Mindfulness – nonjudgmental awareness of the present moment - has recently garnered significant attention in psychological literature for decreasing clinical symptoms. Certain personality traits such as emotionality, however, can predict higher levels of anxiety and depression. The present study examines whether mindfulness mediates the relationship between personality traits and perceived stress and depression in nonclinical populations. A total of 321 participants from two samples—American and Japanese undergraduates —self-reported scores on measures of mindfulness, personality, perceived stress and depression. Cross-cultural comparisons following measurement invariance tests also allow for insight into the definition of mindfulness, especially given the Eastern religion origin of mindfulness. Results demonstrate that mindfulness partially mediates the relationships between personality clinical symptoms, particularly for extraversion and conscientiousness. These results can play an important role for developing mindfulness-based treatment and prevention programs and bridge an important gap between Western conceived and Eastern religion mindfulness. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka effekten av en dos mindfulness session på 45 minuter och dess relation till: (1) Upprätthållandet av uppmärksamhetsförmågan, (2) exekutiv uppmärksamhetsförmåga samt (3) perceptuell förmåga. En experimentell studie genomfördes på idrottare (n=48) som uppfyllde särskilda krav för att få ingå i studien. Resultatet visade inga signifikanta skillnader gällande samtliga tre variabler mellan experimentgrupp och kontrollgrupp. Avslutningsvis diskuteras studiens resultat och implikationer i förhållande till tidigare forskning, med stöd av teoretiska referensramar. / The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of one 45 minute mindfulness session on: (1) Sustained attention abilities, (2) executive attention abilities, and (3) perceptual abilities. An experimental study was carried out on athletes (n = 48) who all met the specific requirements for being able to participate in this study. The results showed no significant difference in all three variables between the experiment group and the control group. In conclusion, the results and implications are discussed in relation to previous research, supported by theoretical frames of references.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-01-17T11:11:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tereza Claudia Camapum Carvalho de Freitas.pdf: 38892234 bytes, checksum: 763a5abcece8fff3b979ddcbbdf8eb24 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-17T11:11:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tereza Claudia Camapum Carvalho de Freitas.pdf: 38892234 bytes, checksum: 763a5abcece8fff3b979ddcbbdf8eb24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-23 / Oriental philosophy and psychology have influenced the practices and research in positive and clinical psychology. Mindfulness was found to reduce stress and chronic pain (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction - MBSR); reduce panic and anxiety (MBSR and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy – ACT), help in the treatment of borderline patients (Dialectical Behavior Therapy - DBT) and in the prevention of depressive relapse (Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy - MBCT) amongst other clinical applications. In positive psychology, studies were done on the hypothesis that promotion of positive emotions as love, contentment and compassion using Loving-Kindness-Meditation (LKM) during various months. LKM was found to promote positive emotions that help broaden coping and build resilience in participants. Both mindfulness and LKM involve full attention to the present moment without judging. The intention of this literature research was to construct a theoretical study on: 1 The concept of mindfulness meditation, emphasizing its beneficial effects on meditators; 2 Clinical interventions based on the concept of mindfulness; 3 The concept of LKM and how it can evoke and reinforce positive emotions as an instrument in positive psychology; 4 Clarify how mindfulness and meditation can promote coping and mental health. Finally, based on the analysis of the existing literature, the present study suggests that a broad range of processes is involved in the benefits of meditiation, including increased self conscience; acceptance of experiences, increased positive emotions and the broadening of psychological resources. / A filosofia e psicologia orientais têm influenciado as práticas e os estudos no ocidente nas áreas da psicologia clínica e psicologia positiva. Várias pesquisas demonstram resultados positivos na clínica em relação à redução do estresse e dores crônicas (Mindfulness Based Stress Redution - MBSR); na redução da ansiedade e pânico (Mindfulness Based Stress Redution - MBSR e Acceptance e Commetimet Therapy - ACT). No tratamento de pacientes borderlines (Dialectical Behavior Therapy - DBT) e na prevenção de recaídas na depressão (Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy - MBCT) entre outros. Na psicologia positiva, pesquisas foram realizadas com a hipótese de que seria possível promover emoções positivas seletivas como amor, contentamento e compaixão ao longo de meses utilizando-se Loving- Kindness Meditation (LKM). Esta técnica de meditação demonstrou ser capaz de evocar e incrementar emoções positivas que ajudam a ampliar estratégias de coping. Todavia, Loving- Kindness Meditation se aproxima do conceito de mindfulness quando é considerada uma técnica de atenção plena no momento presente, sem julgamento, mesmo que exista a intencionalidade de evocar pensamentos e emoções pré-determinadas. Com esta pesquisa bibliográfica buscou-se realizar um estudo teórico sobre : 1. O conceito da meditação mindfulness ressaltando os seus efeitos benéficos nos meditantes; 2. Intervenções clínicas baseadas no conceito de mindfulness; 3. O conceito da meditação Loving-Kindness Meditation e como esta é capaz de evocar e reforçar emoções positivas e por isso ser utilizada como ferramenta na psicologia positiva; 4. Elucidar como pode ampliar o coping e promover saúde mental. Em conclusão, a partir da análise da literatura existente, este estudo teórico sugere que um leque de processos está envolvido nos benefícios da meditação, incluindo maior consciência de si, aceitação das experiências, geração de emoções positivas e ampliação de recursos psicológicos.

Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa har under de senaste åren gått om rörelseorganens sjukdomar som främsta orsak till långtidssjukskrivningar i Sverige. Psykisk ohälsa innebär en försämrad livs­kvalitet för de drabbade och leder till stora samhällskostnader. Forskning krävs för effektivare sjukgymnastiska behandlingsmetoder vid psykisk ohälsa. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att undersöka förändringar avseende ångest, depression, stress och kropps­liga symtom hos patienter som deltagit i gruppbehandling i Basal KroppskännedomTM (BK) i kombination med Mindfulness (MF). Metod: Studien genomfördes med ”single group design”. Mätningar av grad av ångest, depression, stress och kroppsliga symtom utfördes före och efter gruppbehandlingen med formulären HAD, SCL-90 och SCI-93. Sammanlagt behandlades åtta grupper under perioden 2008 – 2010. Behandlingarna omfat­tade mellan 10-12 tillfällen, en gång i veckan á 90 minuter.  De följde BK:s metodik och innehöll även sittande mindfulness och kroppsskanning ur Mindfulness-based Stress Reduc­tion (MBSR). Från dessa åtta grupper rekryterades 67 studiedeltagare. Resultat: Patienternas ångest, depression, stress och kroppsliga symtom minskade signifikant efter gruppbehandlingen. Resultatet i denna studie indikerar att grupp­behandling i BK i kombination med MF kan ha en positiv effekt på psykisk ohälsa. Vidare studier krävs för att närmare undersöka sambandet mellan kombinationsbehandlingen och psykisk ohälsa. / Background: Mental disorders have increased sharply during the last decades, and have surpassed musculoskeletal diseases as the prime cause of long-term sick leave. Mental disorders cause deterioration in quality of life and lead to significant costs for the society. Physiotherapeutic methods for treatment of mental disorders should be developed and evaluated. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate changes in mental disorders with respect to anxiety, depression, stress and bodily symptoms in patients who had participated in a group-treatment combining Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BAT) and Mindfulness (MF). Method: The study was conducted with a "single group design" and measurements of the degree of anxiety, depression, stress and bodily symptoms were made before and after the group-treatment using the forms HAD, SCL-90 and SCI-93. In total eight groups were treated during the period 2008 - 2010. The group-treatment encompassed between ten and twelve sessions, once a week. The treatment was in line withe BAT methodology, and also included sitting mindfulness and body-scan technique in accordance with Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR). From these eight groups, sixty-seven study participants were recruited.                                                                                                                  Results: The patients’ self-rated degree of anxiety, depression, stress and bodily symptoms was significantly reduced after the group-treatment compared to before. The results of the study indicate that group-treatment in Basic BAT combined with MF can have a positive effect on mental disorders. Further studies are however required to further examine the indicated relationship between the combined treatment and mental disorders.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:22:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tereza Claudia Camapum Carvalho de Freitas.pdf: 38892234 bytes, checksum: 763a5abcece8fff3b979ddcbbdf8eb24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-23 / Oriental philosophy and psychology have influenced the practices and research in positive and clinical psychology. Mindfulness was found to reduce stress and chronic pain (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction - MBSR); reduce panic and anxiety (MBSR and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy ACT), help in the treatment of borderline patients (Dialectical Behavior Therapy - DBT) and in the prevention of depressive relapse (Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy - MBCT) amongst other clinical applications. In positive psychology, studies were done on the hypothesis that promotion of positive emotions as love, contentment and compassion using Loving-Kindness-Meditation (LKM) during various months. LKM was found to promote positive emotions that help broaden coping and build resilience in participants. Both mindfulness and LKM involve full attention to the present moment without judging. The intention of this literature research was to construct a theoretical study on: 1 The concept of mindfulness meditation, emphasizing its beneficial effects on meditators; 2 Clinical interventions based on the concept of mindfulness; 3 The concept of LKM and how it can evoke and reinforce positive emotions as an instrument in positive psychology; 4 Clarify how mindfulness and meditation can promote coping and mental health. Finally, based on the analysis of the existing literature, the present study suggests that a broad range of processes is involved in the benefits of meditiation, including increased self conscience; acceptance of experiences, increased positive emotions and the broadening of psychological resources. / A filosofia e psicologia orientais têm influenciado as práticas e os estudos no ocidente nas áreas da psicologia clínica e psicologia positiva. Várias pesquisas demonstram resultados positivos na clínica em relação à redução do estresse e dores crônicas (Mindfulness Based Stress Redution - MBSR); na redução da ansiedade e pânico (Mindfulness Based Stress Redution - MBSR e Acceptance e Commetimet Therapy - ACT). No tratamento de pacientes borderlines (Dialectical Behavior Therapy - DBT) e na prevenção de recaídas na depressão (Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy - MBCT) entre outros. Na psicologia positiva, pesquisas foram realizadas com a hipótese de que seria possível promover emoções positivas seletivas como amor, contentamento e compaixão ao longo de meses utilizando-se Loving- Kindness Meditation (LKM). Esta técnica de meditação demonstrou ser capaz de evocar e incrementar emoções positivas que ajudam a ampliar estratégias de coping. Todavia, Loving- Kindness Meditation se aproxima do conceito de mindfulness quando é considerada uma técnica de atenção plena no momento presente, sem julgamento, mesmo que exista a intencionalidade de evocar pensamentos e emoções pré-determinadas. Com esta pesquisa bibliográfica buscou-se realizar um estudo teórico sobre : 1. O conceito da meditação mindfulness ressaltando os seus efeitos benéficos nos meditantes; 2. Intervenções clínicas baseadas no conceito de mindfulness; 3. O conceito da meditação Loving-Kindness Meditation e como esta é capaz de evocar e reforçar emoções positivas e por isso ser utilizada como ferramenta na psicologia positiva; 4. Elucidar como pode ampliar o coping e promover saúde mental. Em conclusão, a partir da análise da literatura existente, este estudo teórico sugere que um leque de processos está envolvido nos benefícios da meditação, incluindo maior consciência de si, aceitação das experiências, geração de emoções positivas e ampliação de recursos psicológicos.

