No / This article examines recent organising successes in the Carbones del Cerrejón coal mine, reversing the organisational crisis of the Colombian mining union, Sintracarbon. Using Wever's concept of ‘field-enlarging strategies’, we argue that these events were facilitated by the dissemination of organising experiences between affiliates of a Global Union Federation, International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine and General Workers' Unions (ICEM), which recently merged to form IndustriALL. Additionally, we argue that this articulation between international and national unions, based on the principle of subsidiarity, was facilitated through sustained ICEM educational project activity, providing multiple entry points for Sintracarbon to operationalise its strategy and re-establish bargaining with multinational employers.

This master thesis investigates the integration of sustainability and resilience principles into the design of a distribution supply chain network for copper mining, using a case study at Copperstone Resources AB. The aim is to demonstrate how these considerations can be effectively implemented in the copper mining industry, an area where such integration is largely unexplored. Using a case study approach, an optimization model and sensitivity analysis were developed, resulting in four alternative supply chain network designs: two proposed by the company and two generated by the optimization model. Through multi-criteria decision analysis methods, including the analytical hierarchy process and weighted sum method, the alternatives were assessed with input from Copperstone Resources AB. The findings indicate potential cost savings ranging from 200 to 550 MSEK across the four alternatives over 10 years. The preferred option identified by the analysis involves intermodal transport utilizing electric trucks, railways, and ships to transport copper concentrate to Skelleftehamn and iron concentrate to Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Antwerp. This alternative is deemed the most efficient, environmentally friendly, and resilient, making it the recommended distribution supply chain network design. It is projected to emit between 25 872 and 81 545 tonnes of CO2 over 10 years, with an estimated investment and operating expense of approximately 2.57 BSEK over the same period. This research contributes to the scientific understanding of integrating sustainability and resilience in supply chain network design, particularly in the copper mining industry. The thesis provides insights for practitioners seeking to optimize their distribution networks while considering environmental and resilience factors.

Since the first democratic election in 1994, the South African labour force has undergone various changes. As a result, a number of laws were implemented, which helped ensure the diverse nature of the South African labour force. Within a diverse workforce, stereotypes are more likely to occur, which is also the focus of the present study. This study explored not only the meaning and origin of stereotypes but also the prevalent stereotypes and the manner in which employees experience these within the South African mining industry. A qualitative research design from a combined phenomenological and hermeneutic approach was used for the purpose of this study by following a case-study strategy. A combination of both purposive and convenience sampling was used and participants’ responses were obtained by making use of semi-structured interviews. The population consisted of participants (N = 15) from different departments within a particular organisation in the mining industry in South Africa. The representation of the population was diverse and included male, female, various age groups, and different racial groups. Interviews were transcribed and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Themes, sub-themes, and characteristics were extracted from the data and direct quotations of participants’ responses were analysed to support the findings. It was found that participants of this study are aware of and understand the meaning of stereotypes. Generalisation was the most prominent theme that was evident when asking participants about the meaning of stereotype. During the study it became clear that stereotypes exist within the mining industry and that individuals do entertain stereotypes of other individuals employed in this industry (out-groups), and also about themselves (in-group). The most prominent in-group stereotypes that individuals experienced are racially oriented. These stereotypes were experienced by White individuals, Black individuals and Coloured individuals, and it was mostly negative. The most prominent out-group stereotypes that individuals hold of others in their workplace were found to be occupational stereotypes. During the present study most stereotypes turned out to be negative in nature. Findings of this study also indicated that employees experience stereotypes on three levels, namely emotional, cognitive and behavioural. Participants of this study experienced stereotypes mostly on an emotional level. The study’s findings did show various origins of stereotypes and participants indicated that it originated mostly from secondary exposure. In these instances influences can be a result of factors such as affirmative action, apartheid, social interaction and upbringing. To conclude the study, recommendations were made for future research and practice in an industry with a diverse workforce. / MCom (Industrial Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Since the first democratic election in 1994, the South African labour force has undergone various changes. As a result, a number of laws were implemented, which helped ensure the diverse nature of the South African labour