Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-15T20:31:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaMLC_DISSERT.pdf: 376086 bytes, checksum: 6cc2087169356ecaaea114c5ab16c007 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-22 / Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária / The present work aimed to determine the serum biochemical panel and erythocytogram from sheep of Morada Nova breed, and to verify the variation of these parameters promoted by gender, age and body condition score. The study was conducted in nine herds, two from Ceará state, five from Rio Grande do Norte state and two from Paraíba state, Brazil. It was used 249 clinically health sheep of Morada Nova breed; the gender, age and body condition score were recorded from each animal. It was collected blood samples for determination of the serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, total proteins, albumin, globulins and thyroxine (T4), the serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), the number of erythrocytes, and the packed cell volume (PCV). From the obtained results, it was observed that the number of erythrocytes and PCV from Morada Nova sheep were equivalent to the average of those presented by the remaining sheep. Furthermore, the evaluated serum biochemical panel from Morada Nova sheep did not present variation from the reference interval established for the species, except for lower levels of globulins and higher albumin/globulins ratio. It was also verified that the serum biochemical panel was affected by gender, age, and body score condition. / O presente trabalho teve por objetivo determinar o perfil bioquímico sério e eritrocitário em ovinos da raça Morada Nova e verificar as variações destes parâmetros em função do sexo, idade e condição de escore corporal. O estudo foi conduzido em nove rebanhos, sendo dois do estado do Ceará, cinco do estado Rio Grande do Norte e dois do estado da Paraíba. Foram utilizados 249 ovinos da raça Morada Nova, clinicamente saudáveis; o sexo, a idade e o escore corporal de cada animal foram anotados. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue para determinação das concentrações séricas de glicose, colesterol, triglicérides, uréia, creatinina, proteínas totais, albumina e tiroxina (T4), das atividade séricas de aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e alanina aminotransferase (ALT), do número de eritrócitos e do volume globular. Pelos resultados obtidos, foi verificado que o perfil eritrocitário dos ovinos da raça Morada Nova foi equivalente ao apresentado pela média os demais ovinos. Além disto, os parâmetros bioquímicos séricos avaliados nos ovinos Morada Nova não apresentaram variação em relação aos valores de normalidade para a espécie, exceto menor concentração de globulinas e maior relação albumina/globulinas. Também foi verificado que o perfil bioquímico sérico foi afetado por sexo, idade e condição de escore corporal.

Les consuls de France constituent un corps de professionnels aux liens étroits. Ils ont pour mission de défendre les intérêts de la France et d’informer le ministère des Affaires étrangères de tout ce qu’ils observent. Leur mission n’est pas uniquement économique et politique. Ils doivent veiller à l’image de la France, image qu’ils contribuent à former. Dans les années 1820, face à l’insurrection grecque, ils promeuvent l’image d’une France dont la principale préoccupation serait l’humanité. Grâce à sa neutralité, elle se situerait au-dessus de la mêlée, ne travaillant qu’au bien et au bonheur de tous. Les consuls s’appuient sur cette image de la France pour défendre l’idée que leur pays se doit d’exercer une « domination morale » dans l’intérêt de tous et au nom de la civilisation européenne qu’elle incarne. En s’appuyant sur leurs représentations de l’altérité, ils en viennent à justifier l’ingérence de la France dans la crise opposant les insurgés grecs et les Ottomans, puis au sein de l’Empire ottoman et du Royaume de Grèce, à partir des années 1830. Influencés par les idées de fraternité et de responsabilité collective issues du philhellénisme et influencés par le saint-simonisme, les consuls de France contribuent à la création de la notion de mission civilisatrice dont les États européens seraient investis. À partir des années 1820, persuadés de la supériorité de la France, ils en viennent à soutenir de nombreux projets de colonisation dans tous les territoires de l’Orient grec. / The consuls of France are professionals' corps. They have for mission to defend the interests of France and to inform the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of all that they observe. Their mission is not only economic and political. They care for France’s image, image which they contribute to form. In 1820s, facing Greek insurrection, they promote the image of France which main concern would be humanity. Thanks to its neutrality, France would be above the conflict, working only for the happiness of all. The consuls lean on this image of France to promote the idea that their country has to exercise a "moral domination" in the interest of all and in the name of the European civilisation which she represents. By leaning on their representations of the Alterity, they justify the interference of France in the crisis among the Greek insurgents and the Ottoman, then within Ottoman Empire and Kingdom of Greece, from 1830s. Influenced by the ideas of fraternity and of collective liability inherited French revolution and Philhellenism and influenced by Saint-Simonianism, the consuls of France contribute to the creation of the notion of civilizing mission, which the European State would be invested. From 1820s, persuaded of the superiority of France, they start supporting numerous projects of colonization in all territories of the Greek East.