Inledning: Stressrelaterad ohälsa är ett växande folkhälsoproblem som skapar lidande för individer och stora kostnader för samhället. Det finns behov av hälsofrämjande och förebyggande metoder för att motverka denna ohälsa. MBSR är en metod som visat lovande effekter på stressreducering och olika dimensioner av stressrelaterad ohälsa.                     Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskriva effekter av Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) på ohälsosam stress i friska populationer.                                                                                                 Metod: En litteraturöversikt med tio vetenskapliga artiklar som analyserades systematiskt för att identifiera teman i effekter av MBSR-program på stressrelaterad ohälsa.                                                                                                                    Resultat: Samtliga vetenskapliga studier visar hur MBSR-programmet ger positiva effekter på hälsan som ökad mindfulness, reducerad stress samt bättre psykisk och emotionell hälsa. Diskussion: MBSR har i tidigare studier visat sig vara effektiv för ökad livskvalitet och copingförmåga vid kroniska smärttillstånd samt olika fysiska och psykiska diagnoser. Mindre uppmärksamhet har riktats mot möjliga fördelar hos friska populationer. Resultatet av litteraturöversikten visar hur MBSR är en lovande metod för att främja hälsa och förebygga stressrelaterad ohälsa hos friska populationer i det korta perspektivet, vilket stöds av tidigare publicerade studier. / Introduction: Stress-related illness is a growing public health concern which induces suffering for individuals and high costs for society. There is a need for health promotion and prevention methods to counteract this illness. MBSR is a method which demonstrates promising effects on stress reduction and different dimensions of stress-related illness.                                       Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe the effects of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on stress in healthy populations.                                                                                                      Methods: A literature review of ten scientific articles were systematically analyzed to identify themes in effects of MBSR on stress-related ill health.                                       Results: All scientific studies show how MBSR has positive health effects such as increased mindfulness, reduced stress as well as better mental and emotional health.               Discussion: In previous studies MBSR has proven to be effective in enhancing quality of life as well as management of chronic pain conditions and various physical and mental disorders. Less attention has been paid to possible benefits in healthy population. The result of this literature review show how MBSR can be a promising method to promote health and prevent stress-related illness in healthy populations in the short perspective, as confirmed by previous studies.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-04T19:14:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Introdução: As intervenções baseadas em mindfulness podem ser efetivas para tratamento complementar das cefaleias primárias em populações socialmente vulneráveis. Este estudo com mulheres da maior favela do Ceará, no Nordeste do Brasil, verificou os efeitos de uma IBM em mulheres com cefaleia crônica sob risco social. Método: Estudo de eficácia preliminar, exploratório, quasi-experimental, de abordagem mista (quanti e qualitativa), que avaliou o impacto de uma IBM em mulheres usuárias do SUS com relação à incapacidade nas atividades da vida diária (Midas) decorrente da cefaleia crônica (desfecho primário), além de variáveis secundárias como nível de mindfulness, injustiça percebida e autocompaixão. Uma intervenção com acupuntura foi o grupo controle ativo. Resultados: O perfil das participantes foi: (44,5%) casadas; (51,3%) com até 2 filhos; (63,9%) nível fundamental; (53,8%) com renda de 1 a 2 salários-mínimos e (72,21%) com cefaleia crônica, sendo (63,3%) enxaqueca e (8,8%) cefaleia de tensão. A cefaleia está associada à baixa escolaridade, à baixa renda familiar (p<0,05) e a eventos emocionais negativos na vida. Nos autorrelatos, foram categorizados quatro determinantes