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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Avaliação das características genéticas de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) importantes na seleção de rainhas matrizes para a produção de mel / Evaluation of genetic characteristics of africanized bees (Apis mellifera L.), important in selecting matrix queens for honey production

Gomes, Renata Valéria Regis de Sousa 02 May 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-04-11T16:57:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RenataVRSG_TESE.pdf: 4187159 bytes, checksum: 1407c0df06b55e7b10b6605b6b21cbe7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-04-13T15:06:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RenataVRSG_TESE.pdf: 4187159 bytes, checksum: 1407c0df06b55e7b10b6605b6b21cbe7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-04-13T15:06:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RenataVRSG_TESE.pdf: 4187159 bytes, checksum: 1407c0df06b55e7b10b6605b6b21cbe7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-13T15:06:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RenataVRSG_TESE.pdf: 4187159 bytes, checksum: 1407c0df06b55e7b10b6605b6b21cbe7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work aimed to evaluate africanized bee (Apis mellifera L.) phenotypic characteristics, important in selecting matrix queens for honey production. Thirty africanized bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies were transferred from partner beekeeping apiaries in coastal zone and South Zona da Mata of Pernambuco to experimental apiary of Animal Science Department (AEDZ/UFRPE). Colonies were fortnightly evaluated in the period from January 2014 to February 2016 and data of 89 queens of colonies or families were recorded. Energy and protein food was provided in off-season period. Infestation rate in colonies with Varroa destructor and infection degree with Nosema were verified, as well as hygienic behavior, queen egg laying, defensiveness and honey production tests were carried out in the first experimental phase and selection index (IS) was obtained of analyzed colonies. For the 2nd experimental phase, 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation queens were produced; daughters of matrixes with IS ≥ 8.0 and honey production was evaluated. Sixty-two out of 89 queens observed died naturally, presenting average longevity of 6.4 ± 2.9 months. Natural reproduction peak period is between September and December. The queen perform egg laying all months of the year, and as temperature increases and humidity and rainfall decrease, queen oviposition intensity is higher; thus brood comb increases. The diet used showed economic viability, avoided swarm loss and stimulated queen egg laying. Low level of Varroatose (2.92% ± 2.02%) and low intensity of Nosema infection were found. Success in queen cell production was 98% in acceptance of transferred larvae. Genetic gain was observed of 0.7 Kg in honey production at colonies with 3rd generation queens; which represents increasing of 5.4% of honey production, related to matrix colonies and 49.2% compared to production in partner beekeeping apiaries. These results are very encouraging, leading us to believe in breeding program success, using the variables and calculation format for selection index used in this work and give us subsides for possible adjustments in management of production apiaries, in accordance with environmental conditions of this region, aiming at professional beekeeping growth and increased honey production / Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características fenotípicas de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) importantes na seleção de rainhas matrizes para a produção de mel. Foram transferidas 30 colônias de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) dos apiários de apicultores colaboradores da região do litoral e zona da mata sul de Pernambuco para o apiário experimental do Departamento de Zootecnia (AEDZ/UFRPE). As colônias foram avaliadas quinzenalmente no período de janeiro de 2014 a fevereiro de 2016 e foram registrados dados de 89 rainhas de colônias ou famílias. Foi administrado alimentação energética e proteica no período de entressafra. Foi verificado o nível de infestação das colônias com Varroa destructor e Nosema e realizado os testes de comportamento higiênico, postura da rainha, defensividade e produção de mel na 1ª fase experimental e obteve-se o índice de seleção (IS) das colônias analisadas. Para 2ª fase experimental foram produzidas rainhas de 1ª, 2ª e 3ª geração filhas das matrizes com IS ≥ 8,0 e avaliou-se a produção de mel. Das 89 rainhas observadas, 62 morreram naturalmente apresentando longevidade média de 6,4 ± 2,9 meses. A época de pico da reprodução natural é entre os meses de setembro a dezembro. A rainha realiza postura todos os meses do ano, sendo que à medida que a temperatura aumenta e a umidade e o índice pluviométrico diminuem, maior é a intensidade de ovoposição da rainha, consequentemente aumenta o número de quadros com crias. A dieta utilizada apresentou viabilidade econômica, evitou a perda dos enxames e estimulou a postura da rainha. Foram encontrados um nível baixo de varroatose (2,92% ± 2,02%) e baixa intensidade de infecção por Nosema. O sucesso na produção de realeiras foi de 98% na aceitação das larvas transferidas. Observou-se um ganho genético de 0,7 Kg na produção de mel nas colônias com rainhas de 3ª geração, o que representa aumento de 5,4% na produção de mel em relação as colônias matrizes e 49,2% comparada a produção nos apiários dos apicultores parceiros. Esses resultados são muito estimulantes levando-se a acreditar no sucesso do programa de melhoramento aplicado, utilizando-se as variáveis e a forma de cálculo para o índice de seleção utilizados no presente trabalho e nos dá subsídios para possíveis adequações no manejo dos apiários de produção, em conformidade com as condições ambientais dessa região, visando o crescimento profissional da atividade apícola e o aumento da produção de mel / 2017-04-11
72

