Previous studies have shown that companies behind applications and websites are using strategic ways of manipulating and misleading their users, often through interface and design. This behavior is described in terms of dark patterns. The main reason for these deceptive ways is to trick users into doing things they may not intended to do from the beginning, for example sharing of personal data and exposing more of their privacy than what is needed for the purpose of the service. Dating through different applications has become a more common way to find love. What these apps usually have in common is the need for gathering personal data from their uses, and in many cases this includes sensitive personal data like sexual orientation. Because of this, the purpose of the study was to examine whether dating apps care for their user’s integrity or also use suspect ways to manipulate through structure, design and content. Five of the most used dating apps in Sweden were observed through a qualitative content analysis with a focus on aspects that are relevant in information architecture. The results showed that all of the apps were using design in manipulative ways and two of them even made it impossible to quit the account after registration. These discoveries really raises questions about whether it is ethical of companies to work in this way and if they care more about their own gain than their users’ integrity.

The aim of this bachelor thesis was to examine how users at a retail company perceive intranet as an information and communication tool and if and how methods and theories from information architecture (IA) could be used to improve both the usability and the user experience. Using two complementary qualitative methods the study investigates how the users are experiencing the intranet as an information- and communication tool. Methods used were semi structured interviews and an inquiry. The results of the study show that the intranet supports mainly the store employees and not the whole company, which leads it to overweigh as an information rather than a communication tool. Findings within the area of IA concerning usability and user experience was, that even with a centralized organization working towards usability goals, there were still improvement areas, mainly within findability. Improved descriptions of the intranet content could be reached through a labelling policy. Some issues were also noted within outdated content. Conclusion reached in this thesis supports previous peer reviewed studies, showing that intranet engagement would improve for the entire company if an intranet strategy ow

Research relating to VUIs (voice user interface) such as voice assistants like Siri, Google Home, and Alexa has mostly been focused on general usage, error handling, and privacy concerns. This study focuses on mental models in relation to VUI - how users' presumptions about scope and how VUIs work match the reality. Specifically, this study aims to find out how mental models of VUIs form and evolve as well as whether or not mental models of VUIs affect usage. An online survey directed towards Google Home users showed its respondents, mainly identified as early adopters and primary users, showcasing a good mental model of Google Home together with frequent and varied usage as well as self-expressed knowledge. Due to suspected distortion of results caused by recruiting from an interest group on Facebook, study results are not considered to be representative to the population (VUI users in Sweden). This study showed that users base their mental models of VUIs around conventions found in human-to-human conversation and that these mental models evolve through feedback and error handling and can be improved by users exploring and testing more use cases for the VUI.

The purpose of the study is to investigate how older adults perceive applications for m-health and how m-health applications meet usability factors. And through this be able to analyze shortcomings based on the results. The result will hopefully be useful in the further development of m-health applications in the future. The study has designed theoretical startingpoints based on established usability principles and created an analytical framework for measuring and investigating usability on m-health applications. To measure the principles the study is based on a survey, where the respondents were allowed to express their attitudes. The survey was shared via social media, partly through private messages but also public posts and appropriate groups, where respondents aged 46 and older were requested. The result of the study indicates that the respondents have a relatively good attitude to m-health applications and their usefulness, although there is room for some improvements. The shortcomings that could be identified were partly the visual appearance that some of the respondents considered relatively bland. By analyzing all the principles, it could also be concluded that the structure and findability could be simpler to satisfy a larger part of the target group.

In today's society, usability is an essential principle for developers to handle when developing any system, webpage, or e-service. Usability is important for all types of users. However, it seems that young adults are more or less likely taken for granted when developing usability for their target group. Thus, this study will identify what is important for young adults when usability is required. A case study has been performed to gather data through a qualitative study, including a think aloud-test followed by a semi-structured interview. A theoretical framework has been created, that builds on different aspects of usability: learnability, accessibility, comprehensibility, navigation, flexibility, and discoverability. The study has chosen to focus on these aspects since they are relevant for what the study aims to examines. By using the theoretical framework and analyzing the results, the study reached its conclusion. The conclusion of the study is that the aspects of usability that are important for young adult sare: comprehensibility, accessibility, and navigation.

