In this research work the missional receptiveness of the non-churched in eastern Germany is examined qualitatively using the example of the meetings of the “no-name” church. The goal of the study is to find out what motivates the non-churched to attend Christian meetings, and to recognize patterns/indicators behind the motivation. For this the context of the non-churched in eastern Germany is first highlighted and the structure of the missional church described. Based on the empirical-theological practice cycle, both planning and execution as well as the results of qualitative interviews carried out with ten visitors to the meetings of the “no-name” church planting initiative are then presented. As a result of repeated coding using the Grounded Theory, five typologies of the non-churched can be highlighted. On the basis of the research results, hypotheses for the missional reachability of the non-churched are formulated and challenges for the practical application indicated. This study wants to contribute to a better understanding of the problems of the reachability of the non-churched in eastern Germany. It shows the strengths and weaknesses of the missional church model which should be taken into account in this context. / In dieser Forschungsarbeit wird qualitativ die missionale Ansprechbarkeit ostdeutscher Konfessionsloser am Beispiel der Treffen der nonamechurch untersucht. Das Ziel der Arbeit ist es herauszufinden, was Konfessionslose motiviert zu christlichen Veranstaltungen zu kommen, um Muster/Indikatoren hinter der Motivation zu erkennen. Dazu wird zunächst der Kontext der ostdeutschen Konfessionslosen aufgezeigt und die Struktur der missionalen Gemeinde beschrieben. Anschließend werden anhand des empirisch-theologischen Praxiszyklus sowohl Planung und Durchführung, als auch die Ergebnisse qualitativer Interviews dargestellt, die mit zehn Besuchern der Treffen der Gemeindegründungsinitiative nonamechurch geführt wurden. Als Ergebnis des mehrmaligen Codierens unter Anwendung der Grounded Theory lassen sich fünf Typologien von Konfessionslosen herausarbeiten. Auf der Grundlage der Forschungsergebnisse werden Thesen bezüglich der missionalen Erreichbarkeit von Konfessionslosen formuliert und Herausforderungen für die praktische Umsetzung aufgezeigt. Die vorliegende Studie will einen Beitrag zum besseren Verständnis der Problematik der Erreichbarkeit ostdeutscher Konfessionsloser leisten. Sie zeigt Stärken und Schwächen des missionalen Gemeindemodells auf, die in diesem Zusammenhang zu beachten sind. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Missiology)

German text / Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Wahrnehmung von Christen durch die wichtigsten so-ziopolitischen Milieus in der heutigen Türkei mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse von fünf türkischen Tageszeitungen. Zunächst schildert ein Rückblick die bedeutendsten ge-schichtlichen Faktoren für die Haltung gegenüber Christen in der Türkei: den frühen Islam, die gesellschaftliche Stellung der christlichen Minderheiten im Osmanischen Reich und in der Türkischen Republik sowie die Einflussnahme „christlicher“ Mächte in den Kreuzzügen und dann im Zeitalter des Kolonialismus. Die Analyse der Zeitungen Yeniçağ, Millî Gazete, Yeni Şafak, Milliyet sowie Cumhuriyet, die als Repräsentanten verschiedener Milieus ausgewählt wurden, erweist sich als aussage-kräftig in Bezug auf einen hinreichend differenzierten Befund der Wahrnehmung von Chris-ten. Es wird deutlich, dass laizistischer Kemalismus, türkisch-islamischer Nationalismus, Is-lamismus in seinen verschiedenen Spielarten sowie demokratischer Liberalismus die Christen durchaus sehr unterschiedlich wahrnehmen. Insbesondere in dem Misstrauen gegenüber christlicher Missionstätigkeit in der Türkei, die vorwiegend von Protestanten getragen wird, sind jedoch auch beachtliche Gemeinsamkeiten in der Sichtweise der untersuchten Milieus festzustellen. Im systematisierenden Teil der Arbeit werden für die vorwiegend negative Einstellung gegenüber Christen in der Türkei ideologische, historisch-politische und psychologisch-soziologische Gründe nachgewiesen. Zusätzlich wird die Notwendigkeit einer christlich-theologischen Interpretation der gegen Christen erhobenen Anschuldigungen dargelegt. Ge-eignete christliche Reaktionen werden unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Ersten Petrus-briefes aufgezeigt. Dabei legt die theologisch begründete Einordnung verbaler Angriffe in den Gesamtrahmen von Verfolgung das Fundament für ein Spektrum solcher Reaktionen. Dazu gehören die Auseinandersetzung mit Vorwürfen gegen Mission und die Vergewisserung der eigenen christlichen Identität. Der Erste Petrusbrief legt aktive Strategien zur Korrektur ge-sellschaftlicher Vorurteile nahe, gebietet aber ebenso geduldiges Ertragen von Anklagen nach dem Vorbild Christi und um seinetwillen. / This study examines the perceptions of Christians within the most important socio-political milieus in today’s Turkey. Methodically it undertakes a qualitative content analysis of five Turkish daily newspapers. First a retrospect depicts the most prominent historical factors for the attitude towards Christians in Turkey: early Islam, the societal status of Christian minori-ties in the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic, the interference of “Christian” powers during the crusades and later in the age of colonialism. The analysis of the newspapers Yeniçağ, Millî Gazete, Yeni Şafak, Milliyet and Cumhuri-yet, which are selected for representing the different milieus, proves to provide meaningful and adequately differentiated results concerning the perceptions of Christians. It becomes obvious that secular Kemalism, Turkish-Islamic nationalism, Islamism in its different flavors, and democratic liberalism manifest thoroughly different perceptions of Christians. Simultane-ously, significant common ground of the perspectives under examination can be demonstrat-ed, especially in terms of a deep mistrust against Christian missionary activities in Turkey. In the systematizing part of the study, ideological, historic-political, and psychological-sociological reasons are established for the mostly negative attitude towards Christians in Turkey. In addition the necessity of a Christian theological interpretation of the accusations against Christians is substantiated. Appropriate Christian responses are identified, with special attention to the First Letter of Peter. A theologically justified integration of verbal abuse into the broader framework of persecution creates the interpretational foundation for determining a variety of possible responses. Prominent among these responses are a debate about the accu-sations against Christian mission and the self-assurance of one’s Christian identity. The First Letter of Peter suggests active strategies to mitigate societal prejudice, but at the same time calls for Christians to patiently bear accusations according to the example of Christ and for his sake. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / D. Th. (Missiology)

