Als am 11. Dezember 1929 die IV. Städtische Bücherhalle in Leipzig-Plagwitz ihre Arbeit aufnahm, vollendete sich damit der „Vier-Bibliotheken-Plan“ Walter Hofmanns, der die Bücherhallen der Stadt Leipzig zu „wirklich leistungsfähigen Instrumenten volkserzieherischer Arbeit“ machen sollte. Das nach den Plänen des Leipziger Architekten Otto Fischbeck im Bauhausstil errichtete Haus war das erste eigenständige Bibliotheksgebäude der Stadt. Im Bestand befanden sich damals etwa 19.000 Bände verschiedener Literaturgattungen, ca. 60 Zeitungen sowie Broschüren über Wirtschaft und Politik.

Die Lichtensteiner Stadtbibliothek veranstaltete anlässlich des 125. Jahrestages der Gründung eine Festwoche, die vom 26. November bis zum 6. Dezember stattfand. 2007 konnte die Bibliothek moderne Räume beziehen, die eine wesentliche Verbesserung für Nutzer und Mitarbeiter mit sich brachten. In der Festwoche wurde durch viele öffentlichkeitswirksame Aktionen auf die Bibliothek und ihr Jubiläum aufmerksam gemacht.

This descriptive, non-experimental study examines the strength of the relationship between California school library media programs and student achievement, using data from California criterion-referenced state-wide tests, publically available school and community demographic data, and a state survey of school library programs. Results indicate a substantial discrepancy in library staffing levels from the elementary grades through the high schools. Nevertheless, statistically significant correlations were found between certificated staffing levels and student achievement at each grade. Significant correlations persisted at the elementary and middle school when controlling for five of six school and community variables, and at the high school when controlling for all six of those variables. Bivariate correlations between total staffing and student achievement were significant at both the middle school and high school level when controlling for all school and community variables. Generally, the strength of the correlations between both certificated and total staffing tended to increase with grade level; at the high school level, correlations were among the strongest reported in any statewide study to date. There was a significant positive relationship between a majority of the 21 library services regularly provided and student achievement at all levels. Total library services were significantly related to student achievement at all levels when controlling for all school and community variables. In multiple regression analyses, there was an increasingly stronger relationship between total library programs and student achievement by grade level when controlling for all school and community variables. At every level, certificated and total staffing levels were associated with the strength of library program elements. The findings from this study confirm a host of prior research on the relationship between school libraries and student achievement and point to inequitable access to school library services in California. Results from this study might also provide a baseline of data for qualitative research that more deeply explores ways school library programs contribute to student achievement beyond ways measured by current standardized tests.

In the old university of Turku there were written about 4 400 theses. About 1100 of them havefound their way to Linköping in Sweden. This paper describes these theses, new variants whichwere found and some characteristics of their provenance. They are compared with the largebibliography over theses from Turku by Vallinkoski. A couple of theses with completeinformation which have not been available since 1827 were found. Several new variants werefound and together with the known variants they have increased our knowledge about use oftheses by students. Different variants could be designed to thank people at the Academy and inTurku, to thank people at home in Sweden who have contributed to the costsome studies andvery often to the bishop of the students home-diocese. There are even examples of wbichdifferent variants were printed for different dioceses.Theses from time before 1713 are quite few, about 150. They seem to have come to the libraryby private persons, mostly by priests who studied in Turku. No signs of other forms of distributioncan be seen.There are many more theses from the period 1722-1827. The collection is anonymous withhundreds of theses which never have been opened. This and other facts indicate amassdistribution. The author presumes that this massdistribution is connected with the exchangeof publications that started in Sweden in the 1740s initiated by the Uppsala university.

