ObjeEste estudo teve como objetivo primário avaliar a estratégia de incluir o parceiro na assistência pré-natal no município de Franca-Brasil. Constituíram os objetivos secundários: 1) Detectar a prevalência de parceiros com dosagens alteradas de colesterol total, HDL-colesterol, LDL-colesterol e triglicérides; 2) Detectar a prevalência de parceiros com dosagens alteradas de glicemia de jejum; 3) Detectar a prevalência de parceiros com HAS; 4) Detectar a prevalência da sífilis, HIV, hepatites B e C entre gestantes; 5) Verificar a taxa de DMG e de DM entre as gestantes; 6) Detectar a prevalência da sífilis, HIV, hepatites B e C entre os parceiros das gestantes; 7) Avaliar a motivação da equipe de saúde em acolher a Estratégia Pré-natal do Parceiro; 8) Avaliar a aceitação materna e do parceiro sobre a estratégia de inclusão do parceiro na assistência PN. Estudo quantitativo, utilizado o teste \"t\" de Student para comparações das variáveis paramétricas e o teste Qui-quadrado para as variáveis não paramétricas, considerando significativo o valor de p< 0,05 em quaisquer dos testes. Os resultados identificaram quatro parceiros com hipertensão arterial (3,4%) e 51 (43,2%) com intolerância à glicose, verificando-se que em quatro casos, a glicemia possibilitou diagnosticar diabetes mellitus. Constatou-se que a prevalência de dislipidemias dos parceiros foi de 84,4%. No tocante às sorologias identificou-se um casal (1,5%) com sorologia discordante para sífilis (gestante com sífilis) e outro casal, no qual o parceiro foi diagnosticado como portador da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV), cujo diagnóstico só foi possível por sua participação no PNP. Foi possível identificar que 57 parceiros (48,3%) qualificaram as equipes de saúde com não motivadoras para a adoção da estratégia PNP. No entanto, 58 (49,1%) participaram por motivação própria. A percepção paterna sobre o PNP foi referida como positiva por 77,9% dos parceiros e 93 gestantes/mães (78,8%) consideraram importante e positiva a inclusão do parceiro no PN. Foi identificado que a inclusão do parceiro no PN foi importante no diagnóstico e tratamento precoces de doenças de transmissão vertical e crônicas e que é necessário incentivar a equipe de saúde a difundir os benefícios dessa participação no PN, contribuindo com a saúde da tríade mãe, filho e parceiro. / This study\'s primary objective was to analyze the strategy of including the male partner in prenatal care in the city of Franca, Brazil. The secondary objectives were: 1) To detect the prevalence of male partners with abnormal levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides; 2) To detect the prevalence of male partners with abnormal levels of fasting blood glucose; 3) To detect the prevalence of systemic hypertension among male partners; 4) To detect the prevalence of syphilis, HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C among pregnant women; 5) To find out the frequency of Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and of Diabetes mellitus (DM) among pregnant women; 6) To detect the prevalence of syphilis, HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C among the pregnant women\'s male partners; 7) To gauge the health team\'s motivation to implement the strategy of male involvement in prenatal care; 8) To assess maternal acceptance and male partner acceptance of the strategy of including the male partner in prenatal care. This was a quantitative study, which used the Student\'s t-test to compare parametric variables and the Chi-squared test for the nonparametric variables and which considered a p-value < 0.05 as significant in both tests. The results identified 4 male partners with hypertension (3.4%) and 51 male partners (43.2%) with glucose intolerance, of which four had a diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus as a result of the blood glucose test. We found that the Anexos 100 prevalence of dyslipidemia among the male partners was 84.4%. Regarding serology tests, we identified a couple (1.5%) with discordant syphilis serology (pregnant woman with syphilis) and another couple in which the male partner was diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection with such diagnosis only having been possible because of his participation in prenatal care. We could identify that 57 male partners (48.3%) classified the health teams as not encouraging of the male involvement in prenatal care. However, 58 male partners (49.1%) participated by selfmotivation. The fathers\' perception of their involvement in prenatal care was referred to as positive by 77.9% of the male partners and 93 pregnant women / mothers (78.8%) considered the inclusion of the male partner in prenatal care important and positive. We identified that the inclusion of the male partner in prenatal care was important in the early diagnosis and early treatment of vertical transmission diseases and chronic diseases as well as that it is crucial to encourage health teams to communicate the benefits of the inclusion of the male partner in prenatal care, thus contributing to the health of the father- mother-child triad.

