This master’s thesis deals with the problems concerning the order process control in the company. The reader will find the most important theoretical definitions relating to the order process control. The analysis of the order process control in the company TOS KUŘIM – OS, a. s. is presented. The contribubution of this master´s thesisis the optimalization of actuall state proces of order in this organization.

Introduction Change is theorised as being inevitable and constant, yet it can be managed either proactively or reactively. It can occur incrementally as a process, or drastically and radically; this invariably affects the systems and sub-system. Most managers in the Public Service (PS), officials, consultants and practitioners conceptualise change management with minimal strategies of how to deal with it, especially when it occurs in an organisation. Change management needs key role players with respective roles to manage change within an organisation. Change management in this study is in the context of organisational strategic change, where human resource (HR) and line managers are regarded as key stakeholders in dealing with change, particularly strategic change, in the PS. Failed change efforts are due to inadequate change management competence, which ultimately demands effective change management solutions, tailor-made programmes and specific actions, including skills and roles that need to be applied. If change is not managed in an organisation, it creates resistance that is associated with negative emotions where individuals and collectives experience fear, anxiety, insecurity, loss of control, constant routines, traditions, lack of support, confidence and trust. At an organisational level it can result in inadequate performance due to unclear goals and affected employees not being involved in the planning of change, as well as poor management style and political dynamics within the organisation. The PS is in flux and is affected by the rapid pace of social, political and technological change. Change should be managed by HR and line managers in the PS. Research Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the different roles that HR and line managers play during various phases of strategic change in the context of the PS and to further explore if they actually fulfil those theoretically determined roles. Motivation for the Study The PS has undergone tremendous change, mainly to adapt its service delivery machinery to government’s broadened mandate to serve all of the people of South Africa. Therefore, the motivation of this study is based on the lack of success in the PS in delivering services as required. This necessitates change efforts to improve service delivery. The failure of change efforts due to insufficient change solutions by management in the PS creates a gap in knowledge about change management solutions in the PS. This knowledge gap exists as result of the fact that there has been no research that has explored, in any detail, specifically how HR and line managers go about managing change on a day-to-day basis. This indicates that there is a scarcity of prior empirical studies exploring how change should be managed in organisations, including the PS. Leaders and managers in the PS do not understand the complexities they are facing when dealing with change due to the lack of capacity in terms of roles in leading and managing the change process. Hence the motivation of the study seeks to determine change management solutions through key stakeholders, by exploring the roles of HR and line managers in managing and leading change in the Public Service. / Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Human Resource Management / MPhil / Unrestricted

In the sustainable tourist sector today, there is a wide margin of loss in small and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) because of a poor control in logistical expenses. In other words, acquired goods are note being sold, a scenario which is very common in tourism SMEs. These SMEs buy a number of travel packages to big companies and because of the lack of demand of said packages, they expire and they become an expense, not the investment it was meant to be. To solve this problem, we propose a Predictive model based on sentiment analysis of a social networks that will help the sales decision making. Once the data of the social network is analyzed, we also propose a prediction model of tourist destinations, using this information as data source it will be able to predict the tourist interest. In addition, a case study was applied to a real Peruvian tourist enterprise showing their data before and after using the proposed model in order to validate the feasibility of proposed model.

Title – Incorporating Sustainability in The Strategic Management Process of The Business: A Case Study on Martin & Servera Purpose – In sustainability literature why a business should integrate sustainability in the strategies and activities has been well established, but the question of how is not yet widely explored. The purpose of the study is to investigate empirically, how companies can integrate sustainability into their core of the business through the strategic management process with the help of a case study. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative research method has been used in this single case study using both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews with some of the key personnel of the case company. Findings – Empirical findings show that the company should follow a structured and systematic process to incorporate sustainability in the strategic management process of the company. This starts with defining the long-term sustainability goals which are shaped up by the corporate principles and internal and external factors. During the implementation of the strategies, strong polices and process helps companies to embed sustainability in the organizational culture and measuring sustainability performance against set KPIs guides company to evaluate its contribution towards sustainability. Research limitations/implications – Single case study and only qualitative data analysis are the major limitations of the study, furthermore, COVIC – 19  has severely impacted the planned data collection. Originality/value – This study presents a conceptual framework to incorporate sustainability in the strategies and activities through the strategic management process of the company and then tested that with empirical findings.

