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Bakgrund: Våld i nära relation är ett globalt samhällsproblem där kvinnor är mest drabbade. Till följd av våldets konsekvenser för individen har personal inom hälso- och sjukvården en unik möjlighet att identifiera och hjälpa dessa kvinnor. Sjukvårdspersonal såsom fysioterapeuter har en hög sannolikhet att möta dessa kvinnor. Det råder brist på riktlinjer för fysioterapeuter för hur dessa patienter ska bemötas och vilka åtgärder som bör användas. Kännedom om fysioterapeuters erfarenheter av att möta våldsutsatta kvinnor är därför viktigt för att öka kunskapen om hur kvinnor bäst ska bemötas. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att kartlägga vilka åtgärder som används av fysioterapeuter på vårdcentraler i Sverige vid bemötande av våldsutsatta kvinnor. Vidare studerandes eventuella skillnader mellan fysioterapeuter på privata och offentliga vårdcentraler, samt mellan fysioterapeuter med examen innan och efter 2018.  Metod: En egenkonstruerad enkät skickades ut i åtta Facebookgrupper för fysioterapeuter som identifierats efter lämplighet. Efter fem veckor med låg svarsfrekvens skickades enkäten även ut till en lista med handledare via e-post. Enkäten låg ute i sex veckor varpå svaren kodades om till siffror och datan analyserades genom jämförelser av median och kvartilavstånd, samt Mann-Whitney U-test (two tailed).  Resultat: Enkäten fick 33 svar där 13 regioner representerades. Åtgärder med högst frekvens var att "erbjuda patienten ett nytt besök” samt att “erbjuda information om de stödtjänster som finns”. Ingen statistiskt signifikant skillnad sågs i jämförelse mellan privata och offentliga vårdcentraler. Ej heller vid jämförelse av dem med examen innan och efter 2018. / Background: Intimate partner violence is a global issue where women are most affected. Due to the consequences of the violence, healthcare professionals have a unique opportunity to identify and help the victims. Healthcare professionals, such as physiotherapists, are highly likely to encounter these women. There are no guidelines on how to treat these women aimed at physiotherapists. Knowledge on the experiences of physiotherapists when meeting these women is essential to raise knowledge on how to best treat them. Objective: The aim of the study was to identify which strategies and measures are used by physiotherapists in primary care in Sweden when meeting abused women. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate differences between private and public health centers, as well as participants who graduated before and after 2018.  Design: A self-constructed survey was published in 8 facebook groups for physiotherapists, chosen based on suitability. After 5 weeks with a low response rate, the survey was sent out to a list of supervisors through email. The survey was open for 6 weeks after which the answers were encoded and analyzed through comparing median and interquartile range, as well as the Mann-Whitney U test (two tailed). Results: The survey generated 33 responses, with 13 healthcare regions represented. The most frequently used measures were to “offer the patient a new appointment” and to “offer information about available support services”. No statistically significant differences were observed when comparing responses from private and public health centers, nor when comparing respondents who graduated before or after 2018.

