The diploma thesis focuses on the relations between digital intermediaries and media organizations on the Czech market. Its goal is to describe a new, ever-evolving environment, which has been affected by the swift rise of digital platforms and by the change in business models of publishers. The thesis puts this phenomenon in the context of media studies and critical political economy and defines the terms "digital platforms" and "digital intermediaries". It also looks more closely at the current challenges related with the content consumption in the digital environment - which includes a discussion of copyright, changes in user behavior and content monetization. The research part is based on individual in-depth interviews with members of digital intermediaries, media organizations and third parties. The analysis takes place in a general, ethical/normative point of view and aims for understanding how the parties interact and work together, how they perceive this environment, how they see its changes and future development.

Den snabba teknikutvecklingen har lett till att allt fler fysiska butiker läggs ner eller backar i vinstsiffror, vilket lett till att de klassiska mellanhänderna har hamnat i en problematisk situation. Butikschefer har märkt av denna förändring och även ledningsfunktioner inom större koncerner som exempelvis H&M. Därför har denna studie som mål att analysera varför butikskedjor i högre grad inte ställt om till Internethandel, samt hur butikschefer ser på framtiden för de fysiska klädbutikerna.Tidigare forskning har visat att många faktorer påverkar en konsuments shoppingvanor i dagens konsumtionssamhälle och hur dessa vanor ändras över tid. Forskare påstår även att en djupt rotad företagskultur kan göra nödvändiga organisationsförändringar svåra om det är nödvändigt. Vi har valt att göra intervjuer med butikschefer för att sedan tolka och analyserahur dessa bemöter förändringen inom klädbranschen på grund av utvecklingen med ehandel. Totalt intervjuades 8 butikschefer vars respons på intervjufrågorna analyserades.Slutsatsen är att butikscheferna har hög tilltro till sin egen verksamhet trots utvecklingen med e-handeln, då butikscheferna anser att e-handeln inte kan konkurrera med kundvärdet som servicen ger i butik. Vårt antagande är att även organisationerna som helhet har levt med denna tro, och att detta kan vara anledningen till att mellanhänderna inte ställt om till e-handel tidigare. / The rapid technology advancement has led to more and more physical stores closing down or backing in profit figures. In turn, this has led the classical intermediaries into a problematic situation. Store managers have noticed this change of events, and also top management within larger groups, such as H&M, are aware of this. Therefore, this study aims to find out why stores have not changed to e-commerce to a greater extent, and how store managers look to the future of the physical clothing stores.Previous research has shown that many factors affect a consumer’s shopping habits in today's consumer society, how these shopping habits change over time, and how a deeply rooted corporate culture can make necessary organizational changes difficult. In this study, we have done in-depth interviews with store managers, and then interpret and analyze whatthese managers said, to get a good overview how these store managers deal with the changes that are occurring in the clothing industry due to e-commerce. In total, 8 store managers were interviewed and whose responses were analyzed with an analysis model formed in a thematic order in contrast with the theories we used in the study.We can conclude that the store managers have high faith in their own business despite the development of e-commerce. The store managers firmly believe that e-commerce cannot compete with the value that services provides in stores. Our assumption is that the organizations as a whole have lived with this belief, and that this may be the reason why the intermediaries have not switched to e-commerce earlier.

Over the last decade, each year 2500 - 6000 Thai go to Sweden to work as berry pickers during the berry season via a regulated system of temporary work permits. Bangkok-based staffing agencies rely on the networks of local brokers to recruit workers in Thailand’s more peripheral northeastern Isan region, as part of the larger migration industry in Thailand. During the berry season, these local brokers also travel to Sweden and are part of the division of labour. Next to picking berries, their jobs can be cook, camp leader, and driver. Key concerns raised in relation to this seasonal work are precarity and vulnerability to exploitation, resulting from to the need to pay high fees to staffing agencies and a piece-rate wage-system. This thesis aims to analyze roles and positions across time and space of local Thai brokers. It does so by examining how they have come to occupy their current positions, and what their roles are in the recruitment process in Thailand and during the during the berry season in Sweden. Moreover, it investigates the interlinkages between these two roles, and how differences in remuneration and payments of fees shape precarity at the micro-scale. Based on the analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted in the Kaeng Khro district in Thailand in March 2019, this study suggests that the local brokers are industry veterans. Moreover, is suggests a large degree of variation in size and scope of local brokerage. During the berry season in Sweden, the local brokers tend to occupy positions above the regular berry pickers. Moreover, it is suggested that there is a differentiated precarity within the group of brokers, resulting from differences in the payment of wages and the need to pay fees to staffing agencies.