Orientador: Maria da Graça Garcia Andrade / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T08:30:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Yoshida_ValeriaCristina_M.pdf: 726602 bytes, checksum: 96bec1399cb1b13afe83db77a006b459 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Uma grande conquista do movimento da Reforma Sanitária garantida pela Constituição de 1988 foi o direito à saúde, regido pelos princípios da universalidade do acesso, equidade e integralidade do cuidado. Em 2013 o SUS completou 25 anos e, embora tenha experimentado vários avanços, ainda enfrenta muitos desafios. Um deles refere-se ao acesso, particularmente dos homens em idade produtiva aos serviços da atenção básica. O reconhecimento de que os homens acessam o sistema de saúde pela atenção especializada levou o Ministério da Saúde a priorizar esta população, por meio da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem, em 2008. Seu objetivo principal é o fortalecimento e a qualificação da atenção básica para a promoção da saúde e a prevenção de agravos evitáveis na população masculina. O presente estudo, de caráter qualitativo, parte do pressuposto de que a atenção básica não tem se constituído em porta de entrada e de seguimento longitudinal para homens trabalhadores, tanto por dificuldades relacionadas à organização destes serviços, quanto por fatores socioculturais, sobretudo ligados às questões de gênero. Nesse contexto, o Ambulatório da CEASA-Campinas, um serviço do SUS localizado dentro de um local de trabalho, onde predominam homens, vem organizando seu processo de trabalho de forma a ofertar ações e serviços preconizados pelas Políticas Nacionais de Atenção Básica e de Saúde do Homem. Embora o Ambulatório não seja uma unidade básica de saúde, ele tem exercido esta função dentro da CEASA. Assim, pretendeu-se aprofundar a compreensão sobre o acesso e a integralidade do cuidado na atenção básica, a partir da análise de experiências de trabalhadores homens relacionadas à utilização de serviços de saúde. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 10 trabalhadores portadores de Hipertensão arterial e Diabetes mellitus acompanhados no Ambulatório, assim como com profissionais deste serviço. Para melhor contextualização, o perfil de 130 usuários hipertensos e diabéticos acompanhados no Ambulatório também foi objeto de análise, a partir de dados secundários. A análise do material empírico, constituído pelos relatos dos trabalhadores e dos profissionais de saúde, permitiu trabalhar centralmente duas categorias: atributos da masculinidade na sua relação com o cuidado à saúde e acesso dos homens aos serviços de saúde, com foco na atenção básica. Quanto aos atributos da masculinidade, os núcleos de sentido encontrados dizem respeito à importância do trabalho, à resistência pela procura de serviços de saúde e a alguns hábitos mais prevalentes nos homens, como o alcoolismo e o tabagismo. Com relação ao acesso aos serviços de saúde, particularmente os da atenção básica, foram expressivas as barreiras de acesso, o pouco acolhimento recebido, assim como a redução da UBS a local para aquisição de remédios. O acesso ao Ambulatório da CEASA, por sua vez, mostrou que, para além da facilidade geográfica, há um maior acolhimento com produção de vínculo com a equipe e possibilidade de um cuidado regular e integral. A análise trouxe reflexões que permitem afirmar que a forma como os serviços da atenção básica estão organizados não promove o acesso e a integralidade do cuidado a homens trabalhadores. Embora os atributos da masculinidade interfiram na busca e utilização de serviços de saúde, quando são ofertadas ações baseadas no acolhimento, vínculo e responsabilização, os homens se dispõem ao cuidado de sua saúde / Abstract: Health rights, established by the Constitution of 1988 was a great achievement from Health Reform and has as its principles the universal access, equity and comprehensive care. In 2013, SUS, the Brazilian Health System, completed 25 years and although it had experienced many advances, it still has many challenges. One of those concerns to access, particularly access for men workers in primary care. Then, the Ministry of Health established a policy to promote men's health, especially in primary care, in 2008. In this context, there is a public health service in a central supply of Campinas-SP (CEASA), whose majority of workers are men, that is organizing its work process to promote actions in accordance with national polices of primary care and men's health. This service had assumed the