Thừa Thiên Huế dispose d’une situation géographique stratégique, possédant des paysages somptueux, des villages artisanaux et d’une culture très riche avec deux patrimoines culturels mondiaux... Parmi les ressources naturelles potentielles de Hue, la lagune de Tam Giang - Cầu Hai (TG-CH), avec ses ressources précieuses, est une nouvelle destination touristique de cette province. À TG-CH, les activités touristiques sont apparues depuis 2010. Mais en réalité, le tourisme à la lagune de TG-CH ne montre pas vraiment qu’il est un outil efficace pour lutter contre la pauvreté pour la communauté lagunaire locale. Cette étude vise à un développement local durable en analysant plusieurs facteurs. Les analyses profondes sur les impacts touristiques, sur la participation communautaire dans le tourisme ont une relation directe avec la valeur perçue par la communauté locale sur le tourisme à TG-CH. Spécialement, une proposition initiale du « tourisme à la ville fantôme » dans la lagune de TG-CH montre une destination unique dans le monde entier que les responsables de Thừa Thiên Huế ne connaissent pas. Pour la première fois, la culture locale devient une clé importante pour comprendre, pour expliquer les pratiques des communautés locales. Cette recherche va être encore développée pour un développement local durable à TG-CH. / Thừa Thiên Huế inherites a strategic geographic position with many majestic landscapes, traditional villages and a diverse culture with two world cultural heritages. Among various potential natural resources of the place, Tam Giang – Cầu Hai Lagoon (TG-CH), with its precious resources, is an emerging tourist destination of the province. Althought tourism has established at TG-CH since 2010, it, in fact, has not shown as an effective tool for poverty alleviation. This research is aiming to a sustainable development of the area through analysing various factors. Analysises on the impacts of tourism and the involvement of local community in tourism have a very strong connection with the community perceived value in tourism. Specifically, a proposal for a model “tourism in the ghost town” at TG-CH would bring a unique aspect of a lost world which could not even be in the mind Thừa Thiên Huế authorities. For the first time, local culture becomes a significant key to understand and elaborate social changes. This research will continuously develop toward the sustainable development of TG-CH.

冷戰之後，前蘇聯地區出現了一系列新獨立的共和國。哈薩克、烏茲別克、土庫曼、吉爾及斯和塔吉克脫離蘇聯徹底獨立，並加入聯合國；宣告了中亞地區在歐亞大陸腹地的重新崛起，並改變了歐亞大陸的地緣政治格局。 中共為了強化與俄羅斯、哈薩克、吉爾吉斯、和塔吉克四國的邊境安全和相互信心，於是創建了「上海五國」會晤機制。之後逐年召開會晤，2001年，更將「上海五國」機制改為「上海合作組織」之正式組織。該組織是第一個中國作為創始國的區域性合作國際組織，其順利發展和有效發揮職能不僅對維護中共周邊環境的穩定、擴大中共對外經濟活動空間有重大的現實意義，而且對於中共加入經濟全球化的進程的影響不容忽視。維護地區安全和加強經濟合作是「上海合作組織」的基本宗旨，推動「多邊外交」是其主要的任務。 本論文以中共在「上海合作組織」的多邊外交與合作為研究主題，主要探討的目的有1. 中共多邊外交的發展。2. 「上海合作組織」多邊合作形成的背景，演進的歷程與內容。3. 胡錦濤時期中共在「上海合作組織」中「多邊外交」的實踐對未來區域發展可能的影響進行研究評估，並針對該組織未來的可能發展與限制提出結論與建議。

Denna studie syftar på att undersöka hur Sveriges myndigheter arbetar med krishantering med fokus på oljeutsläpp till havs. Tidigare forskning visar att Sverige har ett fungerande nätverk när det kommer till krishantering (Pålsson m.fl. 2018), men i det tvärsektionella arbetet brister Sverige i sin hantering. En definierad och strukturerad ledningskultur behövs för att spara tid, för att undvika okunskap och felinformation vid krishantering som exempelvis vid oljeutsläpp. Genom innehållsanalyser av utvärderingar från två tidigare oljepåslag, Fu Shan Hai i Ystad, 2003 och Golden Trader i Tjörn, 2011 samt semistrukturerade intervjuer med berörda aktörer vid händelsen av Marco Polo’s grundstötningar i Sölvesborg, 2023 har processerna analyserats och jämförts. Med berörda aktörer syftar denna studie på myndigheter, kommuner och organisationer som verkar och samarbetar runt händelser som exempelvis oljeutsläpp. Genom en sammanvägd analys kom det fram att samverkan i händelsen med Marco Polo har förbättrats, dock förekommer brister inom kommunikation och statlig satsning för krishantering till havs, och behöver utvecklas vidare. / This study aims to examine how Swedish authorities work with crisis management, with a focus on oil spills at sea. Previous research indicates that Sweden has an effective network for crisis management (Pålsson et al., 2018), but shortcomings exist in its cross-sectional work. A defined and structured leadership culture is needed to save time, and to avoid ignorance and misinformation during crisis management, such as in the event of oil spills. By conducting content analyses of evaluations from two previous oil spills, Fu Shan Hai in Ystad, 2003, and Golden Trader in Tjörn, 2011, as well as semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders involved in the Marco Polo grounding in Sölvesborg, 2023, the processes were analyzed and compared. By relevant stakeholders, this study refers to authorities, municipalities, and organizations that operate and collaborate around events such as oil spills. The comprehensive analysis revealed that cooperation during the Marco Polo incident has improved; however, deficiencies in communication and state investment in maritime crisis management persist and need further development.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

