In this thesis, we provide an adequate lexicographic representation of lexical-semantic conversion. Under the term lexical-semantic conversion, the relation between semantically similar syntactic structures which are based on separate lexical units of the same verb lexeme is understood. These relations are associated with various changes in valency structure of verbs - they may involve a number of valency complementations, their type, obligatoriness as well as morphemic forms. These changes arise from differences in the mapping of situational participants onto valency complementations. On the basis of semantic and syntactic analysis of two types of Czech lexical- semantic conversions, the locative conversion and the conversion Bearer of action-Location, we propose to represent lexical units creating syntactic variants in the relation of lexical semantic conversion by separate valency frames stored in the data component of the lexicon. The special attribute -conv whose value is a type of lexical-semantic conversion is assigned to relevant valency frames. Then the rule component of the lexicon consists of general rules determining changes in the correspondence between situational participants and valency complementations. This proposal is primarily designed for the valency lexicon of Czech verbs, VALLEX....

La thèse concerne l'étude de la relation entre les performances rédactionnelles et orthographiques dans le cas spécifique de la rédaction effectuée, en classe, par des élèves, au cours de leur scolarité du CE2 jusqu'à la 6ème de collège. Notre but est de vérifier si, dès le CE2, la relation entre les performances orthographiques et rédactionnelles est identique en langue française à celle évoquée dans la littérature anglo-saxonne pour la langue anglaise (McCutchen, 1995 ; Berninger, 1999 ; Fayol, 1999 ; Graham, 1999). Les modèles théoriques mobilisés sont ceux de la psycholinguistique développementale (modèles structuraux et fonctionnels de la rédaction), de la psychologie cognitive (théorie capacitaire) et de la linguistique (plurisystème graphique de l'orthographe française). La partie empirique est composée de deux études longitudinales. La première compare les productions écrites, à 3 ans d'écarts, de 79 élèves scolarisés en CE2 en 2001 puis en 6ème en 2004 ; la seconde étudie l'évolution des productions écrites de 173 élèves répartis sur 18 classes durant deux années scolaires, du début CE2 en 2006 à la fin du CM1 en 2008. Les résultats, reposant sur l'utilisation de méthodes d'analyse de corrélation, de régression, de modèles de croissance et de modèles multiniveaux montrent qu'au CE2, contrairement aux résultats concernant la langue anglaise, la performance rédactionnelle (qualité de texte) n'a pas de lien avec la quantité de texte et les performances orthographiques n'ont de lien avéré ni avec la quantité ni avec la qualité des récits produits. Ce lien se tisse seulement au cours de l'année de CE2. La partie prospective de notre étude montre que les pratiques d'enseignement du français dans les classes de CE2 entrent comme l'une des explications de la nature du lien entre performances lexicales et rédactionnelles (quantité de texte). / The thesis concerns the study of the relationship between writing performance and spelling performance in the specific case of writing done in class by pupils from their third year in primary school to their first year in secondary school. Our aim was to determine whether, by the third year of primary school, the spelling and writing performance was the same in French as that reported for English in the English-language literature (McCutchen, 1995; Berninger, 1999; Fayol, 1999; Graham, 1999). The theoretical models used were those of developmental psycholinguistics (structural and functional models of writing), cognitive psychology (capacity theory) and linguistics (graphical plurisystem of French spelling). The empirical part comprises two longitudinal studies. The first compares written production collected at a three-year interval from 79 pupils first in their third year of primary school in 2001 and then in their first year of secondary school in 2004. The second studies the evolution of written production from 173 pupils in 18 classes during two school years, from the start of their third year in primary school in 2006 to the end of their fourth year in primary school in 2008. The results, based on the use of correlation and regression analysis methods and on growth and multilevel models, show that at the third year of primary school, unlike reported English language results, writing performance (text quality) was not linked to text quantity, and spelling performance was not demonstrably linked to either the quality or the quantity of the writing produced. This link forms only during the course of the third year of primary school. The prospective part of our study shows that how French is taught in the third year of primary school helps to explain the nature of the link between lexical performance and writing performance (text quantity).

