Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-03-02T11:04:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 anamariadegoisrodrigues.pdf: 1221416 bytes, checksum: b543a72fdc64a2d467378b1bbbcd7893 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-03-03T14:46:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 anamariadegoisrodrigues.pdf: 1221416 bytes, checksum: b543a72fdc64a2d467378b1bbbcd7893 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-03T14:46:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 anamariadegoisrodrigues.pdf: 1221416 bytes, checksum: b543a72fdc64a2d467378b1bbbcd7893 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-16 / A dissertação trata da avaliação da educação superior brasileira através do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (SINAES), no que diz respeito ao processo de avaliação dos estudantes da área de Pedagogia do Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (ENADE). O ENADE avalia diversas áreas do conhecimento e a Pedagogia é uma delas. A seleção pela área se preconiza pela sua relevância na formação dos egressos que atuam na educação básica e por ter sido a maior área de abrangência avaliada pelo Exame em 2008. A dissertação tem como foco a análise das respostas dadas ao questionário de percepção sobre a prova, respondidos pelos estudantes imediatamente após a realização do exame. A partir do estudo de caso do ENADE 2008 da área da Pedagogia, utilizando técnicas de pesquisa documental, através da análise do exame por meio dos microdados disponibilizados no portal do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais (INEP), verificou-se a percepção dos estudantes sobre a prova de Pedagogia e percebeu-se que o questionário é um instrumento capaz de trazer informações específicas sobre a visão do estudante sobre a prova nessa avaliação de larga escala. / The research deals with the evaluation of higher education through the National Assessment System of Higher Education (SINAES), with regard to the evaluation process of students in the Pedagogy field of Education National Examination of Student Performance (ENADE). The ENADE evaluates various areas of knowledge and pedagogy is one of them. The selection of the area is extolled for its role in our graduates who work in basic education and for being the largest catchment area assessed by examination in 2008. The research focuses on the analysis of the responses to the questionnaire on the perception test, answered by the students immediately after the exam. From the case study of the 2008 ENADE area of pedagogy, using techniques of documentary research, through analysis of examination through microdata available on the website of the National Institute of Studies and Research (INEP), there was the perception of students about the Pedagogy’s exam and realized that the questionnaire is a tool to bring specific information about the student's view of the evidence in this assessment scale.

Arbetet handlar om sökmotoroptimering med hjälp av microdata. Hamnar webbsidor som använder sig av det högre upp i det organiska sökresultatet? Eller kan det ge mindre önskvärda konsekvenser? Från början åtogs arbetet att skapa en sökmotoroptimerad sida åt företaget Hårmakarna i Motala och som en naturlig del i arbetet dök användandet av microdataupp. Det tycks vara allmänt vedertaget att tekniker som microdata är gynnsamma vid sökmotoroptimering och frågeställningen kring huruvida ett sådant användande kunde ge en bättre placering i det organiska sökresultatet eller ej tog form. Det var särskilt intressant eftersom det inte verkade finnas några studier som bekräftade frågeställningen. Arbetet blev därför sedan uteslutet inriktat på frågeställningen. Undersökningen genomfördes genom att två webbsidor publicerades. Förutom att den ena sidan innehöll microdata var webbsidorna identiska. Direkt efter publicering genomfördes frekventa undersökningar av Googles sökmotor tills webbsidorna indexerats. Efter det utfördes sökningar på utvalda sökord med målet att få en uppfattning om webbsidornas placering över tid. Resultatet blev oväntat då webbsidan utan microdata visade sig få en sämre placering. Antagligen berodde det på det som Google kallar ”duplicate content”. / This study is dealing with the subject of search engine optimization with the usage of microdata. Do websites that use it obtain a higher placement in the organic searchresult? Or can it bring less desirable consequences? From the beginning the work consisted of creating a search engine optimized website for the Motala-based company Hårmakarna and as a natural part in the work the topicof microdata surfaced. It seems like it is common knowledge that techniques like microdata are beneficial for search engine optimization and the question whether that kind of technique could wield a better placement in the organic searchresult or not took shape. It was particulary interesting since it did not seem to exist any studies that could confirm the question. The study was performed by publishing two websites. Except that one of the websites was using microdata the were identical. When the websites were published examinations of Google's searchengine were performed until both websites were indexed. After that searches were made with selected searchwords and the aim was to get a notion of the websites' placement over time. The result was unexpected as the website with no microdata got an inferior placement probably due to what Google calls ”duplicate content”.

Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) undergo fault and sensitivity analysis with scenario modelling to predict catastrophic events, specifically releases of Cesium 137 (Cs-137). The purpose of this thesis is to find which of 108 input-features from Modular Accident Analysis Program (MAAP)simulation code are important, when there is large release of Cs-137 emissions. The features are tested all together and in their groupings. To find important features, the Machine learning (ML) model Random Forest (RF) has a built-in attribute which identifies important features. The results of RF model classification are corroborated with Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and use k-folds cross validation to improve and validate the results, resulting in a near 90% accuracy for the three ML models. RF is successful at identifying important features related to Cs-137 emissions, by using the classification model to first identify top features, to further train the models at identifying important input-features. The discovered input-features are important both within their individual groups, but also when including all features simultaneously. The large number of features included did not disrupt RF much, but the skewed dataset with few classified extreme events caused the accuracy to be lower at near 90%.

Statistical data, such as in the form of microdata, is used by different organisations as a basis for creating knowledge to assist in their planning and decision-making activities. However, before microdata can be made available for analysis, it needs to be anonymised in order to protect the privacy of the individuals whose data is released. The protection of privacy requires us to hide or obscure the released data. On the other hand, making data useful for its users implies that we should provide data that is accurate, complete and precise. Ideally, we should maximise both the level of privacy and the level of information utility of a released microdata set. However, as we increase the level of privacy, the level of information utility decreases. Without guidelines to guide the selection of the optimum levels of privacy and information utility, it is difficult to determine the optimum balance between the two goals. The objective and constraints of this optimisation problem can be captured naturally with concepts from Economic Price Theory. In this thesis, we present an approach based on Economic Price Theory for guiding the process of microdata anonymisation such that optimum levels of privacy and information utility are achieved. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Computer Science / unrestricted

Maintenance of transport infrastructure assets is widely advocated as the key in minimizing current and future costs of the transportation network. While effective maintenance decisions are often a result of engineering skills and practical knowledge, efficient decisions must also account for the net result over an asset's life-cycle. One essential aspect in the long term perspective of transport infrastructure maintenance is to proactively estimate maintenance needs. In dealing with immediate maintenance actions, support tools that can prioritize potential maintenance candidates are important to obtain an efficient maintenance strategy. This dissertation consists of five individual research papers presenting a microdata analysis approach to transport infrastructure maintenance. Microdata analysis is a multidisciplinary field in which large quantities of data is collected, analyzed, and interpreted to improve decision-making. Increased access to transport infrastructure data enables a deeper understanding of causal effects and a possibility to make predictions of future outcomes. The microdata analysis approach covers the complete process from data collection to actual decisions and is therefore well suited for the task of improving efficiency in transport infrastructure maintenance. Statistical modeling was the selected analysis method in this dissertation and provided solutions to the different problems presented in each of the five papers. In Paper I, a time-to-event model was used to estimate remaining road pavement lifetimes in Sweden. In Paper II, an extension of the model in Paper I assessed the impact of latent variables on road lifetimes; displaying the sections in a road network that are weaker due to e.g. subsoil conditions or undetected heavy traffic. The study in Paper III incorporated a probabilistic parametric distribution as a representation of road lifetimes into an equation for the marginal cost of road wear. Differentiated road wear marginal costs for heavy and light vehicles are an important information basis for decisions regarding vehicle miles traveled (VMT) taxation policies. In Paper IV, a distribution based clustering method was used to distinguish between road segments that are deteriorating and road segments that have a stationary road condition. Within railway networks, temporary speed restrictions are often imposed because of maintenance and must be addressed in order to keep punctuality. The study in Paper V evaluated the empirical effect on running time of speed restrictions on a Norwegian railway line using a generalized linear mixed model.

No description available.

Submitted by André Mazini (andrecmazini@gmail.com) on 2012-04-11T14:47:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação FGV-EESP -André Mazini-.pdf: 775030 bytes, checksum: 1fb36bcd27c98537439e2bb8cfeb74cb (MD5) / Rejected by Gisele Isaura Hannickel (gisele.hannickel@fgv.br), reason: Prezado André, O título que consta na ata está diferente do trabalho postado e não consta nenhuma observação do seu orientador no verso da mesma. Título da Ata: "Um novo teste Empírico para modelos teóricos de precificação". Se houve alguma sugestão da banca para esta alteração, seu orientador deverá enviar um e-mail para a Secretaria, a príncipio, para que possamos aprovar o arquivo postado e deverá incluir esta informação e assinar no verso da ata. Caso isto ocorra você deverá efetuar uma nova postagem do arquivo. Att, Secretaria de Registro on 2012-04-11T15:04:05Z (GMT) / Submitted by André Mazini (andrecmazini@gmail.com) on 2012-04-11T17:38:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação FGV-EESP -André Mazini-.pdf: 775019 bytes, checksum: 5d3e0617b3f1cee5ce4ceeb549021f8b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gisele Isaura Hannickel (gisele.hannickel@fgv.br) on 2012-04-11T17:48:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação FGV-EESP -André Mazini-.pdf: 775019 bytes, checksum: 5d3e0617b3f1cee5ce4ceeb549021f8b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-04-11T17:50:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação FGV-EESP -André Mazini-.pdf: 775019 bytes, checksum: 5d3e0617b3f1cee5ce4ceeb549021f8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-07 / This paper proposes a new test to distinguish between macroeconomic price-setting models. We show that the usual conclusions of negative correlation between current inflation and duration of a price, an indication of state-dependency, do not survive the control for inflation expectations. When we do that, the negative correlation is between expected inflation and the duration of a price, indicating endogenous-time-dependency. We argue that the previous results were possibly suffering from omitted variable bias. / Este artigo propõe um novo teste para distinção entre modelos macroeconômicos de precificação. Onde testes antigos concluíram haver uma relação negativa entre inflação corrente e duração de um preço, indicando estado-dependência, nosso teste indica que a relação verdadeira é entre inflação esperada e duração do preço, indicando tempo-dependência-endógena. Argumentamos que os resultados previamente encontrados possivelmente sofreram de viés de variável omitida.