In dieser Doktorarbeit behandle ich verschiedene Persönlichkeitsaspekte von jugendlichen Zitronenhaien (Negaprion brevirostris). Ich habe wiederholt Individuen in einem neuartigen Testfeld untersucht. Diese Experimente zeigten, dass jugendliche Zitronenhaie sich konstant verschieden verhalten. Außerdem konnte ich durch eine wiederkehrende Exposition in dem neuartigen Testfeld ein Gewöhnungsverhalten aufzeigen. Gewöhnung war ein Indikator, dass dieser Test es möglich macht, Reaktionen auf Veränderungen zu erforschen. Und endlich zeigte dieses Experiment dass Individuen verschiedene Gewöhnungsraten besitzen. Zweitens testete ich konsistente individuelle Verschiedenheiten in einigen der sozialen Verhaltensweisen über Zeiträume von einigen Tagen bis Perioden von vier Monaten. Während des neuerlichen Tests von Individuen wurde die Zusammensetzung der Gruppen geändert, um sicher zu gehen, dass die Wiederholbarkeit nicht vom gleichen sozialen Umfeld zwischen den wiederholten Versuchen kam. Hier wiederum fand ich, dass jugendliche Zitronenhaie Persönlichkeitsdifferenzen in ihrem sozialen Umfeld besaßen und dies trotz der veränderten Gruppen und einer viermonatigen Periode zwischen den Tests. Drittens testete ich die Präsenz eines Verhaltenssyndroms zwischen der Sozialisierung und der Reaktion auf ein neues Testfeld unter Berücksichtigung einer möglichen Variation dieses Syndroms durch Ontogenese und den Fangplatz. Dazu untersuchte ich noch die Dauerhaftigkeit von individuellen Unterschieden in verschiedenen Altersklassen und von verschiedenen Fangplätzen. Ich fand eine starke negative Korrelation zwischen der Soziabilität und der Reaktion auf Ungewohntes bei den Haien, in einer von zwei getesteten Kinderstuben, aber nur wenn sie älter als ein Jahr waren. Dazu fand ich, dass Haie, die weniger als ein Jahr alt waren, keine langdauernde Verhaltenskonsistenz zum Gegensatz zu älteren Haien zeigten. / In this thesis, I investigated different aspects of personality in juvenile lemon sharks (Negaprion brevirostris). I repeatedly tested individuals in a novel open field test. This experiment showed that juvenile lemon sharks consistently differ in their behavior. In addition, repeated exposures to the novel open field, allowed me to demonstrate the presence of habituation. Habituation was used as an indication that this test can be used to investigate reaction to novelty. Finally, this experiment also revealed that individuals have variable rates of habituation. Second, I tested consistent individual differences in some aspects of their social behavior over a few days up to a four-month period. While retesting individuals, group composition was changed to insure that repeatability was not due to the repetition of the same social environment between tests. Here again, I found that juvenile lemon sharks showed personality differences in their social behavior and this despite group composition changes and a four-month period between tests. Third, I tested the presence of a behavioral syndrome between sociability and reaction to a novel open field while considering potential variation in this syndrome through ontogeny and locations of capture. In addition, I investigated the maintenance of individual differences in different age classes and locations of capture. I found a significant negative correlation between sociability and reaction to novelty in sharks from one of the two nurseries tested but only when they were older than a year. In addition, I found that young of year sharks did not demonstrate long term consistency in their behavior as opposed to older sharks.