Alpha-ketoglutaric acid (AKGA) is an organic acid important for the metabolism of essential amino acids as well as for the transfer of cellular energy. It is a precursor of glutamic acid which is produced by the human body during the Krebs Cycle. AKGA has a specific industrial interest as it can be taken as a dietary supplement and is also widely used as a building block in chemical synthesis. Collectively termed as hydrazine (HZs), hydrazine (HZ) and monomethylhydrazine (MMH) are hypergolic fuels that do not need an ignition source to burn. Because of the particular HZs' characteristics the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) at Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and the US Air Force at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) consistently use HZ and MMH as hypergolic propellants. These propellants are highly reactive and toxic, and have carcinogenic properties. The handling, transport, and disposal of HZ waste are strictly regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) to protect human health and the environment. Significant quantities of wastewater containing residuals of HZ and MMH are generated at KSC and CCAFS that are subsequently disposed off-site as hazardous waste. This hazardous waste is shipped for disposal over public highways, which presents a potential threat to the public and the environment in the event of an accidental discharge in transit. NASA became aware of research done using AKGA to neutralize HZ waste. This research indicated that AKGA transformed HZ in an irreversible reaction potentially leading to the disposal of the hypergols via the wastewater treatment facility located at CCAFS eliminating the need to transport most of the HZ waste off-site. New Mexico Highlands University (NMHU) has researched this transformation of HZ by reaction with AKGA to form stabilized pyridazine derivatives. NMHU's research suggests that the treatment of HZ and MMH using AKGA is an irreversible reaction; once the reaction takes place, HZ and/or MMH cannot re-form from the byproducts obtained. However, further knowledge relating to the ultimate end products of the reaction, and their effects on human health and the environment, must still be addressed. The known byproduct of the AKGA/HZ neutralization reaction is 6-oxo-1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-pyridazine-3-carboxylic acid (PCA), and the byproduct of the AKGA/MMH reaction is 1-methyl-6-oxo-4,5-dihydro-pyridazine-3-carboxylic acid (mPCA). This research addressed several primary areas of interest to further the potential use of AKGA for HZ and MMH neutralization: 1) isolation of the end-product of the MMH-AKGA degradation process, 1-methyl-6-oxo-4,5-dihydro-pyridazine-3-carboxylic acid (mPCA), and determination of several physical properties of this substance, 2) evaluation of the kinetics of the reaction of AKGA with HZ or MMH, 3) verification of the chemical mechanism for the reaction of the individual hypergols with AKGA, 4) determination of whether the addition of a silicone-based antifoaming agent (AF), citric acid (CA) and/or isopropyl alcohol (IPA) to the AKGA and HZ or MMH solution interferes with the degradation reaction, 4) application of laboratory bench scale experiments in field samples, and 5) determination of the reaction enthalpy of these reactions.

