Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1_100_RicardoEugenio da Mata_DISSERT_03.pdf: 3104615 bytes, checksum: fca5ff005128ebe56937228f8f24ea7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-01 / With the high oil price variability, the petroleum and the reservoir engineers are usually face to face on how they can evaluate the well performance and productivity. They can improve high productivity from the well construction to the secondary recoveries, but they have never tried a measurement in the drilling operations about the lower productivity index. As a rule, frequently the drilling operations hear from the reservoir engineering and geology that, if there is a formation damage, probably some drilling operations practices were not done properly or the good practice in petroleum engineering or mud engineering were not observed. The study in this working search is an attempt of how to measure a formation damage just from the project drilling to the drilling operations, with datum from the fields in Brazilian northeast and putting into practice a Simulator developed from the modeling on the theory offered by different experts and sources in formation damage / Com os altos pre?os do petr?leo e em grande variabilidade, os engenheiros de petr?leo e de reservat?rios est?o usualmente frente a frente com o desafio de como avaliar a performance e a produtividade de um po?o. A??es para a melhoria dessa produtividade podem ser aplicadas desde a execu??o de um po?o ? recupera??o secund?ria, mas n?o se encontram tentativas de se avaliar uma baixa produtividade a partir das opera??es de perfura??o. Como regra geral, freq?entemente quem lida com a atividade de perfura??o recebe, por parte das equipes de engenharia e de geologia de reservat?rios, uma responsabilidade direta ou mesmo uma suposta culpa pela entrega de um po?o com um dano ? forma??o, ou ainda um questionamento quanto ? possibilidade de que muito provavelmente algumas das opera??es de perfura??o n?o foram dentro da boa t?cnica ou se as boas pr?ticas da engenharia de petr?leo ou da qu?mica do fluido de perfura??o tamb?m n?o foram bem aplicadas. O estudo no presente trabalho ? uma tentativa de modelar um meio para a medi??o ainda na fase de projeto de um dano ? forma??o quando nas opera??es de perfura??o, a partir de dados de campo ou operacionais de po?os no Nordeste do Brasil e ponto em pr?tica um Simulador desenvolvido nessa disserta??o a partir de uma base te?rica encontrada em autores diferentes dentro da literatura de um dano ? forma??o

The increasing demand for mineral-based resources that face supply risks calls for managing the supply chains for these resources at the regional level. Cobalt is a widely used cathode material in lithium-ion batteries, which form the major portion of batteries used for renewable energy storage - a necessary technology for electrifying mobility and overcoming the challenge of intermittency, thus making renewable energy more reliable and energy generation more sustainable. This necessitates understanding cobalt's supply risks and for the Untied States, identifying sources of cobalt available for future use via recycling or mining. These needs are addressed in this work using single and multiregional input-output (MRIO) analysis in combination with graph theory. An MRIO-based approach is developed to obtain the trade network of cobalt and offer a more expedient way to identify potential critical material sources embodied in commodities made domestically. Commodities containing cobalt were disaggregated from two input-output (IO) models and the trade structure of cobalt at the national and state level was observed and compared. The significance of identified key sectors is measured according to several criteria and differences in sectors highlighted in the national versus subnational networks suggests that analysis at the two regional aggregation levels provides alternative insights. Results from mining the IO networks for cobalt highlight the geographical distribution of its use and industries to further investigate as potential sources for secondary feedstock.