Cette thèse s’intéresse au lexique scientifique transdisciplinaire (LST), lexique inscrit dans le genre de l’article de recherche en sciences humaines et sociales. Le LST est fréquemment mobilisé dans les écrits scientifiques et constitue ainsi un objet d’importance pour l’étude de ce genre. Ce lexique trouve également des applications concrètes tant en indexation terminologique que pour l’aide à la rédaction/compréhension de textes scientifiques. Ces différents objectifs nous amènent à adopter une approche outillée pour identifier et caractériser les unités lexicales du LST, lexique complexe à circonscrire, situé entre lexique de la langue générale et terminologie. En nous basant sur les propriétés de spécificité et de transdisciplinarité ainsi que sur l’étude des propriétés lexico-syntaxiques de ses éléments, nous élaborons une ressource du LST intégrant informations lexicales, syntaxiques et sémantiques. L’analyse de la combinatoire à l’aide d’un corpus arboré autorise ainsi une caractérisation du LST ancrée sur l’usage dans le genre de l’article de recherche. Selon cette même approche, nous identifions les acceptions nominales transdisciplinaires et proposons une classification sémantique fondée sur la combinatoire en corpus pour intégrer à notre ressource lexicale une typologie nominale sur deux niveaux. Nous montrons enfin que cette structuration du LST nous permet d’aborder la dimension phraséologique et rhétorique du LST en faisant émerger du corpus des constructions récurrentes définies par leurs propriétés syntactico-sémantiques. / In this dissertation we study the French cross-disciplinary scientific lexicon (CSL), a lexicon which fall within the genre of scientific articles in humanities and social sciences. As the CSL is commonly used in scientific texts, it is a gateway of interest to explore this genre. This lexicon has also practical applications in the fields of automatic terms identification and foreign language teaching in the academic background. To this end, we apply a corpus-driven approach in order to extract and structure the CSL lexical units which are complex to circumscribe. The method relies on the cross-disciplinarity and specificity criteria and on the lexico-syntactic properties of the CSL lexical units. As a result, we designed a lexical resource which include lexical, syntactical and semantical informations. As we analyze the combinatorial properties extracted from a parsed corpus of scientific articles, we performed a CSL study based on its genre specific use. We follow the same approach to identify cross-disciplinary meanings for the CSL nouns and to design a nominal semantic classification. This two-level typology allow us to explore rhetorical and phraseological CSL properties by identifying frequent syntactico-semantic patterns.

La thèse étudie les traductions en grec moderne de deux œuvres du mouvement des Lumières françaises. Elle explore les Lumières néohelléniques et appréhende les principaux points de l’idéologie de ce mouvement en relation avec le contexte socioculturel et historique du monde grécophone, afin de présenter les facteurs qui donnent naissance à la « question de la langue » et d’établir les conditions qui influent sur l’art de la traduction et sur la langue utilisés à l’époque. Les relations idéologiques du mouvement des Lumières néohelléniques avec l’œuvre de Montesquieu et de Voltaire et leur réception sont également explorées. Il est question de l’art de la traduction en même temps que de la langue utilisée dans le monde grécophone au XIXe siècle, dans une approche méthodologique originale. L’étude contrastée de la question de la langue avec l’univers idéologique de chaque type d’expression langagière, ainsi que la présentation pragmatologique des œuvres étudiées permettent d’étayer la relation des choix linguistiques avec le contexte socioculturel de leur apparition. L’étude conclut sur la présentation d’un travail à vocation lexicologique où les vocables sont interrogés sous un angle diachronique, et à partir du texte français, les traductions de deux œuvres sont analysées depuis le XIXème siècle jusqu’à l’âge contemporain. L’évolution sémantique des termes recherchés est présentée dans un souci de précision, à partir d’un corpus conséquent, mobilisant des sources primaires et des dictionnaires du XVIIIème au XXIème siècle. Ce travail permet de dégager des conclusions sur la langue, valables pour l’appréhension de l’évolution du vocabulaire néohellénique dans son ensemble. / The thesis studies the translations into Modern Greek of two