function of a primary care unit in CEASA, although it hadn't been originally one of its goals. This qualitative study assumes that the primary health care doesn't resemble the entrance door nor follow this kind of user in the health system, due to difficulties in services, and also to social factors, like gender. Then, this study aims to put under the spotlight the experiences of men workers in search of health services and their effective utilization, in such a way to put under assessment the access and the comprehensive care, specially in primary health care. Ten hypertensive and diabetic workers and professionals working at CEASA were interviewed. Researches into index of the 130 hypertensive and diabetic users were performed in order to know the customer's profile. Two categories were found from reports. One of them was masculinity with regard to health care. Another was men access to health services, specially in primary health care units. Three sides respecting the masculinity have been found: the work value, the resistance for searching health services and habits like alcoholism and smoking. Related to health services access, specially in primary care, there were: bounds to access, assistance without qualification, in the sense of being able to attract the needs of users, and reduction of the role of the primary care unit to a place for acquiring medications. The access of service in CEASA has shown that more than an easy access point (geographic), it is a kind of assistance that make bond and comprehensive care contributing for a major adherence on treatment. The analysis has shown that the manner such primary care services organize themselves don't promote the access and comprehensive care to men workers. Although the manhood interfere on health care, services that look for listen the needs of their users and that make bond promote more health among men / Mestrado / Política, Gestão e Planejamento / Mestra em Saúde Coletiva, Política e Gestão em Saúde

Submitted by Fabiana Gonçalves Pinto (benf@ndc.uff.br) on 2015-11-26T18:59:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Barilari.pdf: 1121945 bytes, checksum: 28048542a3a122ef7c29494a913a1c65 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-26T18:59:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Barilari.pdf: 1121945 bytes, checksum: 28048542a3a122ef7c29494a913a1c65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Universidade Federal Fluminense. Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a abordagem psicossocial do cuidado de enfermagem às pessoas que sofreram violência por arma de fogo atendida no setor de emergência. A violência nas grandes cidades é um fenômeno social que vem sendo discutida cada vez mais na área da saúde por trazer consequências graves à população. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa que utilizou como instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada aplicada a equipe de enfermagem da emergência do Hospital Federal de Bonsucesso (RJ). Através da Análise do discurso do sujeito coletivo emergiram três categorias temáticas: Os cuidados identificados no atendimento às vítimas de violência no setor de emergência; as representações da equipe de enfermagem sobre o atendimento as pessoas que sofreram violência por arma de fogo e a abordagem psicossocial de enfermagem às vítimas de violência. Os dados obtidos a abordagem psicossocial ainda é um desafio a ser superado pela equipe de enfermagem. Conclui-se que a abordagem psicossocial de enfermagem na emergência apresenta uma prática que aponta para o cuidado integralizado e holístico é essencial às pessoas que sofreram violência por arma de fogo. O olhar de enfermagem deve ser um cuidado mais integralizado, compreendendo este indivíduo na sociedade, na família, na sua relação com o mundo. Torna-se um desafio permanente, no campo da saúde pública, fortalecer e contextualizar as intervenções psicossociais nas grandes emergências / This study aims to examine the psychosocial approach of nursing care to people who have experienced violence by firearm seen at the emergency room. The violence in big cities is a social phenomenon that has been discussed increasingly in the health of the population have severe consequences. It is a qualitative descriptive study that used the instrument to collect data to semi-structured interviews applied to the nursing staff of the Federal Emergency Hospital Bonsucesso (RJ). Through analysis of the collective subject discourse emerged three themes: care identified in caring for victims of