force. Within a diverse workforce, stereotypes are more likely to occur, which is also the focus of the present study. This study explored not only the meaning and origin of stereotypes but also the prevalent stereotypes and the manner in which employees experience these within the South African mining industry. A qualitative research design from a combined phenomenological and hermeneutic approach was used for the purpose of this study by following a case-study strategy. A combination of both purposive and convenience sampling was used and participants’ responses were obtained by making use of semi-structured interviews. The population consisted of participants (N = 15) from different departments within a particular organisation in the mining industry in South Africa. The representation of the population was diverse and included male, female, various age groups, and different racial groups. Interviews were transcribed and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Themes, sub-themes, and characteristics were extracted from the data and direct quotations of participants’ responses were analysed to support the findings. It was found that participants of this study are aware of and understand the meaning of stereotypes. Generalisation was the most prominent theme that was evident when asking participants about the meaning of stereotype. During the study it became clear that stereotypes exist within the mining industry and that individuals do entertain stereotypes of other individuals employed in this industry (out-groups), and also about themselves (in-group). The most prominent in-group stereotypes that individuals experienced are racially oriented. These stereotypes were experienced by White individuals, Black individuals and Coloured individuals, and it was mostly negative. The most prominent out-group stereotypes that individuals hold of others in their workplace were found to be occupational stereotypes. During the present study most stereotypes turned out to be negative in nature. Findings of this study also indicated that employees experience stereotypes on three levels, namely emotional, cognitive and behavioural. Participants of this study experienced stereotypes mostly on an emotional level. The study’s findings did show various origins of stereotypes and participants indicated that it originated mostly from secondary exposure. In these instances influences can be a result of factors such as affirmative action, apartheid, social interaction and upbringing. To conclude the study, recommendations were made for future research and practice in an industry with a diverse workforce. / MCom (Industrial Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology )

The threat posed by non-ferrous metal theft to industries in South Africa is substantial but is also regarded with indifference. A reason for this view may be that the criminal act is ordinarily not accompanied by violence and the target of the crime is an object that is far removed from the vicinity of the majority of South Africans. Non-ferrous metal theft may sometimes even be erroneously termed a victimless crime. This study endeavours to shed light on the complexities of non-ferrous metal theft and the industrial dangers that may be suffered if this crime is not eradicated. A case study from the mining industry was used to examine the nature and extent of non-ferrous metal theft. A mixed methods approach was followed in terms of which qualitative and quantitative research was done sequentially to provide the best possible representation of the situation. The participant allowed access to data over a six-year period as well as access to mine employees for interviews to assist with understanding the safety and security measures that the mine put in place to protect its workforce. This information led to another realisation, namely that if non-ferrous metal thieves cut an electricity supply line that is critical for life support and transportation in the mine, mineworkers may succumb to the harsh conditions underground. It also became evident that the police and the criminal justice system must develop a better understanding of the seriousness of non-ferrous metal theft. If this does not happen in the near future, managing the consequences of nonferrous metal theft at South African mines will become a mammoth task. Such mines and other industries affected by non-ferrous metal related theft must collaborate with each other and the police in order to understand the nature of the crime and to ensure that the prosecution of the perpetrators is handled properly. These industries should also subscribe to a pragmatic approach to crime prevention whereby various components from different crime prevention strategies are used to address the issues being experienced and whereby a unique crime prevention model for each industry and mining site can be developed. / Police Practice / M.A. (Policing)

Thesis (LLM (Public Law))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The first part of this thesis deals with the right of lateral and subjacent support and explains how it should be applied in South African law. The thesis illustrates how the neighbour law principles of lateral support were incorrectly extended to govern conflicts pertaining to subjacent support that arose in South African mining law. From 1911 right up to 2007, these two clearly distinguishable concepts were treated as synonymous principles in both academic writing and case law. The thesis plots the historical development of this extension of lateral support principles to subjacent support conflicts. In doing so, it examines the main source of South Africa’s law of support, namely English law. The thesis then shows how the Supreme Court of Appeal in Anglo Operations Ltd v Sandhurst Estates (Pty) Ltd 2007 (2) SA 363 (SCA) illustrated how the English law doctrine of subjacent support, with all its attendant ramifications, could not be useful in resolving disputes that arise between a land surface owner and a mineral rights holder in South African mining law. The second of half of the thesis investigates the constitutional implications of the Supreme Court of Appeal’s decision in Anglo Operations in light of the systemic changes introduced by the Minerals and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002. In terms of this new Act, all the mineral and petroleum resources of South Africa are the common heritage of the people of South Africa, and the state is the custodian thereof. This means that landowners are no longer involved in the granting of mineral rights to subsequent holders. In light of the Anglo Operations decision, landowners in the new dispensation of mineral exploitation face the danger of losing the use and enjoyment of some/all their land. The thesis therefore examines the implications of the statutory provisions in South African legislation (new and old) that have/had an impact on the relationship between landowners and mineral right holders with regard to the question of subjacent support, as well as the implications of the Anglo Operations decision for cases where mineral rights have been granted under the statutory framework. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die eerste deel van die tesis handel oor die reg op sydelingse en oppervlakstut en hoe dit in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg toegepas behoort te word. Die tesis wys hoe die bureregbeginsels rakende sydelingse stut verkeerdelik uitgebrei is na konflikte rakende oppervlakstut wat in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynreg ontstaan het. Vanaf 1911 en tot in 2007 is hierdie twee duidelik verskillende konsepte in sowel akademiese geskrifte en in die regspraak as sinonieme behandel. Die tesis sit die historiese ontwikkeling van die uitbreiding van laterale stut-beginsels na oppervlakstut-konflikte uiteen. In die proses word die hoofbron van die Suid-Afrikaanse reg ten aansien van steun, naamlik die Engelse reg, ondersoek. Die tesis wys uit hoe die Hoogste Hof van Appèl in Anglo Operations Ltd v Sandhurst Estates (Pty) Ltd 2007 (2) SA 363 (SCA) beslis het dat die Engelse leerstuk van oppervlakstut met al sy meegaande implikasies nie in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg sinvol aangewend kan word om dispute wat tussen die oppervlakeienaar van grond en die mineraalreghouer ontstaan, op te los nie. Die tweede helfte van die tesis ondersoek die grondwetlike implikasies van die Hoogste Hof van Appèl se beslissing in Anglo Operations in die lig van die sistemiese wysigings wat deur die Wet op Ontwikkeling van Minerale en Petroleumhulpbronne 28 van 2002 tot stand gebring is. Ingevolge die nuwe Wet is alle mineraal- en petroleumhulpbronne die gemeenskaplike erfenis van alle mense van Suid-Afrika en die staat is die bewaarder daarvan. Dit beteken dat grondeienaars nie meer betrokke is by die toekenning van mineraalregte aan houers daarvan nie. In die lig van die Anglo Operations-beslissing loop grondeienaars die gevaar om die voordeel en gebruik van al of dele van hulle grond te verloor. Die tesis ondersoek daarom die implikasies van verskillende bepalings in Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewing (oud en nuut) wat ‘n impak op die verhouding tussen die grondeienaar en die houer van die mineraalregte het, sowel as die implikasies van Anglo Operations vir gevalle waar mineraalregte onder die nuwe statutêre raamwerk en toegeken is.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Thesis. (D. Tech. - Business, Faculty of Management Sciences)--Vaal University of Technology, 2010. / The study explored the South African coal mining industry and it’s role players to establish the causes of the bottlenecks/constraints experienced in the coal mining industry supply chain. A qualitative research paradigm methodology was used. Both theoretical and philosophical assumptions were utilised with inferences from and references to works by other researchers to broaden the knowledge horizons for the study. Thirteen supply chain executives and professionals from the key role players in the coal mining industry were interviewed and provided invaluable input for the study. The study determined the presence of communication barriers between the industry role players in the public and private institutions that culminated in main themes and sub-themes being established from which the industry constraints were uncovered. The study identified six main constraints affecting the various role players within the coal mining supply chain and it culminated in the model that would enable the industry to minimise such constraints. To this end, the study proposes the development of an Integrated Strategy for the Development of Coal Mining (ISDCM).The model is based on the public and private partnership arrangement that would alleviate most of the prevailing constraints when implemented. The model would furthermore have the capacity to rectify most of the existing constraints. It would be funded from the commercial sector and would operate on triple bottom lines of economic, social and environmental factors, with equal weight. This is a desirable direction for the future in order to maintain sustainable development. Emanating from the study are policy and research recommendations for the South African coal mining industry, covering the coordination of the critical areas of the proposed integrated strategy for the development of the coal mining industry. Such recommendations include further research into new coal mines and power stations as well as perceptions and expectations of potential investors in the industry, among others.

