Varicose veins is a condition, which affects numerous people. The condition is mostly not harmful but aesthetically unappreciated. Therefore many people choose to have them surgically removed. After the surgery is completed, the leg is bandaged, this for creating an ideal healing environment, without any complications occurring. It is important that a uniform pressure is distributed evenly along the bandaged leg, because high or low pressure can cause complications which prolongs healing. During the bandaging it is difficult to achieve an even pressure since the pressure varies due to the shape of the leg and who is bandaging the leg. PressCise has developed a compression bandage with a guide along the bandage, so that each bandaging will give the same pressure upon the leg. The bandage is designed after a specific mathematical formula that is derived from the law of Laplace. This means that no matter how thick or thin the leg is at different points, the pressure will distribute itself evenly over the entire bandaged leg. PressCise aims to obtain a CE-mark for the product before a launch. An analysis of demands and a wide test study therefor needs to be carried out. Demands and requirements for the product from different laws and regulations have been observed in order to determine which tests are necessary to execute. At this stage PressCise also needs to evaluate different parameters. To begin with, they need to see how the bandage behaves in different types of treatments, and secondly they need to evaluate the properties in order to give the correct information concerning usage and durability advices. In this report, a survey of the competitors was conducted in order to estimate which standards and tests the competitors are marketing their products with. An examination of the requirements of the product from the PressCise, CE marking and laws will be study, to see which demands and regulations lies upon the bandage. In this report a minor test study will be executed, where the product will go through a washing test, an abrasion test and a hysteresis test. The report will conclude with a requirement specification for the current product and its launching. / Program: Textilingenjörsutbildningen

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:19:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Clayton do Espirito Santo.pdf: 584120 bytes, checksum: 561e1209173d3bb2ed8d913921d12c58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-29 / The general objective in this dissertation consists of analyzing the Foreign Direct Investment in the hypermarket chain in Brazil, emphasizing the products of proper mark as differentiation strategy front to the competition. Recently the retail sector comes growing of accented form, stimulated mainly for the strategies of growth adopted by the great hypermarket chain. Beyond investing in technology, expansion of store and internal growth, the great nets follow investing of significant form in the products of Proper Mark (MP). In this segment of products the leader of market CBD/P?o de A??car follows launching new itens of launched currently commercialization and already it possesses more than 14 thousand itens. To verify which the perception of the consumers in relation to the products of MP and which the determinative factors in the choice of the purchase place, a research was accomplished in Volta Redonda city with 187 customers of the Sendas, supermarket that belongs the CBD/P?o de A??car since 2003. It could be concluded there are two distinct strategies in the positioning of the MP products, it can be offered the product as strategy of customer loyalty, in view of that the main consumers of these products are pertaining people to the social class A and B, or can be grow up popularization strategies to increase the willing number of consumers to acquire these products, because the lowest social class still see them with distrust. / O objetivo geral nesta disserta??o consiste em analisar o Investimento Direto Estrangeiro nas redes supermercadistas no Brasil, enfatizando os produtos de marca pr?pria como estrat?gia de diferencia??o frente ? concorr?ncia. Nos ?ltimos anos o setor varejista vem crescendo de forma acentuada, impulsionado principalmente pelas estrat?gias de crescimento adotadas pelas grandes redes supermercadistas. Al?m de investir em tecnologia, expans?o de lojas e crescimento interno, as grandes redes seguem investindo de forma significativa nos produtos de Marca Pr?pria (MP). Neste segmento de produtos a l?der de mercado Companhia Brasileira de Distribui??o/ P?o de A??car segue lan?ando novos itens de comercializa??o e j? possui atualmente mais de 14 mil itens lan?ados. Para verificar qual a percep??o dos consumidores em rela??o aos produtos de MP e quais os fatores determinantes na escolha do local de compra, foi realizada uma pesquisa na cidade de Volta Redonda com 187 clientes do Sendas, supermercado que pertence a CBD/P?o de A??car desde 2003. Conclui-se que existem duas estrat?gias distintas no posicionamento dos produtos de MP, os supermercados podem oferecer o produto como estrat?gia de fideliza??o de clientes, tendo em vista que os principais consumidores destes produtos s?o pessoas pertencentes ?s classes A e B, ou podem criar estrat?gias de divulga??o para aumentar o n?mero de consumidores dispostos a adquirir estes produtos, pois as classes mais baixas ainda os v?em com desconfian?a.