O recente aumento da subcontratação formal de trabalho tem estimulado um importante debate sobre a qualidade da inserção e do vínculo estabelecido entre os trabalhadores e as empresas de intermediação de mão-de-obra. Visando contribuir para esse debate, a presente dissertação organiza-se de modo a alcançar três objetivos: em primeiro lugar, caracterizar a natureza e as transformações recentes no mercado de trabalho brasileiro; em segundo lugar, analisar o crescimento recente dos intermediários privados do mercado de trabalho; em terceiro lugar, investigar, com base em dados transversais e longitudinais da RAIS para a região metropolitana de São Paulo no período compreendido entre 1998 e 2007, se a passagem pelo emprego temporário ou terceirizado constitui-se num meio de acesso a empregos capazes de garantir a permanência no mercado formal ou se, pelo contrário, insere os indivíduos numa seqüência de empregos marcados pela fragilidade ou instabilidade dos vínculos. / The increasing relevance of labor outsourcing has improved and deepened the debate on the quality of job opportunities provided by labor market intermediaries and their relationship with the job seekers in different parts of the world. This dissertation aims at contributing to this debate and has three main goals: first, reflect on the structure and recent transformations in the Brazilian labor market; second, analyze the growth and changing importance of private intermediaries in this market; third, scrutinize crosssectional and longitudinal data provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Labor (RAIS data basis) on the dynamics of formal jobs in São Paulo Metropolitan Region, during 1998 and 2007, in order to investigate if the access to temporary and/or outsourced jobs can provide the workers with a carrier in the formal labor market or instead only allows them to engage in a sequence of fragile and unstable employment contracts.

O recente aumento da subcontratação formal de trabalho tem estimulado um importante debate sobre a qualidade da inserção e do vínculo estabelecido entre os trabalhadores e as empresas de intermediação de mão-de-obra. Visando contribuir para esse debate, a presente dissertação organiza-se de modo a alcançar três objetivos: em primeiro lugar, caracterizar a natureza e as transformações recentes no mercado de trabalho brasileiro; em segundo lugar, analisar o crescimento recente dos intermediários privados do mercado de trabalho; em terceiro lugar, investigar, com base em dados transversais e longitudinais da RAIS para a região metropolitana de São Paulo no período compreendido entre 1998 e 2007, se a passagem pelo emprego temporário ou terceirizado constitui-se num meio de acesso a empregos capazes de garantir a permanência no mercado formal ou se, pelo contrário, insere os indivíduos numa seqüência de empregos marcados pela fragilidade ou instabilidade dos vínculos. / The increasing relevance of labor outsourcing has improved and deepened the debate on the quality of job opportunities provided by labor market intermediaries and their relationship with the job seekers in different parts of the world. This dissertation aims at contributing to this debate and has three main goals: first, reflect on the structure and recent transformations in the Brazilian labor market; second, analyze the growth and changing importance of private intermediaries in this market; third, scrutinize crosssectional and longitudinal data provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Labor (RAIS data basis) on the dynamics of formal jobs in São Paulo Metropolitan Region, during 1998 and 2007, in order to investigate if the access to temporary and/or outsourced jobs can provide the workers with a carrier in the formal labor market or instead only allows them to engage in a sequence of fragile and unstable employment contracts.