violence in the emergency room; representations of the nursing staff on the care people who have experienced violence by firearms; nursing and psychosocial approach to victims of violence victims of violence in the emergency room, quiet and responsive care; representations of the nursing staff on the care people who have experienced violence by firearms, and the psychosocial approach is still a challenge to be overcome by the nursing staff. We conclude that the psychosocial approach in emergency nursing practice that presents a points paid for the care and holistic is essential for people who have experienced violence by firearms. The look of nursing care should be paid more, including this individual in society, in the family, its relationship with the world. It is an ongoing challenge in the field of public health, strengthen and contextualize psychosocial interventions in major emergencies

Submitted by Fabiana Gonçalves Pinto (benf@ndc.uff.br) on 2016-10-11T17:26:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marja Ferreira Soares.pdf: 1790739 bytes, checksum: 6e74312d923b6b56d19c17e0e734582e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T17:26:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marja Ferreira Soares.pdf: 1790739 bytes, checksum: 6e74312d923b6b56d19c17e0e734582e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências do Cuidado em Saúde / A Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem (PNAISH) é um importante instrumento de orientação para os cuidados voltados à população masculina, uma vez que os agravos neste grupo vêm se constituindo como graves problemas de saúde pública no Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa do tipo etnográfica, cujo objetivo é conhecer a interface entre saúde do homem e o cuidado a este na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) com lócus no Programa de Controle do Tabagismo. Os participantes foram profissionais de saúde que desenvolvem intervenções no Grupo de Controle do Tabagismo das unidades de saúde do município de Niterói-RJ. Para a apreensão dos dados foi realizado um trabalho de campo com realização de observação não participante junto aos grupos de tabagismo e entrevista com 11 profissionais de saúde. Os dados passaram por análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin e foram construídas cinco categorias: O silêncio dos profissionais em relação a PNAISH; A Inespecificidade das práticas de cuidados ao homem; O profissional de saúde como mediador na construção do vínculo entre o Programa de Tabagismo, o homem e o cuidado; Perpetuação da cultura da higidez masculina e Para além das práticas instituídas nos serviços de saúde. Evidenciou-se fragilidade na implementação desta Política, desconhecimento da mesma por parte dos profissionais, deficiente acesso dos homens aos serviços de APS do município, evasão dos mesmos ao Programa de Tabagismo e, déficit de práticas inovadoras que possam incluir e vincular o homem aos serviços e ampliar a resolutividade e a integralidade da assistência à este grupo populacional. / The National Policy for Integral Attention to Men's Health (PNAISH) is an important guiding instrument for care aimed at male population, since the diseases in this group come as constituting serious public health problems in Brazil. This is a qualitative study of ethnographic type, whose goal is to know the interface between human health and the care of this in the Primary Health Care (PHC) with locus on Tobacco Control Program. Participants were health professionals who develop interventions in tobacco control group of health facilities in the city of Niterói, RJ. For the seizure of the data was carried out fieldwork with conducting non-participant observation with the smoking groups and interviews with 11 health professionals. The data passed through content analysis according to Bardin and five categories were built: the silence of professionals regarding the PNAISH; The specificity of care practices to man; The health professional as a mediator in the construction of the link between smoking program, the man and care; culture perpetuation of male and healthiness Apart from the practices instituted in the health services. fragility It is evident in the implementation of this policy, lack thereof on the part of professionals, poor access of men to PHC services in the municipality, avoidance thereof Tobacco Use Program and deficit innovative practices that can include and link the man to services and increase the resolution and comprehensive care to this population group.

