abstract: There are many educational issues connected to the exponential growth of the Latina/o population in the U.S. One such issue is Latina/os’ educational outcomes in the area of literacy. Despite the increased attention to subpopulations of students (e.g., English language learners, students with disabilities) there is little attention given to students that do not fit neatly into one subcategory, which positions Latina/o language minorities (LMs) with learning disabilities (LDs) in a liminal space where their educational services are fragmented into either being a student with LD or a LM student. Unfortunately, labels that are meant to afford students resources often result in fragmenting students’ educational experiences. This becomes evident when attempting to locate research on students who have ethnic, linguistic, and ability differences. Rarely are their educational needs as Latina/o LMs with LD met fluidly. Understanding the intersections of ethnicity, language, and ability differences in situated literacy practice is imperative to creating the deep, nuanced understanding of how Latina/o LMs with LD might become proficient in the use of critical twenty-first century tools such as new literacies. In this study I used cultural historical activity theory in combination with New Literacy Studies (Cope & Kalantzis, 2009; Gee, 1996) and intersectionality (McCall, 2014) to examine how Latina/o LMs with LD’s participated in literacies across in- and out-of-school contexts with the following research questions: In what ways does participation in literacy change for Latina/o LMs with LD as they move between in- and out-of-school? What situated identities do LMs with LD enact and resist while participating in literacy across in- and out-of-school contexts? / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Special Education 2015

abstract: Lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) individuals are exposed to specific stressors due to their sexual minority status. One such stressor may result from the negative family reactions to one’s romantic partner. Encountering this stress may be especially harmful for LGB individuals’ emotional well-being, as it could be considered a “double rejection”: that of their partner and possibly their own sexual orientation. The stress surrounding family members’ negative attitudes about their partner may affect how one feels about their partner. Furthermore, there may be individual differences that affect how an individual may perceive and respond to this stress. Specifically, one’s attachment style could either exacerbate (anxious) or weaken (avoidant) the experiences of stress, which may influence the emotions they feel about their partner. Using 14-day daily diary data from 81 same-sex couples, the purpose of this study was to examine whether there was an association between daily perceptions of stress via negative family reactions to partner and negative partner-related emotions, and whether attachment insecurity (anxiety and avoidance) moderated this association. Individuals’ perceptions of stress via negative family reactions was found to be positively associated with their reports of negative emotions about one’s partner. Anxious and avoidant attachment did not moderate the association between perceptions of stress and negative emotions due to one’s partner. The finding suggests this specific stressor on negative emotions due to partner may be an intrapersonal process, in which case couple therapists can increase clients’ awareness of this stress and how it impacts their feelings towards their romantic partner. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Counseling Psychology 2017

abstract: Research has consistently shown that gay/lesbian/bisexual (GLB) or sexual minority youth are at an increased risk for adverse outcomes resulting from the stress caused by continual exposure to negative events (e.g., victimization, discrimination). The present study used a nationally representative sample of adolescents to test mechanisms that may be responsible for the differences in offending behaviors among sexual minority and heterosexual adolescents. Specifically, this study tested whether bisexual adolescents received less maternal support than did heterosexual adolescents because of their sexual orientation, thus increasing the likelihood that they run away from home. This study then examined whether the greater likelihood that bisexual adolescents running away would lead to them committing a significantly higher variety of income-based offenses, but not a significantly higher variety of aggression-based offenses. This study tested the hypothesized mediation model using two separate indicators of sexual orientation measured at two different time points, modeled outcomes in two ways, as well as estimated the models separately for boys and girls. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized direct and indirect relations. Results showed support for maternal support and running away mediating the relations between sexual orientation and offending behaviors for the model predicting the likelihood of committing either an aggressive or an income offense, but only for girls who identified as bisexual in early adulthood. Results did not support these relations for the other models, suggesting that bisexual females have unique needs when it comes to prevention and intervention. Results also highlight the need for a greater understanding of sexual orientation measurement methodology. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2018

abstract: Empirical research has supported that higher behavioral engagement with and higher affective pride toward the LGBTQ+ community are associated with greater psychological well-being among Latinx sexual minorities (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, etc.). Less is known, however, about predictors of sexual identity development among Latinx sexual minorities. This study explores how heterosexist discrimination may be related to the exploration and affirmation of one’s sexual minority identity. Conversely, conflicts in allegiance (CIA), that is, the experience of perceived incompatibility Latinx sexual minorities may experience between their racial-ethnic and sexual minority identities, was examined as a potential negative correlate. This study applies a rejection-identification model and identity development theories to test the associations between heterosexist discrimination, conflicts in allegiances and sexual identity constructs (LGBTQ+ behavioral engagement and affective pride). Among a sample of 366 Latinx sexual minorities, this study found both heterosexist discrimination and conflicts in allegiances were significant predictors of LGBTQ+ behavioral engagement and affective pride. Additionally, data supported two mediational models that tested relations between heterosexist discrimination, LGBTQ+ behavioral engagement, and affective pride. This study contributes to our understanding of sexual minority identity among Latinx individuals. These findings can assist helping professionals and community centers in promoting psychological well-being among Latinx sexual minority individuals by informing identity-affirming practices and interventions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Counseling Psychology 2018

