Submitted by Marie Dowlatyari (marie.dowlatyari@sciencespo.fr) on 2017-11-27T13:57:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 11 24_Master Thesis.pdf: 698852 bytes, checksum: 0809cc472101f4735eb6dd199f2e8ba9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josineide da Silva Santos Locatelli (josineide.locatelli@fgv.br) on 2017-11-28T12:00:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 11 24_Master Thesis.pdf: 698852 bytes, checksum: 0809cc472101f4735eb6dd199f2e8ba9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-28T12:31:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 11 24_Master Thesis.pdf: 698852 bytes, checksum: 0809cc472101f4735eb6dd199f2e8ba9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-31 / The purpose of this work is to explore the way the Rouanet Law has been applied in Brazil by addressing participants’ meanings on it and its use to explain why some manage and others fail, as well as their fundraising strategy; finally, this study proposes a series of recommendations to improve the situation of culture financing in Brazil. This paper adopts a qualitative methodology, starting by presenting the Rouanet Law in the text, before exploring current literature on the topic and key findings: general market information from the Ministry of Culture and case studies using the Simbiose Social database and a series of semi-structured interviews of projects and sponsors. The main limitation in writing this work has been the genuinely rare answers obtained [from sponsors who invest money via the Rouanet Law] for interviews. Existing literature on the Rouanet Law deeply lacks micro-data, in particular case studies and interviews. This is what this work offers to do, as well as addressing participants’ meanings on their experiences with the Rouanet Law. In this article, we expect to find and specify the deep differences in the way small social impact projects find funding as opposed to big projects of the creative industry. / O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar como a Lei Rouanet foi aplicada no Brasil, abordando os significados dos participantes sobre isso e seu uso para explicar por que alguns conseguem e outros falham, bem como sua estratégia de captação de fundos. Finalmente, este estudo propõe uma série de recomendações para melhorar a situação do financiamento da cultura no Brasil. Este artigo adota uma metodologia qualitativa, começando por apresentar a Lei Rouanet no texto, antes de explorar a literatura atual sobre o tema e as principais conclusões: informações gerais sobre o mercado do Ministerio da Cultura e estudos de caso usando o banco de dados da Simbiose Social, além de entrevistas semi-estruturadas de projetos e patrocinadores. A principal limitação na redação deste trabalho foi as respostas realmente raras obtidas [de patrocinadores que investem dinheiro através da Lei Rouanet] para entrevistas. A literatura existente sobre a Lei Rouanet falta profundamente de microdados, além de estudos de caso e entrevistas. Isto é o que este trabalho propõe fazer, bem como adotar os significados dos participantes sobre suas experiências com a Lei Rouanet. Neste trabalho, esperamos encontrar e especificar as diferenças profundas na forma como pequenos projetos de impacto social encontram financiamento em oposição a grandes projetos da indústria criativa.

Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2018-11-05T16:37:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Barbara Zaganelli-Tese Doutorado-2018.pdf: 2135237 bytes, checksum: f997623ce753109501f31517c5034cfd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-05T16:37:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Barbara Zaganelli-Tese Doutorado-2018.pdf: 2135237 bytes, checksum: f997623ce753109501f31517c5034cfd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-31 / Impacto social produzido pela divulgação científica do telejornalismo brasileiro. A pesquisa verifica a correspondência entre os temas noticiados sobre a ciência e os assuntos que interessam à sociedade, além da contribuição das matérias de ciência do telejornalismo brasileiro para a vida do cidadão. Metodologia descritiva e exploratória, com abordagens quantitativas e qualitativas, por meio de aplicações de metrias da informação e comunicação, mapeamentos de notícias, entrevistas com os telespectadores com a Técnica do Incidente Crítico (TIC) e análises de conteúdo das matérias. As fontes da pesquisa são seis telejornais de TV aberta e alcance nacional (Jornal Nacional, Jornal da Record, Jornal da Band, SBT Brasil, Rede TV News! e Repórter Brasil Noite), matérias coletadas durante um ano, totalizando 72 edições, o equivalente à aproximadamente 9 horas e 30 minutos de programação. Os entrevistados são 163 telespectadores dos telejornais brasileiros, homens e mulheres, acima de 18 anos, com dados coletados durante as atividades da 13ª Semana Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (SNCT). Os principais resultados revelam quase a metade da programação jornalística voltada à ciência. O mapeamento da divulgação científica indica que a maior parte está relacionada à transposição de informação científica e tecnológica para uma linguagem acessível à compreensão do público. Entre as características das notícias, falta variedade na exibição de pesquisas das áreas de conhecimento (CNPq) e categorias de divulgação científica propostas por nesta tese. Os principais impactos sociais das matérias de ciências na vida do cidadão são as mudanças em ações e/ou hábitos no cotidiano para a qualidade de vida e preservação do meio ambiente. Pelos relatos, a divulgação científica do telejornalismo brasileiro provoca questionamentos e debates, mas não estimula o cidadão a participação em ações coletivas. Espera-se que os resultados permitam configurar propostas de divulgação científica para o telejornalismo brasileiro mais promissoras para a ampla difusão do conhecimento e o exercício de cidadania. / Social impact produced by the scientific divulgation of Brazilian television journalism. The research verifies the correspondence