ESKOM is moving towards a price structure for electricity which reflects, as far as possible, the real cost of generation. It is called real time pricing (RTP). ESKOM developed this cost structure to coax customers to use more electricity in off-peak periods (low cost of generation) and less electricity in peak periods (high cost of generation). However, many industries do not effectively use these price offerings from ESKOM to the detriment of themselves and ESKOM. In previous research improvements to this situation for the South African mining industry were investigated. ESKOM funded research to find the potential for load shifting on mines using RTP. The RTP investigation focused on the supply side management (SSM) in the mining context of underground services on gold and platinum mines. Elements investigated included the ventilation, cooling and pumping (VCP) systems. (Except for pumps, these plants are generally installed aboveground.) Previous research showed a national RTP and SSM potential to shift 500 MW of electrical load for a period of 5 hours. Through the previous research it became clear that the mines were previously able to react partially to the price signals. However, it was proved by the research that the full load shift potential can only be realised through the use of integrated dynamic simulation and optimisation. An even higher potential exists for load shift and electricity efficiency through demand side management (DSM) on the underground services. Therefore, if underground DSM strategies are combined with SSM strategies, a further and much bigger potential can be exploited to the benefit of ESKOM and the mines. Due to these factors this study was undertaken. Three case study mines were identified for this study. They are Kopanang and Target, both gold mines, and Amandelbult, a platinum mine. The DSM potential on each of these mines was calculated using simulation, calibration, verification and optimisation. These results were presented to mine management to negotiate the implementation of the proposed strategies on one of the mines. Kopanang's management agreed to the implementation of these strategies for a trial period of 3 months after which the success would be evaluated. The results of the implementation, together with the case study results, were used to calculate the national DSM potential in the mining sector through extrapolation. The DSM potential amounts to 650 MW of load per day as well as 5% on electricity consumption. This amounts to a potential saving of R72.1 million per year using current tariffs. This means that ESKOM can save about R5000 million on the building of a new power station to supply the equivalent load to the DSM potential. Now that the national impact has been calculated and discussed, all these findings must be used to motivate the implementation of these strategies throughout the mining sector. A similar project can be undertaken to look at possible DSM strategies in the industrial sector. This might prove to be more difficult as the electricity intensive systems are mostly all linked to the final production. In the mind of management this out-weighs the possible cost savings that can be achieved. ESKOM and the NER will have to rethink their strategy. Through DSM and load shifting actions alone the pending electricity crisis will not be averted. The current tariff structures should be amended to not only reflect the true cost of electricity but also provide incentive for DSM and load shifting. Another problem that must be addressed to achieve the DSM targets set for 2007 is the time that it takes to complete the study as well as the implementation time. Software can easily be created to help in the speeding up of the case study itself, as the process and steps followed, as well as models used, are very generic (at least in the gold and platinum mining sector). / Thesis (Ph.D. (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.