works of the French Enlightenment. It examines the ideological hallmarks of the Greek Enlightenment in light of the sociocultural reality of the Greek-speaking world, in order to elucidate the origins of the language controversy as well as the various forces shaping translations and language at that time. It also explores the ideological affinities between Montesquieu, Voltaire and the Greek Enlightenment, as well as the reception of the two writers in Greece. The art of translation is separately analyzed and discussed, as is language as key to a novel methodological approach towards translation in the Greek-speaking world of the 19th century. Throughout the thesis, linguistic matters are addressed against the backdrop of ideological developments. The approach to the individual works is intended to reveal the linguistic choices that were made, how these affected the lexicological development of the language, and the sociocultural context in which this occurred. The thesis concludes with an extensive lexicological analysis of terms found in the corpus, predicated on a comparison of the different translations of the two works in question, from the 19th century to the present. The semantic evolution of the terms studied is traced in detail, using a wide range of literary sources and dictionaries, going back to the 1700s. Based on this historical cultural and lexicological groundwork, a number of conclusions are drawn. In the end, this study of the language and vocabulary reveals certain tendencies and, more generally, sheds new light on the dynamics and advancement of the Modern Greek lexicon as a whole.

Submitted by Gabriela Guimarães Jeronimo (gabriela.ggj@gmail.com) on 2018-11-01T01:11:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - GABRIELA GUIMARÃES JERONIMO.pdf: 7867662 bytes, checksum: a82a338630b27b520a0f46577ce985bc (MD5) / Rejected by Aline Aparecida Matias null (alinematias@fclar.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: 1) Ficha catalográfica: seu nome deve aparecer como está na Página de Rosto e na Folha de Aprovação. Sendo assim na entrada da ficha fica: Jeronimo, Gabriela Guimarães e no corpo da ficha Gabriela Guimarães Jeronimo. 2) Agradecimentos: De acordo com a PORTARIA CAPES n. 206, de 4 de setembro de 2018 (http://pesquisa.in.gov.br/imprensa/jsp/visualiza/index.jsp?data=05/09/2018&jornal=515&pagina=22), que dispõe sobre a obrigatoriedade de citação da CAPES, o agradecimento à agência de fomento deverá aparecer da seguinte forma: "O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Código de Financiamento 001". Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-11-01T18:32:55Z (GMT) / Submitted by Gabriela Guimarães Jeronimo (gabriela.ggj@gmail.com) on 2018-11-01T19:29:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GABRIELA GUIMARÃES JERONIMO - TESE.pdf: 7859403 bytes, checksum: 9bbeff9ac4d7ed074203fdb02c6f853b (MD5) / Rejected by Aline Aparecida Matias null (alinematias@fclar.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: 1) Agradecimentos: A frase deve ser exatamente a que aparece na Portaria n. 206, de 4 de setembro de 2018 (http://pesquisa.in.gov.br/imprensa/jsp/visualiza/index.jsp?data=05/09/2018&jornal=515&pagina=22), que dispõe sobre a obrigatoriedade de citação da CAPES, o agradecimento à agência de fomento deverá aparecer da seguinte forma: "O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Código de Financiamento 001". Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-11-01T19:49:54Z (GMT) / Submitted by Gabriela Guimarães Jeronimo (gabriela.ggj@gmail.com) on 2018-11-01T20:09:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - GABRIELA GUIMARÃES JERONIMO.pdf: 7857927 bytes, checksum: 5d2030ce15663d022c15c22667afb9e0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Maria Rodrigues null (milena@fclar.unesp.br) on 2018-11-12T20:49:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jeronimo_gg_dr_arafcl.pdf: 7857927 bytes, checksum: 5d2030ce15663d022c15c22667afb9e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-12T20:49:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jeronimo_gg_dr_arafcl.pdf: 7857927 bytes, checksum: 5d2030ce15663d022c15c22667afb9e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Le concept de définition, ainsi que la relation entre les mots et les choses sont des thèmes discutés depuis longtemps, et ne sont pas encore complètement épuisés parmi les théoriciens qui se consacrent à les étudier. A partir de la Lexicologie et de son interface avec d'autres domaines du savoir, en particulier, la