Prostate cancer, the leading cause of cancer in men, has positive survival rates and constitutes a challenge to men with its side effects. Studies have addressed the bivaritate relationships between prostate cancer treatment side effects masculinity, partner relationship, and quality of life (QOL). However, few studies have highlighted the relationships among prostate cancer treatment side effects (i.e., sexual dysfunction, urinary incontinence), masculinity, and relationship with the partner together on QOL in men. Most studies were conducted with predominately Caucasian sample of men. Miami is a unique multiethnic setting that hosts Cuban, Columbian, Venezuelan, Haitian, other Latin American and Caribbean communities that were not represented in previous literature. The purpose of this study was to examine relative contributions of age, ethnicity, sexual dysfunction, urinary incontinence, masculinity, and perception of the relationship with the partner on the quality of life in men diagnosed with prostate cancer. Data were collected using self administered questionnaires measuring demographic variables, sexual and urinary functioning (UCLA PCI), masculinity (CMNI), partner relationship (DAS), and QOL (SF-36). A total of 117 partnered heterosexual men diagnosed with prostate cancer were recruited from four urology clinics in Miami, Florida. Men were 67.47 (SD = 8.42) years old and identified themselves to be of Hispanic origin (54.3 %, n = 63). Findings demonstrated that there was a significant moderate negative relationship between urinary and sexual functioning of men. There was a significant strong negative association between men’s perceived relationship with partner and masculinity. There was a weak negative relationship between the partner relationship and QOL. Hierarchal multiple regression showed that the partner relationship (β = -.25, t (91) = -2.28, p = .03) significantly contributed overall to QOL. These findings highlight the importance of the relationship satisfaction in the QOL of men with prostate cancer. Nursing interventions to enhance QOL for these men should consider strengthening the relationship and involving the female partner as an active participant.

Orientador: Ana Maria Canesqui / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T11:49:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Separavich_MarcoAntonioAlves_D.pdf: 1788537 bytes, checksum: d1966895682261ea6fb5d37aa815fa18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Este estudo analisou as experiências e representações de homens trabalhadores com o corpo, saúde, doença e cuidado, e os problemas principais de saúde por eles percebidos, quais sejam, a hipertensão arterial e as lombalgias crônicas. Analisou-se como explicam as suas causas; a forma como enfrentam e buscam a resolução ou mitigação desses problemas de saúde, as terapêuticas utilizadas, a interferência que elas acarretam em suas rotinas de vida e identidades. A revisão da literatura da Saúde Coletiva sobre a saúde do homem e masculinidades mostrou que as demandas masculinas na busca por tratamentos nos serviços públicos de saúde e a percepção de que são portadores de necessidades específicas de saúde são minoritárias. Constatou-se também que as abordagens socioantropológicas de como eles convivem e lidam com as enfermidades que os acometem também são raras. Justifica-se, portanto, o interesse e as razões que motivaram este trabalho. As demandas minoritárias masculinas aos serviços de saúde, concebidas a partir da masculinidade tradicional socialmente vigente, e os dados epidemiológicos das altas taxas de morbimortalidade masculina, embasaram a formulação da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem (PNAISH), cujos objetivos buscam promover a melhora da saúde da população masculina na faixa etária dos 20 aos 59, facilitando o seu acesso aos serviços de atendimento integral à saúde na atenção primária. Campinas abriga projeto piloto de tal política. Analisou-se o processo de implementação da PNAISH em um dos centros de saúde da cidade elegido como piloto, cujos serviços estruturam-se na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Entrevistou-se 9 profissionais que nele atuam, especificamente na saúde do adulto, considerando o conhecimento que têm de tal política, as atividades que realizam para o seu atendimento, e os obstáculos observados que dificultam a sua implementação. Para o estudo da experiência da enfermidade com a hipertensão e dores lombares crônicas, entrevistou-se 15 homens, com média etária 56 anos, residentes no bairro da unidade de saúde em questão e que utilizaram em algum momento o serviço público de saúde. As entrevistas de todos os entrevistados foram transcritas, lidas exaustivamente para identificar os temas recorrentes. Na análise, os temas classificados foram distribuídos em categorias gerais, como corpo masculino, cuidados, problemas de saúde, interpretando-os à luz das leituras socioantropológicas realizadas e sempre que possível, articulando a experiência e as representações da enfermidade, através dos relatos interpretados pelo pesquisador. Concluiu-se que as experiências da enfermidade são sempre peculiares e