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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

The Role of Human Antigen R (HuR) in Pathological Cardiac Remodeling

Green, Lisa 24 May 2022 (has links)
No description available.
32

Samlingens betydande roll i förskolan - En studie om pedagogers uppfattningar av momentet samling

Karlsson, Charlotta, Jönsson Persson, Josefin January 2020 (has links)
Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka pedagogers syn på samlingens syfte, innehåll och form, samt att studera deras syn på barns inflytande under samlingen. Vår studie har utgått från frågeställningarna: När beskriver pedagogerna att samlingen sker i förskolan? Hur beskriver pedagogerna samlingens form i förskolan? Vad beskriver pedagogerna att samlingen har för innehåll i förskolan? Varför beskriver pedagogerna att samlingen används i förskolan? Vårt arbete börjar med en inledning där vi lyfter fram olika uppfattningar av samlingen. Därefter går vi igenom den tidigare forskning vi kopplat till vårt syfte med studien, där vi uppmärksammar styrning, undervisning, struktur, delaktighet och inflytande som olika aspekter av samlingen som moment. Med utgångspunkt i de didaktiska frågorna presenteras sedan valda teoretiska perspektiv och analytiska begrepp. Vi går därefter vidare till att beskriva den kombinerade ansats vi valt att ta avstamp i. Vi presenterar en kvantitativ enkätstudie med en kvalitativ tolkning samt övriga metoder som vi använt oss av för att samla in material för studien.För majoriteten av våra respondenter ansågs samlingen ha en betydelsefull roll för verksamheten, där delaktighet, inflytande och undervisning beskrevs som centrala delar. Resultatet av studien visar att det finns en stor variation gällande syftet med samlingen i förskolan. Samlingens innehåll och form skapas till följd av samlingens syfte. På så sätt synliggör resultatet också hur de didaktiska frågorna verkar tillsammans och bildar en helhet.
33

Partikelavlagring i ventilationssystem vid brand : Hur påverkar det igensättningen av ventilationsfilter / Particle deposition in ventilation system during fire : How does it affect the clogging of ventilation filters

Engwall, Ludvig, Engwall, Pontus January 2019 (has links)
Fläkt-i-drift är ett ventilationstekniskt brandskydd, som nyttjar frånluftsfläkten för att tryckavlasta ett brandrum och därmed förhindra brandgasspridning. Ett problem för dessa system är att ventilationsfilter riskerar att sätta igen, då brandrök transporteras genom systemet. (Svensk Ventilation, 2018) Laborationer visar att ventilationsfilter sätter igen fort av brandrök, men problemet har inte varit omfattande i verkligheten. Det kan bero på att partiklar från branden avlagras i ventilationskanalerna. (Eriksson, 2019) Syftet med rapporten är att studera partikelavlagring i ventilationssystem och utvärdera om det kan vara en påverkande faktor till varför laborativa tester skiljer sig från verkligheten. Ytterligare ett syfte är att skapa en korrelationsfaktor mellan dieselrök och teststoftet ISO A2 Fine. En korrelationsfaktor beskriver sambandet mellan brandrök och teststoft, vid igensättning av filter. Rapporten är baserad på undersökningar i laborativa ventilationssystem uppbyggda hos Camfil AB i Trosa. I resultaten redovisas att partikelavlagring är en faktor som påverkar igensättning av ventilationsfilter. När ventilationssystemet blir längre och mer komplicerat, ökar avlagringen och därmed minskar igensättningen. Den framtagna korrelationsfaktorn redovisar sambandet mellan dieselrök och ISO A2 Fine för ett tryckfall på 300 Pa över ett filter. I arbetets analys och slutsats diskuteras resultatens pålitlighet. Vidare beskrivs faktorer som det här arbetet inte har haft möjligheten att undersöka och det uppmanas till vidare forskning inom detta område. / Fan-in-operation is a ventilation-technical fire protection that uses the exhaust fan to relieve a fire room and thereby prevent the spread of fire gas. A problem for these systems is that the ventilation filters risk to be clogged, as fire smoke is transported through the system. (Svensk Ventilation, 2018) Laboratory work shows that ventilation filters can’t hold a lot of smoke, but the problem has not been extensive. This may be because particles from the fire are deposited in the ventilation ducts. (Eriksson, 2019) The purpose of the report is to study particle deposition in ventilation systems and evaluate whether it can be an influencing factor for why laboratory tests differ from reality. Another purpose is to create a correlation factor between diesel smoke and the test dust ISO A2 Fine. A correlation factor describes the relationship between fire smoke and test dust, regarding the clogging of filters. The report is based on studies in laboratory ventilation systems built up at Camfil AB in Trosa. The results show that particle deposition is a factor that influences clogging of ventilation filters. As the ventilation system becomes longer and more complicated, the deposit increases and thus reduces the clogging. The resulting correlation factor shows the relationship between diesel smoke and ISO A2 Fine for a pressure drop of 300 Pa over a filter. In the analysis and conclusion of the work, the reliability of the results is discussed. Furthermore, factors are described which this work has not had the opportunity to investigate and it is encouraged to further research in this area.
34