Problem statement: Violence against women and intimate partner violence is a bigproblem in society and the healthcare system has an obligation to act already when thereis suspicion of exposure to violence, but there is a lack of clear guidelines in ophthalmiccare. Aim: The aim was to examine nurses´ experiences of caring for patients exposedto IPV. Method: A systematic literature review with qualitive design and inductiveapproach was performed. Result: The emerged categories were readiness to deal withintimate partner violence, different views on exposure to violence, emotions are evoked,having the courage to ask, and organizational support. The result showed that trainingabout intimate partner violence was unusual both in the nursing program and for theprofessional nurses. Because of this they did not feel prepared for neither detect, reportsuspected cases or correctly meet these patients. Conclusion: There is a lack ofknowledge and education about how exposure to violence can be discovered andhandled. In addition, the subject needs to be highlighted and be developed further tostrengthen the societal responsibility to act when there is suspicion about violence. Tobe able to conduct evidence-based care in ophthalmic care more research is neededabout violence against women and intimate partner violence. / Problemställning: Våld mot kvinnor och våld i nära relationer är ett stort problem isamhället och hälso- och sjukvården har skyldighet att vidta åtgärder redan vidmisstanke om våldsutsatthet, men det saknas tydliga riktlinjer inom ögonsjukvården föromhändertagande. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka sjuksköterskors erfarenheter avomhändertagande av patienter som är utsatta för våld i nära relationer. Metod:Litteraturstudien var systematisk och hade en kvalitativ design med en induktiv ansats.Resultat: Kategorierna som framkom var att ha beredskap att bemöta våld i närarelation, olika syn på våldsutsatthet, vårdrelationen väcker känslor, att fråga omvåldsutsatthet och att ha stöd i organisationen. Det visade sig att utbildning kring våld inära relation var ovanligt både under sjuksköterskeutbildningen och föryrkesverksamma sjuksköterskor. De upplevde sig därför inte vara tillräckligt förbereddaför vare sig att upptäcka, rapportera misstänkta fall eller att på ett korrekt sätt bemötadenna patientkategori. Konklusion: Det saknas tillräcklig kunskap och utbildning omhur våldsutsatthet kan upptäckas och hanteras. Dessutom behöver ämnet belysas ochutvecklas ytterligare för att stärka det samhälleliga ansvaret att agera vid misstanke omvåldsutsatthet. För att kunna bedriva evidensbaserad vård inom ögonsjukvården behövsmer forskning om våld mot kvinnor och våld i nära relationer.

Bakgrund: Våld i nära relationer, särskilt mot kvinnor, är en global hälsoutmaning. Det kan vara fysiskt, psykiskt eller sexuellt och utförs av en partner. Nästan en tredjedel av världens kvinnor har utsatts för våld i nära relation. När dessa kvinnor söker vård är det sjuksköterskornas ansvar att rapportera händelsen. Studier visar att sjuksköterskor behöver bättre förutsättningar för att hantera dessa kvinnor och deras behov. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att möta kvinnor på akutmottagning som utsatts för våld i nära relation.  Metod: En litteraturöversikt genomförd med en kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats där tolv artiklar undersöktes med hjälp av Fribergs femstegsanalys. Resultat: I resultatet presenteras två huvudkategorier; att vara rustad och faktorer som hämmar som tillsammans byggdes upp av fyra subkategorier. Slutsatser: Bristen på kunskap, handledning och tid upplevdes som viktiga faktorer som påverkade arbetet med dessa kvinnor. För sjuksköterskor är tillgången till kunskap avgörande för att bygga upp självförtroende och kunna ställa relevanta frågor under mötet. Bristen på tydliga riktlinjer ledde till känslor av osäkerhet, medan tidsbegränsningen påverkade relationen mellan sjuksköterskan och kvinnan. / Title: The Nurse's Experiences of Meeting Women Who Have Been Subjected to Intimate Partner Violence – A Qualitative Literature Review Background: Intimate partner violence, particularly against women, is a global health challenge. It can be physical, psychological, or sexual and is perpetrated by a partner. Nearly one-third of the world's women have experienced intimate partner violence. When these women seek care, it is the responsibility of nurses to investigate and, if necessary, report the incident. Studies indicate that nurses need better support to address the needs of these women. Aim: To describe nurses' experiences of encountering women at emergency departments who have experienced intimate partner violence. Method: A literature review was conducted using a qualitative approach with an inductive approach, examining twelve articles using Friberg's five-step analysis.Results: The results presented two main categories; To be equipped and inhibiting factors. Which together were built up by four subcategories. Conclusions: The absence of knowledge, guidance, and time emerged as significant factors affecting encounters. Access to knowledge is crucial for nurses to build confidence and ask relevant questions during encounters. The lack of clear guidelines led to feelings of uncertainty, while time constraints affected the relationship between the nurse and the woman.