Congressional reporting requirements are an integral part of congressional oversight. These oversight-reporting activities are an important element of the concept of a legislative-centered public administration (Rosenbloom, 2000) "derived from the major discussions, decisions, and actions taken by Congress with regard to federal administration." This dissertation first describes the development of congressional reporting requirements by presenting selected agency cases. Based on these cases, common themes are identified that help in understanding the requirements and the problems associated with congressional reporting. The dissertation then makes specific recommendations for enhancing reporting requirement activities (e.g., tracking, monitoring and feedback) as part of the congressional oversight process. A proposed management approach to improve the congressional oversight process to build a legislative-centered public administration is presented at the conclusion of the dissertation. The dissertation process used a research approach that included selected cases, interviews with key individuals in the reporting process and analysis of data, including databases maintained by the Clerk of the House and Secretary of the Senate. The dissertation is composed of three parts with two chapters in each part. Part I covers background information about congressional reporting requirements, the objectives and approach used in writing the dissertation, and the key theoretical literature that underpins the discussion of congressional reporting requirements. Part II of the dissertation discusses management and growth of reporting requirements. Part III of the dissertation discusses ways to gain control of congressional reporting requirements and increase their usefulness. The dissertation concludes that there is little evidence to indicate that congressional reporting requirements are being systematically managed in a way that achieves the objective for which they are created. The most serious substantive shortcoming is the lack of an institutional process to support and encourage discussion between Congress and the agencies preparing reports to provide for feedback and to identify reporting requirements that are no longer necessary. A comprehensive and systematic management approach is needed and a proposed management approach is discussed. Comprehensive and systematic management will bring about greater collaboration between congressional committees and their agency partners in an enhanced legislative-centered public administration. / Ph. D.

Le management des risques de projet est une préoccupation croissante dans le domaine de la construction. Il ne se limite pas seulement à l’analyse des risques techniques, mais couvre aussi les risques financiers, économiques, organisationnels, réglementaire, contractuel, et d’autres types de risques cruciaux pour des projets de construction complexes et stratégiques. Le management des risques nécessite l’identification, l’analyse, le suivi des risques et des opportunités pendant tout le cycle de vie du projet. Le processus formalisé et systémique de management des risques pour des projets de construction complexes et stratégiques permet d’identifier et d’analyser les risques attachés d’une part à la décomposition chronologique du projet (phases, sous-phases, tâches), à la décomposition organisationnelle du projet (aux acteurs projet), aux ressources, aux contrats, aux facteurs externes et d’autre part aux relations entre ces éléments. Le processus formalisé et systémique s’adapte au caractère dynamique et évolutif du projet, au type de contrat et au type de projet, au niveau de détail souhaité et à la vision de l’acteur qui fait le management des risques. L’ensemble de la démarche est fortement nourri de l’expérience tirée de projets réels au sein de l’entreprise partenaire. Un outil de gestion des risques est mis en place pour mettre en pratique la démarche théorique et pour tester la méthodologie proposée sur plusieurs études de cas des projets Partenariat Public Privé (PPP) et Conception-Construction-Maintenance. / Project risk management is a growing concern in the field of construction. It is not limited to technical risks, but also covers financial risks, economic, organizational or contractual and any type of risks crucial for complex and strategic construction projects. Risk management process involves the identification, analysis, monitoring of risks and opportunities throughout the project life cycle. The formalized and systematic risk management process first identifies and analyzes the risks associated with the chronological decomposition of the project (phases, sub-phases, tasks), with the organizational structure of the project (project actors), with resources, contracts, external factors and material or immaterial flows between these elements. The formalized and systematic approach adapts to the dynamic and evolving nature of the project, to the type of contract and the type of project, to the level of detail and the vision of the stakeholder who manages risks. The whole process is highly fed by real projects study cases. A tool for risk management is developed to put into practice the theoretical approach and to test the process in the case studies of Public Private Partnership (PPP) and Design-Build-Maintenance projects.