Cette thèse se place dans le domaine du transport quantique cohérent, et vise à développer un formalisme adapté à la modélisation d'expériences réalisées dans les canaux de bord de l'effet Hall quantique entier. Ce formalisme repose sur les analogies entre ces expériences et celles de l'optique quantique photonique.Le manuscrit commence par une introduction au contexte de la thèse qui propose un tour d'horizon des enjeux, des outils et des succès de l'optique quantique électronique.La première partie du travail traite des propriétés de cohérence mono-électronique et introduit la notion clé d'excès de cohérence à un électron. Plusieurs représentations sont proposées et analysées, permettant d’accéder aux informations physiques contenues dans la fonction de cohérence. Les états émis par des sources à électrons utilisées par plusieurs groupes expérimentaux sont ensuite analysés sous cet angle.Les effets à deux électrons sont au cœur de la seconde partie. L'excès de cohérence à deux électrons est défini en prenant en compte les effets de corrélation classique et d'échange quantique. Les conséquences de l'anti-symétrie fermionique sont également analysées en détail, montrant une redondance dans les informations encodées dans la cohérence à deux électrons. Enfin, un degré de cohérence normalisé est introduit pour étudier plus directement les effets d'indiscernabilité et d'anti-bunching.La mesure et la manipulation de la cohérence électronique par interférométrie sont abordées dans la troisième partie. Dans un premier temps, le lien entre les fonctions de cohérence électronique et les quantités directement accessibles dans les expériences est établi, ce qui justifie le besoin de protocoles plus complexes. La mesure d'excès de cohérence à un électron est alors envisagée par interférométrie Mach-Zehnder à un électron, puis par interférométrie Hong-Ou-Mandel à deux électrons, ce qui suggère une interprétation plus simple d'un protocole de tomographie électronique établi en 2011. Un protocole de mesure de l'excès de cohérence à deux électrons est ensuite proposé par interférométrie de type Franson, étendant les idées relatives à la mesure de cohérence à un électron par un interféromètre de Mach-Zehnder. Enfin, une vision complémentaire est apportée sur l'interféromètre de Franson, en utilisant celui-ci cette fois pour générer une cohérence à deux électrons non locale. / This thesis deals with coherent quantum transport and aims at developing a formalism well suited to model experiments conducted in edge channels of integer quantum Hall effect. This formalism relies on analogies between these experiments and photon quantum optics ones.The manuscript begins with an introduction to the context of the thesis and an overview of issues, tools and successes of electron quantum optics.The first part of the work addresses the question of single electron coherence properties and introduces the key notion of excess of single electron coherence. Several representations are proposed and analyzed, giving access to physical informations encoded in the coherence function. The quantum states emitted by experimentally demonstrated electron sources are then analyzed under this perspective.Two electron effects are at the heart of the second part. The excess of two-electron coherence is defined taking into account both classical correction and quantum exchange effects. A detailed analysis of consequences of fermionic anti-symmetry is provided and shows that information encoded into two-electron coherence is redundant. Last, a normalized degree of coherence is introduced in view of a more direct study of indistinguishability and anti-bunching.The issue of measuring and manipulating electronic coherence by interferometry is addressed in the third part. First the relation between electronic coherence functions and directly measurable quantities in experiments is established, justifying the need for more involved measurement protocols. The measure of the excess of single electron coherence is envisioned through single electron Mach-Zehnder interferometry and two-electron Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry, suggesting a simpler interpretation of a tomography protocol established in 2011. A protocol for measuring the excess of two-electron coherence is then proposed by Franson-like interferometry, which generalizes the ideas used for measuring single electron coherence with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Last, a complementary point of view on Franson interferometer is given, by using it to generate a non-local two-electron coherence.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2019-03-20T14:41:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmem Barroso Ramos_.pdf: 15043586 bytes, checksum: 502827f5dd8fbcff7f2cbe1612373af7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-20T14:41:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmem Barroso Ramos_.pdf: 15043586 bytes, checksum: 502827f5dd8fbcff7f2cbe1612373af7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-10-29 / Nenhuma / Esta tese analisa a dinâmica sociocultural das Comunidades que vivem às margens do rio Preguiças, na região dos Lençóis Maranhenses. Nesse processo, pelo viés da história oral e sociocultural, centramo-nos em duas temporalidades de práticas distintas. Uma, onde as tradições seculares foram construídas a partir de suas narrativas (histórias, causos e provérbios), sua economia de autossustento, suas festas familiares, seus compadrios e seu tempo devagar. Outra, que tem como foco o tempo curto das multidões, dos espetáculos, do comércio lucrativo, da especulação imobiliária, do turismo. Esses dois tempos, essas duas culturas, esses dois valores provocam mudanças e conflitos. Os valores chegantes tentam sobrepor-se aos “velhos valores”. As interferências do turismo mudam as rotinas, as relações com o tempo e com a própria história das Comunidades. Assim, a partir da imersão dentro dos povoados de São Domingos, Boa Vista, Mangaba e Atins, sendo estes emblemáticos neste processo, buscamos o entendimento das interferências e permanências das tradições locais. / This thesis analyzes the sociocultural dynamics of the communities on the banks of the Preguiças river, in the Lençóis Maranhenses region. In this process, through the use of oral and sociocultural history, we focus on two temporalities of distinct practices: one where secular traditions were constructed from their narratives (histories, causes and proverbs), a self sustainable economy, their family celebrations, relationships and their slow time; the other is quick time, crowds, spectacles, profitable trade, real estate speculation, tourism. These two times, these two cultures, these two values bring about changes and conflicts. The incoming values try to override the "old values". The interferences of the tourism change the routines, the relations with the time and with the own history of the communities. Thus, from the immersion in the villages of São Domingos, Boa Vista, Mangaba and Atins, being these emblematic in this process, we seek the understanding of the interferences and permanences of the local traditions.