between the news subjects about science and the subjects that interest the society, besides the contribution of the science subjects of the Brazilian journalism to the citizen´s life. Descriptive and exploratory methodology, with quantitative and qualitative approaches, through applications of information and communication metrics, news mappings, interviews with viewers with Critical Incident Technique and content analysis. The sources of the research are six national TV news broadcasters (Jornal Nacional, Jornal da Record, Jornal da Band, SBT Brasil, Rede TV News! and Repórter Brasil Noite), collected over a year, adding up to 72 issues, the equivalent approximately 9 hours and 30 minutes of programming. The interviewees are 163 viewers of Brazilian television news shows, men and women, over 18 years old, with data collected during the activities of the 13th National Science and Technology Week. The main results reveal almost half of journalistic programming focused on science. The mapping of scientific divulgation indicates that most is related to the transposition of scientific and technological information into a language accessible to the public’s understanding. Among the characteristics of the news, there is a lack of variety in the display of research in the areas of knowledge (CNPq) and categories of scientific dissemination proposed by this thesis. The main social impacts of science subjects on the life of the citizen are changes in actions and/or daily habits for the quality of life and preservation of the environment. By the reports, the scientific divulgation of the Brazilian TV News causes questions and debates but does not stimulate the citizen participation in collective actions. It is hoped that the results will allow the creation of proposals for sycientific divulgation for the most promising Brazilian news media for the wide dissemination of knowledge and the exercise of citizenship.

[pt] Esta pesquisa disserta sobre as soluções de mobilidade urbana em favelas de encostas como parte integrante do planejamento urbano, tendo como foco a implantação do sistema de transporte teleférico e como estudo de caso, o teleférico do Complexo do Alemão. Inicialmente é apresentado um panorama histórico das intervenções do poder público nas favelas do Rio de Janeiro e como se desenvolveu a mobilidade urbana nessas áreas. Em seguida, é exposto o problema da mobilidade nas favelas e a implantação de equipamentos alternativos de transportes. Os Projetos de implantação do teleférico Metrocable em Medellín, o teleférico de San Augustín em Caracas, o teleférico do morro da Providência e o projeto para o teleférico da favela da Rocinha são expostos como exemplos desse sistema. No Estudo de caso, foram analisados os impactos da implantação do teleférico no Complexo do Alemão, sua eficiência e principalmente, os custos de execução, operação e os custos sociais. Considera-se que o impacto estudado é moldado por análises contextuais, avaliações empíricas de visitas ao local, entrevistas com os moradores e usuários do sistema em questão, conteúdos bibliográficos e análise de indicadores. / [en] This research is on urban mobility solutions in favelas (slums) on hills as an integral part of urban planning. With a focus on the implementation of cable cars as transport systems, this research examines the cable car of the Complexo do Alemão as a case study which is located on the north side of the city of Rio de Janeiro. In Chapter 1, the research outlines the problem of poverty and absence of urban planning in Brazilian cities, which has intensified since the 1950s because of the rapid influx of migrants in search for work in the great economic city centers. Currently in Rio de Janeiro, 22 per cent of the population lives in favelas. The population of the favelas grew disproportionally in the last two decades, four times more than the population of the officially recognized areas of the city. The problem of housing in the favelization process of the city is aggravated by poor sanitation, violent conflicts, problems with security and safety, a lack of public services, poor access, precarious urban mobility, irregular services like illegal connections to electricity, among other problems. Additionally, there is the overarching problem of urban mobility. Spatial segregation makes it difficult for low-income populations to move from one place to another and is mainly due to the historical selection of occupations in isolated and peripheral areas of the city. The problem of mobility is further aggravated by underdeveloped transitional areas between the rural and urban parts of the city especially when, like in the case of this research, those populations occupy areas with steep hills. The chapter continues by tracing a history of public policies affecting the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, from the first removal of tenement houses in the city center in the nineteenth century, to the developmental policies of today. The chapter follows the formation of the first favelas with an occupation organized by the people who were removed from tenement houses and who needed to live near the economic city centers, the eventual expansion to other areas, the first removal policies for temporary housing and subsequently a more rigid posture of the state in regard to favelas. The 1960s and 1970s were periods marked by the removal and political denial of favelas, it was only in the 1980s that the state began to provide public policies to improve favelas. Thus, there has been a gradual acceptance of these occupations in the landscape of the city. Beyond the social problems aforementioned, Chapter 2 points more specifically to the problems of mobility in favelas on hills because of high building density, risks of landslides and precarious road access. In Rio de Janeiro, the state started to intervene in regard to the issue of mobility in favelas during the first term of Leonel Brizola (1983-1987), with the construction of the Inclined Plane in the Pavão Pavãozinho favela. But it was not until the Favela Bairro program that