Bestämning av teckningskursen vid riktade emissioner i noterade bolag / Determination of the subscription price for directed issues in listed companies

Azimi, Ramin Ferdos January 2023 (has links)
No description available.
35

Computational Analysis of the Interplay Between RNA Structure and Function

Shatoff, Elan Arielle January 2021 (has links)
No description available.
36

Hur ser framtiden ut för OCR?

Lund, Mikael January 2007 (has links)
Examensarbetet handlar om OCR (Optical Character Recognition). OCR-tekniken går utpå att konvertera inskannade bilder från maskinskriven eller handskriven text (siffror, bokstäver och symboler) till datorformat.Syftet med detta examensarbete är att utforska OCRs framtid och vilka användningsområden som finns idag för tekniken. Det intressanta är att se hur OCR klarar sig när mer och mer material är digitala.Genomförandet till detta examensarbete har gjorts med information från böcker, Internet,mejl och genom att tittat närmare på ett företag inom den grafiska branschen som använder sig av OCR, nämligen Aftonbladet. Jag har även testat ett OCR-program, ABBYYsFineReader 8 och gjort tester med några testteman, exempelvis matematiktest och olikatester på artiklar från några tidningar.Mina slutsatser är att OCR har en framtid men tekniken har en del förbättringsmöjligheter,exempelvis tolkning av handskrivna texter. OCR kan finnas kvar även när mer och mermaterial blir digitala om det integreras i befintliga tekniker, som i ett spam-filter för att tolka texten i bilden. Den nuvarande OCR-tekniken fungerar bra om materialet ärmaskinskrivet och i bra skick men den måste bli bättre på att tolka handskrivna texter för att kunna användas vid arkiveringsbehov av sådana texter. / My examination subject is about OCR (Optical Character Recognition). The idea of OCRtechnology is to convert scanned images of machine-printed or handwritten text (numerals, letters and symbols) into a computer-processable format.The purpose of my examination subject is to explore the future of OCR and why to use it today. It’s interesting to see if OCR survives when more and more material is digital.The implementations to the examination subject have been made from books, Internet, e-mail and I have discovered how a company in the graphic industry are using OCR, namely Aftonbladet.I have also tested an OCR-program, ABBYYs FineReader 8, and done some testing with some testthemes, for example mathematics test and different tests on articles from a few magazines.My conclusions are that OCR has a future but the technology needs some improvements, forexample interpreting handwritten texts. OCR can exist, even when more and more material is digital, if its integrated with existing technologies, for example with a spam-filter to interpret the text within in the picture. The current OCR-technology works fine with machine-printed material, and when the document quality is good. However it needs to be on handwritten text to be used forarchiving needs.
37

Cellular Mechanisms of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Interleukin-19