Význam orální hygieny u dospělých se zaměřením na preventivní opatření vedoucí ke snížení četnosti výskytu onemocnění ústní dutiny. / The importance of oral hygiene on adults with the focus on preventive measures resulting in the reduction of oral cavity diseases frequency.

KÁPLOVÁ, Hana January 2015 (has links)
The Dissertation work presented herein monitors the significance of oral hygiene in adults, while aiming at preventive measures leading to lowering mouth cavity illness occurrences. Within the theoretical part, I focus on the delineation of important terms relating to preventive care for oral cavity, information concerning anatomy, physiology of oral cavity, influence of foods and other problems within the oral cavity, among which there are tooth cavities and diseases of gingiva. In the practical part of the work I aim on the assessment of the level of oral health, trough the help of applied clinical research methodologies and investigative tooth indices such as API, PBI, and CPITN. Furthermore, educational materials are passed on, for the purpose of dissemination of needed information in the area of dental hygiene, teaching correct teeth brushing techniques, and utilization of other between-the-tooth tools. The following graphic presentation reveals the level of dental health. As well, within my work, I have verified that, within a larger proportion of patients an improved oral hygiene ensued; thanks to educational program together with an improved home oral hygiene care. Familiarity, care of oral cavity and dental hygiene are the most important prerequisites for each individual, when attempting to improve dental health.
73

Hygienické a pracovní návyky u levorukých žáků na 1. stupni ZŠ / Hygienic and Working Habits of Left-handed Pupils at Primary School

KOLÁŘOVÁ, Lucie January 2018 (has links)
The diploma thesis deals with the hygienic and working habits of left-handed pupils at the first level of elementary schools. The thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretical and research. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with basic information about laterality, brain hemispheres and school maturity. The main focus is on leftist and writing, where we focus on preparation for writing and individual hygiene and working habits of pupils. Problems of written speech and famous leftists are also mentioned. The research part is focused on the survey of the level of hygienic and working habits of primary school pupils. The research was conducted in the form of observations. The obtained results are graphically processed and interpreted. In conclusion, there is a recommendation for working with left-handers in practice.
74

K problematice kvantity písařského výkonu u žáků 3. tříd ZŠ / The quantity of writing in the third year of elementary school

JURAČKOVÁ, Jitka January 2016 (has links)
This diploma thesis deals with the speed of writing of pupils in the third year of elementary school. The theoretical part focuses on the history of script and it includes for instance writing substances, equipment used for writing and historical methods of writing. There are also discussed the current methods of writing on primary schools, hygienic and working habits, qualitative and quantitative signs of script and the specific learning disorders. The research part summarizes the results of the practical part of this thesis. It involved pupils in the third year of a primary school who rewrote a particular text within a two-minute time limit. After they finished, the letters were counted and the results were compared to the tables from the previous years. The thesis includes pictures, tables, graphs and examples of writing tasks of some chosen pupils.
75

A importância dos mecanismos comportamentais de resistência para a dinâmica populacional de abelhas Apis mellifera e o parasita Varroa destructor