Recognizing the responsibility businesses has in sustainable development, a rising number of entrepreneurs are attempting to innovate business models together with digital technology to address environmental and societal needs. Circular business models is an example of how businesses can become more sustainable. However, there is a growing phenomenon of entrepreneurs suggesting digital platforms as a supportive element in an enterprise to enable circular features. This research aims to investigate the role of a single entrepreneur as a transition intermediary to sustainable development by using digital platforms. Additionally, this research aims to explore the success factors and challenges this entrepreneur can uncover. Contrary to most studies, this thesis adopts the entrepreneur's perspective as being a key actor in sustainable development but also as an innovative force in a socio-technical system. A case study was conducted on the Swedish online secondhand store Sellpy. The qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Given the thesis' exploratory research design, the finding can be used in further research as artifacts for more conclusive and generalizing research. The entrepreneur, as a transition intermediary, can establish valuable partnerships and networks to accelerate circulation and sustainability awareness. Additionally, the entrepreneur can influence others by spreading knowledge to engage other entrepreneurs to innovate businesses towards sustainability. The main success factors found in this case study is the approach to develop with the user community, digital ownership, skilled and diverse workforce, and partnerships with similar businesses. The challenges discovered was to maintain and find new users to enter the circular system and the external skepticism towards sustainability-oriented businesses.

Labor market intermediaries (LMIs) have taken on a greater role in regional labor markets as flexibility of work has increased over the past thirty years. These shifting roles necessitate a greater look at institutions that act as LMIs and the services they perform for workers and employers. Community colleges have recently been highlighted as one of the institutions serving workers that offer market molding activities, going beyond more traditional LMI market matching activities. This study compared four LMI placement and career activities - project based learning, internships and cooperative education, specialized accreditation, and industry advisement through councils - for five similar programs of study at community colleges in the City University of New York (CUNY) system to analyze the effects of these activities on employment placement. Greater utilization of these activities by community college departments was found in most cases to be beneficial for students as it regards employment placement in career fields related to the field of study. Activities that were successful in encouraging students to take part in forms of assessment of job-readiness, either through existing standardized testing of job skills or actual work experience, were found to be particularly valuable. These outcomes suggest that mature industries and occupations with established forms of assessment are more likely to provide a smooth transition from degree attainment to employment. Implications for community college administrators and funders are discussed.

Submitted by Edison Alejandro Flores Condori (edisonflores18@gmail.com) on 2017-02-03T20:45:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado_Edison Flores FGV.pdf: 1381090 bytes, checksum: 03fed481db399e15ebdbc720a48a2af2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2017-02-06T16:53:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado_Edison Flores FGV.pdf: 1381090 bytes, checksum: 03fed481db399e15ebdbc720a48a2af2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-06T19:09:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado_Edison Flores FGV.pdf: 1381090 bytes, checksum: 03fed481db399e15ebdbc720a48a2af2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-19 / Financial intermediaries as of microfinance institutions represent a significant source of funds in emerging markets. Microfinances in the Peruvian banking market faced a high evolution, creating a great environment for its development. Thus, in the last 8 years Peru became one of the leading countries in microfinancing practice, while the economy also experimented sustainable growth rates above the average of the region. However, studies about financial intermediaries mainly in microfinance institutions are still few for emerging market contexts. Literature also demonstrates the importance of financial intermediaries as well as a series of financial frictions at their liquidity provision activities as economic agents. Therefore, this study aims to identify whether financial intermediaries in Peru face funding constraints, using a quasi-exogenous event (change in regulation) that allowed small financial intermediaries to increase the scope of their lending activities. We compare these institutions to banks that were not affected by the regulatory change. Our sample is the universe of Peruvian financial intermediaries between 2004 and 2014. Results found in the Diff-in-Diff model indicate that small financial intermediaries, are financially constrained as they increase their costs of funding compared to large banks after the regulatory shock. Our results suggest that cost of deposits matters in a context of credit expansion in an emerging market. These findings evidence the existence of financial market frictions in an emerging economy. / Os intermediários financeiros como as instituições de micro finanças representam uma fonte significativa de fundos em mercados emergentes. As micro finanças no mercado bancário peruano tiveram uma grande evolução, criando um bom ambiente para seu desenvolvimento. Assim, nos últimos 8 anos o Peru tornou-se um dos principais países na prática de micro finanças, enquanto a economia também experimentou taxas de crescimento sustentáveis acima da média da região. No entanto, estudos sobre intermediários financeiros, principalmente em instituições de micro finanças, ainda são poucos para contextos de mercados emergentes. A literatura também demonstra a importância dos intermediários financeiros, bem como uma série de fricções financeiras em suas atividades de provisão de liquidez como agentes econômicos. Ao respeito disso, este estudo tem como objetivo identificar se os intermediários financeiros no Peru enfrentam restrições de financiamento, sando um choque quase exógeno (mudança de regulação), que aumentou o escopo de operações de crédito de intermediários de pequeno porte, comparando-as aos bancos, que não foram afetados pela medida regulatória. A amostra utilizada é o universo de intermediários financeiros peruanos entre 2004 e 2014. Os resultados encontrados no modelo Diff-in-Diff, indicam que os intermediários financeiros pequenos, são financeiramente restritos, uma vez que o seu custo de captação aumenta em relação ao dos bancos após o choque regulatório . Os resultados sugerem que o custo dos depósitos tem um papel importante num contexto de expansão de crédito num mercado emergente. Esses resultados evidenciam a existência de fricções nos mercados financeiros de uma economia emergente.