Lexicographie, l'Anthropologie, l'Histoire et la Sociologie, nous proposons de mener une recherche dont les objets d’enquête sont des types particuliers de définition employés oralement par les locuteurs au fur et à mesure qu’ils décrivent les éléments de la flore. Pour la constitution du corpus oral, il a fallu, d'abord, mener des recherches sur le terrain dans sept municipalités situées dans la région sud-est de l'État de Goiás. Nous avons interviewé deux femmes et deux hommes dans chaque localité, représentant le total de vingt-huit personnes, la majorité âgée de plus de soixante ans. En plus d'appartenir, quasiment, à la même génération, un autre point commun est le fait que leur histoire de vie est traversée par la relation avec la campagne avant et après l'exode rural qui a commencé dans les terres de Goiás en 1980. Notre objectif principal est d'analyser les procédures linguistiques utilisées par les dames et messieurs dans la constitution des définitions qui font référence aux plantes de la région. Plus précisément, ce travail propose : i) de comparer les définitions faites par nos interlocuteurs avec celles enregistrées dans la base de données du Dictionnaire Historique du Brésil (DHPB), qui se compose des textes et des documents les plus variés ; ii) discuter de la relation entre le lexique, la culture et la société à partir du corpus de recherche ; iii) souligner les différences entre les savoirs des personnes interviewées et le savoir basilaire des définitions enregistrées dans la base de données de la DHPB datée du XVIe au XVIIIe siècle, et de la première décennie du XIXe siècle; iv) proposer une typologie définitionnelle qui réponde aux particularités du corpus oral. Le corpus est organisé sur la base de la proposition Begriffssystem (HALLIG ; WARTBURG, 1963), dans laquelle la séquence d'apparition des unités lexicales est basée sur la logique du locuteur, c'est-à-dire, la relation des sujets de la recherche avec les plantes est ce qui définit l’ordre dans lequel les unités lexicales sont disposées et non celle alphabétique. Quant aux procédures d'analyse, nous avons fait la comparaison entre les définitions extraites de la base de données du DHPB et celles extraites du corpus oral transcrit, où nous avons observé les similitudes dans l'utilisation des éléments paralexicographiques qui introduisent les processus de description; séparément, nous avons analysé certaines des unités lexicales qui ne sont pas enregistrées dans la base de données, afin de saisir les particularités et les subjectivités impliquées dans la construction des définitions formulées par nos interlocuteurs, les comprenant en tant que lieu où se matérialisent les savoirs et les mémoires des locuteurs qui, linguistiquement, les formulent. Enfin, sur la base des discussions théoriques que nous avons menées, notamment, Biderman (1984), Blinkstein (1938), Certeau (1998), Geertz (1997, 2008, 2009), Martin (1988), Mignolo, (2003), Murakawa (2005, 2014, 2016), Paula (2007), Pollak (1889), Rey-Debove (1984), Rey (1988), nous proposons une typologie définitionnelle qui puisse embrasser ces cas particuliers que nous appelons la « définition de seuil ». / O conceito de definição, bem como a relação entre as palavras e as coisas são temas discutidos há bastante tempo e, ainda assim, não são assuntos completamente esgotados entre os teóricos que dedicam-se a estudá-los. A partir da Lexicologia e sua interface com outros campos do saber, em especial, a Lexicografia, a Antropologia, a História e a Sociologia, propomo-nos realizar uma pesquisa cujo objeto de investigação são tipos peculiares de definição empregados oralmente pelos falantes ao descreverem elementos da flora. Para constituição do corpus oral foi necessário, primeiro, a realização da pesquisa de campo que ocorreu em sete municípios localizados na região sudeste do estado de Goiás. Entrevistamos duas mulheres e dois homens em cada lugar, somando um total de vinte e oito pessoas, a maioria com idade acima de sessenta anos. Além de pertencerem, praticamente, à mesma geração, outro ponto que têm em comum é o fato de suas histórias de vida estarem atravessadas pela relação com o campo antes e depois do êxodo rural que, nas terras goianas, iniciou-se em 1980. Nosso objetivo principal é analisar os procedimentos linguísticos utilizados pelas senhoras e senhores na constituição das definições referentes às plantas da região. Mais especificamente, este trabalho se propõe: i) comparar as definições realizadas pelos nossos interlocutores àquelas registradas no banco de dados do Dicionário