Santos, Joyce de Fgueiró 06 June 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Joyce de Figueiró Santos (joycefigueiro@gmail.com) on 2014-07-21T14:48:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 mestrado(1).pdf: 12859151 bytes, checksum: cce9beb4e56c9706618a1d6361e58fd9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2014-07-22T21:09:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mestrado(1).pdf: 12859151 bytes, checksum: cce9beb4e56c9706618a1d6361e58fd9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2014-07-24T17:35:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mestrado(1).pdf: 12859151 bytes, checksum: cce9beb4e56c9706618a1d6361e58fd9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-24T17:35:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mestrado(1).pdf: 12859151 bytes, checksum: cce9beb4e56c9706618a1d6361e58fd9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-06 / The ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor that parasitize honey bees has become a global problem. Although this mite is unlikely to, by itself, cause the mortality of hives, it plays an important role as a vector for many viral diseases. These diseases are identified as some of the most important reasons for the Colony Collapse Disorder. The effects of V.destructor infestation are disparate in different parts of the world. Greater morbidity - in the form of colony losses - has been reported in colonies of European honey bees (EHB) in countries of Europe, Asia and North America. However, this mite has been in Brasil for many years and there are no reports of losses of Africanized honey bees (AHB) colonies. Studies carried out in Mexico showed that some resistance behaviors to the Varroa mite - especially grooming and hygienic behavior - appear to be different in each subspecies. Could those mechanisms explain why the AHB are less susceptible to Colony Collapse Disorder? In order to answer this question, we propose a mathematical model based on differential equations, to analyze the role of these resistance mechanisms in the overall health of the colony, and it’s ability to face environmental challenges. / Os ácaros ectoparasitas Varroa destructor, que parasitam as abelhas tornaram-se um problema global. Embora seja pouco provável que estes ácaros, por si só, provoquem a mortalidade das colmeias, eles desempenham um importante papel como vetor de muitas doenças virais. E estas doenças são identificados como algumas das mais importantes razões para a Desordem do Colapso das Colônias. Os efeitos da infestação do V.destructor são distintas em diferentes partes do mundo. Maiores mortalidades de colônias têm sido relatadas em colônias de abelhas européias (AE) em países da Europa, Ásia e América do Norte. No entanto, este ácaro está presente no Brasil já por muitos anos e não existem relatos de perdas em colônias das abelhas africanizadas (AA). Estudos realizados no México mostraram que alguns comportamentos de resistência ao ácaro Varroa - especialmente o grooming e o comportamento higiênico - são diferentes em cada uma das subespécie. Poderiam então esses mecanismos explicar por que as abelhas africanizadas são menos suscetíveis à Desordem do Colapso das Colônias? A fim de responder a esta pergunta, propomos um modelo matemático baseado em equações diferenciais, com o objetivo de analisar o papel desses mecanismos de resistência na saúde geral da colônia e na capacidade da colônia para enfrentar desafios ambientais.
76

QUALIDADE DO LEITE EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO, ANOS E ESTAÇÕES CLIMÁTICAS NO NOROESTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL / MILK QUALITY PRODUCED IN DIFFERENT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, YEARS AND SEASONS AT REGION NORTHWEST RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL

Milani, Marceli Pazini 25 October 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective was to evaluate the milk quality coming from Region Northwest Rio Grande Sul, under different technology levels, from October 2007 to September 2010, at different seasons. The variables were fat, protein, lactose, total solids, somatic cell count (SCC) and total bacterial count (TBC) of milk. Data were analyzed using mixed model with repeated measure data, having the effect of fixed production system, years and seasons, and random effect dairy farm designated in each production system. The results were compared with the standard required by Normative Instruction 51 (NI 51) of 18 September 2002 (Minisério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento). There were significant differences between the systems of production for fat and total bacterial count milk, with higher values in non specialized system. All variables were influenced by season, featuring in the autumn, fat, protein, total solids and higher TBC. The lactose content was influenced by the production system, presenting the most specialized and smaller in the not specialized, and the season, being higher in winter and lower in autumn. There was a high percentage of samples in disagreement with the NI 51 to TBC and SCC, especially those belonging to dairy farm partially and not specialized. / Foi avaliada a qualidade do leite oriundo da Mesorregião Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, sob distintos níveis tecnológicos, no período de outubro de 2007 a setembro de 2010, nas diferentes estações do ano. As variáveis analisadas foram gordura, proteína, lactose, sólidos totais, contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e contagem bacteriana total (CBT) do leite. Os dados foram analisados por meio de modelo misto com medida repetida no tempo, tendo como efeito fixo os sistemas de produção, anos e estações do ano, e efeito aleatório a unidade produtora de leite (UPL) designada em cada sistema de produção. Os resultados foram comparados com o padrão exigido pela Instrução Normativa 51 (IN 51) de 18 de setembro de 2002 (Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento). Observou-se diferenças significativas entre os sistemas de produção para os teores de gordura e contagem bacteriana total do leite, com valores superiores no sistema não especializado. Todas as variáveis tiveram influência da estação do ano, apresentando, no outono, teor de gordura, proteína, sólidos totais maior e CBT menor. O teor de lactose foi influenciado pelo sistema de produção, apresentando-se maior no especializado e menor no não especializado, assim como pela estação do ano, sendo maior no inverno e menor no outono. Observou-se uma porcentagem alta de amostras em desacordo com a IN 51, para CBT e CCS, principalmente as pertencentes a UPL`s do sistema semi e não especializado.
77