The Rroma people have a complex and highly contested narrative which is partly due to the fact that the Rroma are a homeless society, a society with no borders, no economy, no territory but with an origin. The perception of ethnicity itself is based on subjective interpretation and not based on some kind of scientific sociological truth. Those that apply their notions of ethnicity on a group may do so based on particular aspects of physical appearance or differential culture customs.    This research draws heavily on the theories of two authors, Charles Taylor and Will Kymlicka in order to answer my research question: To what extent can the challenges of the Rroma people in Romania be explained by Kymlicka and Taylor’s theories? What rights if any do they have?   Despite the fact that Romania is a democracy and that all people have the fundamental human rights, one can easily see the big disparities that exist between the Rroma ethnical group and the Romanian society. Members of a culture that has failed to be recognized will feel uprooted and it is important to give the recognition that a minority or unprivileged group is due and thereby acknowledge the fact that they have a cultural identity with their own traditions and aesthetic history. People should have the right to express their ethnic culture without any fear from persecution and prejudice from the society they live in.

abstract: Disparities exist among minorities in educational a ttainment. The gap widens when examining access to higher education and persi stence rates among minority males as compared to their white counterparts and minorit y females. The purpose of this action research study was to explore the impact of a recip rocal mentoring model between faculty and minority male students in an effort to examine the effects on student persistence and the students' academic experience. The researcher attempted to examine mentoring relationships, the process of reciprocal mentoring, and the effects on persistence and the students' academic experience f or the purpose of learning about one another's perspectives. This study investigated min ority male persistence within Chandler-Gilbert Community College (CGCC). Persiste nce was defined as a student who enrolled during the fall 2013 academic semester and continued at the same institution or transferred to another two-year or four-year instit ution working on degree completion. The author used a mixed methods design and used Cri tical Race Theory (CRT) as the theoretical framework by which to examine issues pe rtaining to minority male student perspectives and experiences. The results yielded e ight assertions related to minority male retention and persistence. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ed.D. Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2014

Cette recherche a été développée au sein de la communauté linguistique tolpan dans la Montagne de la fleur au Honduras. Son but est décrire leur situation sociolinguistique et se demander si elle réunit des éléments de menace, voire de danger pour la langue tol, ou au contraire de vitalité pour l'avenir. La mise en place d'un dispositif de recherche, par entretiens et observations empiriques nous a conduit aux résultats suivants : il s'agit d'une langue qui vit encore, son mécanisme de transmission est générationnel, les représentations des locuteurs sont positives sur leur langue, elle est perçue comme un des traits représentatifs de leur culture, elle même organisée autour d'un imaginaire collectif bien vivace. Nonobstant, nous avons mis au jour certains éléments qui semblent ne pas favoriser cette langue: l'envahissement de l'espace linguistique par l'espagnol langue officielle, le comportement non verbal qui paradoxalement semble nier le discours de fierté des Tolpans, les échanges asymétriques de communication, entre autres. Ce panorama évoque une situation diglossique où la langue tol est la langue dominée et l'espagnol la langue dominante.Donc, le tol, langue locale hondurienne fortement menacée malgré certains indices qui comptent en sa faveur. Des mesures urgentes seraient à prendre pour sa vitalisation: la scolarisation en langue tol, sa reconnaissance par un statut d'officialité et l'intégration de sa communauté tolpan comme égale aux autres Honduriens en termes sociaux, politiques, économiques et surtout culturels. Ce travail n'aurait pas pu être réalisé sans la collaboration des médiateurs tolpans, ou l'aide des amis qui partagent la passion pour les langues. / This research develops within the linguistic community Tolpán in The Flower Mountain in Honduras. Its purpose is to describe the sociolinguistic situation by identifying signs of threat or danger to the Tol language, or conversely of vitality for the future of this language.For the last three years we have been involved in an investigation that through interviews and empirical observations has lead to the following results: Tol is a language that is still alive, the transmission mechanism is generational, representations of the speakers about their language are positive, Tol is regarded as a representative feature of their culture, which is organized around a strong living collective imagination.However, we have also identified some elements that do not sustained the perpetuation of this language: the invasion of its physical area by the Spanish language area, nonverbal behavior that paradoxically denies the discourse of tol speakers, and asymmetrical communication exchanges, among others. This picture evokes a situation of diglossia, where Tol language is Spanish- language dominated and the dominant language.We take responsibility to say that tol is seriously threatened despite some evidence in its favor in order to revitalize the language, some urgent measures could be taken: tol schooling, recognition to official status, and community integration of Tol as equal to other Honduran languages in the social, political, cultural and economic field as a whole.This study could have not been possible without the collaboration of the Tolpan mediators, the help of friends who in the area of their possibilities, and the love and passion they share for languages have lent a helping hand and to whom I gratefully thank / Esta investigacion se desarrolla al seno de la comunidad lingüistica tolpan de la Montana de la Flor en Honduras. El proposito es describir su situacion sociolingüistica mediante la identificacion de indicios de amenaza o peligro para la lengua tol, o por el contrario de vitalidad para el futuro de ésta lengua.La investigacion a través de entrevistas y observaciones empiricas nos conducen a los resultados siguientes: strata de una lengua que vive aun, su mecanismo de transmision es generacional, las representaciones de los hablantes acerca de su lengua son positivas, el tol es considerado coma un rasgo representativo de su cultura, la que se organizan en torno a un imaginario colectivo viviente y solido.No obstante, se han identificado algunos elementos que no favorecen esta lengua: la invasion del espacio lingüistico del espanol lengua oficial, el comportamiento no verbal que paradojicamente niega el discurso de los hablantes tol, los intercambios asimétricos de comunicacion, entre otros. Es evidente entonces una diglosia donde la lengua tol es la lengua dominada y espanol la lengua dominante.El tol es pues una lengua hondurena seriamente amenazada a pesar de algunos indicios en su favor. Con el fin de vitalizar esta lengua, se podrian tomar algunas medidas urgentes: la escolarizacion en tol, el reconocimienta un estatus de oficialidad, y la integracion de la comunidad tolpan como igual a otros Hondurenos en el campo social, politico, economico y sobre toda cultural. Este trabajo no hubiese sida posible sin la colaboracion de los mediadores tolpans, o la ayuda de amigos que comparten la pasion par las lenguas, cada uno desde su area y sus posibilidades.