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:43:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra Penkal.pdf: 2244632 bytes, checksum: ca8104bd03c6defa736ea56e99ecd598 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-03 / The aim of this work is to study and make a reflection about the interrelation among the art, the design of products and the commercial marks of the current Cultural Industry. As a research object, the signic dimension of the Manacá/1927 image of the painter Tarsila do Amaral is considered, applied to the product marks of a company of cosmetics and perfumery section of the Brazilian market ( O Boticário ). It can be understood that in all of the times, human groups always used expression behaviors, sense manifestation and social communication, and other language ways. Therefore, the structure of this dissertation is based on a semiotic vision and of the construction of a commercial mark, through the use of artistic sources as symbolic elements that join and enlarge its value. Strong symbols confer a larger link and structure to a mark identity, giving it an easier and fast of being recognized and reminded. Great part of the Brazilian industries, in the most different sections, still doesn t possess a tradition in the use of a design based in elements typically national, resulting, this way, in the reproduction of concepts developed by other countries. Recently, however, some segments already use resources and national data in the conception, creation and development of consumption products. This way, starting from the interchange among art X design to the design X art, including the process of decoding of the work, the public can be moved toward the artistic culture and the national design can be solidified with investments to create and produce products, as demonstrated in this work. / A dissertação propõe um estudo e uma reflexão sobre a inter-relação entre a arte, o design de produtos e as marcas comerciais da atual Indústria Cultural. Como objeto de pesquisa, é considerada a dimensão sígnica da obra Manacá/1927, da pintora Tarsila do Amaral, aplicada a marcas de produtos de uma empresa no setor de cosméticos e perfumaria do mercado brasileiro ( O Boticário ). Entende-se que em todos os tempos, grupos humanos sempre usaram modos de expressão, de manifestação de sentido e de comunicação social e outras formas de linguagem. Destarte, a estrutura desta dissertação está baseada numa visão semiótica e da construção de uma marca comercial, através da utilização de fontes artísticas como elementos simbólicos que agregam e ampliam o seu valor. Pois, fortes símbolos conferem maior unidade e estrutura a uma identidade de marca, tornando-a mais fácil e rápida de ser reconhecida e lembrada. Grande parte das indústrias brasileiras, nos mais distintos setores, ainda não possui uma tradição na utilização de um design fundamentado em elementos tipicamente nacionais, resultando, assim, na reprodução de conceitos desenvolvidos por outros países. Contudo, recentemente alguns segmentos já vêem utilizando recursos e dados nacionais na conceituação, criação e desenvolvimento de produtos de consumo. Deste modo, a partir do trânsito entre arte X design para o design X arte, abrangendo o processo de decodificação da obra, pode-se aproximar um pouco mais o público da cultura artística e solidificar o design nacional com investimentos na criação e produção de produtos, conforme demonstrado neste trabalho.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-09-25T12:19:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CAROLINA BEZERRA DE SOUZA.pdf: 3025878 bytes, checksum: 508e556af3a93f7960b20d97d492e4bc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-25T12:19:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CAROLINA BEZERRA DE SOUZA.pdf: 3025878 bytes, checksum: 508e556af3a93f7960b20d97d492e4bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-16 / This thesis aims to demonstrate that the Gospel of Mark is a political-theological piece, which, among its messages, discloses an ideological message of antipatriarchal component, as a form of community orientation that intends to generate new gender identities in its community. This message is inscribed in the discourses, actions and interactions of Jesus with the disciples and the women in the narrative and is shown in the increasing evolution of the relations and possibilities of performance of the female characters that culminate with leadership roles in the final scenes The methodology consists in the use of feminist theoretical frameworks, the gender category associated with literary tooling, the narratological analysis and the discourse analysis. The objects of analysis are the scenes in which women appear. It starts with an understanding of the historical context of the emergence of the Gospel of Mark and