[pt] A prática de esportes tem sido referendada como uma grande solução para problemas sociais diversos. Dentre todos os esportes, é inegável a influência que o futebol exerce no contexto brasileiro. Entretanto, sua importância como atividade econômica e o conseqüente fomento social para a população ainda não é reconhecida. O futebol promoveu mais transformações, ao longo dos últimos cem anos, do que sofreu dentro das quatro linhas. Foi utilizado como entretenimento pelo povo, como mecanismo de manobra pelos governos e como ferramenta de poder pelos seus diretores, até esbarrar nas pressões de profissionalização de sua gestão, tradicionalmente amadora. Fundamentando-se na Teoria Institucional e, mais especificamente, na corrente do neo-institucionalismo (DIMAGGIO e POWELL, 1991), este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os aspectos relativos ao campo organizacional do futebol que constituem obstáculos ou elementos facilitadores do processo de profissionalização da gestão do futebol nos clubes. A Teoria Institucional ajuda a entender as pressões que afetam a profissionalização da gestão, na medida em que permite melhor compreensão das relações entre os diferentes atores do denominado campo organizacional do futebol. A metodologia do estudo constituiu-se de pesquisa documental e entrevista com representantes das principais entidades que compõem o campo organizacional analisado. Os principais resultados apontam que a percepção da necessidade de profissionalização da gestão do futebol dos clubes já está institucionalizada entre os atores, e sua implementação pode apresentar impactos sociais, econômicos e financeiros bastante positivos para a sociedade. Entretanto, este objetivo ainda enfrenta entraves práticos, arraigados nos mais de cem anos de amadorismo, conservadorismo e oligarquia que têm dominado a gestão do futebol brasileiro. / [en] The practice of sports has proven to be a great solution to several social problems. It is undeniable, among all sports, the strength of football s influence in Brazilian life-context. However, its importance as an economical activity e and its capability to social improvements has not yet been recognized. Football has promoted more changes in society in the past century than it has suffered on the pitch itself. It has been used as entertainment by the people, as a manipulation mechanism by the government, as a power tool by its directors. It has, finally, stumbled into the pressures of professionalizing its traditionally amateur management practices. Based on the Institutional Theory and, more specifically, on the neo-institutionalism line of study (DIMAGGIO e POWEL, 1991), this research seeks to identify the aspects related to the organizational facet of football, which create obstacles or facilitating elements of the professionalization process of this sport s category within the clubs. The Institutional Theory helps to understand the relationships amongst the various actors within the organizational field of football. Study methodology was based upon secondary research and indepth interviews with key representatives of the analyzed organizational field main entities. The main conclusions suggest that the perception of a need for football management professionalization in Brazilian clubs is already recognized by the different actors and its implementation could result in positive social, economic and financial impacts on society. However, the means to reach this objective still face several obstacles, all of which are rooted on the amateurism, conservationism and oligarchism that have been dominating the football management field.