EFEITO DA CONTAGEM DE CÉLULAS SOMÁTICAS E CONTAGEM BACTERIANA TOTAL SOBRE OS CONSTITUINTES DO LEITE / EFFECT OF SOMATIC CELL COUNT AND TOTAL BACTERIAL COUNT ON CONSTITUENTS OF MILK

Vargas, Diego Prado de 24 July 2012 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The study aims to evaluate the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) and total bacterial count (TBC) on the constituents of milk, checking the influence that the climatic variables have on these hygienic-sanitary indicators. Data were obtained from 1,541 dairy farms located in 15 municipalities in the dairy region of Vale do Taquari, Rio Grande do Sul. It was tabulated the data from somatic cell count (SCC), total bacterial count (TBC) and milk composition, from June 2008 to December 2011, totaling 44,089 samples. The ambient temperature showed positive and significant correlation to score of somatic cell, while rainfall and relative humidity air showed no correlation. Moreover, the climatic variables have no significant correlation to the TBC. The fat, protein, minerals and total solids were directly correlated with the SCC and TBC, while solids-not-fat and lactose showed an opposite behavior. The principal component analysis (PCA) followed by agglomerative hierarchical clustering method, have showed that milk from SCC 401,000 to 750,000 cell mL-1 and TBC from 100,000 to 1,000,000 CFU mL-1, have the same quality, not justifying stratification in these intervals. In addition, it was observed that only limits regulatory standards are not sufficient to improve the quality of milk, suggesting parameters for payment system based on the bonus and penalty relative to the TBC and SCC milk. / Este estudo teve por objetivos avaliar o efeito da contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e da contagem bacteriana total (CBT) sobre os constituintes do leite, verificando a influência que as variáveis climáticas exercem sobre estes indicadores higiênico-sanitários. Os dados utilizados foram de 1.541 unidades produtoras de leite referentes a 15 municípios da bacia leiteira do Vale do Taquari, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram tabulados os dados de contagem de células somáticas (CCS), contagem bacteriana total (CBT) e composição centesimal do leite, referentes ao período de junho de 2008 a dezembro de 2011, totalizando 44.089 amostras analisadas. A temperatura ambiente apresentou correlação positiva e significativa com o escore de células somáticas, enquanto a precipitação pluviométrica e umidade relativa do ar ausência de correlação. Por outro lado, as variáveis climáticas não apresentaram correlação significativa com a CBT. Os teores de gordura, proteína, minerais e sólidos totais foram diretamente correlacionados com a CCS e a CBT, enquanto que os sólidos não gordurosos e a lactose apresentaram comportamento inverso. A análise de componentes principais (ACP) seguida pelo método hierárquico aglomerativo de agrupamento, permitiu constatar que leites com CCS maiores que 400.000 até 750.000 céls mL-1 e CBT superiores a 100.000 até 1.000.000 UFC mL-1, apresentam a mesma qualidade, não justificando a estratificação de intervalos nesta amplitude de variação. Paralelamente, observou-se que somente limites de normas regulatórias não são suficientes para melhoraria da qualidade do leite, sugerindo-se, parâmetros para sistemas de pagamento baseado na bonificação e penalização em relação à CCS e CBT do leite.
78

Diferentes olhares sobre o comércio de alimentos na Universidade de São Paulo/Brasil / Different perspectives on food trade at São Paulo University/Brazil

