Les travaux rapportés dans ce mémoire concernent le développement de nouvelles réactions métallo-catalysées en séries hétérocycliques et osidiques ainsi que leurs applications à la synthèse d’inhibiteurs de la Hsp90.La première partie de ce manuscrit est consacrée à l’étude de la réactivité des N-aminoazoles dans les couplages pallado-catalysés. Des nouvelles conditions ont été développées pour la synthèse d’analogues à motif N-aminoazole ainsi que leur évaluation biologique. Nous avons également étudié la réactivité de 1-aminoindole dans la réaction de N-H et C-H arylation conduisant à des composés inédits à motifs tetraheterocyliques. La seconde partie de ce travail est dédiée à la synthèse de quinolin-2-ones N-glycosylées. Nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode pour préparer efficacement les N-glycosyl quinolin-2-ones via une réaction pallado-catalysée. Nous avons également développé un nouveau protocole pour accéder aux 4-aryl N-glycosyl quiolin-2-ones via une réaction domino Heck/ Buchwald-Hartwig. Les produits synthétisés dans cette partie ont été utilisés pour la création d’une série inédite d’analogues de 6BrCaQ N-glycosylés. L’activité antiproliférative de ces molécules a été évaluée et sera présentée dans ce manuscrit. / The work reported in this dissertation concerns the development of new metal-catalyzed reactions for the creation of carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bonds as well as their applications to the synthesis of biologically active products.The first part of this manuscript is devoted to the study of the reactivity of N-aminoazoles, in particulars N-aminoindole in palladium-catalyzed couplings. New conditions were developed for the synthesis of new analogues of 6BrCaQ and study their biological evaluation. Moreover, we studied the reactivity of N-aminoindole under palladium-catalyzed systems via the N–H and C–H functionalization in order to afford fused tetra(hetero)cycle compounds. The second part of this work is dedicated to the synthesis of N-glycosylated quinolin-2-one compounds. We have developed a new method to prepare N-glycosyl quinolin-2-ones via intramolecular palladium-catalyzed CN arylation. To access to the 4-aryl N-glycosyl quiolin-2-ones, the domino Heck/ Buchwald-Hartwig CN arylation reaction was also studied. The synthesized products in this section were used for the creation of a new series of N-glycosylated analogues of 6BrCaQ. The antiproliferative activity of these molecules has been evaluated and will be presented in this manuscript.

Studien undersökte huruvida det finns någon skillnad mellan dansare och icke-dansare gällande grad av högkänslig personlighet (HSP). Även välmåendet hos dansarna undersöktes samt om deras välmående skiljde sig från icke-dansarnas, där pandemins påverkan på välmåendet också beaktades. Vidare undersöktes sambandet mellan HSP och välmående inom de två grupperna och totalt. Studiens resultat utgick från insamlade data från en enkät bestående av mätinstrumenten HSP-skalan, Välmåendeskalan samt två egenformulerade frågor om pandemins påverkan på välmåendet. Urvalet omfattades av 224 personer, varav 110 var dansare och 114 icke-dansare. Studiens data bearbetades i SPSS. De främsta analyserna som användes var ANCOVA, Pearsons korrelationskoefficient samt Cronbachs alfa. Resultatet påvisade ingen skillnad mellan dansare och icke-dansare i grad av HSP, dock fanns en skillnad mellan grupperna gällande subskalan estetisk känslighet (AES), där dansarna tenderade att ligga högre. Gällande välmående fanns en interaktionseffekt mellan grupp och kön samt interna skillnader inom dansargruppen, där dansstuderande utifrån självskattning mådde bättre än övriga verksamma inom dansyrket. Generellt hade välmåendet bland deltagarna försämrats av pandemin men dansarnas välmående hade enligt självskattning påverkats mer negativt än för icke dansare. Sambandet mellan HSP och välmående var svagt negativt för båda grupperna och totalt. Resultatet skiljde sig delvis från tidigare forskning som tytt på att alla kreativa yrkesgrupper består av en högre andel HSP-personer. Vidare forskning bör undersöka kreativa yrkesgrupper var för sig och inte generalisera kreativa professioner som en och samma grupp. En strävan med studien var att utvidga uppmärksamhet och förståelse för dansare som yrkesgrupp. / The study examined whether there was any difference between dancers and non-dancers regarding the degree of highly sensitive personality (HSP). Furthermore, the dancers’ well-being was examined as well as whether it differed from the non-dancers’ well-being, with the impact of the pandemic taken into consideration. Additionally, the relationship between HSP and well-being was investigated - within the two groups and in total. The results of the study were based on data collected from a survey, consisting of the two pre-existing instruments “HSP-scale” and “Questionnaire on well-being” as well as two questions specifically designed for this study, regarding the pandemic’s impact on the well-being score. The sample consisted of 224 persons, of