A project can be defined as a temporary work that is within the scope of time and budget in terms of achieving a project goal. Due to the fact that construction projects are unique and usually very complex, project management therefore requires a working method that is adapted to the prerequisites of the project. The project manager's responsibility to follow up on the budget and ensure that resources such as working hours and consulting services are distributed correctly, is becoming increasingly challenging as the change paradox shows that flexibility decreases and costs for changes increase as the project progresses. Exceeding the project budget in construction projects has today become a global phenomenon and involves several negative social effects. Scientific studies show that the increased costs can be derived from deviations such as additions and changes during the construction project. On the other hand, there are perceived gaps in the literature for which factors affect the extent of these and thus became the study's area of ​​investigation. Based on the scientific gap, the study aims to analyze the startup process in smaller construction projects with regard to identifying the factors that have an impact on additions, but also to review how project managers can proactively manage these factors in order to reduce the risk of increased deviations. To answer the research questions and purpose, a qualitative case study has been applied to a global consulting company in the construction industry, where semi-structured interviews were conducted with five project managers at the company.   The result of the study shows that project managers do not take preventive measures or work to prevent deviations in the startup process. Based on a thematic analysis of the results, factors with an impact on deviations have been identified in three areas; systematics, communication and experience and competence. The study has shown that increased costs for additions and changes can be deduced from different approaches to project management and misleading information, inadequate requirement specification that leaves room for own interpretation, unspecified communication channels, conflicts, lack of competence and abrupt completions of the project. In order to achieve a more proactive startup process in order to prevent increased costs for additions and changes, project managers should ensure a clear requirement specification by discussing important issues and decisions, requirements and expectations with support from templates and checklists. To avoid misunderstandings and conflicts, a communication plan can be established. Finally, the choice of project model should be established and routines for final reporting should be introduced to create a learning organisation that increases the project managers' self-insight and competence regarding increased costs for additions and project changes. The theoretical contribution of the study is the identified factors within three areas as well as suggestions for how project managers can facilitate the management of additions in the startup process of construction projects. / Ett projekt kan definieras som ett tillfälligt arbete som förhåller sig inom ramarna för tid, budget och omfattning i avseende att uppnå ett projektmål. Med anledning av att byggprojekt är unika och vanligen mycket komplexa, är projektledare i behov av verktyg och arbetsmetoder som anpassas utifrån projektets förutsättningar. Projektledarens ansvar att följa upp budget och se till att resurser såsom arbetstid och konsulttjänster fördelas rätt, blir allt mer utmanande under projektets gång då ändringsparadoxen påvisar att flexibiliteten minskar och kostnader för ändringar ökar i takt med projektets fortgång. Överskridande av projektbudget inom byggprojekt har idag kommit att bli ett globalt fenomen och innebär flera negativa samhällseffekter. Vetenskapliga studier visar att de ökade kostnaderna kan härledas till tillägg och ändringar under byggprojektet. Däremot upplevs det finnas luckor i litteraturen för vilka faktorer som inverkar på omfattningen för dessa och detta blev således studiens undersökningsområde. Utifrån det vetenskapliga gapet syftar studien till att analysera uppstartsprocessen i mindre byggprojekt i avseende att identifiera de faktorer som har en inverkan på tillägg, men även till att se över hur projektledare kan hantera dessa faktorer för att minska risken för ökade kostnader vid tillägg. För att besvara rapportens frågeställningar och syfte har en kvalitativ fallstudie tillämpats hos ett globalt konsultbolag inom byggbranschen, där semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med fem projektledare på företaget. Resultatet av studien visar att projektledare inte vidtar förebyggande åtgärder eller arbetar för att förhindra tillägg i uppstartsprocessen. Utifrån en tematisk analys av resultatet har faktorer med en påverkan på tillägg kunnat identifieras inom tre områden; systematik, kommunikation samt erfarenhet och kompetens. Studien har visat att ökade kostnader vid tillägg och ändringar går att härleda till olika tillvägagångssätt vid projektledning och vilseledande information, bristfällig kravspecifikation som lämnar utrymme för egen tolkning, ospecificerade