a literary approach to complete narrative, and then become the gender, narratological and speech analysis the following pericopaes: Mark 1,29-31; 3,31-35; 5,1-43; 7,24-30; 12,41-44; 14,3-9 and 15.40-16.8. In most of these passages, women appear as historical narrative subject. These scenes mark important turning points of the narrative. In them, we perceive the criticism of the patriarchal ethos and a positive and liberating construction of the role of women in the Jesus movement and, because of this intentional rescue of Jesus´s practices and relationships, it extends also to the Christian movement of the Markan community. In Mark's story, the women who have contact with Jesus are representative of the kingdom values and have diakonia attitudes and bold, courageous attitudes of great faith and delivery of life. Finally, women are recognized as disciples as they followed and served Jesus from Galilee. Thus, the work aims, through a reinterpretation of biblical texts, provide material that can help to reconstruct respectful and fair gender relations and to prevent of discrimination and violence practices. / Esta tese pretende demonstrar que o Evangelho de Marcos é uma peça políticoteológica que, entre suas mensagens, divulga uma mensagem ideológica de componente antipatriarcal, como forma de orientação comunitária que pretende gerar novas identidades de gênero em sua comunidade. Essa mensagem está inscrita nos discursos, ações e interações de Jesus com os discípulos e as mulheres na narrativa e mostra-se na evolução crescente das relações e das possibilidades de atuação das personagens femininas que culminam com papéis de liderança nas cenas finais. A metodologia consiste no uso de referenciais teóricos feministas, a categoria de gênero, associados a ferramentais literários, a análise da narratológica e análise do discurso. Os objetos de análise são as cenas em que aparecem mulheres. Parte-se de uma compreensão do contexto histórico de surgimento do Evangelho de Marcos e de uma aproximação literária à narrativa completa, para fazer, então, a análise de gênero, narratológica e do discurso das seguintes perícopes: Mc 1,29-31; 3,31-35; 5,21-43; 7,24-30; 12,41-44; 14,3-9; 15,40-16,8. Nessas passagens, as mulheres aparecem como sujeito histórico-narrativo. Essas cenas marcam pontos de inflexão importantes da narrativa. Nelas, percebem-se críticas ao ethos patriarcal e uma construção positiva e libertadora do papel das mulheres no movimento de Jesus e, por causa desse resgate intencional da práxis e das relações de Jesus, também no movimento cristão da comunidade marcana. Na história de Marcos, as mulheres que têm contato com Jesus são representativas dos valores do Reino de Deus e têm atitudes de diaconia e posturas ousadas, corajosas, de muita fé e entrega de vida. Ao final, mulheres são reconhecidas como discípulas, pois seguiam e serviam a Jesus desde a Galileia. Assim, o trabalho pretende, por meio de uma reinterpretação dos textos bíblicos, fornecer material que possa ajudar a reconstruir relações de gênero respeitosas, justas e prevenir práticas de discriminação e violência.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-04-11T14:04:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HAMILTON CASTRO DA SILVA.pdf: 1323368 bytes, checksum: 488dbbec295ae1d1acec471993abe009 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-11T14:04:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HAMILTON CASTRO DA SILVA.pdf: 1323368 bytes, checksum: 488dbbec295ae1d1acec471993abe009 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-15 / This dissertation was carried out with the objective of presenting the sociohistorical environment of Palestine in the first century, in which Jesus of Nazareth lived, in order to perceive its impacts on the praxis of Jesus, specifically in relation to Roman taxation. We will observe the dominant elites, represented by the Roman Empire, by the family of Herod and by the high priests of the Temple in Jerusalem. These elites, through a system of patronage, exerted a strong economic domination by means of a high tax burden on the peasants. With this, they produced, within the peasantry environment, great indebtedness, loss of property and the destruction of the family. The research sought to demonstrate that historical Jesus is the result and a proposed solution to a situation of economic exploitation in rural villages and towns of Palestine in the first century. The dissertation seeks to present the reaction of Jesus of Nazareth to Roman taxes, analyzing the text of Mark 12: 13-17, specifically the saying of Jesus in v. 17, which states: "Return to Caesar the things of Caesar and to God the things of God." The research shows that this saying indicates that Jesus took a critical stance regarding the payment of taxes to the Romans in favor of the removal of the Roman Empire coins from the lands of Israel. The research shows that the attitude of the historical Jesus against Roman taxes is motivated by a nationalistic and scriptural zeal based on the biblical statement in Leviticus 25:23: "The land [Israel] is mine, says the Lord." In this