En Chine la croissance économique observée durant ces trois dernières décennies, s’est accompagnée d’importants changements sociaux. Jusqu’en 2008, le droit du travail hérité de l’ère socialiste et inadapté à l’économie de marché, servait les intérêts de la croissance au détriment de ceux des travailleurs. La nouvelle loi sur le contrat de travail de 2008 a pour ambition de corriger cette situation en rééquilibrant les relations du travail dans un contexte de redistribution plus juste des nouvelles richesses. L’objectif de ce mémoire est de comprendre comment les entreprises étrangères présentes en Chine appréhendent ce changement institutionnel. Cela impacte-t-il leur gestion et leur stratégie de localisation ? Cette question est traitée, à travers l’étude du cas d’une entreprise étrangère implantée à Shanghai depuis 10 ans. Le premier effet observé est une professionnalisation du secteur des ressources humaines. L’augmentation des coûts de fonctionnement à laquelle la nouvelle loi participe a également pour effet une relocalisation des activités de production dans des régions à moindres coûts dans le centre de la Chine. L’expertise spécifiquement acquise localement est une des raisons majeures interdisant une délocalisation dans un pays tierce. / China's economic growth observed over the past three decades has been accompanied by some significant social changes. Until 2008, the labor law inherited from the socialist era and unsuited to the market economy, benefited economic growth rather than workers. The new Labor Contract Law (2008) aims at correcting this situation by balancing the labor relationship in the context of a more equitable sharing of wealth. The objective of this M.A. thesis is to understand how foreign companies in China contend with this institutional change. Does it impact their management and their location strategy? This issue is addressed by studying the case of one foreign company that has been based in Shanghai for the last 10 years. The first observed effect is a professionalization of human resource management within the firm. The increase in operating costs (to which the new law contributes in part) has also led to the relocation of manufacturing operations to cheaper area in central China. The specific expertise acquired in Shanghai is the major reason prohibiting a relocation to another country.

Walton and McKersie (1965) defined relationship patterns as those shared attitudes that are important to negotiators when they are interacting together. In the case of the 2004 Japanese Professional Baseball collective bargaining negotiations, Dabscheck (2006) discussed the major issues and events that led to the two (2) day labor strike. However, his article did not describe how the relationship pattern between the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) and the Japanese Professional Baseball Players Association (JPBPA) changed to facilitate the settlement of the conflict. Along the same vein, researchers (Adair, Brett, & Okumura, 2001; Adair & Brett, 2005; Deck, Farmer, & Zeng, 2009; and Doucet, Jehn, Weldon, & Wang, 2009; Drake, 1995; Neu, 1988; and McDaniel, 2000) attempted to show a link between negotiator behavior from cultural and communication perspectives, however, there was little empirical attention paid to the psychological process, such as thoughts, perceptions, emotions, and attitudes, and its link to negotiator behavior leaving a gap in the existing scholarly literature. To address the gap in Dabscheck's (2006) article and the existing scholarly literature, I utilized Yin's (2009) Case Study Research Approach to qualitative inquiry by analyzing document reviews and engaging collaboratively with research participants through focused interviews to investigate how the relationship pattern in the 2004 Japanese Professional Baseball collective bargaining negotiations changed from the beginning to the end of the conflict if at all. I found that the NPB and the JPBPA institutional pattern of relationship at the start of the conflict began with a containment-aggression relationship pattern, and over four (4) months, the pattern of relationship did change from containment-aggression to cooperation. Upon further investigation, I found that the NPB and the JPBPA negotiators operated initially in the distributive bargaining sub-process utilizing reinforcement tactics, but over the course of four (4) months, they began to operate in the integrative bargaining sub-process with the utilization of cognitive balance tactics even though the NPB and the JPBPA negotiators never abandoned operating in the distributive bargaining sub-process. In essence, they operated in hybrid distributive and integrative sub-processes at the same time. Moreover, I discovered that the NPB and the JPBPA moved from containment-aggression to cooperation not only because of a change in the NPB's lead negotiator position, but also because of a shared emotional moment between the NPB and the JPBPA negotiators, which initiated a shift away from stalemate. Although environmental factors, such as the media, fans, politicians, and other unions, over the course of four (4) months did not waiver in their support for the resolution of the conflict, the evidence did not directly demonstrate the way that their support and their influence manifested in the collective bargaining negotiations.

