migrant-heritage Muslim children, are largely unexplored and their particular needs are little understood. Some media and public imaginaries and discourses portray Muslim families and their communities as 'problematic', increasingly so since September 11th, 2001, with recent events in the UK, mainland Europe and the Middle East adding fuel to such sentiments. Many Sylheti-heritage families experience harassment and abuse, or live in fear of such eventualities, and the women and young children in my Scottish cohort have largely withdrawn for safety from the visible public domain. This research aims to contribute to a body of knowledge on early childhood(s). Early childhood interventions are high on Scotland's, and the UK's, policy agendas. These policies aim to create better futures and greater inclusiveness for all residents, but they are problematic for families that do not match the very Euro-American middle-class conceptions of childhood and family norms that inform policy. Despite the introduction of strengths-based models in family and childhood policy and practice, such 'different' children and families may still be viewed from a deficits perspective. Such deficit discourses may be rooted in a language of cultural deprivation and special needs, focusing on perceived deficiencies, resulting in the pathologising of certain groups, which become normalised over time. The global Early Years' agenda is also reflected in interventions in rural Bangladesh, with imported global ideals and norms of which most village families have no knowledge and which bear little relevance to their everyday lives. For example, many interventions exist for early childhood in the form of pre-school and nursery provision, but many are based on very Eurocentric models of childhood, which although pertinent in the Global North may not 'fit' with the realities of life for most rural children and their families. There is an over-emphasis on children's futures and children as 'becomings', the future citizens they will become, rather than on their quality of life here and now as 'beings'. This thesis frames children's everyday lives in terms of 'domains': places of childhood (locations of children's day-to-day activities), 'networks': spaces of childhood (social networks and relationships with kin and friends); and 'preoccupations': pursuits of childhood (how they spend their lives and what meaning, if any, they attach to these different aspects of life). The gendered character of these experiences is highlighted throughout. Children's lives, particularly when young, are influenced and shaped by their kin, yet opportunities for agency also exist. When women migrate after marriage from Sylhet to Scotland, some aspects of childhood and family lives remain fairly constant while others change quite radically. For instance, whilst children's lives continue to be centred on close family, family may be much smaller and less accessible than in Sylhet. Concepts of house and neighbourhood continue to be important, but Sylheti village childhoods are largely spent outdoors, whilst children are largely restricted to the family home in Scotland; children's physical domains of activity diminish and women and children have few opportunities to connect socially beyond their existing family networks, particularly in the early years. Social life, very rich and foregrounded in Sylheti villages, becomes potentially more restricted in Scotland although women work hard to create and maintain social opportunities and networks in Scotland, with wider Diasporic kin, and the Sylheti villages to which they have connections. Through their representations and narratives, both drawn and spoken, children convey rich examples of their childhood experiences, in both locales, which challenge deficit discourses on 'different childhoods'.

Esta tese investiga um conjunto de práticas do cotidiano relacionadas à improvisação de objetos industrializados, visando finalidades utilitárias. Tais práticas, devido à especificidade de modificar o produto industrial com este propósito, são aqui designadas \"gambiarras\". Defende-se que elas constituem procedimentos necessários e complementares ao uso dos artefatos produzidos pelo modo de produção capitalista, subvertendo seus designs. Fundamentada empiricamente pela coleta e organização de documentação iconográfica original, abrangendo diferentes tipos de manifestações concretas do objeto de pesquisa, a tese interpreta esse material através de duas linhas teóricas. De inicio, sob a luz da teoria da mercadoria contida em O Capital e outros escritos, busca entender a estrutura do contexto socioeconômico da gambiarra, utilizando-se de alguns apontamentos históricosociais complementares. Em seguida, amparada pelas proposições de Michel de Certeau acerca das \"práticas do cotidiano\" e da \"produção através do consumo\", a gambiarra é focalizada como manifestação da permanente criatividade humana e como tática social capaz de manobrar a ordem tradicional de mercado baseada na perspectiva de um consumo passivo. / This thesis investigates a set of everyday life practices related to the improvisation of industrialized objects, aiming utilitarian finility. Such practices, due to the specificity of modifying the industrial product with this purpose, are here called \"gambiarras\" (Brazilian word for kludge, workaround). It is argued that these procedures are necessary and complementary to the use of the artifacts produced by the capitalist mode of production, subverting its designs. Substantiated empirically by the collecting and organization of original iconographic documentation, covering different types of tangible object of research, the thesis interprets this material through two theoretical lines. Initially, under the light of the theory of the commodity contained in Das Capital and other essays, seeks to understand the structure of the socioeconomic context of the gambiarra, using some additional sociohistorical notes. Then, supported by propositions of Michel de Certeau about the \"everyday practices\" and the \"production through consumption\", the gambiarra is focused as permanent manifestation of human creativity and social tactics able to maneuver the traditional order of market-based perspective of a passive consumption.