Användning av Virtual Commissioning (VC) i samband med digitala modeller/tvillingar ges ett stort värde i framtidens industri. Inom konceptet industri 4.0 omnämns Smart Factory (SF) som är en av de viktigare aspekterna inom industri 4.0, detta har för avsikt att adressera utveckling bestående av integration, digitalisering och användning av flexibla strukturer och smarta lösningar. Varav en del i detta ges av så kallad VC och Digital Twin (DT). På ett naturligt sätt medför detta att denna typer av studier gälande användningsområdena av VC ges vikt inför kommande utveckling. Detta projekt har sitt fokus i att studera möjligheterna kring användning av VC och DT i de tidigare stadierna i ett projekt. En prototyp kommer att skapas.  Projektet kommer att erkänna tillvägagångssättet när det gäller ökningen av mjukvarukvalitet och minskning av buggar inför driftsättningen av den fysiska processen. Detta kommer att göras genom en tillämpning i form av en automatiserad sorteringsprocess Sorteringsprocessen kommer att hantera och fördela enligt godkänd och icke godkänd produkt. Sorteringsprocessen genomgick en validering av tredje part som anses godkänd. Driften och säkerheten kommer att vara det centrala för att bedöma dugligheten av modellen. Därmed avgörs huruvida denna VC metod kan ges tillförlitlighet gällande industriell projekttillämpning. / The use of virtual commissioning in connection with digital models / twins is given great value in the future industry. The concept of Industry 4.0 promotes Smart Factory, which requires well-orchestrated developments in integration, digitalization and use of flexible structures and smart solutions. Part of this is provided by so-called Virtual Commissioning (VC) and Digital Twin (DT). Therefore, it is important to study these for future development. This study focuses on studying the possibilities of using VC and DT regarding the earlier stages in a project. The thesis will acknowledge this approach in terms of the increase regarding software quality and bug reduction comes the physical commissioning of the process. This will be done through an application in the form of an automated sorting process.  In this process, two products will be tested and then sorted as either approved or non-approved. Once the functional sorting process has been developed, it did undergo a validation test with an approved result. This validation test is be divided into two different sections where the operation of the process and safety will be central for assessing the feasibility of the model and thus determining whether this VC method can be considered as reliable for industrial project applications.

Io is the innermost Galilean moon of Jupiter and is considered the most volcanically active body in our solar system. With the help of the Hubble Space Telescope’s (HST) on-board Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), far-ultraviolet (FUV) images of Io have been captured for the past 20 years. The final goal of this project is to study the sulphur dioxide (SO2) distribution and volcanic activity on Io in FUV data taken in 1997/98 and 2013/14. The method used concerns the conversion of spectral Lyman-α intensity to SO2 density using algorithms implemented in MATLAB. As a result the SO2 distribution and volcanic activity on Io were determined and compared between the data collections. We found that the SO2 was higher in the images from 1997/98 compared to 2013/2014.

This abstract introduces the wearable-based alerting system for emergency situations for both disabled and non-disabled individuals. The system sends advanced technology to detect various emergencies like fire alerts, flood alerts, outside air contamination etc, for the emergency services and it gives a signal in the form of vibration for the user. AdafruitIO is a platform created to show, react to, and interact with the data from the project. The most important problem statement revolves around the need for an inclusive and green emergency alert machine that caters to the various desires of people, which include people with disabilities. The device’s primary objective is to ensure the protection and nicely-being of users in emergency scenarios. To address this problem, a wearable device is utilized as a verbal exchange interface between the user and the emergency services. The device is prepared with signal receiving capable of detecting precise emergency occasions, together with modifications in high-quality air or strange environmental conditions. When an emergency is detected, the device promptly sends a signal to the applicable emergency services, ensuring a quick reaction. The findings of this research focus on the effectiveness and reliability of the wearable-primarily based alerting machine. Through rigorous testing and assessment, it has been validated that the machine can as it should come across a huge variety of emergency situations, making certain well-timed communication with emergency services. In conclusion, this study provides a wearable-based totally alerting device that addresses the desires of both disabled and non-disabled people in emergency conditions. By exploiting advanced technology and the AdafruitIO platform, the device presents actual-time indicators to emergency services even as turning in spontaneous feedback to the user. This modern answer enhances basic safety and inclusivity through important activities, supplying a promising future for emergency response systems.