mobility initiatives were executed on a much wider scale, the program initiated walkways and improved stairs which greatly increased accessibility and the flow of traffic on road networks. With an urbanization policy for favelas in motion, other urban mobility transport systems were established, like the inclined plane on the Hill of Santa Marta in 2008 and the elevator of Cantagalo in 2010. While these transport systems assert the presence of the state in marginal communities, the daily transportation of the residents are mainly local options like vans and motorcycle taxis which continue to play a fundamental role and also contribute to the local economy. This generates income for residents because many of the people working with this type of transport also live in the favelas. The chapter then describes cable car technology and looks at specific examples of cable cars built or planning to be built in the favelas of Latin America. The lines of Medellin are used as an example because they inspired so many others like San Agustín in Caracas, Complexo do Alemão in Rio de Janeiro, Providencia in Rio de Janeiro and the cable car project of Rocinha in Rio de Janeiro. The city of Medellin for many years suffered from violence generated by drug trafficking and came to be known in the early 90s as one of the most violent cities in the world. The high murder rate and violence receded after a series of investments that occurred in the city, mainly investments towards urbanization, education and security. The urban planning of Medellin was based on major public interventions through specific projects in the poorest sectors of the city. Initially structured around the cable cars, called Metrocables, and spatially articulated with other projects extended to formal sectors of the city, known as Urban Integral Projects (Proyectos Urbanos Integrales-PUIs), the aim of these initiatives was to connect various urban spaces. One of the characteristics of these projects was the emphasis on aesthetics as an engine for social change. This aesthetic quality to the new cable cars resulted in an increase of residents self-esteem but was also criticized for its stark contrast with poor local reality. In 2004, the Line K of the cable car was constructed in Comunas 1 and 2, and initiated an urban planning of the city based on the theory of Social Urbanism, with several projects aimed at improving infrastructure and education in favelas. In 2010, Line K was supplemented by a transfer to the Line L, which goes to the Arvi Park, an ecological park created on the border of a green area to Comuna 1, stimulating tourism. There is also Line J which meets Comunas 7 and 13, inaugurated in 2008. Medellín has become a model for other cities to adopt the cable car system for transportation in favelas. One example was the cable car of San Agustín in Caracas, designed as an important integrator between the favela and the rest of the city. In January 2010, the system started was connected to the subway. In contrast to Medellin, the Metrocable system in Caracas is characterized with large stations that integrate cultural facilities, sports arenas, and shopping centers together in one convenient location. The estimated daily demand during the planning stages of the project was 15 thousand passengers. Approximately 40,000 people live in San Augustin which means that the demand estimate would amount to 37.5 per cent of the residents. The data in 2012 showed that only 4,500 passengers use the system daily, about three times less than expected, showing that the cable car, which cost 318 million dollars, is being underutilized. In Rio de Janeiro, in the favela Morro da Providência, there is a cable car built and because the favela is considered the first favela in Rio, current projects by the municipal government show that there is interest in promoting tourism and to integrate it with the dynamics of cultural and historical revitalization of the port area and the cable car is the vehicle proposed for this purpose. However, the Hill of Providence (Morro da Providência) is suffering from forced evictions, mainly due to the Morar Carioca project, an urban program of the city government. These interventions have not been discussed with the residents and involve the demolition of nearly half of the residences. The idea is to replace the residences with a historical and cultural center in the favela. According to the city administration, about 42 houses block, in the context of urban landscape, the view of the chapel located at the highest point of the hill and thus those 42 houses would have to be removed. Although the construction of the cable car has also caused the removal of a few houses, its implementation is linked more with tourism in the favela. Various resident led protests organized with activists and supported by critical news sources released in Brazil and abroad, put the Hill of Providence in the spotlight as an example of the negative impact of mega-events on the poor. Consequently, after the injunction obtained in a lawsuit, the projects in the community are at a standstill and the houses that were scheduled to be removed remain standing. In Rocinha, the PAC 2 (Accelerating Growth Program is a federal program that has as the main objective the development of the country through the planning and execution of large urban infrastructure, works in the transportation sector and the energy sector) provides for the cable car installation, an elevator, escalators, and other mobility infrastructure. This project is very controversial because the cable car project has an estimated budget of 700 million reais, an amount that would consume approximately 44 per cent of the total amount available for the PAC 2. Most debate is on the residents priorities, which if considered would require that the funds be applied to the sanitation of the favela, which the current project does not guarantee. In the project under study, the cable car will connect to the future subway station of Line 4 in São Conrado to the top of the favela and have 6 stations distributed in two lines, 