La majorité des auteurs qui s’intéressent à la surqualification la comprennent et l’analysent habituellement comme une situation de suréducation ou de déclassement scolaire. Ce mémoire fait l’hypothèse que le sens qu’accordent les individus au fait d’être surqualifié est beaucoup plus large. Même s’il est raisonnable de croire que la majorité des diplômés espèrent pouvoir obtenir un emploi à la hauteur de leur diplôme, le fait de définir le sentiment de surqualification de façon substantialiste, en ne considérant que le niveau de diplôme obtenu par le travailleur et exigé par l’employeur, semble quelque peu réducteur. Le sentiment de surqualification naît d’un jugement social : il est empirique, contextualisé et dynamique. À la croisée des mesures objectives et subjectives, nous explorons ainsi les facteurs explicatifs du sentiment de surqualification chez les diplômés canadiens à partir d’une analyse statistique des déterminants de ce sentiment dans les premières années qui suivent l’obtention de leur diplôme d’études postsecondaires. Nous montrons d’abord que l’utilisation de compétences en emploi et le lien entre le diplôme obtenu et l’emploi expliquent bien plus le sentiment de surqualification que la suréducation objective. Nous montrons aussi que l’impact du niveau d’utilisation d’une compétence donnée sur le sentiment de surqualification varie substantiellement selon le domaine d’études du diplômé et la nature de cette compétence. / The majority of researchers who study occupational overqualification interpret it as mainly a matter of overeducation. This analysis shows that the issue of overqualification has a broader interpretation than these authors have shown. One assumes that a graduate hopes to obtain a position commensurate with his level of education, but we also have to consider other factors that explain overqualification. The notion of overqualification comes from a social judgment: it is empirical, contextualized and dynamic. As there are objective and subjective measures, we explore the different factors that contribute to the perception of overqualification in Canadian postsecondary graduates. Statistical analysis is used to identify such factors in these individuals during their first years after graduation. Initially, we show that work skills and the link between the diploma earned and the employment obtained explains much more about the feeling of overqualification than solely the matter of overeducation. We also demonstrate that the impact of the extent a given skill is used on the feeling of overqualification varies substantially according to the graduate’s field of study and the nature of the particular skill utilized.

This study examines the reporting compliance, as defined by section 203(b) of the Labor -Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (LMRDA), 1959, of labor relations consultants who engage in persuader activity. Organized labor suggests that the loss in union strength results, in large part, from management's use of labor relations consultants and their failure to file required reports with the U.S. Department of Labor. Two samples of labor relations consultants known to have engaged in persuader activity and two samples of those who could be engaged in persuader activity are identified. A research questionnaire is mailed to 779 of the total of 887 labor relations consultants for whom an address could be developed. Discriminant analysis using 16 variables correctly classifies 93.8 percent of the responding labor relations consultants grouped according to whether they had filed required reports. Other discriminant analyses using selected variables are also conducted. Three associated questions are answered. First, there are an estimated 850 labor relations consultants who have engaged in persuader activity or who can be presumed to have engaged in persuader activity. Of this number, almost 500 are estimated to have engaged in persuader activity and only 30 percent of these are estimated to have filed required reports. Second, the labor relations consultants surveyed is, on average, male, an attorney, is titled "president" and is located in California, Michigan or Illinois. Third, solely in the context of National Labor Relations Board election processes, the effect on the loss of the union strength caused by (1) labor relations consultants and (2) the failure of the consultants who engaged in persuader activity to file a required report cannot be determined. However, because the estimated decrease in the number of union members over the years 1960 - 1989 exceeds the number of eligible voters in N.L.R.B. elections lost by unions over the same period, this effect is assessed as minimal