England, Ross N. January 2015 (has links)
BACKGROUND: Atherosclerotic vascular disease is a significant medical and socioeconomic problem and contributes to mortality in multiple diseases including myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, renal failure, and peripheral vascular disease. Atherosclerosis, as well as other vascular diseases including post-intervention restenosis and allograft vasculopathy, is known to be driven by chronic inflammation and, consequently, pro- and anti-inflammatory cell signaling molecules have been an important target of cardiovascular research. Interleukin (IL)-19 is a recently discovered member of the IL-10 family of anti-inflammatory cytokines. IL-19 is expressed in injured vascular cells, including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), where it exerts an anti-inflammatory effect. In VSMCs, IL-19 signaling results in inhibition of proliferation, migration, spreading, production of reactive oxygen species (ROSs), and expression of pro-inflammatory genes. In ECs, IL-19 signaling is pro-angiogenic and results in increased EC proliferation, migration, and spreading. AIMS and HYPOTHESIS: The goal of the present study was to explore the hypothesis that IL-19 mediates anti-inflammatory effects on vascular cells by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, such intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, IL-1β, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, through modulation of the mRNA stability factor HuR by post- transcriptional (e.g., microRNA) and post-translational (e.g., serine phosphorylation) mechanisms. METHODS and RESULTS: We found that IL-19 can significantly inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-driven ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA and protein abundance in cultured human coronary artery ECs (p < 0.01). IL-19 treatment of ECs, but not monocytes, significantly inhibited monocyte adhesion to cultured EC monolayers (p < 0.01). In wild-type mice, systemic administration of IL-19 significantly reduced TNF-α-induced leukocyte rolling and adhesion as quantitated by intravital microscopy (p < 0.05). IL-19 failed to inhibit TNF-α-induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in ECs. IL-19 inhibited nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation of HuR and significantly reduced mRNA stability of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (p < 0.01 ). IL-19 significantly inhibited serine-phosphorylation of HuR, which is required for its translocation, and significantly increased expression of the putative HuR regulator microRNA (miR)-133 in VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS: These data are the first to report that IL-19 can reduce leukocyte-EC interactions, and to propose reduction in HuR-mediated mRNA stability of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 as a mechanism. We conclude that expression of IL-19 by ECs and VSMCs may represent an auto-regulatory mechanism to promote resolution of the vascular response to inflammation. These results suggest that IL-19 is anti-inflammatory in vascular cells and, therefore, may be of therapeutic value in atherosclerotic vascular disease. / Physiology
38

Necessity of HuR/ELAVL1 for activation-induced cytidine deaminase-dependent decrease in topoisomerase 1 in antibody diversification / 抗体多様化においてHuR/ELAVL1はactivation-induced cytidine deaminase依存性のtopoisomerase1の減少に必要である

AMIN, WAJID 24 July 2023 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第24833号 / 医博第5001号 / 新制||医||1067(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 生田, 宏一, 教授 上野, 英樹, 教授 濵﨑, 洋子 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
39

Deciphering ColQ induced mechanisms in the control of AChR mRNA levels / Déchiffrement des mécanismes induits par ColQ dans le contrôle des niveaux d'ARNm AChR