2,500 meters long. This would be the third cable car built in the favelas of the city, reflecting a state trend to adopt this transportation method in favelas. It seems that cable cars are more than a modal of mass transport, but also as a way to enter favelas as a new tourist attraction of the city. In Chapter 3, the case study is presented about the cable car of Complexo do Alemão, an integral part of PAC. The cable car was built with 3.4 km in length, 152 cabins half of which are in regular operation, while the other half is parked. The system has six stations and the capacity to carry 30,000 passengers daily. The path between the first transfer station with the train, the Bonsucesso Station, and the last stop, the Palmeiras Station, is traversed in about 20 minutes. Using other means of transport, the time to travel the distance between these two places is about 40 minutes. The six stations are located on the tops of hills that form the intricacies of the favelas and therefore, many residents complain about the accessibility of the system. For those who live far away and do not see advantage in climbing the hill to use the system, it is more common to use van or motorcycle taxis to move around. This is the main reason that the cable car is underused even though residents are entitled to two free trips per day. According to the Supervia, which operates the system, the daily movement of people is about 10,000 to 11,000 people, but, as we reported, the equipment has been design for a capacity of 30,000 passengers per day. The construction of the cable car cost the government R$ 210 million, equivalent to 22.35 per cent of the total PAC work in Complexo do Alemão, and the operating cost is about 50.1 million reais a year. What we can conclude is that the cable car has a relatively high operating cost for low use by residents, and it is also expensive to build. The high investment in the cable car is not justified when there are still major problems to be solved in favelas. One of the main complaints made by residents is the lack of investments in priority areas, such as basic sanitation. As part of this research a survey was given to 50 residents. When asked if the resources used to cable car execution, being very high, could be implemented in other areas, 74 per cent said yes. Among the responses on areas where resources should be invested, they pointed mainly to sanitation, health and education. Some health problems in the favelas worsened while tourism has increased with the use of the cable car. Also according to the data from the Supervia, the percentage of passengers with gratuities, i.e. registered residents using the cable car during the week is 75 per cent and the percentage of those who paid the fare, mostly tourists, is 25 per cent. On weekends, the number of visitors almost doubled: 54 per cent of gratuities and 46 per cent of tourists. The cable car has always had a tourist appeal due to its comfort and excitement by offering the experience of getting a suspended adventure of great heights with a privileged view of the favela landscape. This also happens with the cable car of the Complexo do Alemão, but in another context, within a patrimonialization effort of those spaces. The research makes clear that even with the difficulties within a space precariously built, mobility solutions that were initially created by the residents are still the most used, for example, the alternative transport system like vans and motorcycle taxis. To establish that the cable car is the solution for urban mobility on slopes of slums is quite questionable, as each case requires a specific and detailed study. In the case of the Complexo do Alemão, for example, both positive and negative factors were found. On the one hand the cable car considerably reduced the Bonsucesso travel time to some community points and provided connection with the train, on the other, the number of users contained does not justify its high cost. It is also clear that the general population in favelas want more primary rights met like access to health care, the installation of sewer systems, and competent schools as their priority.

En el presente trabajo de investigación se analiza y estima el impacto económico y social del servicio de transporte público masivo El Metropolitano que utiliza como infraestructura el Corredor Segregado de Alta Capacidad – Cosac I. Este sistema se ha constituido como el principal medio de transporte de la ciudad de Lima por atributos como: la formalidad de su servicio, la infraestructura que ofrece, su modernidad, la rapidez, entre otros aspectos que se desarrollan en las siguientes páginas. El documento está dividido en ocho capítulos. El primero está referido a los fundamentos teóricos de la investigación, el segundo contiene una breve descripción de la realidad del transporte urbano de pasajeros y de los sistemas de transporte que existen en Lima Metropolitana, la oferta actual y en este marco, se contextualiza la problemática detectada en cuanto a la informalidad, falta de regulación, baja calidad del servicio e infraestructura para la movilidad urbana en la ciudad. El tercer capítulo desarrolla la finalidad, los objetivos, justificación y alcance de la investigación. El cuarto capítulo aborda los supuestos, la hipótesis, variables e indicadores que pretendemos comprobar. Seguidamente, en el quinto capítulo se describe la metodología utilizada para realizar esta investigación y, en el sexto capítulo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de las encuestas, así como su respectiva interpretación. Por último, en el capítulo séptimo se exponen las conclusiones de la investigación realizada y en el octavo, se plasman las recomendaciones que corresponden, que esperamos sean consideradas como aporte a la gestión pública en materia de transporte. / This document of investigation measured and analyzed the economic and social impact of mass public transport service so-called “El Metropolitano” which uses as infrastructure the High Capacity Segregated Roadway  – COSAC I. This system has been established as the