biográficas, no entanto, trazem consigo referências sociais e culturais mais amplas, devendo ser ambas consideradas, para não cobrir de opacidade, tanto as experiências quanto as representações, as pessoas que as vivem e os modos de interpretá-las e significá-las. O estudo da experiência da enfermidade pode, assim, contribuir para a reflexão sobre a inserção e visibilidade masculinas nos serviços públicos de saúde, ampliando o olhar dos agentes implementadores da política de saúde do homem sobre suas ações / Abstract: This study examined the experiences and representations of male workers about the body, health, illness and care, and major health problems perceived by them, namely, hypertension and chronic back pain. Analyzed as explain its causes; how face and seek the resolution or mitigation of these health problems, therapeutic use, they entail interference in their daily lives and identities. The literature of Public Health on the men¿s health and masculinities showed that male demands in the search for treatments in public health services and the perception that they are carriers of specific health needs are minority. It was found that sociological and anthropological approaches to how they live and deal with the illness that affect them are also rare. It is justifiable, therefore, the interest and the reasons that motivated this work. The male minority demands on health services, designed from traditional masculinity prevailing social and epidemiological data of high rates of male mortality, provide the basis for formulating of Brazilian Comprehensive Healthcare Policy for Men, whose objectives seek to promote improving the health of the male population aged 20 to 59, facilitating their access to comprehensive health care in primary care services. Campinas (Brazil) is a home pilot projects this policy. We analyzed the process of implementation of this policy in a health center city chosen as a pilot, whose services are structured in the Family Health Strategy. We interviewed 9 professionals working in it, specifically in adult health, considering their knowledge this policy,care activities they perform to meet the objectives this policy, and perceived obstacles that hinder their implementation. The study of illness experience with hypertension and chronic back pain were collected from 15 men, mean age 56 years, residents in the health unit concerned district and used at some point the public health service. The interviews all respondents were transcribed, read thoroughly to identify recurring themes. In the analysis, ranked themes were divided into broad categories such as male body, care, health problems, interpreting them in the light of the sociological and anthropological readings taken and where possible, combining the experience and representations of illness through reports interpreted by researcher. It was concluded that the illness experiences are always quirky and biographical, however, bring with broader social and cultural references, and should be considered, not to cover opacity, both experiences and representations, the people who live and ways to interpret and signify them. They may also widen the debate on inclusion and male visibility in public health services, expanding the eye of policy makers on their political actions directed to men¿s health / Doutorado / Ciências Sociais em Saúde / Doutor em Saude Coletiva

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), as it would later be known, began to appear in the United States in 1981. Medical professionals from around the country began to track a mysterious set of illnesses that were affecting previously healthy people, most of who were homosexual men. As the disease spread, it was clear that homosexual men were being most affected. There was no cure to this illness which was quickly killing those infected. In October 1981, the Indianapolis Bag Ladies, a group of gay men, began as a simple Halloween Bus Tour around the city. Coby Palmer, Gary Johnson, and Ed Walsh teamed up by renting three charter busses for their new “Bag Ladies Bus.” Their campy drag involved multiple costume changes that required them to tote bags around, thus earning their name. By 1982, the Bag Ladies knew they needed to do more than have a party. The second bus tour was all about collecting money and creating a “war chest” for the gay community of Indianapolis in case AIDS made its way to the city. In doing this, they became one of the first grassroots HIV/AIDS support groups in the United States. After over 38 years of continued efforts, the Indianapolis Bag Ladies have impacted the Indianapolis LGBTQ communities through a variety of programs that expanded beyond the original bus tour. This thesis explores and analyzes these efforts which include Nurse Safe Sexx, a safe sex campaign; the Damien Center, a HIV/AIDS health clinic; and the Buddy House and Buddy Support Program, two programs connecting people with AIDS to support programs. The final chapter of this thesis expands on the discussion through a public program hosted by the Indiana Historical Society and demonstrates how programs surrounding these topics can be successful for museums and participants.