Des données de Statistique Canada montrent que le Québec a perdu 86 700 emplois manufacturiers nets entre 2004 et 2008, ce qui représente un recul de 13,8% (Bernard, 2009). Un dollar canadien fort, la concurrence internationale, les délocalisations de la production et les consolidations globales d'opérations sont souvent mentionnés comme étant les causes des difficultés du secteur manufacturier canadien - principalement concentré au Québec et en Ontario. La crise financière amorcée à l’été 2007, a contribué à aggraver la crise propre au secteur manufacturier dont les origines remontent au début des années 2000 (Weir, 2007; AgirE, 2008; Pilat et al., 2006). Cette recherche examine le processus de restructuration du secteur manufacturier québécois de manière détaillée au niveau des établissements afin d’en évaluer l’ampleur et la nature entre 2003 et 2008. Les données colligées permettent de poser un regard unique et original sur les restructurations ayant impliqué des licenciements collectifs au Québec. Ces données sont issues de deux sources. D'abord, nous avons utilisé une liste d‘entreprises qui ont envoyé un avis de licenciement collectif au Ministère de l’Emploi et de la Solidarité sociale du Québec entre 2003 et 2008. En second lieu, nous avons eu recours aux archives en ligne des médias pour trouver d’autres évènements de restructuration non rapportés par le ministère ainsi que pour obtenir des informations complémentaires sur les évènements déjà compilés dans la liste du ministère. Notre méthodologie de recherche et notre typologie analytique des types de restructuration sont basées sur celles développées par l’European Monitoring Center on Change (EMCC) et reprises dans certaines études comme celles de Bronfenbrenner et Luce (2004) et Hickey et Schenk (soumis). Les résultats, présentés en termes d’événements de restructuration et d’emplois perdus, sont ventilés en fonction de quelques variables (année d’occurrence, taille de l’établissement, sous-secteur d’activité, intensité technologique, région administrative, types de restructuration). Les raisons données par l’entreprise afin de justifier la restructuration ont aussi été colligées. Au cours de la période étudiée, nous avons identifié au total 1 631 évènements de restructurations dans le secteur manufacturier à travers toutes les régions du Québec, qui ont entraîné la perte de 129 383 emplois. Ainsi, 78 246 emplois ont été perdus suite à la réduction des activités de l‘établissement et 51 137 emplois l’ont été suite à la fermeture de leur établissement. La forme la plus fréquente de restructuration est la restructuration interne, suivi par la faillite/fermeture. Les types de restructuration qui ont engendré le plus de pertes d’emplois en moyenne par évènement sont dans l’ordre, la délocalisation, la sous-traitance, la consolidation d’activités ainsi que la fusion-acquisition. L’année 2008 fut celle où il y a eu le plus grand nombre de restructurations. Montréal et la Montérégie sont les régions qui ont le plus été touchées par la restructuration, les pertes d’emplois et les fermetures d’établissements. Les industries à faible intensité technologique ont davantage été frappées par la crise manufacturière. C’est le sous-secteur du papier et du bois qui connu le plus grand nombre d’événements de restructurations. Ce sous-secteur a aussi subi les pertes d’emplois les plus importantes, suivi par le sous-secteur du textile et du vêtement. Ces deux industries se partagent plus de la moitié des fermetures d’établissements. L’insuffisance de la demande (22,1%), la concurrence internationale (14,3%), la hausse de la valeur du dollar canadien (11,2%), la réorganisation interne de l’entreprise (11,1%), la rationalisation des coûts visant une augmentation de la profitabilité (10,1%) ainsi que les difficultés financières (9,9%) sont les motifs principaux donnés par les employeurs. Nos résultats montrent qu’il y a eu deux temps dans l’évolution de la restructuration du secteur manufacturier au Québec. Un premier temps au début de la période où des changements structurels profonds ont été observés dans certaines industries (p.ex. le bois-papier et le textile-vêtement) et un second temps, en fin de période caractérisé par des changements davantage liés à la conjoncture en raison de la crise économique dont les effets commençaient à se faire sentir à ce moment (Institut de la statistique du Québec, 2009a). / Data from Statistics Canada show that Quebec lost 86.700 manufacturing jobs between 2004 and 2008, which represents a withdraw of -13,8% (Bernard, 2009). A high value Canadian dollar, international competition, production shifts and global operations consolidations are often mentioned as causes of the difficulties in Canadian manufacturing — mainly concentrated in Quebec and Ontario, which have both been severely hit. The financial crisis that broke out in the summer 2007, contributed to worsen the crisis, specific to the manufacturing sector whose origins go up at the beginning of the years 2000 (Weir, 2007; AgirE, 2008; Pilat and al., 2006). This paper examines these aspects in some detail at the establishment level, in order to assess its extent and nature between 2003 and 2008. The data set featured provides a unique overview of the specific aspects of the restructuring processes that involve job losses in Quebec. Two original sources contributed to our study. First, we consulted the list of companies that sent a notification of mass termination to the Quebec Ministry of Labour between 2003 and 2008. Second, we searched electronic media archives to find new cases of plant closures not reported by the Ministry and additional information on the cases found with the Ministry database. Our tracking methodology and analytical typology of restructuring processes are based on those developed by the European Monitoring Center on Change (EMCC) and used in other studies by Bronfenbrenner and Luce (2004) and by Hickey and Schenk (submitted). The results, presented in terms of restructuring events and job losses, are broken down into a few variables (year of occurrence, facility size, sub-sector, technological intensity, administrative region, restructuring type). In total for the study period, we have identified 1,631 restructuring events