main means of transport of the city of Lima by attributes such as: the formality of its service, the infrastructure it offers, modernity, speed  among other aspects  that are further developed on the next chapters. The document is divided into eight chapters. The first, is related to the theoretical foundations of the research; the second chapter contains a brief description of the reality of urban passenger transport and of the transportation systems that exist in Lima Metropolitana, the existing transport offer and within that framework, the problematic detected in terms of informality, lack of regulation and low quality of service and infrastructure for urban mobility in the city. The third chapter develops the purpose, objectives, justification and scope of investigation. The fourth chapter addresses the assumptions, hypotheses, variables and indicators that we intend to verify. Next, the fifth chapter describes the methodology used to carry out this research and, in the sixth chapter the surveys outcome are presented along with the interpretation. Finally, in the seventh chapter, the conclusions of the research carried out are presented and in the eighth, the corresponding recommendations are presented, which can be a contribution to public management in the area of ​​transportation. / Trabajo de investigación

Algunas empresas están disminuyendo sus ingresos por una mala imagen creada por la percepción popular de ser contaminantes, a las que no les importa consumir recursos naturales sin tener un plan sostenible para proteger el medio ambiente. Según Pulse of the Profession® In-Depth Report: Why Social Impact Matters de noviembre del 2020, se afirma que el impacto social es una preocupación para las organizaciones. Se demostró que las prioridades corporativas apuntan no solo a proyectos específicos para sus interesados sino también a la sociedad en su conjunto y eso implica inevitablemente aspectos medio ambientales y educativos. A través de la metodología de Design Thinking, la consultora Consulting & Services S.A. diseña y desarrolla un modelo de gestión de impacto social que permite contrarrestar esta mala imagen. La aplicación de esta metodología permite que este modelo se adecue a la real necesidad de las empresas industriales y a su estrategia corporativa, mediante pasos iterativos para lograr un servicio óptimo que se alinee a las necesidades del usuario final. Se planifica un proyecto piloto del modelo de gestión aplicando las buenas prácticas presentes en la sexta edición guía del Project Management Body of Knowlegde, en adelante PMBOK® sexta edición, del Project Management Institute (PMI®). Esto permite cumplir con todos los requisitos del cliente respecto al tiempo, costo y calidad. Para la consultora los resultados financieros son: VAN que asciende a S/54,532.22 y la TIR es de 14%. / Some enterprises are reducing their income due to a bad image created by the popular perception of being polluting, which do not mind consuming natural resources without having a sustainable plan to protect the environment. According to Pulse of the Profession® In-Depth Report: Why Social Impact Matters from November 2020, it is stated that social impact is a major concern for organizations. It was shown that corporate priorities point not only to specific projects for their stakeholders but also to society as a whole and that inevitably involves environmental and educational aspects. Through the Design Thinking methodology, a social impact management model is designed and developed by the consulting firm Consulting & Services S.A. to allow counteraction of this bad image. The application of this methodology allows this model to adapt to the real needs of industrial companies and their corporate strategy, through the application of iterative steps to achieve an optimal service that is aligned to the needs of the end user. A pilot project of the management model is planned by applying good practices found in the sixth edition of the Project Management Body of Knowledge, hereinafter PMBOK® sixth edition, of the Project Management Institute (PMI). This allows meeting all customer requirements regarding time, cost and quality. For the consulting firm, the financial results are: NPV of S / 54,532.22 and an IRR of 14%. / Trabajo de investigación

Se ve al emprendimiento social como el futuro del emprendimiento, pues se requiere que las empresas se involucren más con la resolución de problemas sociales (Goyal, Sergi y Jaiswal, 2016). El presente estudio aborda el campo del emprendimiento social y emprendimiento tradicional, analizados desde su impacto en la sociedad, con el objetivo de contrastar las diferentes posturas sobre el emprendimiento social y tradicional. Es un estudio comparativo con enfoque hermenéutico, basado en la lectura y análisis de papers entre los años 2010 al 2020. Este trabajo describe cómo el concepto del emprendimiento social no tiene consenso y en cuanto al emprendimiento tradicional, se observan diversas definiciones lo que genera una confusión en algunos investigadores. Además, de las características del emprendimiento se distingue al social por tener fines sociales y económicos, a diferencia del tradicional cuyo fin primordial es incrementar sus recursos financieros, privilegiando el talento humano y las funciones que debe desempeñar. De lado de la evaluación del impacto social, se observó que existen diferentes métodos, sobre todo para el emprendimiento social, sobre el que algunos autores hacen notar el carácter subjetivo que puede tomar la medición. Por último, una de las principales problemáticas que enfrenta el emprendimiento es la dificultad en el acceso a financiamiento, que en el caso de las empresas sociales, se hace más crítico. Aunado a ello los emprendedores sociales tienen desafíos por el doble objetivo que persiguen: social y económico. / Social entrepreneurship is seen as the future of entrepreneurship, since companies are required to become more involved with solving social problems (Goyal, Sergi and Jaiswal, 2016). This study addresses the field of social entrepreneurship and