way, Jesus of Nazareth, guided by this nationalistic zeal, presents an ethical proposal based on biblical and apocalyptic traditions, confronting the tyrannical control and abuse of power by the Roman Empire, that is: The ethics of presenting a praxis of option for the little ones, surpassing the regimes of oppression and tyranny. / Esta dissertação foi realizada com o objetivo de apresentar o ambiente sóciohistórico da Palestina no século I, no qual viveu Jesus de Nazaré, a fim de perceber seus impactos nas práxis de Jesus, especificamente em relação à tributação romana. Observaremos as elites dominantes, representadas pelo Império Romano, pela família de Herodes e pelos sumos sacerdotes do Templo em Jerusalém. Estas elites, mediante um sistema de patronagem, exerciam forte dominação econômica por meio de uma alta carga tributária sobre os camponeses. Com isto, produziam, dentro do ambiente do campesinato, grande endividamento, perda das propriedades e desestruturação da família. A pesquisa procurou demonstrar que Jesus histórico é o resultado e uma proposta de solução para uma situação de exploração econômica nas aldeias rurais e vilas da Palestina no século I. A dissertação procura apresentar a reação de Jesus de Nazaré aos impostos romanos, analisando a perícope de Marcos 12,13-17, especificamente o dito de Jesus no v.17, que afirma: “Devolvei a César o que é de César e a Deus o que é de Deus”. A pesquisa mostra que este dito indica que Jesus assumiu uma postura crítica em relação ao pagamento de impostos aos romanos, em favor da remoção das moedas do Império Romano das terras de Israel. A pesquisa apresenta que a atitude do Jesus histórico contra os impostos romanos é motivada por um zelo nacionalista e escriturístico, fundamentado na afirmação bíblica em Levítico 25,23: “ A terra [Israel] é minha: diz o Senhor”. Dessa maneira, Jesus de Nazaré, orientado por este zelo nacionalista, apresenta uma proposta ética pautada nas tradições bíblicas e na apocalíptica, confrontando o controle tirano e o abuso de poder por parte do Império Romano, ou seja: A ética de apresentar uma práxis de opção pelos pequenos, ultrapassando os regimes de opressão e tirania.

Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2016-06-10T14:27:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Valberto Alves de Azevedo Filho.pdf: 400610 bytes, checksum: a29a0aa077dd8b49492d3ccf04175141 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-10T14:27:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valberto Alves de Azevedo Filho.pdf: 400610 bytes, checksum: a29a0aa077dd8b49492d3ccf04175141 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-17 / The present paper intends to inquire the national policy behind trademarks on the ground of nonconventional symbols, from trademark history to a comparative analysis between Brazil¿s law system and the United States of America¿s, along side the international treatises which Brazil is bound by, such as the Paris Convention and TRIPS. Throughout this comparison, the work will show how Brazilian law system disrespects its own Constitution, and goes the other way from the international regulation of trademarks when restricts its protections only to symbols that are visual perceived, letting behind other kinds of symbols which accomplish the same goals. As a result, the paper proposes changes in Brazilian law to protect these nonconventional symbols (as to say, nonvisual symbols) in order to reach an harmony with the international law, no matter how these symbols can be perceived. By protecting such nonconventional symbols, fair trade will be assured and more consumers will be included in the market, as they have the right to be informed about the different products and services offered to them. / O presente estudo busca inquirir a política nacional de proteção jurídica das marcas, tendo em perspectiva os sinais não convencionais, partindo de sua evolução histórica à análise comparativa de regulamentação jurídica com os Estados Unidos da América (EUA) e com importantes tratados internacionais do qual o Brasil é signatário, a exemplo da Convenção da União de Paris e o Acordo sobre aspectos dos direitos de propriedade intelectual relacionados ao comércio ¬¿ TRIPS. A partir desse cotejo, buscar-se-á destacar que a legislação brasileira, ao resumir o sinal protegido como marca apenas aos visualmente perceptíveis, olvida do tratamento constitucional e internacional dado a matéria, e com isso deixa órfão de proteção outros signos que possuem forma de apresentação distinta, mas não deixam de cumprir as funções axiais do instituto. Diante disso, mostrar-se-á a necessidade de reforma da legislação para, em harmonia com o direito constitucional e internacional, proteger outros sinais suficientemente distintivos, independente da sua forma de apresentação sensorial. Protegendo esses diferentes sinais, estar-se-á melhor tutelando a concorrência, promovendo maior inclusão e exaltando os direitos do consumidor, que, entre outras prerrogativas, possui o direito de ter acesso a informação suficiente e clara sobre os diferentes produtos e serviços colocados no mercado.