within Quebec’s regions, which resulted in the loss of 129,383 jobs. Thus, 78,246 workers lost their jobs due to downsizing and 51,137 workers lost their jobs due to closures. Internal restructuring is the most frequent form of restructuring, followed by bankruptcy/closure. Offshoring, outsourcing, relocation and merger/acquisition are the types of restructuring that have resulted on average, in more job losses per event in Quebec's manufacturing sector during the study period. The year 2008 was one that generated the most restructuring events. Montreal and Monteregie are the regions that were the most affected by restructuring events, job losses and plant closures. Overall, it’s the low-technology industries that were the most impacted by the manufacturing crisis. The paper and wood industry had the greatest amount of restructuring events. This sub-sector also had the most job losses, followed by the textiles and clothing industry. These two industries share more than half of the closures. Demand shortage (22.1%), global competition (14.3%), the rise of Canadian dollar (11.2%), internal corporate reorganization (11.1%), cost rationalization to increase profitability (10.1%) and financial difficulties (9.9%) were the main reasons given by employers. Our results show that there were two stages in the evolution of the restructuring events within Quebec’s manufacturing sector. First, structural changes were observed in some industries (e.g. wood and paper and textile-garment) at the beginning of the period and a second phase characterized by economic related changes , due to the economic crisis, whose effects began to be felt at that time (Quebec Institute of Statistics, 2009a).

Resumé Equal treatment and non-discrimination are rules that are essential in international law, European law and national law. They are regulated in many international documents, in terms of European law, especially, in the regulations and directives. Czech Republic, as one of the member States of the European Union is obliged to ensure compliance of national law with European law. It was therefore necessary in order to ensure compliance with requirements of the EC / EU in the field of equal treatment and non-discrimination of employees that are regulated in anti-discrimination directives with our national law. This happened by adoption of Act No. 198/2009 Coll., Anti-Discrimination Act, which as a general law governing these principles. In my works I deal with treatment of these principles in the documents of international law and international organizations active in this area in the primary and secondary law of the EC/EU and also the current modification in our legal system. My work is divided into an introduction, six sections and a conclusion. The first part of my work deals with the basic concepts relevant to this area, such as equality, equal treatment, discrimination and its types, as direct or indirect, and others. In the second part I focused on the modification of the principle of equal...

Master of Science / Department of Hospitality Management and Dietetics / Kevin L. Sauer / Satisfaction with internal communication is important in all organizations and is influenced by the quality and consistency of communication exchange. Job satisfaction is also widely studied in organizations and plays a significant role in employee behavior. Job satisfaction typically correlates with communication satisfaction across different occupations, yet little is known about the communication and job satisfaction relationship in the hospitality industry or specific foodservice organizations. This study explored multiple facets of communication and job satisfaction in a university foodservice setting using the Communication Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Abridged Job Descriptive Index. Results indicated that student employees had the highest levels of communication satisfaction (M=181.75±38.24) while classified employees reported lower communication satisfaction (M=161.00±35.04). Managers reported the lowest levels of communication satisfaction (M=156.17±30.34) and also expressed the highest job satisfaction (M=78.66±18.66). Substantial relationships between job and communication satisfaction were not clearly defined in this study; however, specific themes and opportunities for future research were discovered. Results of this study advance the knowledge about communication and job satisfaction in the foodservice environment.

Master of Agribusiness / Department of Agricultural Economics / Keith Harris / Inefficiencies in a warehouse that operates multiple zones can create bottlenecks in the order fulfillment process. This study’s focuses on the exploration of potential bottlenecks in an agricultural aftermarket company’s order fulfillment process and its multi-zone warehouse. Order fulfillment includes stages of order processing, SKU picking and staging from the conveyor zone and the “H” zone, and the final packaging and shipping of the order within the Truck Freight Department. A review of the company’s EOP program, and the effects of the program, provides additional insight into our understanding of bottlenecks within a dynamic the system. In doing so, the research will extend the existing knowledge on warehouse management with multiple zones. The conclusion of this paper offers solutions that will alleviate the bottlenecks and improve the overall efficiency of the order fulfillment process within a multi-zone warehouse.