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This thesis project was to design, construct, and program a test rig to be used by HMS when checking for faulty connection pins on their testing platforms. The test rig is physically attached to a platform computer at HMS via the pins of the ports on the platform. Our test rig automatically tests the pins of the separate ports in order to analyze and review their parameters and confirm that they are functioning correctly. We developed and designed hardware and software to test two of the five different ports used by the platforms at HMS: the DAQ port and the relay port. Hardware development involved designing couplings, building them, and testing them with preinstalled programs at HMS. The software development involved designing code in LabVIEW that could automatically run tests of the pins of the platform with the help of the couplings we had built. The complete test rig development was successfully completed and proven to work as intended. / Detta examensarbete syftade till att designa, konstruera och programmera en testrigg som ska användas av HMS vid kontroll av felaktiga anslutningsstift på deras test plattformar. Testriggen är fysiskt ansluten till en plattformsdator på HMS via stiften på portarna på plattformen. Vår testrigg testar automatiskt stiften på de separata portarna för att analysera och granska deras parametrar och bekräfta att de fungerar korrekt. Vi utvecklade och designade hårdvara och mjukvara för att testa två av de fem olika portarna som används av plattformarna på HMS: DAQ-porten och reläporten. Hårdvaruutveckling innebar att designakopplingar, bygga dem och testa dem med förinstallerade program hos HMS. Mjukvaruutvecklingen gick ut på att designa kod i LabVIEW som automatiskt kunde köra tester av plattformens stift med hjälp av de kopplingar vi byggt. Den kompletta testriggensutveckling slutfördes framgångsrikt och visade sig fungera som avsett.

Industrial Ethernet Communication protocols for Real-Time communication is the focus of research in a variety of different industrial Applications. The subject of thesis study is a comprehensive analysis of Industrial Ethernet protocols used in safety-critical real-time environment, comparing these based on performance, safety, diagnostics and error detection features, topology preference, cost incurred and openness of the protocol. The protocols chosen for this comparisons are ModbusTCP, EtherNet/IP, Ethernet Powerlink, Profinet IO, EtherCAT®, Sercos III, and CC-LINK IE, because they are most relevant for real-time applications and they have a widespread global presence in a lot of industrial applications. The industry in focus here is the spacecraft industry, which is a perfect example of a real-time safety-critical environment, where the protocols need to perform under harsh conditions, such as vibrations, exposure to radiation , extreme temperatures and low atmospheric pressure, and have strict timing requirements. The communication protocols for this environment are held to very high standards of performance and communication accuracy. The challenge here is to implement a protocol that can provide deterministic, real-time communication in such extreme conditions. The protocol in focus here is the ModbusTCP protocol , that is implemented on the ESBO-DS Stratospheric Balloon project to establish a communication link with the pointing system on board. ModbusTCP is chosen for this application because it is reliable, has a large support base, it is easy to implement, transparent and extremely interoperable. All these benefits along with providing real-time communication on a space-based application gives us a good reason to continuing the use of ModbusTCP here. The conclusion of the comparison of the selected real-time communication Industrial Ethernet protocols is that there is no “best ” protocol, and the choice of protocol depends on the application in focus. EtherCAT, SERCOS III and PROFINET IRT are all powerful hard real-time protocols, but require dedicated and expensive hardware for implementation. CC-Link IE is also a popular hard real-time protocol that uses special hardware and is well-established in the East Asian countries. Ethernet/IP and ModbusTCP control a large market share in the Industrial Communication domain in addition to providing good performance easily available tools. Ethernet Powerlink is open and provides both implementation and specification royalty free on its organisations website. / Industriella Ethernet-kommunikationsprotokoll för realtidskommunikation är fokus för forskning inom en mängd olika industriella tillämpningar. Ämnet för avhandlingsstudien är en omfattande analys av industriella Ethernet-protokoll som används i säkerhetskritiska realtidsmiljöer, som jämför dessa baserat på prestanda, säkerhet, diagnostik och feldetekteringsfunktioner, topologipreferenser, uppkomna kostnader och protokollets öppenhet. De valda protokollen för dessa jämförelser är ModbusTCP, EtherNet/IP, Ethernet Powerlink, Profinet IO, EtherCAT®, Sercos III och CC-LINK IE, eftersom de är mest relevanta för realtidsapplikationer och de har en utbredd global närvaro i många industriella tillämpningar. Branschen i fokus här är rymdfarkostindustrin, som är ett perfekt exempel på en realtidssäkerhetskritisk miljö, där protokollen måste fungera under tuffa förhållanden, såsom vibrationer, exponering för strålning, extrema temperaturer och lågt atmosfärstryck, och har strikta tidskrav. Kommunikationsprotokollen för denna miljö håller mycket höga standarder för prestanda och kommunikationsnoggrannhet. Utmaningen här är att implementera ett protokoll som kan tillhandahålla deterministisk kommunikation i realtid under sådana extrema förhållanden. Protokollet i fokus här är ModbusTCP-protokollet, som är implementerat i ESBO-DS Stratospheric Balloon-projektet för att upprätta en kommunikationslänk med peksystemet ombord. ModbusTCP är vald för denna applikation eftersom den är pålitlig, har en stor supportbas, den är lätt att implementera, transparent och extremt driftskompatibel. Alla dessa fördelar tillsammans med att tillhandahålla realtidskommunikation på en rymdbaserad applikation ger oss en god anledning att fortsätta använda ModbusTCP här. Slutsatsen av jämförelsen av de valda realtidskommunikationens Industrial Ethernet-protokoll är att det inte finns något bästaprotokoll, och valet av protokoll beror på applikationen i fokus. EtherCAT, SERCOS III och PROFINET IRT är alla kraftfulla hårda realtidsprotokoll, men kräver dedikerad och dyr hårdvara för implementering. CC-Link IE är också ett populärt hårt realtidsprotokoll som använder speciell hårdvara och är väletablerat i de östasiatiska länderna. Ethernet/IP och ModbusTCP kontrollerar en stor marknadsandel inom industriell kommunikationsdomän förutom att de tillhandahåller bra prestanda lättillgängliga verktyg. Ethernet Powerlink är öppet och tillhandahåller både implementering och specifikation royaltyfritt på sin organisations webbplats.