Histórico do Português do Brasil (DHPB) que é constituído pelos mais variados textos e documentos; ii) discutir a relação entre léxico, cultura e sociedade a partir do corpus de pesquisa; iii) apontar diferenças entre os saberes dos entrevistados e o saber basilar das definições registradas no banco de dados do DHPB com datação localizada desde o século XVI até o XVIII, e o primeiro decênio do XIX; iv) propor uma tipologia definicional que atenda às particularidades do corpus oral. O corpus está organizado com base na proposta do Begriffssystem (HALLIG; WARTBURG, 1963), em que a sequência de aparição das unidades lexicais está pautada na lógica do falante, isto é, a relação dos sujeitos da pesquisa com as plantas é quem define a ordem em que as unidade lexicais estão dispostas e não a alfabética. Quanto os procedimentos de análise, fizemos a comparação entre as definições extraídas do banco de dados do DHPB e àquelas retiradas do corpus oral transcrito, onde observamos as semelhanças no uso dos elementos paralexicográficos que introduzem os processos de descrição; separadamente, analisamos algumas das unidades léxicas que não se encontram registradas no banco de dados, no intuito de apreender as particularidades e subjetividades envolvidas na construção das definições formuladas por nossos interlocutores, entendendo-as enquanto lugar onde se materializam os saberes e as memórias dos falantes que, linguisticamente, as formulam. Por fim, embasados pelas discussões teóricas que trouxemos, ao longo desse trabalho, especialmente, Biderman (1984), Blinkstein (1938), Certeau (1998), Geertz (1997, 2008, 2009), Martin (1988), Mignolo (2003), Murakawa (2005, 2014, 2016), Paula (2007), Pollak (1889),), Rey-Debove (1984), Rey (1988), propomos uma tipologia definicional que possa abarcar esses casos peculiares que chamamos de "definição liminar". / The concept of definition, as well as the relationship between words and things represent themes that have long been discussed, yet they are not completely exhausted among the theorists who devote themselves to studying them. From Lexicology and its interface with other fields of knowledge, in particular, Lexicography, Anthropology, History and Sociology, we propose to carry out a research whose object of investigation are peculiar types of definition used orally by the speakers in describing elements of the flora. For constitution of the oral corpus was necessary, first, the realization of field research that occurred in seven municipalities located in the southeast region of the state of Goiás. We interviewed two women and two men in each place, totaling twenty-eight people, most of them over the age of sixty. Besides belonging, practically, to the same generation, Another point they have in common is that their life histories are crossed by the relationship with the countryside before and after the rural exodus that began in the lands of Goias in 1980. Our main objective is to analyze the linguistic procedures used by the mistress and mister in the constitution of the definitions concerning the plants of the region. More specifically, this paper proposes: i ) compare the definitions made by our interlocutors with those registered in the database of the Brazilian Historical Dictionary (DHPB), which consists of the most varied texts and documents; ii ) discuss the relationship between lexicon, culture and society from the research corpus; iii) point out differences between the interviewees' knowledge and the basilar knowledge of the definitions recorded in the DHPB database with dating located from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, and the first decade of the nineteenth century; iv) propose a definitive typology that meets the particularities of the oral corpus. The corpus is organized based on the Begriffssystem proposal (HALLIG; WARTBURG, 1963), in which the sequence of appearance of the lexical units is based on the logic of the speaker, that is, the relation of the subjects of the research with the plants is who defines the order in which the lexical units are arranged and not the alphabetical one. Regarding the procedures of analysis, we compared the definitions extracted from the DHPB database and those extracted from the transcribed oral corpus, where we observe the similarities in the use of the paralexicographic elements that introduce the processes of description; separately, we analyze some of the lexical units that are not registered in the database, in order to apprehend the particularities and subjectivities involved in the construction of the definitions formulated by our interlocutors, understanding them as a place where the knowledge and memories of the speakers that linguistically formulate them materialize. Finally, based on the theoretical discussions that we have brought along this work, specially, Biderman (1984), Blinkstein (1938), Certeau (1998), Geertz (1997, 2008, 2009), Martin (1988), Mignolo , Murakawa (2005, 2014, 2016), Paula (2007), Pollak (1889), Rey-Debove (1984), Rey (1988), propose a definitional typology that can cover these peculiar cases that we call the "liminal definition". / PROEX 0487