I used multiple methods to study gender issues associated with health lectures that hospitals offer to the public. My purpose was not to evaluate the health-related content, but rather to study the gender messages that accompanied the health messages. One main reason hospitals offered lectures was to attract clients. While many lectures were offered to both sexes, women's lectures outnumbered men's lectures ten to one. One reason to target women was because hospitals offered more services to women than to men. Yet a main finding is that many women's offerings were not based solely on providing services to benefit women themselves, but also on assumptions about women's caregiving of others. Thus, while men were generally marketed to as men, women were often marketed to as mothers or other caregivers. Most speakers engaged in marginalization: while both men and women lecture attendees were treated in ways that denied their status as competent adults, women were also marginalized as women, that is, treated as "other" to a male norm. Additionally, some speakers presented a single interpretation of procedures or conditions as the only interpretation, despite the fact that other interpretations were equally plausible. Examples included offering positive interpretations of unpleasant screening procedures or treatments; attributing gender roles to biology; and attributing women's stress to personality traits. Medicalization and other forms of boundary blurring between health and other topics occurred more frequently for women than men. While some of this difference did not represent gender inequality, some did, such as gender differences in the emphasis placed on physical appearance. Similarly, while all exhibits showing men's nudity were medically instructive, that is, used to demonstrate anatomy or self-examination procedures, some women's nudity was not medically instructive, and thus unnecessary While some caregiving resources were offered to both sexes, many were offered only to women. Targeting caregiving resources to women went beyond merely reflecting the gendered division of caregiving; it also symbolically reproduced it. Further, when "women's" health resources were intended to benefit children and husbands, the boundary between self and others was blurred for women in a way that had no counterpart for men. / Sociology

Introduction : Cette étude visait à explorer les déterminants des choix alimentaires de jeunes hommes gais. L’objectif secondaire était d’explorer la perception des hommes gais à l’égard du comportement alimentaire des hommes hétérosexuels. Méthode : Une méthode qualitative s’appuyant sur la prise de photographies et d’entrevues individuelles semi-dirigées a été utilisée. Résultats : Onze hommes gais de 21 à 25 ans et habitant en appartement dans la région de Montréal ont participé à l’étude. L’apparence corporelle, la santé et la nutrition sont des facteurs très influents de leur comportement alimentaire. Les hommes de la cohorte soutiennent la perception que ces facteurs n’influencent pas aussi fortement le comportement alimentaire des hommes hétérosexuels. Ils sont de grands consommateurs de cuisine hors domicile. Plusieurs d’entre eux limitent leur consommation de viande, un aliment qu’ils considèrent masculin et fortement lié aux hommes hétérosexuels. Conclusion : Le comportement alimentaire des jeunes hommes de cette cohorte est influencé par plusieurs facteurs qui ne sont habituellement pas associés aux hommes, dont l’apparence corporelle, la santé et la nutrition. Ils sont au fait de cette dichotomie en se comparant à leurs proches hétérosexuels. Si les professionnels de la santé négligent ces facteurs, ils risquent de passer à côté de leviers d’intervention efficaces. / Introduction: This study aimed to explore the determinants of food choices amongst young gay men. The secondary objective was to explore gay men’s perception towards heterosexual men’s food choices. Method: A qualitative method based on picture taking and individual semi-structured interviews was used. Results: Eleven gay men from 21 to 25 years old and living in apartments in the Montreal area participated in the study. Physical appearance, health and nutrition are very influential factors of their eating behavior. Men in the cohort support the perception that these factors do not influence as strongly heterosexual men’s eating behavior. These men, in general, enjoy cooking, but do not all invest the same amount of time. They are big consumers of food outside home.. Many of them limit their consumption of meat, a food they consider masculine and strongly linked to heterosexual men. Conclusion: The eating behavior of the young men in this cohort is influenced by many factors that are not usually associated with men, like physical appearance, health and nutrition. They are aware of this dichotomy by comparing themselves with their heterosexual friends. If healthcare professionals neglect these factors, they may miss effective intervention points.