As empresas brasileiras fabricantes de produtos de madeira de maior valor agregado apresentam obstáculos que dificultam o seu desenvolvimento e aumento da competitividade. Um deles consiste na carência de estratégias e procedimentos relacionados à qualidade. Historicamente, os produtos de madeira fabricados no Brasil são diferentes, não apresentando padronização, e as iniciativas existentes relacionadas à melhoria da qualidade são poucas. No caso dos pisos de madeira, essa falta de padrões e iniciativas favorece a comercialização de produtos inadequados que provavelmente apresentarão problemas, desestimulando o uso e prejudicando comercialmente todo o setor. Nesse sentido, a Associação Nacional dos Produtores de Pisos de Madeira - ANPM desenvolveu um programa de certificação buscando a melhoria da qualidade dos produtos, entretanto, a efetividade desse programa é desconhecida. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar os efeitos da implantação de um programa de certificação na qualidade do produto piso de madeira. Para tanto, os procedimentos da pesquisa envolveram o levantamento de informações das auditorias contidas no banco de dados da ANPM, consultas a normas / especificações disponíveis, análises envolvendo a evolução de qualidade, realização de auditorias simuladas e comparações entre empresas certificadas e não certificadas. Itens geradores de não conformidades como umidade, dimensões e defeitos foram analisados utilizando estatística descritiva e ferramentas básicas diversas incluindo gráficos de distribuição, histogramas e desvios padrões. Os resultados mostraram que a implantação do programa de certificação impactou de forma positiva melhorando o padrão de qualidade dos pisos de madeira e que apenas as empresas certificadas conseguiram atender os requisitos exigidos pelas normas técnicas. Adicionalmente, as informações obtidas nas auditorias do programa permitiram identificar os problemas no processo produtivo, a necessidade de ações corretivas para a solução desses problemas e a maior dificuldade de controle para o item umidade. A conclusão geral é que o programa de certificação contribuiu para a melhoria da qualidade dos pisos de madeira. / Brazilian manufacturers of higher value-added wood products face obstacles that hinder their development and the increase in competitiveness. A major hindrance is the lack of strategies and procedures related to quality. Historically, wood products manufactured in Brazil are different, have no standardization and there are few existing initiatives regarding quality improvement. For wood flooring, the lack of standardization and initiatives favors the commercialization of unsuitable products that may present problems, discouraging their use and damaging commercially the whole sector. In this sense, the National Hardwood Flooring Association - ANPM developed a certification program seeking to improve product quality; however, the effectiveness of this program is unknown. This study aimed to analyze the effects of implementing a certification program to product quality for wood flooring. The research procedures involved the survey of information from the ANPM audit database, consultations the standards / specifications available, analysis of quality evolution aspects, simulated audits and comparisons between certified and non-certified companies. Items that generate nonconformities such as moisture, dimensions and defects using descriptive statistics and basic tools including various distribution graphs, histograms and standard deviations were analyzed. The results showed that the implementation of the certification program improved the standard for wood flooring quality and only certified companies were able to meet the requirements of the technical standards. Additionally, the information obtained from audits identified problems in the production process, the need for corrective actions to resolve these problems and major obstacle to control moisture. The general conclusion is that the certification program contributed to improving wood flooring quality.