Karmouch, Jennifer 09 April 2014 (has links)
ColQ est un collagène spécifique qui ancre l’acétylcholinestérase (AChE) dans la fente synaptique de la jonction neuromusculaire (JNM). L'importance du complexe AChE-ColQ dans la physiologie humaine de cette synapse est soulignée par l’identification de mutations dans le gène codant pour ColQ qui conduisent à un syndrome myasthénique congénital (SMC) associé à une déficience en AChE. Le déficit en AChE a, jusqu’à présent, été considéré comme l’unique facteur responsable des symptômes observés chez les patients ainsi que des défauts de la JMN chez le modèle de souris SMC (souris déficiente pour ColQ). Toutefois, ces symptômes sont complexes et l’absence d’AChE ne peut probablement pas expliquer tous les symptômes. Nous avons montré auparavant que ColQ participait à la formation de la synapse ce qui expliquerait les symptômes observés chez les patients et la souris modèle. En effet, nous avons pu montrer que ColQ contrôle l’agrégation du récepteur à l’acétylcholine (RACh) et de l’expression de gènes spécifiques de la synapse. En particulier, nous avons montré in vitro et in vivo, que l’absence de ColQ induit une augmentation du niveau des ARNm codant pour toutes les sous-unités de RACh et une expression réduite du niveau de leurs protéines. Des résultats préliminaires indiquent que cette augmentation de ces ARNm n’est pas transcriptionnelle. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’expliquer les mécanismes qui induisent l’augmentation du niveau des ARNm de AChR en l’absence de ColQ et les voies de signalisation qui relient ColQ au métabolisme des ARN du RACh. Notre hypothèse de travail a été que l'absence de ColQ stimule la stabilisation post-transcriptionnelle des ARNm codant pour les sous-unités du RACh via la protéine HuR. HuR est une protéine qui stabilise les ARNm quand elle se fixe sur les AU-richelement (ARE) dans la séquence 3’UTR. HuR est une protéine clé dans la myogenèse et la formation de la JNM parce qu’elle stabilise de manière post-transcriptionnelle de nombreux transcrits tels que myogénine, MyoD et AChE. Dans cette étude, nous montrons pour la première fois qu’un mécanisme post-transcriptionnel de stabilisation des ARNm est responsable de l’augmentation du niveau des ARNm du RACh via ColQ. De plus, nous constatons qu’en absence de ColQ, il y a une augmentation aux niveaux d’ARNm et de protéine de HuR. HuR est également capable de se lier au domaine ARE dans le 3’UTR des ARNm des sous-unités de AChR. De plus, l’interaction entre HuR et les ARNm du RACh augmente la stabilité et par conséquence les niveaux des transcrits du RACh. Trois conclusions importantes ressortent de ma thèse : nous démontrons que (1) en plus de la régulation transcriptionnelle, il existe des mécanismes de régulation post-transcriptionnlle du RACh (2) ColQ régule la stabilité des ARNm RACh via HuR médiée par MuSK (3) la voie de signalisation p38 contrôle les niveaux de HuR de manière dépendante de ColQ. Ensemble, ces résultats donnent un aperçu des voies de signalisation du muscle qui sont affectées par les mutations de ColQ conduisant à des SMC avec une déficience en AChE. Nos résultats mettront en évidence des nouvelles cibles moléculaires spécifiques qui peuvent conduire au développement des interventions thérapeutiques dans le cadre de myasthénies congénitales. / ColQ is a specific collagen that anchors acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the synaptic cleft of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The importance of AChE-ColQ complex in the physiology of this synapse has been highlighted by the identification of COLQ mutations in the human gene, leading to a congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) with AChE deficiency. The lack of AChE has been incriminated for the symptoms observed in patients along with NMJ defects in the CMS mouse model (ColQ-deficient). However, symptoms observed in the patients and mouse model of CMS with AChE deficiency are complex and AChE deficiency cannot account for all of them. We have demonstrated that ColQ could play a role per se in synapse formation which would explain some of the defects observed in patients and model mice. Indeed, we have shown that ColQ controls the clustering of Acetylcholine Receptors (AChR) and the expression of a number of specific synaptic genes. The most striking effect of the absence of ColQ is an upregulation of all AChR subunit mRNAs correlated by an increase in their protein levels. Preliminary results indicate that AChR mRNA upregulation is not transcriptional. This thesis deciphers the mechanisms that drive AChR mRNA upregulation in the absence of ColQ and the pathways that connect ColQ to the AChR RNA metabolism. Accordingly, we hypothesize that the absence of ColQ induces an upregulation of the stabilization of AChR subunit mRNAs, a post-transcriptional mechanism mediated by HuR. HuR is an RNA binding protein which stabilizes its target transcript by binding AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3’UTR. HuR is critical during skeletal myogenesis and post-synaptic NMJ formation due to its stabilization of such transcripts as myogenin, MyoD and AChE. In this study, we show for the first time that a post-transcriptional mechanism of AChR mRNA stabilization is responsible for the ColQ mediated increase of AChR mRNAs. In support of these findings, the absence of ColQ also increased HuR mRNA and protein levels. We demonstrate that HuR is capable of binding to conserved ARE elements in the 3’UTR of AChR subunit mRNA. HuR’s interaction with AChR mRNA increased the stability of the transcripts, resulting in an increase in mRNA levels. Three major conclusions emerge from my thesis: we provide evidence that (1) in addition to transcriptional and assembly regulation of AChR, post-transcriptional mechanisms of AChR mRNA exist (2) ColQ regulates HuR mediated AChR stability through MuSK and (3) the p38 signalling pathway controls the levels of HuR in a ColQ dependent manner. Collectively, our data provides insight into the muscle signaling pathways which are affected by ColQ mutations leading to CMS with AChE deficiency. Thus, we have identified specific new molecular targets that may become important for the development of therapeutic interventions for patients with CMS.
40