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Intimate partner violence occurs globally at alarming rates. Many experience adverse health impacts such as traumatic brain injury. Healthcare providers do not know the role of the speech-language pathologist, or the rehabilitation needs of survivors. Aims: This scoping review aims to identify speech-language pathology services for survivors of intimate partner violence with a resulting traumatic brain injury, and knowledge of healthcare providers on the rehabilitation needs of this population. A search was completed in May to October 2023, resulting in a total of 13 articles reviewed. Main contributions: Speech-language pathologists lack knowledge to provide services to intimate partner violence survivors with a resulting traumatic brain injury. Healthcare providers that work with survivors are unaware of the rehabilitation needs of survivors. Conclusions: Healthcare providers require knowledge of the needs of intimate partner violence survivors with a traumatic brain injury. Research regarding this population is warranted to meet their needs.

SAMMANFATTNING Introduktion Mäns våld mot kvinnor har under lång tid varit ett utbrett samhällsproblem. Hälso- och sjukvården har ett ansvar att identifiera och erbjuda stöd vid våldsutsatthet. Kunskap om bemötande vid våld i nära relation ökar kvinnors benägenhet att berätta om sin utsatthet.  Syfte Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva upplevelser av bemötande från hälso- och sjukvård hos kvinnor som utsatts för våld i nära relation.  Metod En litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design och en kvalitativ ansats som grundar sig på tio orginalartiklar. De inkluderade artiklarna var publicerade mellan 2014-2024 och har analyserats tematiskt. Den teoretiska referensramen i arbetet utgörs av Hildegaard Peplaus interaktionsteori. Huvudresultat Resultatet synliggjorde våldsutsatta kvinnors upplevelser av faktorer som varit stödjande respektive hämmande i vårdens bemötande. Syftet besvarades i huvudkategorierna stödjande och hämmande faktorer, vilka innehöll fem respektive fyra underkategorier. Huvudkategorin stödjande faktorer täckte underkategorierna avlastning, tillit, information, samhörighet och tillgänglighet. Huvudkategorin hämmande faktorer täckte underkategorierna hotad integritet, bristande engagemang, diskriminering samt förminskande och skuldbeläggande.  Slutsats De primära resultaten i studien visade att hämmande faktorer har påverkat kvinnors relation till vården negativt och att stödjande faktorer har påverkat relationen positivt, vilket ökat kvinnors möjlighet att ta emot stöd. Kvinnor har genomgående beskrivit att raka frågor, initiativtagande och individanpassat stöd varit framgångsfaktorer i vårdens bemötande. / ABSTRACT Introduction Men's violence against women has long been a widespread social problem. The healthcare system has a responsibility to identify and offer support in cases of intimate partner violence. Knowledge of how to respond to intimate partner violence increases women's inclination to talk about their vulnerability. The aim The purpose of the literature study was to describe experiences of treatment from healthcare in women who were exposed to intimate partner violence. Method A literature study with descriptive design and qualitative approach based on ten original articles. The included articles had been published between 2014 and 2024 and have been analyzed thematically. The theoretical frame of reference in the work is Hildegaard Peplau's interaction theory.  Results The results showed female victims of intimate partner violence's experiences of supporting as well as inhibiting factors, in the treatment from healthcare. The aim was answered in the main categories supporting and inhibiting factors, which contained five, respectively, four subcategories. The main category supporting factors covered the subcategories unburdening, trust, information, affinity and availability. The main category inhibiting factors covered the subcategories threatened integrity, lack of commitment, discrimination, diminishing, and victim blaming. Conclusion The primary results showed that inhibiting factors have negatively affected women's relationship with healthcare and that supporting factors have positively affected the relationship, increasing women's ability to receive support. Throughout, women have described forward questions, taking initiative, and inividualized support as success factors in the treatment from healthcare.