Throughout Victoria's reign, Lord Lindsay and his son Ludovic, respectively twenty-fifth and twenty-sixth earls of Crawford, created one of the largest private libraries ever assembled in Britain. The Bibliotheca Lindesiana included some six thousand manuscripts, which Ludovic sold to Enriqueta Rylands in 1901 for £155,000. The principal problematic that I address in this thesis is: Why did the earls of Crawford invest vast amounts of financial and cultural capital in this endeavour? In other words, what factors - both structural and specific - led to the formation of the library, what purposes did it serve, and what roles did its manuscript components in particular perform? Other questions include: How - and how successfully - did Lindsay and Ludovic maintain physical and intellectual control over the rapidly growing library? How did they position themselves within networks of connoisseurship and collecting in Victorian Britain? How was the formation of the Oriental manuscript collections connected with Lindsay's interest in racial classification and with wider racial discourses? And how did the library reflect and reinforce Lindsay's identity as a gentleman-scholar? Previous studies of this and other manuscript collections have adhered to an antiquarian, bio-bibliographical model, focusing on the detailed matter and mechanisms of collecting, rather than exploring the socio-cultural and epistemological contexts of their development. This thesis, by contrast, constitutes the first extended application of cultural theory to a manuscript collection, or indeed to any private library, in the nineteenth century. I combine close archival work with Bourdieu's concepts of field, capital and habitus to reveal the complex structuration and signification of the library, and to investigate the imbrication between the earls' personal agency and wider forces operating upon the library. My examination of the Bibliotheca Lindesiana has uncovered several key issues and themes hitherto unexplored in this or any other major private library of the nineteenth century. First, I argue that the reasons for the library's development reside principally in various forms of classification, which preoccupied Lindsay and reflected wider societal trends and taxonomies: the classification of libraries and the ramification of knowledge; Lindsay's deployment of the library to corroborate his and his family's social and cultural distinction (i.e. social classification); and an interest in racial classification, which reflected Orientalist discourses associated with imperialism. Secondly, while the dispersal of aristocratic collections in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries is a familiar trope, this study is the first to contextualize the decline of a private library within the struggle between the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie. Finally, this is the first examination of the impact of professionalization upon private as opposed to public libraries, revealing the tensions between amateur traditions and growing professionalism and specialization in the nineteenth century. I thus 'read' through the library some of the wider socio-economic and cultural issues operating in Victorian Britain and its empire.

Esta dissertação traz para estudo a criação da Divisão de Bibliotecas do Departamento de Cultura e Recreação da Prefeitura de São Paulo (1935). Apresenta, discute e analisa a política cultural colocada em prática, bem como as ações que foram realizadas pela Biblioteca Infantil, Biblioteca Municipal, Biblioteca Circulante e Biblioteca Popular no período de 1935 até 1938. Apresenta as discussões políticas, documentos de época, organograma das estruturas de governo, as preocupações com pessoal e orçamento para a realização das atividades na Divisão de Bibliotecas. Discute a relação do Estado frente a projetos que envolvam a informação, a cultura e a sociedade, na perspectiva compreensiva no campo das políticas culturais. Identifica os pontos de articulação que as bibliotecas públicas da Divisão de Bibliotecas realizaram com o Estado à luz das políticas culturais. Conclui que o Departamento de Cultura e a criação da Divisão de Bibliotecas estabeleceu um novo padrão de intervenção do Estado na área da cultura, bem como nas atividades realizadas pelas bibliotecas públicas em sociedade. / This research study brings to the creation of the Division of Libraries, Department of Culture and Recreation of the City of São Paulo (1935). Presents, discusses and analyzes the cultural policy put in place as well as the actions that were performed by the Children\'s Library, City Library, Library Current and Popular Library in the period from 1935 until 1938. Features political discussions, documents time chart of government structures, concerns over staff and budget to carry out the activities in the Division of Libraries. Discusses the relationship of the state against projects involving information, culture and society, comprehensive perspective in the field of cultural policies. Identifies the points of articulation that public libraries of the Division of Libraries held with the State in the light of cultural policies. Concludes that the Department of Culture and the Creation of the Division of Libraries has set a new standard for state intervention in the field of culture as well as the activities carried out by public libraries in society.

Esta dissertação traz para estudo a criação da Divisão de Bibliotecas do Departamento de Cultura e Recreação da Prefeitura de São Paulo (1935). Apresenta, discute e analisa a política cultural colocada em prática, bem como as ações que foram realizadas pela Biblioteca Infantil, Biblioteca Municipal, Biblioteca Circulante e Biblioteca Popular no período de 1935 até 1938. Apresenta as discussões políticas, documentos de época, organograma das estruturas de governo, as preocupações com pessoal e orçamento para a realização das atividades na Divisão de Bibliotecas. Discute a relação do Estado frente a projetos que envolvam a informação, a cultura e a sociedade, na perspectiva compreensiva no campo das políticas culturais. Identifica os pontos de articulação que as bibliotecas públicas da Divisão de Bibliotecas realizaram com o Estado à luz das políticas culturais. Conclui que o Departamento de Cultura e a criação da Divisão de Bibliotecas estabeleceu um novo padrão de intervenção do Estado na área da cultura, bem como nas atividades realizadas pelas bibliotecas públicas em sociedade. / This research study brings to the creation of the Division of Libraries, Department of Culture and Recreation of the City of São Paulo (1935). Presents, discusses and analyzes the cultural policy put in place as well as the actions that were performed by the Children\'s Library, City Library, Library Current and Popular Library in the period from 1935 until 1938. Features political discussions, documents time chart of government structures, concerns over staff and budget to carry out the activities in the Division of Libraries. Discusses the relationship of the state against projects involving information, culture and society, comprehensive perspective in the field of cultural policies. Identifies the points of articulation that public libraries of the Division of Libraries held with the State in the light of cultural policies. Concludes that the Department of Culture and the Creation of the Division of Libraries has set a new standard for state intervention in the field of culture as well as the activities carried out by public libraries in society.