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / Reissued 30 May 2017 with Second Reader’s non-NPS affiliation added to title page. / The United States has made use of economic sanctions to achieve political goals by limiting the relationship between trade, travel, and finance. However, economists are uncertain if the use of economic sanctions is effective and achieves the desired results. Applying the notion of demand-based inoperability, we present two nonlinear models to identify the optimal placement of sanctions and assess the sanctions' cascading effects to all sectors of an adversary's economy. For purposes of demonstration and validation, we pose a hypothetical scenario in which the U.S. considers trade sanctions on Canada. Specifically, our analysis proposes the Trade Sanction Inoperability Input-Output Model (TS-IIM). We devised this model to permit ranking of sectors by the order in which the greatest production loss occurs. Given the strong dependence of Canada on the United States, is it reasonable to expect that a sanction could result in economic repercussions? In response to this question, we also present the Inter-Country Inoperability Input-Output Model (IC-IIM), which extends the TS-IIM by considering the reduction in trade in value added (TiVA) the U.S. economy will experience. Our results from the TS-IIM and IC-IIM lead us to conclude that the proper design of a sanction considers not only the impact to an adversary's economy, but also sanction's associated repercussions at home. / Lieutenant, United States Navy

Final master work consists of 62 pages, 9 figures, 11 tables, 40 sources of literature, lithuanian language. Key words: tax, taxation, principles, the burden of taxation, tax rate, tax shield, tax-free income, tax object, tax subject. The object of researching is income tax. The subject of researching is analysis and improvement of income tax. The aim of the work is to explore the essence, necessity and functions, to analyse taxable principles and purposes of the income tax in order to make suggestions how to improve and perfect them. The purpose of the work: 1. to survey tax doctrine and show why tax is needed; 2. to do the analysis of income tax and the burden of taxation; 3. to make suggestions how to improve income tax. The methods of research: in combining methods of analysis (monographic, statistic, logical, horizontal and vertical analysis ) and means (comparicon, graphical) to present suggestions how to improve the Tax of Personal Income.