sociais de saúde causadores de distress psicológico: papel social da mulher na comunidade; busca recorrente aos serviços de saúde; abuso de medicamentos e estratégias de enfrentamento disfuncionais. O distress psicológico estava na base das crises recorrentes de cefaleia. Na comparação dentro dos grupos IBM e acupuntura, IBM promoveu diminuição no nível da incapacidade da cefaleia indicado pelos autorrelatos, mas não por Midas; aumento da autocompaixão (p<0,05); aumento de do nível de mindfulness (p<0,05), enquanto que acupuntura promoveu diminuição apenas em Midas (p<0,05). Houve diminuição da injustiça percebida em ambos os grupos, mas não estatisticamente significante (p>0,05). Na comparação entre grupos, IBM apresentou níveis maiores de autocompaixão e de mindfulness que no grupo acupuntura, com diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,05). Houve correlações estatisticamente significantes entre Midas e injustiça percebida (p<0,001) e Midas e mindfulness (p<0,05). No modelo de regressão, apenas injustiça percebida influenciou Midas (p<0,001), corroborando os autorrelatos que destacaram esse sentimento negativo na gênese da cefaleia. Considerações finais e Conclusão e: Esse é o primeiro estudo em nível internacional a avaliar os efeitos de uma IBM em população de mulheres com cefaleia crônica e vulneráveis socialmente, comparados com os da acupuntura. As duas intervenções foram efetivas para a redução da incapacidade da cefaleia, sendo que atuando através de mecanismos distintos. Os resultados sugerem que IBM influenciou positivamente a dor através de processos mentais e emocionais (controle atencional, consciência corporal e regulação emocional), o que não ocorreu em relação ao grupo acupuntura. Os efeitos da IBM e da acupuntura na cefaleia crônica das participantes demonstraram preliminar potencial eficácia de práticas mente-corpo em populações vulneráveis socioeconomicamente. / Introduction: Mindfulness-based interventions may be effective for complementary management of primary headaches in socially vulnerable populations. This study with women from the largest favela in Ceará, Northeast Brazil, verified the effects of an IBM in women with chronic headache at social risk. Method: Preliminary, exploratory, quasi-experimental, mixed-approach (quantitative and qualitative) efficacy study evaluating the impact of an IBM on women users of SUS in relation to the disability in daily life activities (Midas) due to chronic headache (Primary outcome), as well as secondary variables such as level of mindfulness, perceived injustice and self-pity. One intervention with acupuncture was the active control group. Results: The participants' profile was: (44.5%) married; (51.3%) with up to 2 children; (63.9%) fundamental level; (53.8%) with income of 1 to 2 minimum wages and (72.21%) with chronic headache, being (63.3%) migraine and (8.8%) tension headache. Headache is associated with low schooling, low family income (p <0.05) and negative emotional events in life. In the self-reports, four social determinants of health that caused psychological distress were categorized: the social role of women in the community; Recurrent search for health services; Drug abuse and dysfunctional coping strategies. Psychological distress was at the basis of recurrent headache crises In the comparison within the IBM groups and acupuncture, IBM promoted a decrease in the level of headache inability indicated by self-reported but not by Midas; Increased self-pity (p <0.05); Increased level of mindfulness (p <0.05), whereas acupuncture promoted a decrease only in Midas (p <0.05). There was a decrease in perceived injustice in both groups, but not statistically significant (p> 0.05). In the comparison between groups, IBM presented higher levels of self-pity and mindfulness than in the acupuncture group, with a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). There were statistically significant correlations between Midas and perceived injustice (p <0.001) and Midas and mindfulness (p <0.05). In the regression model, only perceived injustice influenced Midas (p <0.001), corroborating the self-reports that highlighted this negative feeling in the genesis of headache. Final considerations and conclusions: This is the first international study to evaluate the effects of an IBM on a population of women with