Submitted by VERA REGINA RAMOS PINTO (verreg28@gmail.com) on 2016-12-07T18:51:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de doutorado - Vera Regina Ramos Pinto.pdf: 2918096 bytes, checksum: 9811ad9777b6493a594881c8003222ed (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2016-12-07T19:32:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de doutorado - Vera Regina Ramos Pinto.pdf: 2918096 bytes, checksum: 9811ad9777b6493a594881c8003222ed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-22T17:33:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de doutorado - Vera Regina Ramos Pinto.pdf: 2918096 bytes, checksum: 9811ad9777b6493a594881c8003222ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / Principals have been increasingly blamed and charged for the proper functioning of their school, the way teachers teach and how much students learn. In addition, the majority of school principals have graduation in pedagogy, but their assignments encompass more knowledge than that, requiring them several activities in management, being demanded to have leadership qualifications. Leadership is now seen as a guarantee of quality and educational reforms; it is a fundamental component for the training of school staff and also considered one of the main influences in transforming educational practices. Successful leadership plays an important role in student learning, being the second factor, among all school-related, that most contributes to students learning, losing only to the classes themselves. This thesis aimed to verify the extent to which the leadership of Brazilian principals has contributed to the improvement of students performance, reflected in the results of external evaluations, in this case the school’s IDEB. Based on the use of microdata from the contextual questionnaires answered by principals and teachers on the occasion of Prova Brasil 2013, it was possible to measure dimensions of successful leadership, to propose a model that relates these dimensions to student performance, reflected in the results of IDEB, as well as analyzing these relationships. / Cada vez mais os diretores de escola têm sido responsabilizados e cobrados pelo bom funcionamento de sua escola, pela forma como os professores ensinam e o quanto os alunos aprendem. Além disso, em sua grande maioria, os diretores de escola são graduados em pedagogia e/ou licenciatura, mas suas atribuições abarcam mais saberes do que somente os pedagógicos, exigindo deles várias atividades na área de gestão, sendo demandados a possuir qualificações de liderança. A liderança é, atualmente, vista como uma garantia da qualidade e de reformas educacionais; é um componente fundamental para a capacitação da equipe escolar e, ainda, é considerada como uma das principais influências na transformação das práticas educacionais. Uma liderança bem-sucedida desempenha um papel importante na aprendizagem dos alunos, sendo o segundo fator, entre todos os relacionados com a escola, que mais contribui para que os alunos aprendam, perdendo apenas para as aulas propriamente ditas. Esta tese teve como objetivo verificar em que medida a liderança dos diretores de escolas brasileiras tem contribuído para a melhoria do desempenho de seus alunos, refletido nos resultados das avaliações externas, no caso o IDEB, da escola. A partir da utilização de microdados dos questionários contextuais respondidos por diretores e professores por ocasião da Prova Brasil 2013, foi possível mensurar dimensões de uma liderança bem-sucedida, propor um modelo que relaciona estas dimensões com o desempenho dos alunos, refletido nos resultados de IDEB da escola, bem como analisar essas relações.