whom 110 were dancers and 114 non-dancers. The survey data was processed in SPSS. The main analyzes performed were ANCOVA, Pearson’s correlation and Crohnbach’s alpha. The results showed no significant difference between dancers’ and non-dancers’ degree of HSP, however there were some differences for the subscale aesthetic sensitivity (AES). For the measurements of well-being, an interaction effect between group and gender was found, as well as internal differences within the dancer group showing that the dance students scored higher on well-being than others in the dance field. In general, the level of well-being among the participants decreased due to the pandemic, but the dancers’ well-being had been more negatively affected according to the survey. The results showed a slight negative relationship between HSP and well-being for each group and in total. This outcome partly differed from previous research, which suggested that all creative professions have an enhanced percentage of HSP-persons. Future research should examine creative professions individually and not generalize creatives to one and the same group. One aim for the study was to expand the awareness and understanding of the dancers’ occupational field.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:30:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Loanda Carvalho S Limongi.pdf: 1004813 bytes, checksum: 09f423fef50cc45223e734df788a0c39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-18 / Pleural tuberculosis (TBP) has often spontaneous resolution, even without treatment. However, the lack of proper diagnosis and treatment can lead to the occurrence of pulmonary and/or extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in 65% of the cases, in the five years subsequent. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the recombinant Hsp-X antigen (rHsp-X) in an enzyme immunoassay for determining the presence of TBP in patients with pleural effusion. For this study we used 132 samples of serum and pleural fluid (PF) from patients with pleural effusion. Of these, 97 samples were from TBP patients and 35 patients with diseases other than tuberculosis (NTBP) (28 patients with metastatic cancer, 1 patient with congestive heart failure, 2 patients whit liver failure, 1 patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and 3 patients with parapneumonic effusion). The IgM levels of PF were higher in patients with PTB than NTBP, the sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA for the PF was 42% and 83%, respectively. Testing for IgG from the serum and the PF against the recombinant antigen Hsp-X were not effective in discriminating TB patients from other diseases, the sensitivity was found to be 13% and 16% using serum and LP, respectively, with the same specificity of 83%. TBP patients presented higher levels of IgA specific for the rHSP-X than NTBP, the IgA ELISA using PF presented better sensitivity (65%) than using serum (39%), while the IgA ELISA for both types of samples presented the same specificity (83%). In conclusion, the recognition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis rHsp-X by IgA antibodies from the PF of patients with TBP reveals its possible role in the development of a diagnostic test for additional cases of TBP. Further studies must be conducted to confirm this hypothesis. / A tuberculose pleural (TBP) frequentemente tem resolução espontânea, mesmo sem tratamento. No entanto, a ausência de diagnóstico e tratamento pode levar, nos cinco anos subseqüentes, à ocorrência de tuberculose pulmonar e/ ou extrapulmonar em 65% dos casos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da utilização do antígeno Hsp-X em um ensaio imunoenzimático para determinação da presença de TBP em indivíduos com derrame pleural. Para o estudo foram utilizadas 132 amostras de soro e líquido pleural (LP) de pacientes com derrame pleural. Destas, 97 amostras eram de pacientes TBP e 35 de pacientes com outras doenças não tuberculosas (NTBP) (28 pacientes por câncer metastático, 1 pacientes por insuficiência cardíaca congestiva, 2 paciente por insuficiência hepática, 1 paciente por lúpus eritematoso sistêmico e 3 pacientes por derrames parapneumônicos). Os níveis de IgM do LP foram mais elevados nos pacientes com TBP do que os NTBP, a sensibilidade do ELISA para do LP de 42%, para a especificidade de 83%. Os ensaios para pesquisa de IgG, do soro e do LP, contra o antígeno Hsp-X não foram eficazes em discriminar pacientes com TBP de outras doenças, a sensibilidade encontrada foi de 13% e 16%, utilizando o soro e o LP, respectivamente, para a mesma especificidade de 83%. A densidade óptica dos ensaios para pesquisa de IgA, específicos para o antígeno rHsp-X, foi mais elevada nos pacientes TBP do que os NTBP, o ELISA com a IgA do LP foi melhor que o ELISA do soro, a sensibilidade foi de 65% e 39%, respectivamente, para a mesma especificidade de 83%. Concluímos que o reconhecimento de Hsp-X recombinante de Mycobacterium tuberculosis pelos anticorpos IgA do LP de pacientes com TBP indicam que esse antígeno poderá ser utilizado para o desenvolvimento de um teste de diagnóstico complementar para casos de TBP. Estudos adicionais precisam ser realizados para confirmar tal hipótese.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