Thaís Helena Nishikata de Oliveira 16 September 2014 (has links)
A presente dissertação, apresentada em dois estudos, buscou verificar as condições de boas práticas de higiene e manipulação (BPHM) e de infraestrutura (IE) de oito restaurantes/lanchonetes e de sete pontos de comércio ambulante localizados na Cidade Universitária Armando de Salles Oliveira (CUASO-USP) e a qualidade higiênico-sanitária de 45 amostras de alimentos prontos para o consumo colhidas nos mesmos. O primeiro estudo traz uma abordagem exploratória e qualitativa através da aplicação de listas de verificação; o segundo analisa laboratorialmente aspectos higiênico-sanitários dos alimentos comercializados pelos estabelecimentos alvo do estudo anterior. Concluiu-se que 1) os estabelecimentos de comércio alimentício da CUASO-USP apresentaram índices regulares de cumprimento de BPHM e adequação de IE, sendo que o eixo de higiene e manipulação de alimentos mostrou-se em melhor situação quando comparado ao de infraestrutura; 2) os ambulantes analisados apresentaram melhores resultados no cumprimento das normas de BPHM e IE e na avaliação das condições higiênico-sanitárias quando comparados aos estabelecimentos fixos de comércio alimentício. Constatou-se que é possível a prática do comércio de alimentos de rua com qualidade higiênico-sanitária, sem caracterizar uma ameaça à saúde publica, desde que o empreendedor conheça e aplique os procedimentos necessários e críticos à obtenção da garantia dos produtos comercializados, assumindo responsabilidade social ao realizar o seu modo de produção mercantil simples, porém comprometido moralmente com a sociedade. / This investigate, presented in two studies, examined the good hygiene practices and handling (GHPH) and the infrastructure (IS) conditions from eight restaurants and seven street vendors located in University City Armando de Salles Oliveira (UCASO-USP) and the sanitary conditions of 45 samples of ready to eat food harvested in them. The first study provides an exploratory and qualitative approach through the application of checklists; the second laboratory analyzes the hygienic and sanitary aspects of the food sold by the previously discussed establishments. We concluded that 1) the UCASO-USP food trade establishments showed regular compliance rates of GHPH and appropriateness of IS, and the axis of hygiene and food handling proved to be better off compared to the infrastructure; 2) the street vendors analyzed showed better results in meeting the GHPH and IS standards and in the evaluation of sanitary conditions when compared to fixed establishments of food trade. It was found that it is possible to practice the street foods trade in sanitary conditions, without characterizing a public health threat, provided that the enterprising know and apply the necessary and critical procedures to obtaining the products marketed assurance, with social responsibility while make their commodity production simple mode.
79

Divergências morfométricas e comportamentais em Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera:apidae)