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:50:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5712.pdf: 2936837 bytes, checksum: 10982987ea7a64ebdae39d2fc3e7a2cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-21 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / In the organizational universe strategic changes are necessary and generate repercussions. A considerable part of the state hospitals in São Paulo is management by charities that receive the qualification from social organizations and are chosen by government. The main question about this research relates to the (re) adjust at the hospital caused by new strategies of management that comes through health between the State and the Social Organization of Health for hospital management. Understand that the changes occurred in this space: who makes their occupation, it relates, themselves with whom, what are the repercussions, the opposed strength, et cetera. For this way, it has adopted a qualitative approach involving field research and also bibliography research pointed to the subject of the social organizations, its origin and uses in Brazil, the involved questions and the opposed movements to its use. It also was specified the law in São Paulo and the Management Contract, main tool at its disposal that detail kinds and numbers of treatments, values, quality indicators, among others. The used methodology behaved answer inquiries put through the field research together the hospitals and respective manager charities in the State and Municipality, involving also hospital about direct administration for possible comparisons. The resulted data of the research indicated that the qualified charities acted before in health, previous requirement that would give support to attend the specification from de manager contract. Among the findings, it noticed that the creation of the supplemental law got help from agents that make up the social organizations. The choice of the charities is indicated: it is their option to enroll in run the hospital (made by official announcement), and it is the Secretary of Health s option in choosing which applicant (when there are more than one) is the most indicated for the management. Due to a strength oppose consisted specially by people that work for health, advisors and health s union, in search for legitimate occur to events promoted by charities, by unison speech, by publication that point aspects out like numbers and favorable table of contents. Another item noticed is the distribution of the hospitals and the region where the social organizations act, showing the territorial occupation in health by these charities. The managed health differs in hospitals from direct administration by permanent management strategies, a lot of which also available to the hospitals from direct administration offered by own government, which reinforces the role of intermediaries that research suggests. / No universo organizacional mudanças estratégicas se fazem necessárias e geram repercussões. Uma parte considerável dos hospitais paulistas é administrada por entidades que recebem a qualificação de organizações sociais e são escolhidas pelo governo. A questão central desta pesquisa relaciona-se com a (re) configuração no hospital causada pelas novas estratégias de gerenciamento provindas da intermediação na saúde entre o Estado e as Organizações Sociais de Saúde para a gestão hospitalar. Compreender as mudanças ocorridas neste espaço: quem faz sua ocupação, relacionam-se com quem, quais as repercussões, as forças opositoras. Para tanto, adotou-se abordagem qualitativa envolvendo pesquisa de campo e também pesquisa bibliográfica direcionada ao tema das organizações sociais, sua origem e emprego no Brasil, os questionamentos envolvidos e movimentação contrária a sua utilização. Também foi observada a lei em São Paulo e o Contrato de Gestão, principal ferramenta a disposição que detalha tipos e números de atendimentos, valores, indicadores de qualidade, entre outros. A metodologia utilizada comportou responder indagações postas através da pesquisa de campo junto aos hospitais e respectivas entidades gerenciadoras no estado e município, envolvendo também hospitais da administração direta para eventuais comparações. Os dados resultantes da investigação evidenciaram que as entidades qualificadas atuavam anteriormente na saúde, pré-requisito que lhes daria suporte para atender as especificações do contrato de gestão. Dentre as constatações, observou-se que a criação da lei complementar obteve auxílio de agentes que compõem diretorias das organizações sociais. A escolha das entidades é indicativa: opção delas em se inscrever para gerir o hospital (feito por edital de convocação), e opção do secretário da saúde (estadual ou municipal) em escolher qual das candidatas (quando há mais de uma) é a mais adequada para a gestão. Devido a uma força opositora composta principalmente por sanitaristas, conselhos e sindicatos da saúde, a busca por legitimidade ocorre por eventos promovidos pelas entidades, por discursos unívocos, por publicações que ressaltam aspectos como números e índices favoráveis. Outro item observado é a distribuição dos hospitais e a região em que as organizações sociais atuam, revelando a ocupação territorial na saúde por estas entidades. A gestão na saúde diferencia-se nos hospitais de administração indireta pela concretização de estratégias gerenciais, muitas das quais também são disponibilizadas aos hospitais da administração direta pelo próprio governo, o que reforça o papel de intermediação que a pesquisa propõe.

Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2015-11-26T17:24:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 21267 bytes, checksum: 73e23c2acaaf13389e092bd813e3223d (MD5) Tese Fábio Staude 30_07_2014 versão final.pdf: 1310546 bytes, checksum: 42465122729d69d3d9766a9cade40a96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-26T17:24:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 21267 bytes, checksum: 73e23c2acaaf13389e092bd813e3223d (MD5) Tese Fábio Staude 30_07_2014 versão final.pdf: 1310546 bytes, checksum: 42465122729d69d3d9766a9cade40a96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-05 / A importância da cooperação interorganizacional dentro do processo de inovação tem sido cada vez mais reconhecida. De fato, todas as organizações, em algum momento, precisam considerar fontes externas de recursos como insumos para o processo de construção de competência tecnológica. Nesse sentido, através de um estudo de caso detalhado, esta tese analisa teórica e empiricamente como iniciativas colaborativas têm apoiado o órgão regulador nuclear brasileiro no desenvolvimento e implementação de inovações, a fim de verificar a relação positiva entre a colaboração e o desempenho inovativo organizacional. Ressaltando a importância tanto de fontes internas de conhecimento como da participação externa, o presente estudo envolveu a análise de documentos, levantamento preliminar de dados e entrevistas semiestruturadas com técnicos do órgão regulador responsável pela inspeção e controle de instalações e atividades associadas à utilização de fontes de radiação nas áreas médica, industrial e de pesquisa. A tese demonstra que as inovações desenvolvidas e implementadas na área de proteção radiológica e segurança nuclear brasileira estão associadas a iniciativas colaborativas voltadas ao aprimoramento da capacidade organizacional para cumprir suas obrigações de segurança, fornecendo algumas implicações significativas para os gestores envolvidos com a gestão da inovação. Os resultados também identificaram atores com um grau significativo de influência no processo de inovação. O estudo revela que o apoio prestado por esses atores tem uma forte influência sobre o desempenho inovativo do órgão regulador nuclear brasileiro, o que sugere que o Brasil deve adotar modelos mais interativos de inovação e transferência de conhecimento. Além disso, os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que esses atores-chave podem ter um papel relevante no contexto dos regimes de informação vigentes em sistemas setoriais de inovação. / The importance of inter-organisational cooperation within the innovation process has been increasingly recognized. In fact, all organisations, at some point, need to look to external sources for inputs to the process of building up technological competence. In this sense, through a detailed case study, this thesis examine theoretical and empirically how collaborative initiatives have supported the Brazilian nuclear regulatory body in the development and implementation of innovations, in order to verify the positive relationship between the collaboration and the organisational innovation performance. Emphasizing the importance of both internal sources of knowledge and external participation, the study encompasses documentary analysis, a preliminary survey and semi-structured interviews with the regulatory body employers in charge of controlling medical and research facilities and activities involving radiation sources. The thesis demonstrates that innovations developed and implemented in the Brazilian nuclear safety and security area are associated with collaborative initiatives, in order to improve the organizational capability to fulfill safety obligations, providing some important implications for regulatory body managers concerned with the management of innovation. The findings also identified actors with a significant degree of influence in the innovation process. The result reveals that the support provided by these actors has a significant influence on the innovation performance of the Brazilian nuclear regulatory body, suggesting that Brazil should adopt more interactive models of innovation and knowledge transfer. In addition, the findings show that these key actors can play a very distinctive role in the context of sectoral systems of innovation information regime.