A vitamina D é uma molécula versátil que possui ação genômica e não genômica em múltiplas reações dos seus órgãos que possuem a expressão de seu receptor (VDR), inclusive do trato reprodutivo de ambos os sexos, além dos seus clássicos efeitos no metabolismo ósseo, e na homeostase do cálcio e fosfato. Novas evidências a partir de estudos experimentais e com humanos sugerem que a vitamina D está envolvida nas funções dos órgãos reprodutivos masculinos, influenciando na espermatogênese. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência dos níveis séricos de 25(OH)D com os parâmetros de qualidade seminal em homens normozoospérmicos e com alterações nos parâmetros seminais. Nesse estudo retrospectivo, dos 508 pacientes atendidos no período de 2009 até 2017 com todas as dosagens séricas e análise seminal, selecionamos os dados de 260 pacientes que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, de uma clínica médica de Andrologia da cidade de São Paulo. Eles foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo normozoospermicos (NZG; N=124) e Grupo com parâmetros Seminais Alterados (SAG; N=136). Foram considerados as dosagens séricas de 25(OH)D, e as variáveis de confusão ambientais, como uso de álcool, tabaco, sedentarismo, índice de massa corporal (IMC), e presença de varicocele. As analises seminais foram realizadas e classificadas de acordo com o manual da OMS 2010, e foram consideradas para o estudo os parâmetros de pH, volume, motilidade total e progressiva, morfologia por OMS e Kruger. Além disso, foram consideradas os exames de Cariótipo e Micro deleção no Cromossomo Y. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com o SPSS versão 19.0. Correlação de Spearman, Mann-Whitney e um modelo de regressão multivariada foram aplicadas. Significância considerada foi de P <= 0.05. A distribuição das médias dos níveis séricos de 25(OH)D foi significativamente menor nos pacientes do grupo com parâmetros seminais alterados (P =0.016), e foi encontrado uma correlação positiva entre os níveis séricos de 25(OH)D e todos os parâmetros de qualidade seminal analisados, excetos de pH e volume. Foi descrita correlação forte entre 25(OH)D e motilidade total (r=0,225; P =0,001). Os resultados obtidos nesse estudo mostram que os níveis séricos de 25(OH)D possuem uma correlação positiva com os parâmetros de motilidade, concentração e morfologia do espermatozoide, de forma independente. Esses achados indicam que a adequação dos níveis de vitamina D podem ser um importante coadjuvante no tratamento da infertilidade masculina / Vitamin D is a versatile signaling molecule, that targets also male reproductive organs, in addition to the classic effects on bone, calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Accumulating evidence from animal and human studies suggests that it is involved in reproduction functions in both genders. This study aimed to evaluate the vitamin D correlation with semen quality in male with seminal parameters alteration and normozoospermic diagnosis. We selected 260 men (aged 18 to 60 y.o.) from a private andrology reference medical clinic for this observatory study. They were divided in two groups: Normal seminal parameters (NZG N=124) and Abnormal seminal parameters (SAG N=136). 25(OH) vitamin D serum concentration were collected such as lifestyle data available. Semen was analyzed according to WHO 2010 guidelines, ph, volume, motility, concentration, morphology, strict criteria and sperm functional tests were performed (ROS, CK, beads). In addition, karyotype, frequency of varicocele, smoking, alcohol ingestion, and body composition were considered. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS program version 19.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney test and regression model were applied. Statistical significance was considered with P value < 0. 05. The 25(OH)D average distribution concentration were significant lower in Abnormal seminal parameters group (P =0.016), and all parameters had a positive correlation with 25(OH)D serum levels. The highest coefficient value was observed in the association of total motility with Vitamin D (P =0.001). Our results demonstrated that 25(OH)D levels has a positive influence on spermatogenesis and semen quality, suggesting that vitamin D replacement should highly be concerned on male fertility treatment