A proteína de choque térmico Hsp90 é uma chaperone molecular encontrada no citosol. O cDNA incompleto desta proteína foi isolado de uma biblioteca construída a partir de mRNA de células de esporulação de B. emersonii submetidas a choque térmico. Um clone genômico contendo a seqüência completa do gene hsp90 também foi isolado, seqüenciado e caracterizado. A região codificadora do gene hsp90 é interrompida por um único íntron de 184 nucleotídeos. A seqüência de aminoácidos deduzida indicou uma proteína de 71 O resíduos, com massa molecular calculada de 80.792 Da e um pl médio de 4,85. Experimentos de extensão de oligonucleotídeo e RACE-PCR demonstraram um sítio único de início de transcrição localizado a -65 e -70 nucleotídeos do ATG da metionina iniciadora, respectivamente. Motivos similares ao consenso do elemento de choque térmico eucariótico (HSE) e do elemento responsivo a estresse (STRE) foram encontrados na região promotora do gene a -395 e -98 nucleotídeos do ATG, respectivamente. Experimentos de \"Northern blot\" revelaram que o mRNA para a Hsp90 apresenta níveis máximos aos 90 minutos da fase de esporulação do fungo. Análise por \"western blot\" mostrou que a proteína Hsp90 está presente durante todo o ciclo de vida do fungo e os níveis máximos de acúmulo foram observados aos 90 minutos da esporulação, indicando um controle transcricional do gene. Tanto a proteína quanto o mRNA são altamente induzidos quando as células são submetidas a choque térmico e a cádmio. As proteínas Hsp60 e Hsp10 são chaperones moleculares mitocondriais (chaperoninas). Os cDNAs completos destas proteínas foram isolados e totalmente seqüenciados. A seqüência de aminoácidos deduzida da Hsp60 corresponde a uma proteína de 559 resíduos, com massa molecular calculada em 58.741 Da e um pl médio de 8, 7. Experimentos de \"Northern blot\" revelaram que o mRNA para Hsp60 tem níveis máximos de expressão aos 90 minutos da esporulação. Análise por \"western blot\" mostrou que a Hsp60 está presente durante todo o ciclo de vida do fungo, com níveis máximos da proteína 90 minutos após a indução da esporulação. Tanto a proteína quanto o mRNA são bastante induzidos quando as células são submetidas ao choque térmico. A seqüência de aminoácidos deduzida da Hsp10 corresponde um polipeptídeo de 101 resíduos com massa molecular calculada em 10.688 Da e um pl médio de 6,25. Experimentos de \"Northern blot\" revelaram que o mRNA para Hsp10 tem níveis máximos de expressão aos 120 minutos da germinação e é bastante induzido quando as células são submetidas ao choque térmico. / The heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a cytosolic molecular chaperone. The incomplete cDNA of this protein was isolated by immunoblot screening of a heat shock cDNA expression library. The complete genomic clone was also isolated and completely sequenced and characterized. The coding sequence is interrupted by a single intron with 184 nucleotides. The deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to a 710-residue polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 80,792 Da and an average pl of 4.85. Primer extension and RACE-PCR experiments demonstrated a single transcription start site localized -65 and -70 nucleotides from de ATG of the initiator methionine, respectively. Sequence motifs resembling the standard eukaryotic heat shock element (HSE) and the stress responsive element (STRE) were evident in the regulatory region -395 and -98 nucleotides from de ATG, respectively. Northern blot analysis revealed that the Hsp90 mRNA presents maximum levels by 90 minutes of the sporulation stage. Immunoblot analysis indicated that the Hsp90 is present during the entire life cycle of the fungus and maximum levels were observed 90 minutes after the induction of sporulation, indicating a transcriptional control. During heat shock both the mRNA and the Hsp90 protein are highly induced. Proteins Hsp60 and Hsp10, are mitochondrial molecular chaperones (chaperonines). The complete cDNAs encoding these proteins were and completely sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence for Hsp60 corresponds to a 559-residue polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 58,741 Da and an average pl of 8.7. Immunoblot analysis showed that Hsp60 is present during the entire life cycle of the fungus and presents maximum levels by 90 minutes of the sporulation. Northern blot analysis indicated maximum levels of the Hsp60 mRNA by 90 minutes of sporulation too. Both mRNA and the protein are highly induced during heat shock. The deduced amino acid sequence for Hsp10 corresponds to a 101-residue polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 10,688 Da and an average pl of 6.25. Northern blot analysis indicated maximum mRNA levels by 120 minutes of germination and high levels of expression when the cells are exposed to heat shock.

Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-20T15:01:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria das Dores Silva Araujo.pdf: 1103464 bytes, checksum: 33d8b7521bd95fb838807bafe1acb96d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-20T15:01:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria das Dores Silva Araujo.pdf: 1103464 bytes, checksum: 33d8b7521bd95fb838807bafe1acb96d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Heat stress is a factor that contributes to the reduction of productivity of dairy cows around the world. The demand for animals adapted to produce best in environments that present temperatures which can lead to heat stress is an aspect of great importance for dairy production in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of HSP-70.1 gene and associated polymorphisms found for production performance of dairy cows in the Brazilian semiarid region. The study was conducted with purebred Holstein, Girolando (5/8 H-G) and Sindi, belonging to herds managed by the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, Experimental station of São Bento do Una and Arcoverde and the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Petrolina respectively. Initially was held the collects of biological material, then the extraction of DNA, gene amplification, digestion with restriction enzymes (EcoRII) followed by electrophoresis and photo documentation. We evaluated the genetic variability, the standard diversity index and the analysis of molecular variance between and within herds. Then it verified the association of polymorphisms on milk production traits. The results allowed the identification of seven polymorphisms with some standards being shared among the herds. The greatest similarities were found between the standards of the Holstein and Sindi cattle. The genetic differentiation index observed high levels of differentiation both between and within herds. Through variance analysis identified the factors that influenced in average production. Significant differences for the variable milk production were observed through the multiple comparison test of means, with the herds presenting different patterns of higher polymorphisms. Knowledge of the genetic variability of HSP-70.1 gene is to greatly contribute to the state of cattle milk, supporting the rise of racial pattern of herds and enabling the exploitation of the different responses provided under conditions of heat stress. / O estresse térmico é um dos fatores que mais contribui para a redução da produtividade de vacas leiteiras em todo o mundo. A busca por animais adaptados a produzirem melhor em ambientes que apresentam temperaturas que podem levar ao estresse térmico é um aspecto de grande relevância para a produção leiteira do Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genética do gene HSP-70.1 e associar os polimorfismos encontrados ao desempenho produtivo de vacas leiteiras no semiárido brasileiro. O trabalho foi realizado com animais puro das raças Holandês, Girolando (5/8H-G) e Sindi, pertencentes a rebanhos administrados pelo Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco, Estação Experimental de São Bento do Una e de Arcoverde e Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Petrolina, respectivamente. Inicialmente realizou-se as coletas do material biológico, em seguida extração do DNA, amplificação do gene, digestão com enzimas de restrição (EcoRII) seguidos por eletroforese e fotodocumentação. Avaliou-se a variabilidade genética, o índice de diversidade padrão e a analise de variância molecular entre e dentro dos rebanhos. Em seguida foi verificada a associação dos polimorfismos sobre as características de produção de leite. Os resultados permitiram a identificação de sete polimorfismos com alguns padrões sendo compartilhados entre os rebanhos. As maiores semelhanças foram encontradas entre os padrões dos rebanhos Holandês e Sindi. O índice de diferenciação genética observou altos níveis de diferenciação tanto entre, quanto dentro dos rebanhos. Através da análise de variância identificou-se os fatores que influenciaram nas médias de produção. Diferenças significativas para a variável produção de leite foram observadas através do teste de comparação múltipla de médias, com os rebanhos apresentando padrões de polimorfismos superiores diferentes. O conhecimento da variabilidade genética do gene HSP-70.1 vem a contribuir grandemente com a bovinocultura de leite do Estado, apoiando a elevação do padrão racial dos rebanhos e possibilitando a exploração das diferentes respostas apresentadas sob condições de estresse térmico por calor.