Rapporten är en sammanställning av de vanligaste grundläggningsmetoderna samt pålning och hur de kan användas vid grundläggning på lera i Sverige. Examensarbetet är utfört som en del i ett forskningsprojekt . Handledare har varit Yvonne Andersson Sköld på SGI samt Kaj Granath på Tekniska Högskolan i Jönköping. Fallstudieområdet är i Lödöse som ligger i Lilla Edets kommun. Samhället har idag 1 300 invånare och är beläget 10 km söder om Lilla Edet samt 30 km norr om Göteborg, längs med Göta Älv. Vid den nya sträckningen av Norge- Vänerbanan samt utbyggnaden av E45 kommer det att bli en knutpunkt ca 1 km söder om Lödöse samhälle. Kommunen planerar att placera ca 500 nya bostäder mellan samhället och den nya pendeltågsstationen. Intervjuer har gjorts av tre tjänstemän på Lilla Edets kommuns avdelningar Samhällsplanering, Plan- och Bygg samt Miljö. En litteraturstudie är genomförd där tillgänglig forskning har studerats. Området ligger på lera och Banverket har i sina utredningar konstaterat att det även finns kvicklera på området. Kvicklera har konstaterats vid medparten av de undersökta skreden i Göta Älvdalen. Vid byggnation på lera krävs omfattande geotekniska undersökningar för att fastställa markens sammansättning. Framtidens klimatförändringar ställer ökade krav på nya byggnader. De byggs i dagens klimat men ska klara av morgondagens. Den forskning och de rapporter inom området, grundläggning på lera, som jag har tagit del av förordar platta på mark. De förordar även pålning vid högre och tyngre byggnader än ett enfamiljshus. Dock så krävs det mer forskning inom området då kopplingen mellan grundläggning och markförhållandena är otillräckligt undersökt. / This thesis is a summary of the most common footings and pole-work found in Sweden and how they apply in buildings on clay. The thesis is a part of a research project. Supervisors have been Yvonne Andersson Sköld at SGI and Kaj Granath at the School of Engineering, Jönköping University. Place of study is located at Lödöse in the municipality of Lilla Edet. Lödöse has 1 300 citizens and is placed 10 km south of Lilla Edet and 30 km north of Göteborg, along Göta Älv. The intersection of the new two-track railway from Göteborg to Trollhättan and the enhanced highway E 45 is 1 km south of Lödöse. The municipality is planning to build approximately 500 new buildings in the area next to the new station. I have interviewed three civil servants at the municipality of Lilla Edet for the Department of Urban Planning, Civil Planning and Building and the Department of Environment. I have also made a study of literature where I have read relevant research. The site of study has a ground consisting of clay. The National Rail Administration has through research at the area found that the ground also contains quick clay. The threat of landslides due to the quick clay is considerable. Quick clay has been found in the ground after examined landslides in the region of Göta Älv. In the process of building new houses an extended research of the ground is necessary to establish the components and the composition of the ground. Due to the climate changes of the future we need to change the way we build our houses so they manage to stay intact for more extreme weather.

The aim of this report was to investigate the potential effects of sulfide oxidation in sediments of an arctic lake, N Luossajärvi, induced by lowered water level. Lake water, potentially contaminated by metals, was pumped into a mine tailings impoundment. The water quality in the receiving water was evaluated to see if the drainage have had an effect on the water quality. Six sediment profiles were sampled. Each profile were divided into 5 cm sections and analyzed for major elements and trace metals. Water chemistry were analyzed at six sites. As, Ni and Cu had high concentrations within undrained sediments, where As levels were classified as highly contaminated (> 27 mg kg-1 dw). Trace metals had strong statistical correlation to each other indicating a common source. The PCA analyzes performed suggests that trace metals are controlled by a common factor and drained sediments showed two additional factors controlling the variance of metals. Water chemistry had overall good status, but As, Cd, Ni and Cu exceeded natural background values. Historical data on the other hand showed no statistical difference from measured values. No effects on water quality could therefore be seen after draining of the lake, proposing high precipitation of metals within the tailing or that metals is still prevailing in the drained sediments. Metal mobility were seen within the drained sediments, where only As and Cd were presumed connected to chemical weathering and where erosion and soil properties seems to be responsible for most metal mobility.

The purpose of this thsis is to develop a vision perception based Intelligent Vehicle Driving Assistant System ( IVDAS ), which utilizes CCD camera to capture the movement of vehicle and road image on DSP-Based . According to daytime and night time, we analyzed the full information in the image to acquire the important and proper characteristics about lane mark and vehicle. There are two sub-systems in our system , including Lane Mark Detection and Vehicle Detection. The main goal is to identify if there are existing vehicles in the front of or near our vehicle. This system can provide information for the Intelligent Vehicle to make decision to avoid accident happening and assisted driver in driving safely.