traditional entrepreneurship, analyzed from their impact on society, with the aim of contrasting the different positions on social and traditional entrepreneurship. It is a comparative study with a hermeneutical approach, based on the reading and analysis of papers from 2010 to 2020. This work describes how the concept of social entrepreneurship does not have a consensus and as for traditional entrepreneurship, concepts based on different variables and their creation are observed. In addition, the characteristics of the enterprise distinguish the social one for having social and economic purposes, unlike the traditional whose primary purpose is to increase its financial resources, prioritizing human talent and the functions that it must perform. On the side of the evaluation of social impact, it was observed that there are different methods, especially for social entrepreneurship, on which some authors note the subjective nature that measurement can take. Finally, one of the main problems faced by entrepreneurship is the difficulty in accessing financing, which in the case of social enterprises, becomes more critical. In addition to this, social entrepreneurs face challenges due to the double objective they pursue: social and economic. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

El presente trabajo estudia el uso del documental “Hija de la laguna” como pieza de videoactivismo en el Perú, en específico, se elabora una metodología cualitativa para analizar los comentarios albergados en el tráiler del documental, el cual continúa generando gran expectativa debido a que toca temas coyunturales que vemos reflejados en el país. Para conocer qué tipo de interacción se genera alrededor del tráiler en cuestión, se explican términos que corresponden al impacto social generado por el producto audiovisual que se analiza. Cabe señalar, que en vista de que se considera videoactivismo, busca expresar la importancia que tiene para llegar a las personas y lograr un cambio positivo. La intención es demostrar cómo el tráiler da voz a aquellos que carecen de ella en defensa del respeto al medio ambiente y lucha de la comunidad por los derechos humanos. Por tanto, aprovechando la información proporcionada, se plantea un paradigma interpretativo con un diseño de estudio de caso que delimita a través de una guía análisis de interacción, los comentarios de los usuarios que visualizan el tráiler del documental “Hija de la laguna – Daughter of the lake” a través de la plataforma de YouTube. Así mismo, para comprender mejor la unidad analizada, se opta por desarrollar una guía de análisis narrativa, a través de una investigación descriptiva, al cual se le suma, el análisis de interacción que aborda las dimensiones: visibilidad y alcance, marcos y valores, afinidad y apoyo y prácticas comunicativas. / This paper studies the use of the documentary "Daughter of the Lagoon" as a piece of video activism in Peru, specifically, a qualitative methodology is elaborated to analyze the comments in the trailer of the documentary, which continues to generate great expectation because it touches on current issues that we see reflected in the country. To know what kind of interaction is generated around the trailer in question, terms that correspond to the social impact generated by the audiovisual product under analysis are explained. It should be noted that since it is considered video activism, it seeks to express the importance it has to reach people and achieve a positive change. The intention is to demonstrate how the trailer gives voice to those who lack it in defense of respect for the environment and community struggle for human rights. Therefore, taking advantage of the information provided, an interpretive paradigm is proposed with a case study design that delimits through an interaction analysis guide, the comments of users who view the trailer of the documentary "Daughter of the lake - Daughter of the lake" through the YouTube platform. Likewise, to better understand the analyzed unit, we chose to develop a narrative analysis guide, through descriptive research, to which is added the interaction analysis that addresses the dimensions: visibility and reach, frames and values, affinity and support, and communicative practices. / Trabajo de investigación

[pt] Na dissertação Filmes para mudar o mundo - produção e distribuição de documentários de impacto social, investigamos uma nova metodologia de realização de obras do gênero a partir da associação da narrativa documental com um projeto de comunicação estratégica. O documentário de impacto social é construído para ser o centro de um projeto maior, com vistas a propor transformações objetivas na sociedade, ou mesmo ações no intuito de contribuir com mudanças de mentalidade a respeito de problemas específicos. Ativistas, organizações da sociedade civil e simpatizantes engajados atuam em parceria com a equipe do filme, basicamente por meio de práticas crossmídia e advocacy, ampliando seu alcance de público e potencial persuasivo. Da mesma forma, podem dispor do documentário para fomentar debates em seus grupos de origem, num jogo de ganha-ganha. Em termos metodológicos, partimos dos primórdios do documentário social britânico, com seu projeto de educação cívica através do cinema, até a abordagem de iniciativas contemporâneas, dialogando com autores como Brian Winston, Thomas Austin e Jane Chapman, com pesquisas que ajudam a entender as principais questões em torno das condições de existência e do desenvolvimento das formas de produção do cinema documentário. Tratamos também dos problemas da distribuição e da audiência em seu sentido mais amplo, considerando os contextos históricos ditados por questões tecnológicas, de mercado e de comportamentos do público. Veremos ainda como é organizada a campanha de impacto de documentários a partir de dois estudos de caso brasileiros: Menino 23 – infâncias perdidas no Brasil (BRASIL, 2016), e Paratodos (BRASIL, 2016). / [en] In the dissertation Films to change the world – production and distribution of social impact documentaries, we investigate a