本文旨在透過對外交檔案的整理及文獻之評析，探討1911年至1912年，以辛亥革命事件為核心，前後期間的中俄兩國關係。1911年十月十日在湖北武昌所爆發的新軍起事，以及其後的一系列局勢變化，最終造成了大清帝國的崩潰，與中華民國的成立，是二十世紀東亞史上的重要事件。俄羅斯帝國與大清帝國及其後的中華民國有著綿長的陸緣國界，兩國的政治、經濟、外交、與軍事互動也對十九世紀中葉後的當代中國有著深遠且持續的影響。研究方式主要利用中國、俄國兩國當時之外交文獻架構兩國關係之經緯，佐證關係第三國，如日本與英國之外交文獻以建立較多面向之觀點。 本文將所欲探討之兩國辛亥革命期間關係問題依照其性質分為幾個面向，其一是依照發生時間、二是依照所涉入之政治實體、最後則是依照兩國利害互動之場域，以簡單整理討論之體系次序。 / This thesis aims to sort through government diplomatic archives and historical literature, to analyze and discuss Sino-Russo relation centering the Hsin-hai Revolution period, from 1911 to 1912. The reformed army uprise that occurred in Wu-Chang, Hu-Pei on October, 10, 1911 and the following series of event it triggered eventually caused the collapse of the Ching dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China, making it an important event in 20th century East Asia history. Between the Russia Empire and the Ching Empire, along with the Republic of China, share a well extended border on land. The political, economic, diplomatic and military interaction between the two nations also has profound and lasting influence toward the becoming of modern China from the later part of the 19th century forward. The research was mainly done by organizing through diplomatic archives and memoir at the time to outline the framework of the two nations’ relationship, adding in documents from interest related nations such as Japan and the United Kingdoms to construct a more multi dimension perspective. This thesis separates the study of Sino-Russo relation events during the Hsin-Hai revolution period into several different dimensions. The first is the time the event takes place, the second is by the political entity involved in the event, and the third is the area of interest or conflict of the indicated event, to make out a basic order of discussion.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Thesis (MPH.) --University of Limpopo, 2019. / Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of adherence to Infection Prevention and Control (IP&C) practices and programs amongst healthcare workers (HCWs) in the neonatal ward at Charlotte Maxeke Central Hospital (CMCH). Methods: Quantitative research was conducted on 57 Clinicians directly providing care to the patients and 5 Health Care Workers indirectly providing care to the patients by means of supporting the environment and logistics where patients are being taken care. Data collection was done using structured questionnaires. Because the population was so small, all available HCWs, who were willing to participate in the study were selected to participate in the study. Furthermore, the SAS statistical software was used to describe and analyse data received from the data collection tools. Results: Two groups of respondents participated in the study which were (n=57) who in the neonatal ward at CMCH and Health Care Workers (n=5), most of the clinicians were having 1 – 4 years’ experience working in the neonatal unit at 54.6% followed by 5 – 9 years at 21.8%. Participants were in the age group ≤ 30 years at 39.3% followed by 31 – 40 years (32.1%) and least being at ≥ 51 years (5.4%). Clinicians included 46% of professional nurses, 28.6% Auxiliary Nursing Assistant, 16.1% student nurses and 8.9% medical doctors. The findings revealed that there are some areas where there’s inconsistent in using gloves when anticipating exposure to blood or body fluids, drying of hands after washing and removing jewellery during clinical care among clinicians particularly doctors, professional nurses and student nurses about IPC practices during clinical care. In Conclusion: There was inadequate compliance with IPC standards and there’s a need for regular trainings to improve the knowledge about IPCs and awareness of its importance among clinicians and health care workers in the neonatal unit. The IPC committee need to be revitalized by the hospital management to be able to undertake its mandate. Furthermore, the Hospital administration should provide copies of IPPC policy Guidelines in all wards/units and ensure effective implementation through vi constant supervision and adequate supplies and conduct regular audits to enhance compliance and implementation of IPPC policy. The study concluded that there was inadequate compliance with IPC and there’s a need for regular trainings to improve the knowledge about IPCs and awareness of its importance among clinicians and health care workers in the neonatal unit.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Government and Public Administration

辛亥革命為一未竟全功、不澈底的革命，致有民二─民五先生發生的二次與三次革命 運動。本文旨在從民初革命背景的探究，呈現二次與三次革命運動的不可避免，並試 圖以比較之法，明悉革命成敗之由，以為日後反共復國革命之鑑。 本論文共壹冊，十一萬餘字，計分六章、十五節。 第一章：緒論。述明研究旨趣、研究方法與研究範圍。 第二章：革命背景。先對辛亥革命為一評估，再論政黨政治試行的失敗，接著分析民 初國內外的社會思潮與背景，最後對民初革命的對象─袁世凱為一瞭解。 第三章：二次革命。先論革命起因，後論革命事略。 第四章：三次革命。先論中華革命黨的成立，再論由仿帝制的醞釀而引起三次革命（ 反帝制運動），以護國軍的起義，最後終使帝制覆亡。 第五章：二次革命與三次革命之比較。本章從革命對象、革路命輿情、革命領袖與革 命策略四方面比較二次與三次革命的成敗。 第六章：結論。