chronic and socially vulnerable headache compared to acupuncture. The two interventions were effective in reducing the incapacity of headache, and acting through different mechanisms. The results suggest that IBM positively influenced pain through mental and emotional processes (attention control, body awareness and emotional regulation), which did not occur in relation to the acupuncture group. The effects of IBM and acupuncture on chronic headache of the participants demonstrated preliminary potential efficacy of mind-body practices in socioeconomically vulnerable populations. / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Introduktion: Ländryggssmärta är väldigt vanligt och uppskattningsvis kommer ca 60–65 procent av befolkningen i Norden att uppleva ländryggsbesvär under en 12-månaders period. Det finns ett ökat intresse av att använda mindfulness-metoder som exempel Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) för att behandla olika typer av smärta. Forskningen och rekommendationer för mindfulness som behandling vid långvarig ländryggssmärta spretar och det finns enligt socialstyrelsen ett behov av uppdatering av evidensen inom området gällande diagnostik, behandling, rehabilitering och prevention för kroniska ospecifika smärtor. Syfte: Var att beskriva om Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction är en effektiv metod för att minska smärtintensiteten hos vuxna (18&gt; år) personer med kronisk ländryggssmärta. Metod: En litteratursökning genomfördes i PubMed för att få fram relevanta artiklar och en kvalitetsbedömning utfördes på inkluderade artiklar. En metaanalys genomfördes för att få en överblick på den genomsnittliga effektstorleken mellan grupperna. Resultat: Totalt sex randomiserade kontrollerade studier (Randomized controlled trial, RCT) inkluderades i litteraturstudien med totalt 902 patienter (män och kvinnor med någon form av kronisk ländryggssmärta (KLRS)) där interventiongruppen var MBRS och kontrollgruppen var usual care (UC, vanlig medicinsk vård) eller ett hälsoutbildningsprogram. Utfallsvariabeln som mättes var smärtintensiteten och metaanalysen uppskattade effektstorlek (SMD, standardiserad medelskillnad) till -0,611och med en heterogenitet på I^2= 92,5%. Diskussion: Ett MBSR- program under åtta veckor visade tendenser på att kunna ge reducerad smärtintensitet hos patienter med KLRS med en medelhög effektstorlek till fördel för MBSR. Den betydande heterogeniteten som observerades minskar relevansen i fynden. Slutsats: Det finns begränsade bevis för om MBSR kan minska smärtintensitet hos patienter med KLRS och standardiserad forskning krävs för att tydligare kunna utvärdera effekterna av en MBSR intervention hos patienter med KLRS. / Introduction: Lower back pain is very common; approximately 60-65 percent of the population in the Nordic region will experience lower back pain during a twelve-month period. There is an increased interest in using mindfulness methods such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) to treat different types of pain. The research and recommendations for mindfulness as treatment for chronic lower back pain is varying and there is a need for update of evidence in the field of diagnostics, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention for non-specific chronic pains. Purpose: To describe if MBSR is an effective way to reduce pain intensity in adults (18&gt; years) with chronic lower back pain. Method: A literature review was conducted in PubMed to obtain relevant articles and a quality assessment was conducted on included articles. A meta-analysis was performed to get an overview of the average effect size between the groups. Results: A total of six randomized controlled trials (RCT) were included in the literature study with a total of 902 patients (men and women with some type of chronic lower back pain (CLBP)). In the studies the intervention group was MBRS and the control group was common care (UC, normal medical care) or a health education program. The outcome variable measured was the pain intensity and the meta-analysis estimated an effect size (SMD, standardized mean difference) of -0.611 with a heterogeneity of I ^ 2 = 92.5%. Discussion: An MBSR program preformed during eight weeks showed tendencies of being able to provide reduced pain intensity in patients with CLBP with an average effect size for the benefit of MBSR. The significant heterogeneity which was observed reduces the relevance of the find. Conclusions: There is limited evidence of whether MBSR can reduce pain intensity in patients with CLBP. Standardized research is required to determine more clearly the effects of an MBSR intervention in patients with CLBP.