La chaperonine CCT/TriC tient un rôle central dans le maintien de la protéostase cellulaire. Elle compte parmi ses clientes un grand nombre de protéines impliquées de près ou de loin dans la régulation du cycle comme l’actine, la tubuline et la cycline E. afin de mieux comprendre l’implication de la CCT/TriC dans la cancérogenèse, nous avons quantifié, dans 18 lignées cellulaires tumorales, une lignée issue d’un tissu sain et un tissu sain, ses taux d’expression et son activité. Nos résultats indiquent que l’expression de la CCT/TriC n’est pas toujours corrélée à son activité. Nous avons dans un second temps, documenté l’expression de ces partenaires/modulateurs d’activité, préfoldine, PhLP3, Hop/p60, Hsp/c70 et leur influence sur son activité. Nos résultats montrent que l’activité de la CCT/TriC pourrait être régulée à travers les variations des niveaux d’expression de la préfoldine et/ ou Hsp/c 70. Enfin, nous avons montré que dans les cellules qui se divisent le plus lentement, l’activité de la CCT/TRiC est la plus faible. Ces observations montrent que les variations de l’activité de la CCT/TriC pourraient constituer un point de contrôle dans la prolifération cellulaire maligne. / The molecular chaperone CCT/TRiC plays a central role in maintaining cellular proteostasis. It mediates the folding of lot of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation as the major cytoskeletal proteins tubulins and actins and the oncoprotein cyclin E. To assess the involvement of CCT/TRiC in tumor genesis, we quantified its expression levels and activity in 18 cancer, one non-cancer human cell lines and a non-cancer human liver. We show that the expression levels of CCT/TRiC in cancer cell lines are higher than that in normal cells. However, CCT/TRiC activity does not always correlate with its expression levels. We therefore documented the expression levels of CCT/TRiC modulators and partners PhLP3, Hop/P60, prefoldin and Hsp/Hsc70. Our analysis reveals a functional interplay between molecular chaperones that might account for a precise modulation of CCT/TRiC activity in cell proliferation through changes in the cellular levels of prefoldin and/or Hsc/p70 and CCT/TRiC client protein availability. Finally, our study reveals that cells with the longest doubling time host the smallest CCT/TRiC activity suggesting that CCT/TRiC-mediated client protein folding constitutes a bottle-neck in cancer cell proliferation. Our observation and approaches bring novel insights in the role of CCT/TRiC-mediated protein folding machinery in cancer cell development.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

A proteína de choque térmico Hsp90 é uma chaperone molecular encontrada no citosol. O cDNA incompleto desta proteína foi isolado de uma biblioteca construída a partir de mRNA de células de esporulação de B. emersonii submetidas a choque térmico. Um clone genômico contendo a seqüência completa do gene hsp90 também foi isolado, seqüenciado e caracterizado. A região codificadora do gene hsp90 é interrompida por um único íntron de 184 nucleotídeos. A seqüência de aminoácidos deduzida indicou uma proteína de 71 O resíduos, com massa molecular calculada de 80.792 Da e um pl médio de 4,85. Experimentos de extensão de oligonucleotídeo e RACE-PCR demonstraram um sítio único de início de transcrição localizado a -65 e -70 nucleotídeos do ATG da metionina iniciadora, respectivamente. Motivos similares ao consenso do elemento de choque térmico eucariótico (HSE) e do elemento responsivo a estresse (STRE) foram encontrados na região promotora do gene a -395 e -98 nucleotídeos do ATG, respectivamente. Experimentos de \"Northern blot\" revelaram que o mRNA para a Hsp90 apresenta níveis máximos aos 90 minutos da fase de esporulação do fungo. Análise por \"western blot\" mostrou que a proteína Hsp90 está presente durante todo o ciclo de vida do fungo e os níveis máximos de acúmulo foram observados aos 90 minutos da esporulação, indicando um controle transcricional do gene. Tanto a proteína quanto o mRNA são altamente induzidos quando as células são submetidas a choque térmico e a cádmio. As proteínas Hsp60 e Hsp10 são chaperones moleculares mitocondriais (chaperoninas). Os cDNAs completos destas proteínas foram isolados e totalmente seqüenciados. A seqüência de aminoácidos deduzida da Hsp60 corresponde a uma proteína de 559 resíduos, com massa molecular calculada em 58.741 Da e um pl médio de 8, 7. Experimentos de \"Northern blot\" revelaram que o mRNA para Hsp60 tem níveis máximos