new methodology of making works of this genre from the association of documentary narrative with a strategic communication project. The social impact documentary is built to be the center of a larger project, aiming to propose objective transformations in society, or even actions in order to contribute to a change of mentality regarding specific problems. Activists, civil society organizations and engaged sympathizers begin to act together with the film team, basically through crossmedia and advocacy practices, expanding its audience reach and persuasive potential. In the same way, they can use the documentary to foster debates in their home groups, in a win-win game. In methodological terms, we start from the beginnings of the British social documentary, with civic education project through cinema, to approach contemporary initiatives, dialoguing with authors such as Brian Winston, Thomas Austin and Jane Chapman, with research that helps to understand the main issues in around the conditions of existence and the development of the forms of production of documentary cinema; We also deal with distribution issues; and the audience in its broadest sense, considering the historical contexts dictated by technological, market and public behavior issues. We will also see how the impact campaign of documentaries is organized from two Brazilian case studies: Boy 23 – The Forgotten Boys of Brazil (BR, 2016), and 4All (BR, 2016).

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-07-06T18:59:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Artur dos Santos Lencini.pdf: 747942 bytes, checksum: eecb7ef70632b7312b7840448523e543 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-06T18:59:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Artur dos Santos Lencini.pdf: 747942 bytes, checksum: eecb7ef70632b7312b7840448523e543 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / Nenhuma / O estudo da inovação social é baseado na identificação de oportunidades e melhorias para a vida do indivíduo e a sua difusão para a sociedade como forma de amenizar o desequilíbrio social. A organização e o empreendedor social desempenham papel preponderante no processo de implementar a inovação social. Com esse foco, o presente estudo apresenta a matriz do empreendedorismo social como um pano de fundo para compreender a interação entre empreendedor e organização. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo geral analisar diferentes tipos de organizações sob a ótica da matriz do empreendedorismo social que implantam práticas de inovação social e os impactos causados na vida dos beneficiários. O referencial teórico apresenta a evolução do conceito e focos de estudo da inovação social, o empreendedorismo social e suas características, a organização social vista sob a abordagem de negócios sociais e a visão sobre a aplicação da matriz do empreendedorismo social. A pesquisa classifica-se de cunho descritiva e qualitativa, com entrevistas com empreendedores sociais e beneficiários das ações de inovação social das organizações estudadas, de acordo com a classificação dos quadrantes da matriz. Foi utilizado um roteiro semiestruturado, contendo perguntas abertas relacionadas as categorias como: características empreendedoras, desafios, perspectivas futuras e benefícios sociais . A análise dos dados foi por meio da análise de conteúdo e relação entre as categorias de análise. Os resultados indicaram que as organizações possuem características distintas apontadas pelo modelo adotado pela matriz do empreendedorismo social, havendo dificuldades de classifica-las adequadamente. A realização pessoal dos empreendedores está relacionada aos benefícios sociais proporcionados aos indivíduos e a comunidade. Os impactos da inovação social apresentam-se de forma clara e transparente para os beneficiários, pois resultam em melhoria da qualidade de vida de forma sustentável, expressos em autossuficiência individual, familiar, comunitária e organizacional. / The study of social innovation is based on the identification of opportunities and improvements to the individual’s life and its dissemination to society as a way to mitigate the social imbalance. The organization and social entrepreneur play a preponderant role in the process of implementing social innovation. With this focus, this study brings the social entrepreneurship array as background to understand the interaction between entrepreneur and organization. This research aims at analyzing different types of organizations implementing social innovation and the motivations of entrepreneurs and its impacts. The theoretical presents the evolution of the concept and focus of the study of social innovation, social entrepreneurship and its characteristics, social organization and approach on the social entrepreneurship matrix. The research is classified as descriptive and qualitative. We have conducted interviews with entrepreneurs and beneficiaries. We have used a semi-structured guide. It contains open questions which are related to entrepreneurial characteristics, motivation, challenges, future prospects and social benefits. Data analysis consists of content analysis and relationship between categories. The results indicated that organizations have distinct characteristics identified by the social entrepreneurship array. We have had difficulty to properly classify the characteristics in the social entrepreneurship matrix. The motivations of entrepreneurs are related to family background, social vision and personal fulfillment participate in social transformation that occurs in the individual life or in the community. The impacts of social innovation are clear and transparent to beneficiaries. The result of impacts improved quality of life. These results are expressed in individual, family and organizational selfsufficiency.