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-08T17:49:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação_de_mestrado_Julio Antunes Barreto Lins 1.pdf: 1178353 bytes, checksum: 037cedb3694724a34ebe3b2109f0538f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-08T17:49:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação_de_mestrado_Julio Antunes Barreto Lins 1.pdf: 1178353 bytes, checksum: 037cedb3694724a34ebe3b2109f0538f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-29 / Programas chamados de Mindfulness Based Therapy, de meditação atenção-conscientização, têm apresentado resultados significativos em meta-análises. Devido a isso, diversos estudos qualitativos têm investigado as transformações pessoais e construído teorias, sendo a principal a teoria da transformação da situação perceptiva. Mas apenas recentemente, em 2014, foi publicada a primeira investigação qualitativa investigando transformações interpessoais consequentes de tais intervenções. Já no Brasil, a Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares no SUS incentiva o ensino da meditação para promoção da saúde. Localmente, o programa Atentamente de ensino de práticas no SUS compõe, com outras práticas integrativas, as abordagens do Núcleo de Apoio em Práticas Integrativas (NAPI) SUS Recife. Nesse programa o aprendizado de atenção-conscientização é apresentado em consonância com as vivências dos participantes. Quanto à metodologia, o presente estudo de caso construiu roteiro de entrevista qualitativa semi-estruturada e dialogada a partir das teorias fundamentadas. Foram entrevistados seis informantes chaves sobre as experiências com os estágios de desenvolvimento em intenção, atitude e atenção. Além disso, foram acompanhados quatro turmas do curso com observação participante. Quanto aos resultados, as categorias mais importantes elencadas no processo de transformação intrapessoal foram Aceitação, leveza, permitir mudança e deixar os pensamentos irem. Já na compreensão das transformações interpessoais as de maior significância foram Estar presente com o Outro, reagir menos, pensar melhor e autoconfiança. A teoria da dádiva se mostrou potente na elucidação da mudança de atitude frente ao outro a partir das práticas contemplativas, e recirculação de dádivas fundamentais. / Programs classified as “Mindfulness Based Therapies” have shown significant results in meta-analyzes teaching attention-awareness meditation. Because of this, several qualitative studies have investigated the personal transformations building theories, the main theory being the transformation of the perceptual situation theory. But only recently, in 2014, was published the first qualitative research investigating interpersonal transformations related to such interventions. In Brazil, the National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices in the SUS encourages the teaching of meditation for health promotion. Locally, the mindfulness-awareness based educational program Atentamente (“mindfully”) is part of the governmental strategy, the Center for Support in Integrative Practices (NAPI) SUS Recife. In this program attention-awareness of learning is presented in line with the experiences of the participants. As for the methodology, this is a case study built with qualitative interviews based upon the grounded theories. 6 key informants were interviewed about the experiences with the development stages in intention, attitude and attention. In addition, were followed four courses with participant observation. As for the results, the most important categories listed in personal transformation process were “Acceptance”, “lightness”, “enable change” and “let the thoughts go”. In the understanding of interpersonal transformations the main categories were “present with the Other”, “less reactive”, “better thinking” and “self-confidence”. The Gift theory proved powerful in elucidating the change of attitude from the other contemplative practices, and recirculation fundamental gifts.