Stress, a feeling of pressure, tension, strain or threat, is a problem for contemporary female participants in the primary and secondary educational milieus who automatically respond to stressors (causes of stress), in the same way as women and girls in the past, since human beings have not changed psychologically and biologically over the millennia. Like their ancestors many female educators, learners and caregivers today do not return to a calm mental and physical state after an initial stress reaction. They often remain under stress, which results in emotional, behavioural, physical and cognitive manifestations of stress. Moreover, females may be predisposed to stress because of psychological, biological and social factors that have underpinned their response to time-related stressors that have faced them throughout history. Yet, history has also shown that women and girls taught and learnt successful stress coping mechanisms. Insight into these universal truths may provide educational solutions to a universal problem / Educational Studies / D.Ed. (History of Education)

Stress, a feeling of pressure, tension, strain or threat, is a problem for contemporary female participants in the primary and secondary educational milieus who automatically respond to stressors (causes of stress), in the same way as women and girls in the past, since human beings have not changed psychologically and biologically over the millennia. Like their ancestors many female educators, learners and caregivers today do not return to a calm mental and physical state after an initial stress reaction. They often remain under stress, which results in emotional, behavioural, physical and cognitive manifestations of stress. Moreover, females may be predisposed to stress because of psychological, biological and social factors that have underpinned their response to time-related stressors that have faced them throughout history. Yet, history has also shown that women and girls taught and learnt successful stress coping mechanisms. Insight into these universal truths may provide educational solutions to a universal problem / Educational Studies / D.Ed. (History of Education)

This study explores the basic social conditions for high-quality university research, and focuses on research in science and technology in Sweden. Swedish research policy has adopted more of a market perspective on academic research and its role in society. This has meant the promotion of competition between researchers, increased focus on efficiency at universities, and attempts to make academia harmonize more with industry and other actors. How do such policies affect the variety of perspectives within the academic system? How do they affect the positions and identities of individual academics? These issues are discussed through the concept of "relational tensions". Relational tensions refer to social strains arising when interacting actors have different perspectives. Relational tensions can stimulate creativity, but may also cause unproductive conflicts. The discussion is underpinned by interviews with university researchers and a case study of Uppsala BIO-X, a program to commercialize university research in biotechnology. Typical cases of relational tensions are identified. These concern both interpersonal relations and differences between organized science and industry. A notable observation concerns potential frustration of individual academics, as competition and efficiency tends to make their positions and identities more contested. Researchers cope with relational tensions in three identified ways: socialization, seclusion, and lateral authority. Socialization is natural and often necessary, but reduces the variety of perspectives. Seclusion serves to retain variety and independence, but reduces interaction with others. Lateral authority is to formally or informally lend a researcher more authority, which improves the chance of maintaining a variety of perspectives without reducing interaction. The sustained usefulness of academic research arguably depends on its ability to foster and communicate a variety of perspectives. Hence, (i) promoting lateral authority seems fruitful within academia and in relations between academia and industry, and (ii) encouraging competition and efficiency may to some extent be counterproductive. / Research Excellence and Science-Based Industrial Systems