Petr Nejedlý: Peripheral Units of the Old Czech Lexical System: Retreating Units (abstract of the thesis) The thesis deals with Old Czech lexical units retreating from the centre to periphery of the lexical system. It examines prerequisites of the process, i.e. loss of systemic relations of the lexical unit, and describes its individual forms (the extinction of a lexical unit in the last resort). The work submits an overview of both (intra)linguistic and extra-linguistic factors which are based on development of the lexical unit and influence its retreat to the periphery. Attention is paid to systemic changes in the language which modify internal relationships within the lexical system and also lead to the loss of central position of some lexical units.

2/2 Abstract: In the present work we deal with a specific class of factors with the assumed potential to determine (refine) the preferred lexical meaning in case of ambiguity. A required feature of these factors is that they don't depend on the nature of any particular communication situation, but should be exclusively related to the person of the speaker or listener and some of his personality, sociolinguistics and other characteristics, i.e. traditional factors such as context, time-space characteristics, are deliberately excluded. The preferred lexical meaning was studied by means of a questionnaire survey in the sample of respondents. The analysed data were the initial immediate associations reported by the respondents in the association test for each of the thirty selected ambiguous words. The respondent was confronted with individual test terms in isolation outside of any context or specific communication situation. Under these assumptions, the ability of selected respondents' characteristics such as gender, age, education, geographical area of their life, profession or hobbies of the respondent can be examined to what extent they can be the explanatory factors of the lexical meaning of the first choice in the test expressions. In addition to the specific findings concerning the factors of lexical...

[pt] A idiomaticidade das cores em vocábulos e expressões da língua portuguesa no Brasil investiga o processo de compreensão do significado não literal de um corpus onde em cada exemplo há um termo denominativo de cor. Busca-se neste estudo descrever e analisar esse corpus segundo seu comportamento léxico, sintático, semântico, pragmático e cultural , em situações reais de comunicação, com foco no ensino de Português como Segunda Língua (PL2) e/ou Português para Estrangeiros (PLE). A análise mostra que a cor é, antes de tudo, um fenômeno cultural, e sua percepção está ligada à sensibilidade do homem perante a realidade que o cerca. No contexto comunicativo o brasileiro frequentemente demonstra sua afetividade ao chamar alguém de neguinho(a), ou lhe oferece respeito e deferência ao estender o tapete vermelho ou se entrega à hipérbole ao classificá-lo de botafoguense roxo. Assim, a linguagem se apropria dos termos cromáticos em novas combinações lexicais para dizer mais que simplesmente o negro da noite, o vermelho do sangue, o roxo das violetas. O aprendiz de PL2/PLE percebe que não é possível compreender o significado dessas novas combinações utilizando somente o sentido literal das palavras que as compõem. O conhecimento de fenômenos linguísticos como a idiomaticidade e a composicionalidade, abordados nesta análise, permitirá ao professor de PL2/PLE ampliar a variedade de exercícios e estratégias em sala de aula, com o objetivo de ajudar os alunos na compreensão do significado dos exemplos apresentados e na adequação de seu uso em contextos reais de comunicação. / [en] The idiomaticity of the colors in words and expressions of Portuguese language in Brazil leads us to investigate the process of understanding the nonliteral meaning of a corpus, as for in each example there is a denominative term for a color. In this study we attempt to describe and analyze this corpus