de expressão aos 90 minutos da esporulação. Análise por \"western blot\" mostrou que a Hsp60 está presente durante todo o ciclo de vida do fungo, com níveis máximos da proteína 90 minutos após a indução da esporulação. Tanto a proteína quanto o mRNA são bastante induzidos quando as células são submetidas ao choque térmico. A seqüência de aminoácidos deduzida da Hsp10 corresponde um polipeptídeo de 101 resíduos com massa molecular calculada em 10.688 Da e um pl médio de 6,25. Experimentos de \"Northern blot\" revelaram que o mRNA para Hsp10 tem níveis máximos de expressão aos 120 minutos da germinação e é bastante induzido quando as células são submetidas ao choque térmico. / The heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a cytosolic molecular chaperone. The incomplete cDNA of this protein was isolated by immunoblot screening of a heat shock cDNA expression library. The complete genomic clone was also isolated and completely sequenced and characterized. The coding sequence is interrupted by a single intron with 184 nucleotides. The deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to a 710-residue polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 80,792 Da and an average pl of 4.85. Primer extension and RACE-PCR experiments demonstrated a single transcription start site localized -65 and -70 nucleotides from de ATG of the initiator methionine, respectively. Sequence motifs resembling the standard eukaryotic heat shock element (HSE) and the stress responsive element (STRE) were evident in the regulatory region -395 and -98 nucleotides from de ATG, respectively. Northern blot analysis revealed that the Hsp90 mRNA presents maximum levels by 90 minutes of the sporulation stage. Immunoblot analysis indicated that the Hsp90 is present during the entire life cycle of the fungus and maximum levels were observed 90 minutes after the induction of sporulation, indicating a transcriptional control. During heat shock both the mRNA and the Hsp90 protein are highly induced. Proteins Hsp60 and Hsp10, are mitochondrial molecular chaperones (chaperonines). The complete cDNAs encoding these proteins were and completely sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence for Hsp60 corresponds to a 559-residue polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 58,741 Da and an average pl of 8.7. Immunoblot analysis showed that Hsp60 is present during the entire life cycle of the fungus and presents maximum levels by 90 minutes of the sporulation. Northern blot analysis indicated maximum levels of the Hsp60 mRNA by 90 minutes of sporulation too. Both mRNA and the protein are highly induced during heat shock. The deduced amino acid sequence for Hsp10 corresponds to a 101-residue polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 10,688 Da and an average pl of 6.25. Northern blot analysis indicated maximum mRNA levels by 120 minutes of germination and high levels of expression when the cells are exposed to heat shock.

Studiens syfte var att få en fördjupad förståelse för hur högkänsliga personer upplever att personlighetsdraget påverkar olika relationer och sociala situationer i dagens sociala samhälle. Data samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med nio personer som definierar sig som högkänsliga. Informanternas svar analyserades sedan i en tematisk analys för att få fram en överblick över deras upplevelser. Resultatet indikerar att personlighetsdraget påverkar relationerna med andra på många olika sätt, bland annat genom högkänsligas förmåga att läsa av andra, deras djupa bearbetning och deras behov av att undvika överstimulering. Det framkom även att högkänsligas egenskaper inte alltid accepteras eller förstås av omgivningen. / The aim of this study was to get an immersed understanding of how highly sensitive people experience that the personality trait affects various relationships and social situations in today’s social society. Data were collected through semi structured interviews with nine people defining themselves as HSP. The answers from the informants were thereafter analyzed using thematic content analysis to get an overview of their experiences. The result indicates that the personality trait affects the relationships with others in various ways, for example by the ability of the highly sensitive to understand others, their deep processing and their need to avoid overstimulation. It also emerged that the characteristics of the highly sensitive people were not always accepted or understood by the surroundings.