Ces dernières années, de considérables efforts expérimentaux ont été dévoués au développement d’outils de nanoélectronique quantique, dans le but d’atteindre un niveau de contrôle sur le transport électronique quantique à l’échelle de l’électron unique. Ces avancées ont poussé à un changement de paradigme dans le domaine du transport électronique cohérent et donné naissance à l’optique quantique électronique, domaine dans lequel cette thèse s’inscrit. Cette thèse est consacrée à deux problématiques. Tout d’abord, elle s’intéresse au problème des interactions Coulombiennes entre électrons, qui donnent lieu à un phénomène de décohérence qu’il est nécessaire de caractériser et de prédire au mieux afin de le contrôler. En utilisant une approche analytique et numérique, il a été possible de prédire l’effet de ces interactions sur un système expérimentalement accessible, prédiction qui a ensuite été confirmée par l’expérience. Dans la foulée de ce résultat, cette thèse présente des possibilités de contrôle de ces interactions, et propose un moyen de les mettre en œuvre qui devrait pouvoir être testé dans une expérience. Je me suis également confronté à la problématique de la caractérisation d’états quantiques complexes. En particulier, suite à la démonstration expérimentale d’un protocole de tomographie pour des états mono-électroniques, je me suis tourné vers l’extension de ce protocole à des états plus complexes, pouvant exhiber des propriétés de cohérence à deux électrons, voire plus. Ces états étant également sensibles aux interactions de Coulomb, une extension au cas multi-électronique des outils utilisés pour traiter ces interactions est proposée dans cette thèse. / Over the last few years, extensive experimental efforts have been devoted to thedevelopment of quantum nanoelectronics tools aiming at controlling electronic trans-port down to the single electron level. These advances led to a paradigm shift inthe domain of coherent electronic transport, giving birth to electron quantum optics,which is the domain of this work.This manuscript is devoted to two problems. The first of these is the one ofCoulomb interactions between electrons, which lead to a decoherence phenomenonthat must be characterized and predicted in order to be controlled. Using an analyt-ical and numerical approach, it became possible to predict the effect of interactionson an experimentally relevant system, a prediction that was then confirmed in the ex-periment. After this result, this manuscript displays some ideas aiming at controllinginteractions and proposes some ways to test them experimentally.In this work, I also took on the problem of characterizing complex quantum states.In particular, following the experimental demonstration of a tomography protocol forfirst order coherences, I tried to extend this protocol to more complex states thatcould exhibit two-electron coherences, or more. These states being also sensitive to Coulomb interactions, an extension of the tools used to treat interactions to thismulti-electronic state is also presented in this work.