Sousa, Arlik Rafael Santiago de 31 July 2014 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Bees of the genus Apis are widely distributed throughout the tropical regions of the planet, playing fundamental role as pollinators. In Brazil they are a polihibrid formed by the crossbreed of African subspecies Apis mellifera scutellata and European subspecies, where due generalist habits the introgression of alleles of the African subspecies has led to a predominance of the your characteristics in relation to European subspecies. The scope of this work was to characterize the divergence among 71 colonies of Africanized honey bees located in three distinct ecoregions (Forest zone, Ecotone and Semiarid) of the State of Sergipe Brazilian northeast, through morphological and behavioral analyses, in order to assess the relationship between the effects of seasonality and the different patterns morphoclimatic ecoregions in morphology, behavior and distribution of these groups of bees. In this work we used geometric morphometric techniques observing the anatomical landmarks of the wing venation with the aid of software Tps / DIG and evaluation of hygienic behavior by pin-killing method in two distinct seasonal periods, the dry and rainy. The correlation between the hygienic behavior indexes and environmental variables was obtained by Spearman correlation and the causal relations by path analysis, with the aid of software R. The morphometric analyzes were performed by means of multivariate analysis with the aid of software MORPHOJ and PAST. Thus, the results of this study demonstrated that the high gene flow evidenced between studied colonies and pronounced differences in apiaries and ecoregions with influence of altitude on shape (r=0,06239; p= 0.05) and size (0.001) contributed therefore for the separation of these groups as result of phenotypic plasticity rather than genetic divergence among populations of Africanized honey bees. Furthermore, the results also demonstrated significant difference in hygienic behavior of these populations between the dry and rainy season (p= 0,022; α=0,05) and between ecoregions (p=0,001; α=0,05) with the influence of temperature (ρ=0,065; p=0,471; α=0,05) and altitude (ρ=-0,294; p=0,001 α=0,05) upon pluviosity (ρ=0,274; p=0,002; α=0,05) that demonstrated be the main modulator of hygienic behavior, thus reinforcing the influence of environmental factors on the expression of this trait. Therefore, it is concluded by the influence of stochastic factors in the morphology, behavior and distribution of Africanized honey bees, where polyphenisms found denote the high genetic variability of these populations, a fact that can be exploited in future conservation, handling and breeding programs. / As abelhas do genero Apis estao amplamente distribuidas pelas regioes tropicais do planeta, sendo fundamentais no papel de polinizadores. No Brasil, estas sao um poliibrido formado pelo cruzamento entre a subespecie africana Apis mellifera scutellata e as subespecies europeias. Devido a habitos generalistas, a introgressao de alelos da subespecie africana tem levado a uma predominancia nas caracteristicas desta em relacao as europeias. O presente trabalho teve como escopo a caracterizacao da divergencia entre 71 colonias de A. mellifera africanizadas, situadas em tres distintas ecorregioes (Zona da Mata, Agreste e Sertao) do Estado de Sergipe, nordeste do Brasil, por meio de analises morfologicas e comportamentais, com o objetivo de avaliar as relacoes entre os efeitos da sazonalidade e dos distintos padroes morfoclimaticos das ecorregioes na morfologia, comportamento e distribuicao desses grupos de abelhas. Neste estudo foram utilizadas tecnicas de morfometria geometrica, com observacao dos marcos anatomicos da venacao alar, com o auxilio do software Tps/DIG e avaliacao do comportamento higienico pelo metodo de perfuracao de crias em dois periodos estacionais, o seco e o chuvoso. A correlacao entre os indices de comportamento higienico e as variaveis ambientais foi obtida por meio da correlacao de Spearman e as relacoes de causalidade por meio da analise de trilha, com o auxilio do software R. As analises morfometricas foram realizadas por meio de tecnicas de analise multivariada, com o auxilio dos softwares MORPHOJ e PAST. Assim, os resultados deste trabalho demonstraram que o intenso fluxo genico evidenciado entre as colonias estudadas e as diferencas pronunciadas nos distintos apiarios e ecorregioes, com influencia da altitude na forma (r=0,06239; p= 0.05) e tamanho (0.001) contribuiram, portanto, para a separacao desses grupos como resultado da plasticidade fenotipica e nao de divergencia genetica entre as populacoes de abelhas africanizadas. Alem disso, os resultados tambem demonstraram haver diferenca significativa no comportamento higienico dessas populacoes, entre os periodos seco e chuvoso (p= 0,022 ¿=0,05) e entre as ecorregioes (p=0,001; ¿=0,05), com influencia da temperatura ( Ï=0,065 p=0,471; ¿=0,05) e altitude ( Ï=-0,294; p=0,001; ¿=0,05) sobre a pluviosidade ( Ï=0,274 p=0,002; ¿=0,05) sendo esta o principal modulador do comportamento higienico, reforcando a influencia de fatores ambientais na manifestacao dessa caracteristica. Portanto, conclui-se pela influencia de fatores estocasticos na morfologia, comportamento e distribuicao das abelhas africanizadas, onde os polifenismos encontrados denotam a grande variabilidade genetica dessas populacoes, fato esse que pode ser explorado em futuros programas de conservacao, manejo e melhoramento.
80

The role of school management teams towards provisioning of school sanitation at Man'Ombe Circuit, Mopani Education District in Limpopo Province, South Africa

Maswanganyi, Amukelani Lizzy January 2022 (has links)
Thesis (M.Dev. (Planning and Management)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The purpose of this study was to explore the role of SMTs in providing and sustaining schools’ sanitation infrastructure. Qualitative research approach was conducted to determine if the SMT members fully understand the role that they can play in sustaining sanitation facilities in their schools. Primary data was collected using semi structured questionnaires using qualitative research method. Twenty SMT members from five sampled schools from Man’ombe Circuit in Mopani East Education District were used as respondents. The study highlighted that provision of sanitation infrastructure which is not accompanied by effective management of those infrastructure cannot be sustained. Management was selected as a theoretical framework to clearly state the duties of SMT members as managers in the school community they are based in. Areas of potential effective role performance and areas of potential role conflict in school sanitation infrastructure were highlighted. The findings revealed that SMTs do not fully understand their role when it comes to school sanitation.

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