O presente estudo parte da tese de que as danças urbanas começam a se constituir como uma das formas de ser homem e profissional na contemporaneidade, na qual as interdições sociais já não são tão limitantes como foram outrora. Desta forma, apresentamos como objetivo geral investigar como tal processo se dá na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, estudando as artes de fazer destes atores, os dançarinos urbanos. Mais especificamente, desdobramos este objetivo em três aspectos diferentes: investigar suas táticas para organizar o acontecimento de sua dança na cidade, descrever suas formas de narrar suas próprias histórias de vida e perspectivas e, finalmente, analisar suas formas de recriar a dança de rua original do movimento hip hop em novas linguagens. Os temas são apresentados em três diferentes artigos. O primeiro, Do racha na rua à batalha nos palcos: o acontecimento da dança de rua no Rio de Janeiro, de caráter mais etnográfico, faz uma análise dos eventos de danças urbanas que foram destacados como os mais importantes da cidade pelos dançarinos de break cariocas. O segundo artigo, Retóricas da caminhada: narrativas dos jovens dançarinos urbanos na cidade do rio de janeiro, tem como matéria prima as entrevistas realizadas com os dançarinos urbanos, nas quais contam suas histórias de vida, as suas construções enquanto artistas e suas perspectivas em relação à dança e ao futuro. O terceiro trabalho A dança do passinho: uma criação carioca fala sobre uma manifestação de dança urbana criada nas favelas do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de uma linguagem que deriva do hip hop, que é o funk. Tivemos nos estudos de Vianna (1997) e Herschmann (2000) o ponto de partida para entendermos este processo, difuso e disperso em função de seu desdobramento na forma da cultura funk carioca. A metáfora do liso e do estriado, proposta por Deleuze e Guatarri (2012) foi acionada como ferramenta para refletir sobre a vida dos jovens dançarinos urbanos e seus trânsitos. Buscamos também estabelecer um diálogo entre esta proposta e as ideias de Certeau (2008), baseados no aspecto da criatividade cotidiana diante das estratégias dos sujeitos de poder. Ao final, apresentamos algumas considerações a respeito dos achados das pesquisas de campo realizadas, em perspectivas com os conceitos de alisamento e estriagem do espaço e das relações entre táticas e estratégias neste contexto. / This study is based on the idea that the urban dances begin as one of the ways to become a man and a professional in modern times. That being said, the main objective of this work is to present how this process happens in Rio de Janeiro city by studying the urban dancers. This objective is split in three: describe the tactics used by the dancers to organize their dance in the city; describe their way of telling their story and life perspectives; analyze how they refactor the original hip hop street dance. Each of these is presented in an article: From the street fighting to the stage battles: the rise of street dancing in Rio de Janeiro, Journeys rhetoric: young urban dancers stories in Rio de Janeiro city and The passinho dance: a dance born in Rio. We based ourselves in Vianna (1997) and Herschmann (2000) in order to understand this diffuse and disperse process as a function of its presence in Rios funk culture. The liso e estriado metaphor was used as a tool to make us think about these young dancers life. We also seek to establish a dialog between our ideas and Certeaus (2008). In the end, we present some ideas based on our research and field work.