La présente thèse est dédiée à l'étude du système vocalique de l'interlangue desMarocains étudiant la langue italienne (LE), et ce dans le but de déterminer lalangue qui a le plus d’influence sur la prononciation correcte des voyellesitaliennes: l’arabe (LM) ou le français (L2).La partie expérimentale de l’étude a eu lieu au sein de la Faculté de Ain Chock-Casablanca, au cours de l'année scolaire 2012-2013. Dans le but de constituer unebase de données, sur laquelle cette étude est basée, des étudiants ont étéenregistrés en train de lire une liste de phrases contenant des paires minimales.Pour vérifier leur prononciation nous nous sommes appuyé sur un groupe decontrôle natif de langue italienne. Toutes les données ont été, dans une secondephase, traitées avec Praat et analysées dans une feuille de calcul Excel (LFSAG).Pour la visualisation des voyelles nous avons utilisé le plan classique F1-F2.Après avoir analysé les différentes erreurs de prononciation des voyellesitaliennes, nous avons remarqué qu’elles sont souvent attribuables à des difficultésphonologiques dues à l'échange des phonèmes /i/ avec /e/ et /u/ avec /o/ et viceversa.Les résultats obtenus révèlent que l'interférence de la langue française estmoins importante et qu’elle se produit uniquement dans le cas des mots qui ont lemême aspect graphique. Aussi, l’étude réalisée montre que l’arabe est la languequi influe le plus sur la prononciation des voyelles italiennes.En effet, une analyse du système phonologique de la langue arabe et du dialectemarocain révèle qu’il se caractérise par des modalités d’articulation secondairesramenées traditionnellement au concept d’emphase. Ces dernières modifient letimbre de la consonne affectée qui, à son tour, détermine le timbre de la voyellequi l’entoure. Si l'articulation des voyelles italiennes est indépendante du contexteconsonantique, celle des voyelles arabes est en partie dépendante de la consonnequi les précède ou qui les suit. Au contact avec une consonne emphatique, letimbre des voyelles change, le /u/ est articulé comme [o], et le /i/ comme un [e] etvice-versa.Les résultats obtenus dans cette recherche confirment que les facteurs influençantla prononciation des voyelles italiennes sont les modalités emphatiques présentesen arabe. Ces difficultés peuvent être surmontées à l’aide d’exercices spécifiquespermettant aux étudiants d’acquérir de nouvelles habitudes d'articulation menant àune bonne prononciation de la langue italienne / This thesis is dedicated to the analysis of the vocalic system of the interlanguageof Moroccan students of Italian (FL). The aim of this work is to determine whichis the language that has the biggest influence on the pronunciation of Italianvowels: Arabic (NL) or French (L2).The empirical part of this research took place in the faculty of Ain Chock-Casablanca, during the academic year 2012-2013. The informants, on whose datathe research is based, were been recorded while reading a list of sentences whichcontains minimal pairs. In order to verify the correct pronunciation we used acontrol group of Italian natives (recorded at the University of Turin). All the oraldata were treated with PRAAT and analyzed in an electronic document (LFSAG).For visualization of the vowel spaces we opted for the measurement of the firstand the second formants and their display in F1-F2 diagrams.After analyzing the different errors of pronunciation of the Italian vowels wenoticed that they are attributable to phonological difficulties due to vocalicexchange of the phonemes /e/ with /i/ and /o/ with /u/ and vice-versa. Additionallythe results show that the interference of the French language less than expected,and only occurs when there are two words with the same graphical aspect. Arabic,on the other hand, as the mother tongue of all the informants, is the languagewhich has the most effect on the pronunciation Italian vowels.The analysis of the phonological system of both Moroccan and standard Arabichas revealed that it is characterized by secondary articulation manners which aretraditionally attributed to emphasis, which modifies the timbre of the consonant.The consonant in its turn change that of the adjacent vowel. While the articulationof the Italian vowels is more independent from the consonantal context, thearticulation of the Arabic vowels appears to be dependent on the context sincetheir timbre depends partially on the preceding and following consonants: if theseare emphatic, then the vowel is emphatic ([e], [o]), and if they are not emphatic,then the vowel is non emphatic ([i], [u]).The results obtained in this research confirm that what affects the pronunciation ofthe vowels are the emphatic modes present in Moroccan and standard Arabic.These difficulties can be overcome with specific exercises, which allow thestudents to acquire new articulatory habits in order to reach a good pronunciationof the Italian language. / La presente tesi è dedicata all’analisi del sistema vocalico dell’interlingua deglistudenti marocchini di italiano (LS) per risalire alla lingua che interferisce di piùsulla corretta pronuncia delle vocali italiane: arabo (LM) o francese (L2).La parte empirica si è svolta presso la Facoltà di Ain Chock-Casablanca (FLSU),durante l’anno scolastico 2012-2013. Gli informanti, sui cui dati si basa la ricerca,sono stati registrati mentre leggevano una lista di frasi contenenti coppie minime.Per verificare la loro pronuncia ci siamo affidati a un gruppo di controllo nativo diitaliano (registrato presso l’Università di Torino). Tutti i dati orali sono statitrattati in una seconda fase con PRAAT e analizzati in un foglio elettronicopredisposto per la rappresentazione dei grafici (LFSAG). Per la visualizzazionedelle vocali abbiamo optato per la misura della prima e della seconda formante ela rappresentazione sui classici diagrammi F1 - F2.Dopo aver analizzato i diversi errori di pronuncia delle vocali italiane abbiamonotato che sono prevalentemente riconducibili a difficoltà fonologiche dovute alloscambio vocalico del fonema /e/ col fonema /i/ e del fonema /o/ col fonema /u/ eviceversa. I risultati ottenuti rivelano che l’interferenza della lingua francese èminore del previsto e si verifica quando si hanno due parole che presentano lostesso aspetto grafico. Quanto all’arabo è la lingua che influisce molto di più sullapronuncia delle vocali italiane essendo la madrelingua di tutti gli informanti.In effetti, l’analisi del sistema fonologico sia dell’arabo marocchino sia di quellostandard, rivela che si caratterizza per la presenza di modalità articolatoriesecondarie, ricondotte tradizionalmente alla cosiddetta enfasi che cambia il timbrodella consonate che a sua volta cambia quello della vocale adiacente. Sel’articolazione delle vocali italiane risulta più indipendente dal contestoconsonantico, quella delle vocali arabe, invece, avviene in modo dipendente dalcontesto dato che il loro timbro dipende in parte dalla consonante che precede osegue, cioè se è enfatica ne consegue una vocale enfatica ([e], [o]), e se invecenon è enfatica ne consegue una vocale non enfatica ([i], [u]).I risultati ottenuti in questa ricerca confermano che ciò che influisce sullapronuncia delle vocali italiane sono le modalità enfatiche presenti sia in dialettomarocchino sia in lingua araba. Tali difficoltà possono essere superate con degliesercizi specifici permettendo agli studenti di acquisire nuove abitudiniarticolatorie cui consegue una buona pronuncia della lingua italiana

In this thesis, the first-order and higher-order interferences on the total (Coulomb+nuclear), Coulomb and nuclear breakup cross sections in the 15C+208Pb, 11Be+208Pb breakup reactions are first studied at 68 MeV/u incident energy. It is shown that the first-order interference reduces by more than 60% the total breakup cross sections, by less than 3% the Coulomb breakup cross sections and by more than 85% the nuclear breakup cross sections, for both reactions. On the other hand, the high-order interference is found to reduce by less than 9% the total breakup cross section, less than 1% the Coulomb breakup cross section and less than 7% the nuclear breakup cross section for the 15C+208Pb reaction. For the 11Be+208Pb reaction however, the high-order interference reduces by less than 7% the total breakup cross section, by less than 1% the Coulomb breakup cross section and by less than 4% the nuclear breakup cross section. It is finally shown that even at first-order, the incoherent sum of the nuclear breakup cross sections is more important than the incoherent sum of the Coulomb breakup cross sections for the two reactions. The role of the diagonal and off-diagonal continuum-continuum couplings on total, Coulomb and nuclear breakup cross sections is also investigated for the 8B+58Ni, 8B+208Pb and 19C+208Pb at 29.3, 170.3 MeV and 1273 MeV incident energies respectively. Qualitatively, we found that, the diagonal continuum-continuum couplings are responsible for the large reduction of the differential total and nuclear breakup cross sections at backward angles. At forward angles, this reduction is due to the off-diagonal continuum-continuum couplings. In the absence of these couplings, the nuclear breakup is the more dominant process, while when they are included, the Coulomb breakup becomes dominant. This shows that, the nuclear breakup is more affected by the continuum-continuum couplings than its Coulomb counterpart. Quantitatively, we found that, the off-diagonal countinuum-countinuum couplings reduce by 13.39%, 12.71% and 11.11% the total breakup cross sections for the 8B+58Ni, 8B+208Pb and 19C+208Pb reactions, respectively. / Physics / D. Phil. (Physics)