This study examines how visual and user-generated content affects user engagement training brands' Instagram account. The use of social media has increased in recent years. And it is now an important tool for companies when it comes to reaching out to consumers and engaging with them. But there is still a big knowledge gap when it comes to how information architecture model favorable engagement is achieved. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by using the to find out which kind of content generates the most engagement in the shape of likes on the Instagram post. This study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative collection methods to analyze how the relationship between content, context and user work together to create a favorable information ecology. The study was conducted through semi-structured interviews. And content analysis on selected companies' Instagram accounts. The results showed that users are more likely to engage with a company in a context they find trustworthy. The study also shows that companies should focus on a brand's related content. With a strong focus on their products. They should also avoid content that is time consuming for the users.

This study aims to examine what makes people engage on the social media platform Instagram. Marketing on social media is becoming more and more popular and the biggest difference compared to traditional media is that the users of social media are participants in the marketing process. Engaged participants are thus a prerequisite for successful marketing on social media. How engagement on social media is created was investigated through a quantitative content analysis of three Swedish amusement parks' Instagram accounts, where the purpose was to find out which category of motifs in images resulted in the highest and lowest number of likes. The images were all posted in the summer of 2017. The results of the content analysis were afterwards used in qualitative semi-structured interviews in order to find out why some image motifs engaged more than others. By analyzing the results with an analysis tool based on previous studies, the results were reached. The results showed that images with motifs of amusement parks' various rides and pool attractions achieved the highest numbers of likes on average because they created a high level of emotional engagement among users. Processed images, which contained text and graphic elements, achieved the lowest number of likes on average. The processed image motif created a low degree of engagement as the images were not considered visually appealing, nor did they produce positive feelings or happy memories to the same extent as the motifs in the category of rides and pool attractions.

The aim of the study was to perform a systematic literature review to locate the field of researches about fake news in social media. In addition, the purpose was also to investigate what type of social media were used in each of the studies. The amount of articles that were used in the systematic literature review is 13. The use of the method contributes to a deeper understanding of how far we have come to combat fake news in social media. In this study we use the definition of fake news to be articles that purposely mislead a reader by using fabricated news. The problem with fake news is that the term is relatively new and it’s happening considerably on the digital front. Based on the result from the method we noticed several types of tools to combat fake news in different social media platforms.

One of many challenges in information architecture is to simplify information and make it understandable. In order to make sense of abstract data such as statistical information and to reach out to many, there are several methods and digital tools to be used to visualize the statistics. This thesis has been studying how Statistics Sweden is working to make their information reach the public. Focusing on usability, based on UX design principles, a quantitative case study was conducted with two data collection methods applied: semi-structured interview and web page analysis. The result of the study shows that Statistics Sweden is consistently working to make information accessible to the public and to present statistical information in relation to the design principles. However, there are areas which can be improved including variation in how the statistics are presented and that they to a greater extent can use digital tools to visualize the statistics in a more interesting way.

E-commerce is the activity of selling or buying products and services over the internet. Because of its growing popularity, online businesses must ensure their websites are trusted by their consumers in order to achieve success. Previous research shows that consumer trust in e-commerce can be affected by three key aspects of web design: navigation, information and visual design. It also suggests that demographic factors such as gender might influence how trust is perceived. However, very few studies discuss the importance of the design aspects in relation to gender which is of relevance to better understand how to design websites for different target groups. This bachelor thesis aims to examine the relationship between consumer trust, web design and gender in the context of e-commerce in Sweden. To explore any potential correlations, a mixed method research design was applied. Firstly, a document analysis was applied to the website used in the study to evaluate the design aspects. Secondly, a survey was conducted to explore possible patterns between gender, web design and trust. The result confirmed a relationship between web design and trust. It also showed a significant difference between each gender’s interaction with information design, suggesting that information is more important to women than men to enhance increased amounts of trust. Lastly, the additional aspects of security and marketing need to be considered when designing a trustworthy website.