according to its lexical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and cultural conduct, in realistic situations of communication, focusing on the teaching of Portuguese as a Second Language (PL2) and/or Portuguese for Foreigners (PLE). The analysis demonstrates that color is, before anything else, a cultural phenomenon, and its perception is linked to man s sensitivity when fronting the reality surrounding him. Whithin the context of the communication the Brazilian frequently reveals his emotions, as when calling someone neguinho, a term of endearment for the word black; or when showing someone respect and deference, extending o tapete vermelho (the red carpet); or resorting to hyperbole in the classification of a soccer team fan botafoguense roxo (purple). Thus, language invades chromatic terms in new lexical combinations to say more than simply the blackness of night, the redness of blood, or the purple of the violets. The student of PL2/PLE perceives that it is not possible to understand the significance of these new combinations utilizing only the literal sense of the words forming their composition. The knowledge of linguistic phenomena such as their idiomaticity and compositiveness here analyzed, will afford the teacher of PL2/PLE the chance to increase the variety of exercises and strategies in the classroom, with the objective of helping students understand the meaning of the given examples and adapt their use to real communication contexts.

This diploma thesis deals with the Italian terminology of the fashion industry. The work is divided into two parts. In the opening of the first, theoretical, part the author delimite the semantic field of the fashion industry that she will work with. The author focuses on the description of the language of fashion, contemporary Italian language and the Languages for Special Purposes. Finally she divides the Italian lexicon and decribes its each group in detail. The second, analytical, part handles with the chosen sample of keywords compiled by the created corpora and segments it according to the above mentioned division. The aim of the thesis is to discover the structure of the contemporary terminology of the fashion industry and to determine general tendencies of lexical enrichment in the language of fashion. The supplement comprises the Italian-Czech and Czech-Italian vocabulary and the semantic classification of the keywords.

Este é um estudo das características lexicais das composições de sambistas pioneiros do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de uma perspectiva discursiva alicerçada na constituição de um corpus representativo da sua produção lítero-musical. Tal corpus contém composições de três artistas nascidos na primeira década do século XX: Paulo da Portela, Ismael Silva e Cartola. A realização da tarefa é embasada em estudos culturais e históricos sobre o samba e o Rio de Janeiro na transição entre os séculos XIX e XX; em técnicas da Linguística de Corpus; em princípios teóricos da Análise do Discurso; em princípios teóricos e técnicas dos Estudos Lexicais (lexicologia, lexicografia e terminologia). O trabalho tem o propósito de contribuir para a investigação das características lexicais da letra de samba, especialmente nas composições típicas das primeiras décadas do século XX, que representam o período inaugural do samba urbano carioca. Adicionalmente, nele se apresentam o universo discursivo do samba, em suas práticas e valores, assim como as características textuais dos sambas do período / This is a study of the lexical characteristics of songs created by samba composers in Rio de Janeiro, from a discoursive perspective based on a corpus which is representative of their musical production. The corpus contains compositions of three artists who were born in the first decade of 20th century: Paulo da Portela, Ismael Silva and Cartola. The acomplishment of such task was based on cultural and historical studies about samba and Rio de Janeiro during the last decades of 19th century and the first decades of 20th century; on Corpus Linguistics techniques; on principles of Discourse Analysis; on techniques and principles of lexical studies (lexicology, lexicography and terminology). The purpose of this work is to contribute to the investigation of lexical characteristics of samba lyrics, specially in compositions which are typical of the early 20th century, an important period in the development of urban samba of Rio de Janeiro. Furthermore, the discoursive universe of samba is also presented, in its practices and values