Submitted by Daniella Santos (daniella.santos@fgv.br) on 2010-03-11T18:47:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_RebeccaBarros.pdf: 610540 bytes, checksum: 37ed3a5877339beeabc0c9ada82d9de9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Andrea Virginio Machado(andrea.machado@fgv.br) on 2010-03-12T13:28:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_RebeccaBarros.pdf: 610540 bytes, checksum: 37ed3a5877339beeabc0c9ada82d9de9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-03-12T19:11:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_RebeccaBarros.pdf: 610540 bytes, checksum: 37ed3a5877339beeabc0c9ada82d9de9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-14 / This thesis investigates price-setting in a variable macroeconomic environment using a unique data set from the Brazilian CPI index of Fundação Getulio Vargas. The primary data consist of a panel of individual prices for goods and services covering 100% of the CPI for the 1996-2008 period. During this period a number of important events produced substantial macroeconomic variability in Brazil: two emerging market crises, a change of exchange rate and monetary regimes, blackouts and energy rationing, an election crisis, and a regular disinflation. As a consequence, inflation, macroeconomic uncertainty, exchange rates, and output exhibit important variation in the sample. In the first chapter we describe the data-base and present the main price-setting statistics for Brazil. Then, in the second and third chapters, we construct time series of price-setting statistics and temporary sales and relate them to macroeconomic variables using regression analyses. We find that there is a substantial relationship between price setting statistics and the macroeconomic environment for the Brazilian Economy. / Esta tese investiga as estratégias de precificação em ambientes macroeconômicos distintos, utilizando uma base de dados única para o IPC da Fundação Getulio Vargas. A base de dados primária consiste em um painel de dados individuais para bens e serviços representando 100% do IPC para o período de 1996 a 2008. Durante este período, diversos eventos produziram uma variabilidade macroeconômica substancial no Brasil: duas crises em países emergentes, uma mudança de regime cambial e monetário, racionamento de energia, uma crise de expectativas eleitorais e um processo de desinflação. Como consequência, a inflação, a incerteza macroeconômica, a taxa de câmbio e o produto exibiram uma variação considerável no período. No primeiro capítulo, nós descrevemos a base de dados e apresentamos as principais estatísticas de price-setting para o Brasil. Em seguida, nos capítulos 2 e 3, nos construímos as séries de tempo destas estatísticas e das estatísticas de promoções, e as relacionamos com as variáveis macroeconômicas utilizando análises de regressões. Os resultados indicam que há uma relação substancial entre as estatísticas de price-setting e o ambiente macroeconômico para a economia brasileira.

O papel da inovação na promoção do crescimento econômico vem sendo estudado cada vez mais e já é reconhecido como um importante elemento para auxiliar no crescimento econômico dos países. Nesse contexto, há também o desenvolvimento do papel das instituições de ensino superior (IES) na promoção das inovações das empresas. As IES, por seu turno, são consideradas um repositório de conhecimento que podem contribuir com as empresas no processo de aprendizagem e de inovação por meio de relações de cooperação, colaboração ou interação. O presente trabalho propôs-se a resgatar os conceitos fundamentais envolvidos nessa temática – inovação, Sistema Nacional de Inovação (SNI), interação universidade-empresa (IUE) e estado da arte da inovação no Brasil – e ainda avaliar o impacto da relação existente entre IES e empresas. Em outros termos, propôs-se a analisar os impactos e efeitos da interação universidade-empresa (IUE) sobre os resultados de inovação e sobre o desempenho da firma, com foco na busca de evidências sobre o Brasil. Para analisar tais resultados em comparação às empresas que não adotam a IUE, será aplicado o método econométrico Propensity Score Matching (PSM), baseado em algoritmos de pareamento de indivíduos (no caso, empresas) pertencentes a grupos distintos, cujo objetivo é julgar os efeitos de determinado tratamento. O método foi aplicado aos microdados da Pesquisa de Inovação Tecnológica (PINTEC) do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Os resultados dos PSM foram todos positivos, indicando que a IUE é benéfica. Todavia, apenas em parte o resultado foi significativo. / The role of innovation in promoting economic growth is being studied more frequently and is already recognized as an important element to assist the countries’economic growth. In this context, there is also the development of the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) role in the promotion of companies’ innovation. The HEIs, in turn, are considered a repository of knowledge, which can contribute for companies in their process of learning and innovation through cooperative, collaborative or interactive relationships. This study seeks to rescue the main concepts involved – innovation, National Innovation System (NIS), University-Industry Interaction (UII) and the state of art innovation in Brazil – and to evaluate the impact of the relationships between HEIs and companies. In other words, it was proposed to analyze the impacts/effects of the university-industry interaction (UII) on the results of innovation and on the firm’s performance, focusing on the search of evidence about Brazil. In order to seize the effects of the UII on the results of innovation and on the firm's performance in comparison to the companies that do not have a UII, the econometric method was applied, Propensity Score Matching, based on matching algorithms of individuals (in the companies case) belonging to distinct groups, whose objective is to judge the effects of a particular treatment. The method was applied to the microdata from the Survey of Technological Innovation (PINTEC) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The results of the PSM were all positive, indicating that SUI is beneficial. However, only in part the result was significant.