Esta tese apresenta um estudo de caso sobre a Vale S.A. e as relações de trabalho e sindicais na empresa por meio de observações em campo e entrevistas realizadas no Brasil e no Canadá. Seu objetivo é analisar questões como: 1) a transnacionalização em curso da Vale e suas consequências para as relações de trabalho, revelando aspectos da dinâmica de integração da economia brasileira ao capitalismo global; 2) a estratégia de relações de trabalho e sindicais da empresa, que busca o enfraquecimento e o isolamento dos sindicatos, evitando ameaças ao poder corporativo; e 3) a reestruturação das operações da Vale no Canadá e as mudanças promovidas na relação com o sindicato e com os trabalhadores locais, baseadas na estratégia de relações de trabalho desenvolvida historicamente pela empresa no Brasil, o que levou à maior greve no setor privado naquele país em 30 anos. / This doctoral thesis presents a case study about Vale S.A. and its labor and union relations through fieldwork and interviews conducted in Brazil and Canada. It aims to analyze certain issues such as: 1) Vales ongoing transnationalization process and its consequences for labor relations, revealing some aspects of the integration of Brazilian economy into global capitalism; 2) the companys labor and union relations strategy, which seeks to weaken and isolate unions, avoiding threats to corporate power; 3) the restructuring of Vales operations in Canada and changes in the relationship with the union and local workers, based on the companys labor relations strategy, historically developed in Brazil, which led to the largest strike in Canadian private sector over the last 30 years.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vagner de Oliveira Fernandes.pdf: 881636 bytes, checksum: 8415f2d33b6fad8d582c0d726dbce0f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-19 / The objective of this paper was to study the issue of labor relations using a case study of the EMBRAER Company in the context global economic crisis 2008-2009, which resulted in the dismissal of more than 4,200 workers. This theme was developed taking into account dimensions surrounding the labor relations in this environment related. At the micro dimension is the organization and employees with their work process, their policies, philosophies and organizational cultures. The agents of the meso dimension are mediators between the strength of work and the organizations, representing syndicates, associations, federations, among others. At the macro dimension is the state with its public and social policies, as well as social and labor legislation. On the global dimension is the market with their arrangements, transnational corporations, economic blocs and international regulatory agencies. Thus, this study is an analysis of the EMBRAER through the cut of those dimensions, explaining what actually happened in this environment that led to the biggest crisis on the history labor relations of the company. This paper is important for two main issues: first, to treat with a global company with high capital intensity and technology, recognized worldwide for quality in the manufacture of its aircraft, and second, by treating a widely debated topic that can be analyzed in a new point of view and debate. The paper was developed by the qualitative method and the data for analysis were collected through interviews, as well as consultation documents, materials published in the press and websites / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar o tema das relações de trabalho utilizando-se do estudo de caso da empresa EMBRAER no contexto da crise econômica global 2008-2009, que resultou na demissão de mais de 4,2 mil trabalhadores. Este tema foi desenvolvido levando em consideração as dimensões que cercam as relações de trabalho neste ambiente relacionado. Na dimensão microssocial encontram-se a organização e os trabalhadores com seu processo de trabalho, suas políticas, filosofias e culturas organizacionais. Na mesossocial, estão os agentes mediadores da força do trabalho e das organizações, o que corresponde aos sindicatos, associações, federações, entre outras entidades. No macrossocial, encontra-se o Estado, com suas políticas públicas e sociais, além das legislações sociais e trabalhistas. Na dimensão global, situa-se o mercado com seus arranjos globais, empresas transnacionais, blocos econômicos e agências regulatórias internacionais. Desta maneira, este estudo faz uma análise do caso EMBRAER através do recorte dessas dimensões, explicando o que de fato ocorreu neste ambiente que levou à maior crise da história das relações de trabalho da empresa. Este estudo torna-se relevante por duas grandes questões: primeiro, por se tratar de uma empresa global, com alta intensidade de capital e tecnologia, reconhecida mundialmente pela qualidade na fabricação de suas aeronaves; segundo, por analisar um tema amplamente discutido sob um novo prisma, que poderá gerar um novo debate acerca do assunto. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida pelo método qualitativo, cujos dados para análise foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, além de consultas a documentos, materiais divulgados pela imprensa e sites