Cette thèse à pour but d'étudier des alternatives à l’augmentation des faisceaux dans des systèmes satellite THD deprochaine génération, évaluant des stratégies pour augmenter de manière significative la capacité totale du système. Dansce contexte, les schémas de réutilisation de fréquence (FR) agressives viennent naturellement dans l'esprit afin d'augmenterles ressources globales en bande passante et, par conséquent, augmenter la capacité globale du système. Cependant, cesschémas mènent à une augmentation des interférences co-canal, rendant l'utilisation du spectre supplémentaire pastellement efficace. Visant à trouver une solution à ce défi, des techniques basées sur des interférences ont été évaluées dans un contexte satellitaire réaliste, correspondant au précodage linéaire et la réutilisation fréquentielle fractionnelle (FFR). Le précodage linéaire est une technique MIMO qui permet l’application des schémas de réutilisation plus agressifs en traitantconjointement les signaux transmis afin de pré-compenser les interférences co-canal. Cette technique a été étudiée dans lecadre des systèmes THD et sa performance dérivé en considérant une caractérisation réaliste antenne, prouvantl'importante amélioration dans la capacité totale du système. Des stratégies de scheduling ont été également étudiées etdes algorithmes évalués, prouvant que d'autres améliorations peuvent être réalisées considérant mécanismes intelligentsde scheduling. Une autre voie d'augmenter les ressources spectrales par faisceau a été étudiée considérant des schémasFFR, utilisés en grande partie dans les réseaux mobiles terrestres (c.-à-d. WiMax, LTE…). / The purpose of this Ph.D. thesis has been to investigate alternatives to the beam scaling in NG-HTS systems, assessingadvanced strategies to significantly increase total system capacity, without further exploding the number of beams. In thiscontext, aggressive frequency reutilization (FR) strategies come naturally into mind as a potential mean to increase overallbandwidth resources and therefore, boost system capacity. However, it leads to an increase on co-channel interferences,rendering the usage of additional spectrum not as efficient. Aiming to find a solution to this challenge, advancedinterference-based system techniques have been assessed in a realistic NG-HTS context, corresponding to Linear Precodingand Fractional FR (FFR) schemes. Linear Precoding is a MIMO-based technique which allows considering more aggressiveFR schemes by jointly processing the transmitted signals in order to pre-compensate co-channel interferences. Thistechnique has been studied in the frame of NG-HTS systems and their performances derived considering realistic antennacharacterization, proving significant improvement in total system capacity. Scheduling strategies have been alsoinvestigated and schedule algorithms assessed, showing further improvements can be achieved considering smartscheduling mechanisms. Another way to increase spectral resources per beam has been then investigated considering FFR schemes, used mostly in mobile terrestrial networks (i.e. WiMAX, LTE…). FFR scheme application has been characterized and adapted to the particularities of a realistic HTS satellite context and its gains in total capacity have been derived. A natural synergy between Linear Precoding and FFR has been then studied, leading to further improvements on total system capacity.

Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a hereditary recessive disease associated with X-chromosome, in which carriers of this deficiency can develop hemolytic anemia during oxidative stress induced by food, medicines and infections. The prevalence of this deficiency is not fully established in the country. In the state of Sergipe, this study aimed to establish this prevalence, through analyzes of blood samples collected on filter paper, of newborns (NB) attended by the State Neonatal Screening Program. The results obtained are presented in the form of two scientific articles (chapter 1 and chapter 2). The first article aimed to identify interferences in the quantitative technique for the diagnosis of G6PD deficiency in samples collected on filter paper of newborns collected from May to October of 2016 at health posts in the state of Sergipe. Divided into five groups, the samples were analyzed under preanalytical and analytical conditions, evaluating the frequency of positive results before and after standardization of the technique. The main interferences observed in the preanalytical phase were the quality of the sample, the time between collection and examination and the temperature during transportation. In the analytical phase the interference in the elution of the samples was observed. The second scientific article refers to the detection of the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in samples of newborns from the state of Sergipe (Chapter 2). Blood samples of newborns collected on filter paper from health posts throughout the state were analyzed between August 2016 and January 2017. In part of the positive samples, the G6PD dosage repetition and complementary tests were performed to evaluate anemia: blood count, reticulocyte count and bilirubin dosage. Confirmed cases were called for clinical evaluation and genetic counseling. Of the 9,040 initial samples, 3,274 were excluded due to poor quality, leaving 5,766 valid samples remaining. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency found in the state of Sergipe was 9.35%, 3.33% female and 4.87% male, with the highest prevalence in the Sergipe State (6.40%). Only 39.99% of the samples followed the Ministry of Health's recommendation for collection between 3 and 7 days after birth. The use of antibiotics that can trigger hemolytic reactions were reported in only 0.35% of the female NBs and 0.64% of the male sex. Of the 473 positive results, 100 newborns were summoned, of whom 50 attended with the parents. Of these, 20 NB presented confirmation of the positive tests, as well as 4 mothers and one father. Four NB presented reduced results for red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and two patients presented bilirubin dosage above the reference value. Patients who had the deficiency of the confirmed enzyme participated in a clinical evaluation and genetic counseling, to elucidate the disease, prophylaxis and care with food and use of medicines that can trigger a hemolytic crisis. With this study, it can be concluded that the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the state of Sergipe is 9.35%, considered high, but consistent with the world literature, mainly due to the influence of African peoples. Likewise, the highest prevalence was in the male sex, and the boys were homozygous that manifested the deficiency associated with the mutation in the G6PD gene. / A deficiência de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase (G6PD) é uma doença hereditária recessiva associada ao cromossomo X, na qual portadores dessa deficiência podem desenvolver anemia hemolítica durante estresse oxidativo induzido por alimentos, medicamentos e infecções. A prevalência dessa deficiência não está totalmente estabelecida no país. No estado de Sergipe este estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer essa prevalência, por meio de análises de amostras de sangue colhidas em papel de filtro, de recém-nascidos (RN) atendidos pelo Programa de Triagem Neonatal do estado. Os resultados obtidos estão apresentados na forma de dois artigos científicos (capítulo 1 e capítulo 2). O primeiro artigo teve como objetivo identificar interferências na técnica quantitativa para o diagnóstico da deficiência da G6PD em amostras colhidas em papel de filtro de recém-nascidos, coletadas de maio a outubro de 2016 em postos de saúde do estado de Sergipe. Divididas em cinco grupos, as amostras foram analisadas em condições pré-analíticas e analíticas, avaliando-se a frequência de resultados positivos antes e depois da padronização da técnica. Os principais interferentes observados na fase pré-analítica foram a qualidade da amostra, o tempo entre coleta e exame e a temperatura durante o transporte. Na fase analítica foi observada a interferência na eluição das amostras. O segundo artigo científico refere-se à detecção da prevalência da deficiência da G6PD em amostras de recém-nascidos do estado de Sergipe (Capítulo 2). Foram analisadas amostras de sangue de recém-nascidos colhidos em papel filtro, provenientes dos postos de saúde de todo o estado, entre agosto de 2016 a janeiro de 2017. Em parte das amostras positivas, foram realizadas a repetição da dosagem de G6PD e exames complementares para avaliação da anemia: hemograma, contagem de reticulócitos e dosagem de bilirrubinas. Os casos confirmados foram convocados para avaliação clínica e aconselhamento genético. Das 9.040 amostras iniciais, 3.274 foram excluídas por má qualidade, restando 5.766 amostras válidas. A prevalência da deficiência da G6PD encontrada no estado de Sergipe foi de 9,35%, 3,33% do sexo feminino e 4,87% do sexo masculino, sendo a maior prevalência no Leste Sergipano (6,40%). Apenas 39,99% das amostras seguiram a recomendação do Ministério da Saúde para realização da coleta entre 3 a 7 dias após o nascimento. O uso de antibióticos que podem desencadear reações hemolíticas foram relatados em apenas 0,35% dos RN do sexo feminino e 0,64% do sexo masculino. Dos 473 resultados positivos, foram convocados 100 recém-nascidos, dos quais compareceram 50 juntamente com os pais. Destes, 20 RN apresentaram confirmação dos testes positivos, bem como 4 mães e um pai. Quatro RN apresentaram resultados reduzidos para hemácias, hemoglobina e hematócrito, e dois pacientes apresentaram dosagem de bilirrubinas acima do valor de referência. Os pacientes que tiveram a deficiência da enzima confirmada participaram de uma avaliação clínica e aconselhamento genético, para elucidação da doença, profilaxia e cuidados com alimentação e uso de medicamentos que possam desencadear uma crise hemolítica. Com este estudo pode-se concluir que a prevalência da deficiência da G6PD no estado de Sergipe é de 9,35%, considerada alta, porém condizente com a literatura mundial, principalmente pela influência dos povos africanos. Da mesma forma, a maior prevalência foi no sexo masculino, sendo os meninos homozigotos que manifestam a deficiência associada à mutação no gene da G6PD. / São Cristóvão, SE