<p>My goal with this thesis was to investigate how educational material in the subjects of history, geography and social studies relate to the fact that Sweden has a history marked by prejudice and racism.I have chosen to focus on four areas in the Swedish history that I think deserves some special attention, these four areas have been: the Swedish slave trade on the island of Saint Barthelemy in the eighteenth century, Swedish eugenics and oppression of the Sami people, forced sterilization services during the twentieth century and Sweden's aid and concessions to Nazi Germany during World War II. With these areas in focus I’ve studied three textbooks in the courses Geography A, Civics A and History A to se how they deal with prejudice and racism in the Swedish history.</p><p>The result I have come to is that none of the books addresses all four of the areas I’ve focused on. Even if the books are taken as a whole the image that they convey is not adequate. In the event that the four areas that I’ve focused on been mentioned the information have been scant and rarely, if ever, has Sweden been paired with phenomenons like racism, slavery, colonialism, eugenics, forced sterilization, etc. All these concepts (apart from racism) are treated in comparison to other countries and in some cases, even moral advice, or condemnations occurred in connection therewith. Racism as a phenomenon is not discussed in any of the books, creating a further gap in the history these books create. The consequence of this would be that the teaching teachers need to compensate for the shortcomings of these books to meet the guidelines and objectives governing documents set up. If such compensatory education does not take place there is a risk that the areas I have chosen to focus on will fall into oblivion and the lessons we can learn from history could be lost.</p>

The aim of this thesis is to analyze debates and discourses about the public library in Swedish media from the 1970s up to and including 2006. The empirical material is derived from TV, radio and the daily press and by using discourse theory and methodology a number of debates are problematized. The result of the analysis showed similarities but also differences between dominant discourses during different decades. One discourse, termed the book discourse, recurs during all the decades of the study. The book discourse is primarily associated with concepts such as printed books, good quality fiction and popular education. The 1970s is dominated by a discourse called the community centre discourse. It called for public libraries to become community centers for various kinds of cultural and political activities. The information mediation discourse appeared first in the 1980s and was present during the 1990s and the following decade. This discourse argues that public libraries should prioritize new technology and engage primarily in mediating information, irrespective of the format in which it is presented. The analysis as a whole also revealed that authors often had a prominent position in and exerted substantial influence over the content of the debates. Librarians, however, did not participate to any great extent in the debates. In the conclusion I argue that there are important aspects of the public library that does not appear in the material. The role of the library as a meeting place is one such absent theme. Another is the importance of the library to ensure integration. I argue that this invisibility is a result of the book discourse dominating the debate. If the public image of the library is defined from the viewpoint of the book discourse, the result can well be that the institution is equated with a specific media format - printed books. Because of significant changes in media consumption and the ongoing digitization of information, this focus could in the long run mean that the library risks loss of legitimacy. Describing the library as a cultural institution, as a community centre or as an information centre depends on different discourses that aim to further different wills and interests. By highlighting the political, professional and institutional interests articulated in dominant discourses on the public library in Swedish media during a period of almost 40 years, this study suggests that the media debates must be widened and opened up for more actors.

My goal with this thesis was to investigate how educational material in the subjects of history, geography and social studies relate to the fact that Sweden has a history marked by prejudice and racism.I have chosen to focus on four areas in the Swedish history that I think deserves some special attention, these four areas have been: the Swedish slave trade on the island of Saint Barthelemy in the eighteenth century, Swedish eugenics and oppression of the Sami people, forced sterilization services during the twentieth century and Sweden's aid and concessions to Nazi Germany during World War II. With these areas in focus I’ve studied three textbooks in the courses Geography A, Civics A and History A to se how they deal with prejudice and racism in the Swedish history. The result I have come to is that none of the books addresses all four of the areas I’ve focused on. Even if the books are taken as a whole the image that they convey is not adequate. In the event that the four areas that I’ve focused on been mentioned the information have been scant and rarely, if ever, has Sweden been paired with phenomenons like racism, slavery, colonialism, eugenics, forced sterilization, etc. All these concepts (apart from racism) are treated in comparison to other countries and in some cases, even moral advice, or condemnations occurred in connection therewith. Racism as a phenomenon is not discussed in any of the books, creating a further gap in the history these books create. The consequence of this would be that the teaching teachers need to compensate for the shortcomings of these books to meet the guidelines and objectives governing documents set up. If such compensatory education does not take place there is a risk that the areas I have chosen to focus on will fall into oblivion and the lessons we can learn from history could be lost.