In this article we take a critical stance toward the rational progressive narrative surrounding the integration of domestic violence within health care. Whilst changes in recent UK policy and practice have resulted in several tangible benefits, it is argued that there may be hidden dilemmas and challenges. We suggest that the medical model of care and its discursive practices position women as individually accountable for domestic violence-related symptoms and injuries. This may not only be ineffective in terms of service provision but could also have the potential to reduce the political significance of domestic violence as an issue of concern for all women. Furthermore, it is argued that the use of specific metaphors enables practitioners to distance themselves from interactions that may prove to be less comfortable and provide less than certain outcomes. Our analysis explores the possibilities for change that might currently be available. This would appear to involve a consideration of alternative discourses and the reformulation of power relations and subject positions in health care.

Intimate partner violence (IPV), substance use, and HIV are syndemic and have compounding risks that contribute to the collective physical and mental health burden among women in the United States. These syndemic factors may contribute to the significant gender-related disparities in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. IPV is a source of stress and trauma for women, with known interactions with SUD; however, SUD services generally lack trauma-informed treatment modalities to address IPV-related health impacts. The goal of this dissertation was to improve the understanding of the associations between IPV, substance use behaviors, and SUD treatment utilization, and to inform the response to women’s needs related to IPV experiences and substance use within healthcare settings. We employed a mixed-methods approach to understand the interplay of IPV with subsequent substance use behaviors and utilization of SUD services, along with identifying differences by HIV status. We used quantitative methods to evaluate the association of specific forms of IPV (psychological, physical, and sexual) with subsequent substance use (Chapter 2) and SUD service utilization (Chapter 3), and qualitative methods to explore women’s perspectives on how IPV experiences influenced their substance use behaviors and SUD treatment and recovery (Chapter 4). The study in Chapter 2 found that incident IPV experiences were associated with increased risk of subsequent substance use, with physical IPV being more consistently associated than other IPV forms. The study in Chapter 3 found recent IPV experiences to be associated with increased SUD service utilization, whereas lifetime IPV experiences were associated with decreased utilization. Both quantitative studies highlight the complex relationship between IPV and substance use and SUD service utilization. This relationship varies by IPV form, with the syndemic interaction of IPV and HIV exacerbating adverse outcomes. In Chapter 4, qualitative findings explained mechanisms of IPV’s contribution to substance use behaviors and impediment of SUD service engagement and recovery. The interviews also highlighted the value of mental health and IPV supportive services, along with SUD treatment, for a successful SUD recovery. Overall, the findings of this dissertation emphasize the importance of using a trauma-informed approach to address IPV to facilitate women’s SUD recovery. / 2026-05-16T00:00:00Z

This bachelor thesis explores the representation of older women ́s vulnerability and support needs in policy documents from Swedish municipalities concerning intimate partner violence. The background of this study is that there is a reason to believe in a difference concerning policy documents from Swedish municipalities regarding the work against intimate partner violence. The aim of this study is to examine the representation of older women in Swedish policy documents of intimate partner violence and how the representation is presented. To address the research question the study utilizes a qualitative text analysis method, the study employs the analytical tool along “Discrimination with words” which examines four different forms of linguistic discrimination which are “exclusion”, “belittlement”, “objectifying” and “negative differential treatment”, as well as “invisibility” that is also a form of discrimination. The study aimed to include all 290 Swedish municipality policy documents, however we were able to gain access to 144 policy documents. The findings reveal an underrepresentation of older women in the documents. Out of the 144 policy documents from municipalities, 64 mentioned older women. Moreover, the mentions often lacked depth and failed to adequately describe older women ́s unique challenges and needs. Out of the documents that mentioned older women, many did so in a generalized manner, lacking specific strategies to address their situations. The lack of detailed representation suggests that intimate partner violence against older women is not sufficiently acknowledged or addressed in the municipal policy documents. This study emphasizes the necessity for Swedish municipalities to expand their representation of older women experiencing intimate partner violence. Such improvements are necessary to ensure that older women receive adequate support that reflects a commitment to include intersectionality and ageism in Swedish policy documents. Lastly the findings underscore the importance of using inclusive language when forming policy documents.