Novel prognostic biomarkers for renal cell carcinoma

Ronkainen, H.-L. (Hanna-Leena) 13 March 2012 (has links)
Abstract Background and aims: Stage and grade are the most widely used prognostic parameters for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The clinical course of this disease is not, however, always predictable by traditional prognostic factors. In the era of new molecular targeted therapies a more accurate prognostication of RCC patient survival is important for the individualization of treatment and follow-up of patients. Despite exhaustive research there are still no prognostic biomarkers for RCC in clinical practice. In order to find novel prognostic tissue markers for RCC, we examined the expression of 14 biomarkers involved in carcinogenesis and clarified their prognostic significance in RCC. Material and methods: Out of 189 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for kidney cancer at Oulu University Hospital in the 1990s, 152 patients with histologically verified RCC were included in this study. The stage distribution was 70 (46%), 12 (8%), 51 (34%) and 19 (12%) patients with stages I-IV, respectively. The majority of the tumours (83 tumours, 55%) were nuclear grade II and 5 (3%), 40 (27%) and 22 (15%) of the tumours were grades I, III and IV, respectively. Clinical and follow-up data were obtained from patient records, the Finnish Cancer Registry and on demand from the Population Register Centre of Finland. The biomarkers studied included markers of the oxidative and neuroendocrine systems as well as proteins related to cell adhesion and migration, invasion, metastasis, inflammation and immune responses. The expression of various biomarkers was characterized via immunohistochemical tests of archival tumour material. The staining intensity was compared to clinicopathological parameters and patient RCC-specific survival. Results: The 5-year RCC-specific survival was 77%. The expression of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) was an independent marker of favourable RCC-specific survival whereas cytoplasmic myosin VI expression was found to be an independent prognostic factor of poor RCC-specific survival. Cell culture experiments showed how cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is regulated by HuR in RCC. HuR and COX-2 immunoexpression were also related to decreased RCC-specific survival. Immunostaining of Keap1 was associated with advanced RCC and a marker of a poorer RCC-specific prognosis. The expression of different neuroendocrine markers was evaluated but we could not establish any prognostic value for them. Conclusions: In particular, TLR9, HuR and myosin VI can be regarded as promising novel prognostic biomarkers in RCC. Stage, however, is the most important single prognostic factor for RCC. / Tiivistelmä Munuaissyöpä on vuosikymmenten ajan jatkuvasti yleistynyt. Vaikka se diagnosoidaan nykyisin useimmiten sattumalöydöksenä vatsan alueen kuvantamistutkimuksissa ja hoitomenetelmät ovat viime vuosikymmenten aikana kehittyneet, munuaissyöpäkuolleisuus ei ole laskenut. Munuaissyövän ennusteen määrittäminen voi olla haasteellista. Perinteiset ennustetekijät, levinneisyys ja erilaistumisaste, eivät riitä selittämään kaikkien potilaiden taudinkulkua, eikä munuaissyövälle vielä ole kliinisessä käytössä ennusteellista merkkiainetta. Munuaissyöpähoitojen kehittyessä taudinkulun ennustaminen on yhä tärkeämpää, jotta potilaiden hoito ja seuranta voidaan yksilöidä. Tämän väitöskirjatyön tarkoituksena oli etsiä uusia ennusteellisia kudosmerkkiaineita munuaissyöpäkasvaimille. Väitöskirjatutkimus perustuu 1990-luvulla Oulun yliopistollisessa sairaalassa leikatun 152 munuaissyöpäpotilaan aineistoon. Lähes puolet aineiston kasvaimista edusti levinneisyysluokkaa I, ja yli puolet munuaissyöpäkasvaimista oli hyvin erilaistuneita (tumagradus I ja II). Tutkimuspotilaista kerättiin kattavat seurantatiedot. Leikkauksessa poistettujen munuaissyöpäkasvainten arkistomateriaalista tutkittiin eri merkkiaineiden ilmenemistä. Tutkitut merkkiaineet käsittivät oksidatiivisen ja neuroendokriinisen järjestelmän merkkiaineita sekä valkuaisaineita, jotka liittyvät keskeisiin syövän ominaisuuksiin, kuten solujen välisiin liitoksiin ja solujen liikkumiseen sekä etäpesäkkeiden syntymiseen. Lisäksi tutkittiin merkkiaineita, jotka liittyvät tulehdusreaktioihin ja immuunipuolustukseen. Väitöskirjatutkimus paljasti useita uusia kudosmerkkiaineita, joiden ilmeneminen munuaissyöpäkasvaimessa on yhteydessä potilaan ennusteeseen. Näistä merkittävimpiä ovat myosiini VI, joka liittyy syöpäkasvainten metastasointiin, sekä immuunipuolustuksessa vaikuttava Tollin kaltainen reseptori 9 (Toll-like receptor 9, TLR9). Molemmat merkkiaineet osoittautuivat itsenäisiksi ennustetekijöiksi munuaissyövässä. Muita ennusteeseen vaikuttavia merkkiaineita ovat tutkimuksen mukaan oksidatiivista stressiä aistiva Keap1 sekä immunologisiin reaktioihin liittyvä syklo-oksigenaasi 2 (COX-2) ja sen ilmenemistä säätelevä HuR.

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