kommunikationsvägar, konflikter, bristande kompetens hos projektledaren samt abrupta projektavslut. För att uppnå en mer proaktiv uppstartsprocess i syfte att förhindra ökade kostnader vid tillägg och ändringar bör projektledare säkerställa en tydlig kravspecifikation genom att diskutera viktiga frågor och beslut, krav och förväntningar med stöd från mallar och checklistor. För att undvika missförstånd och konflikter kan en kommunikationsplan upprättas. Avslutningsvis bör val av projektmodell fastställas och rutiner för slutrapportering införas för att skapa en lärande organisation som ökar projektledarnas självinsikt och kompetens vad gäller ökade kostnader för tillägg och ändringar. Studiens teoretiska bidrag är bidragsfaktorer som identifierats inom tre områden samt förslag till hur projektledare kan underlätta hantering av tillägg i uppstartsprocessen av byggprojekt.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T19:11:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 16 / Nenhuma / O presente estudo buscou identificar, a partir da realização de uma pesquisa de campo, as características mais presentes no modelo de gestão e no processo sucessório das empresas familiares da amostra, para inferir, a partir das observações realizadas, aquelas que possam explicar a longevidade e/ou brevidade destas empresas. Para alcançar tal objetivo, optou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa baseada unicamente em entrevistas e na inferência do pesquisador, tendo sido entrevistados executivos da mais alta gestão de setenta e uma empresas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, nas regiões da Grande Porto Alegre, do Vale do Rio dos Sinos e do Vale do Taquari. A partir dos dados coletados, orientados por um roteiro de entrevistas, foram analisados e comparados entre si os modelos de gestão das empresas objeto da pesquisa, sempre comparando-os com o que versa a literatura sobre o tema, buscando correlacioná-los e encontrar similaridades. Com os resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir que as empresas de maior porte, com parti / This study aims at identifying the characteristics present in the management model and successional process of the family business of the sample. A field research was carried out to collect information, which then generated observations and subsequently led to inferences on how the above mentioned characteristics may have influenced the enterprises’ long or brief life. To accomplish this purpose it was chosen a qualitative approach based both on interviews and the researcher’s inferences. High management businessmen of seventy-one companies were interviewed in Rio Grande do Sul State (southern Brazil) in the following geographical regions: Metropolitan Porto Alegre, Rio dos Sinos and Taquari Valleys. From the data collected, it was analysed and compared the management models of these enterprises; furthermore, they were also compared with the current literature on this theme, in an attempt to relate them and find similarities. From the results it was possible to conclude that large-sized companies, with signif

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T19:13:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 29 / Nenhuma / Esta pesquisa objetiva investigar a utilização de práticas de controladoria pelas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) estabelecidas no estado de Santa Catarina, como suporte ao processo de gestão. A pesquisa foi conduzida por meio de levantamento (survey) e caracteriza-se como descritiva quanto aos objetivos e predominantemente quantitativa quanto à abordagem do problema. A população do estudo, após alguns ajustes realizados, consistiu de 67 IES. Um questionário eletrônico foi elaborado para elas, sendo disponibilizado pela internet. A amostra é composta pelas IES que responderam ao questionário eletrônico. Dos 67 questionários enviados, 36 retornaram respondidos, representando um percentual de 53,7%. Para análise dos dados, foram usadas, principalmente, a estatística descritiva, tabulação cruzada e o coeficiente de correlação. As práticas pesquisadas foram: planejamento estratégico, orçamento operacional, cobrança quanto ao atingimento das metas previstas no orçamento operacional, ponto de equilíbrio (Brea / This research aims to investigate the use of practices for controlling the Higher Education Institutions (IES) established in the state of Santa Catarina, to support the management process. The search was carried out through survey and is characterized as descriptive as to the objectives and predominantly quantitative regarding the problem approach. The study population, after some adjustments, consisted of 67 IES. An electronic questionnaire was prepared for them and made available on Internet. The sample is composed by IES that answered the questionnaire electronically. From the 67 questionnaires, 36 were sent back answered, representing a percentage of 53.7%. For analysis of the data were used, mainly, the descriptive statistics, cross tabulation and correlation coefficient. The practices investigated were: strategic planning, operational budget, charging on the achievement of the goals envisaged in the operational budget, Break-Even Point, cash flow, tax planning, Balanced Scorecard (BSC), non-financial i