Inledning: Samhället utvecklas och ställer allt högre krav på den enskilde individen som kan leda till ökad stressnivå. Långvarig stress kan leda till allvarliga folkhälsosjukdomar såsom utmattningssyndrom och depression. För att kunna påverka stressens negativa betydelse för hälsan är det viktigt att belysa behandlingsalternativ såsom meditation/mindfulness som kan inkluderas i vardagen. Syfte: Syftet med den här litteraturstudien är att undersöka vilka vetenskapliga belägg som finns om hur meditation/mindfulness kan hjälpa individer att hantera och reducera stress och på så sätt öka välbefinnandet och hälsan. Metod: Metoden är en litteraturstudie vilket innebär att artiklarna som ingår i studien har kritiskt granskats i en litteraturgenomgång. Tio artiklar ingår i studien som delats in i fyra teman som redovisas i resultatet. Resultat: Meditation/mindfulness kan vara effektiva metoder att hantera och reducera stress med, men alla studier var inte lika övertygande. Resultatet är indelat i fyra olika teman, positivt med meditation/mindfulness, tvivel om meditation/mindfulness effektivitet, mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) och onlineprogram. Gällande meditation/mindfulness antydde några studier att det kan öka välbefinnandet och minska stress. Medan andra var mer osäkra på dess fördelar. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) visade på tydligare resultat gällande stressreduceringsprogram och likaså onlineprogram. MBSR kan användas av både sjuka och friska människor. Onlineprogram är effektiva både kostnadsmässigt och att individen kan nå programmen var som helst. Diskussion: Det fanns inte lika tydliga belägg för meditation/mindfulness effektivitet vid stresshantering som förväntat. Alla studier var inte överens om att det hade någon effekt men trots tvivel vill de forska mer innan de utesluter det som en bra metod. Hur effektivt det är för en individ kan variera för att programmen kräver träning, förståelse och förtroende. Meditation/mindfulness hjälper inte alla individer att hantera sin stress, men för vissa gör den det och för andra kan vara en bra metod i väntan på att få professionell hjälp. / Introduction: The society develops and sets high standards on individuals and that make the stress increase. Long-term stress can lead to public health diseases such exhaustion syndrome and depression. To provide stress’s negative effect on health there is a need of reducing programs and interventions such meditation/mindfulness that can be included in the everyday life. Aim: The aim of this literature study is to investigate what scientific evidence exists about how meditation / mindfulness can help individuals manage and reduce stress, and then increase well-being and health. Methods: The method is a literature study, which means that the articles that are included in the study have been critically reviewed in a literature review. Ten articles are included in this study and they are divided into four themes that are reported in the result. Results: Meditation / mindfulness can be effective methods of managing and reducing stress, but all studies were not assured. The result is divided into four different themes, positive with meditation / mindfulness, doubts about meditation / mindfulness efficiency, mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and online programs. Some studies suggested that it could increase well-being and reduce stress. While others were uncertain of its benefits. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) showed clearer results about stress reduction programs and online programs. MBSR can be used by both sick and healthy people. Online programs are effective both cost-effectively and that the individual can reach the programs from home. Discussion: There was not as clear evidence of meditation/mindfulness effectiveness in stress management as expected. All studies did not agree that it had any effect but in spite of doubt, more research is needed before ruling out as a good method. How effective it is for an individual may vary because the programs require training, understanding and trust. Meditation/mindfulness doesn’t help every individuals to manage their stress, but for some it does and for some it may be a good method while waiting for professional help.