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-04-25T18:40:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Viegas da Silva_.pdf: 2226777 bytes, checksum: c8336debde594e1996145e1ea198170d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:40:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Viegas da Silva_.pdf: 2226777 bytes, checksum: c8336debde594e1996145e1ea198170d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-21 / Nenhuma / Diante dos problemas sociais com os quais o segmento de baixa renda tem se deparado, há grande preocupação na busca por soluções sociais e mercadológicas que possam contribuir para minimizar os efeitos do déficit social ocasionado na população situada na base da pirâmide econômica. Nesse contexto, os negócios sociais ganharam notoriedade no cenário acadêmico, organizacional e midiático, ao se posicionarem como uma nova alternativa que contribui para a promoção das transformações sociais direcionadas a população de baixa renda, promovendo a inclusão social e econômica. Isso acontece por meio dos produtos e serviços ofertados pelos negócios sociais para esse público, os quais visam solucionar dificuldades sociais, levando em consideração o impacto individual e coletivo. Assim, este estudo buscou compreender como o negócio social contribui para promover transformações sociais no mercado direcionado à população de baixa renda. Para tanto, toma-se como base teórica as abordagens negócios sociais e transformações sociais. Esta pesquisa de campo tem como foco um caso particular, que é o do Banco Bem, localizado em Vitória, no Espírito Santo. Desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, organizada em duas fases distintas. A primeira buscou a identificação dos diferentes tipos de inclusão, além dos que a abordagem negócio social tradicionalmente apresenta, e a identificação dos fatores facilitadores e dificultadores que interferem na promoção das transformações sociais. Essa primeira fase foi desenvolvida por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 diferentes atores envolvidos com o negócio social estudado, abrangendo a gestora, os agentes de créditos e os seus beneficiários. Posteriormente, os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. A segunda fase aborda a trajetória de vida, que analisa a experiência individual de três pessoas da comunidade que foram beneficiadas pelo Banco Bem e tiveram suas vidas impactadas por esse negócio. Como principais resultados, o estudo aponta a identificação de novos tipos de inclusão que um negócio social pode gerar, além da social e econômica, e a identificação de outros fatores que facilitam e dificultam a promoção das transformações sociais. A trajetória de vida como relato das transformações sociais sinalizou que a realidade individual e econômica das pessoas entrevistadas foi modificada a partir do momento em que elas foram beneficiadas pelas ações do Banco Bem. Os depoimentos destacaram os benefícios e as mudanças na vida dessas pessoas e da comunidade. Todos destacaram questões do contexto social da comunidade, demonstrando um olhar diferenciado sobre os benefícios usufruídos. As transformações sociais promovidas pelo Banco Bem, na comunidade de baixa renda, estão associadas a resultados, como, por exemplo, valorização das pessoas, diminuição da vulnerabilidade social, nova realidade social e econômica, empoderamento comunitário, integração e engajamento comunitário e escolhas de novas oportunidades sociais e econômicas para o desenvolvimento humano local. / Facing the social problems that the low-income segment have faced, there is great concern in the search for social and market solutions that can help to minimize the effects of the social deficit caused in the population at the base of the economic pyramid. In this context, the social business got notoriety in the academic, organizational and media scenery to take position itself as a new alternative that contributes to the promotion of social transformation addressed to the low-income population, promoting social and economic inclusion. This happens through the products and services offered by the social business to this audience that aim to solve social problems, taking into account the individual and collective impact. This study tried to understand how the social business helps to promote social changings in the market targeted to low-income population. Therefore, it takes as a theoretical base as social business approaches and social transformations and field research addresses one single case study made at Banco Bem, in Vitória (ES). Therefore, a qualitative research was developed, organized into two distinct phases: the first tried to identify the different types of inclusion, in addition to the social business approach traditionally features and identify the facilitating and inhibiting factors that interfere with the promotion of social changings. This first phase was developed through semi-structured interviews with 15 different actors involved in the social business studied as the manager, and their beneficiaries. Later, the data were analyzed from the content analysis. The second phase focuses with the life path, which analyzes the individual experience of three people in the community who were benefited by the Banco Bem and had their lives impacted by this business. The main results, the study shows the identification of new types of inclusion that can generate a social business, as well as social and economic, and the identification of other factors that facilitate and makes the promotion of social changings difficult. The trajectory of life as reporting of social changings signaled that the individual and economic reality of the people interviewed has been modified from the moment they were benefited by the actions of the Banco Bem in the community. The statements highlighted the benefits and changings in their lives and the community. All of them highlighted the community's social context issues, demonstrating a differentiated looking at the acquired benefits. The social changings promoted by the Banco Bem in low-income community are associated with results as for instance , valuing people, the reduction of social vulnerability, new social and economic reality, community empowerment, integration and community engagement and new opportunities social and economic choices for local human development.