O presente trabalho visa estabelecer quais são as condições responsáveis por permitir à oposição o poder de influenciar o processo decisório em Legislativos. Para tanto, a pesquisa se divide em duas frentes, a primeira teórica e a segunda empírica. Em campo teórico o trabalho chama a atenção para a inviolabilidade do princípio majoritário no que diz respeito à produção legislativa e às suas regras regimentais e, por fim, demonstra como a sua desconsideração pode levar a equívocos no tocante à expectativa sobre o comportamento dos diversos atores envolvidos. Em solo empírico, demonstrarse- á que a incorporação deste princípio é essencial para compreendermos de que maneira a oposição pode intervir no processo decisório, assim como quando e porquê acontecerão mudanças regimentais que aumentem ou restrinjam os direitos da minoria. / The present thesis aims to establish the conditions that give oppositions the power to influence the decision-making process in Legislatives. Our research will be presented in two views, the first theoretical and the second, empirical. On the theoretical view, the study draws attention to inviolability of the majority principle in conducing the legislative process and its regimental rules and ultimately, how disregarding it can lead to mistakes in expectations of involved actors\' behavior. On the empirical view it will be shown that embedding that principle is essential to understand in which way the opposition can intervene in the decision-making process, as well as how and why regimental changes will happen either to restrict or to widen the minority rights.

Orientador: Marilda do Couto Cavalcanti / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T08:11:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_IvaniRodrigues_D.pdf: 1667970 bytes, checksum: a03c9bf847e80ac57e234baac17c7b9e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: A presente tese aborda a produção das identidades no contexto escolar e focaliza a representação que pais, professores e os próprios alunos surdos fazem da surdez, da língua de sinais e do processo de escolarização dentro do ensino regular. Sendo uma pesquisa de cunho etnográfico, o corpus é proveniente de registros compostos por diário de campo, gravações em vídeo das conversas com os alunos surdos e das atividades realizadas em um programa desenvolvido em um centro de estudos ligado a uma universidade pública do interior do Estado de São Paulo que atende a escolares surdos. Além disso, também fazem parte do corpus gravações em áudio das reuniões com professores da rede regular de ensino, das reuniões com os pais dos alunos surdos, ¿ e de textos produzidos pelos alunos surdos no centro de estudos, na escola comum e em casa, além de documentos que nos foram enviados pela escola e pela família. A fundamentação teórica da pesquisa se alicerçou nas contribuições da Etnografia Escolar (Erickson, 1987, 1989, Bortoni-Ricardo, 1993 e 2000; Cavalcanti, 1996, 2003; Maher, 1998; Moita-Lopes, 1999, 2002 e 2003) para a geração de registros e também para a análise dos dados. Baseou-se, ainda, em conceitos como ¿representação¿ proveniente da Análise Crítica do Discurso (Fairclough, 1995, 1999) e outros conceitos de outras áreas de conhecimento como o de ¿assimilação/resistência¿, da Antropologia (De Certeau, 2003), de identidades fragmentadas, provenientes dos Estudos Culturais (Bhabha, 2000, Hall, 2000, Silva, 2001), e da noções de ¿estabelecidos¿ e de outsiders ligadas à Sociologia (Elias & Scotson, 2000), além do conceito de ¿normalização¿, discutido por Canguilhem (1943/1992) e retomado por Foucault (1975/2000) e seus seguidores. Foram utilizadas ainda para a análise as teorias de letramento comprometidas com a perspectiva histórico-social (Street, 1984 e Barton, 1994). Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que as representações construídas sobre o aluno surdo estão sempre sendo negociadas e redefinidas nos contextos sociais focalizados, embora ainda persista a busca da (in)visibilidade da surdez em favor ora da construção da identidade do surdo enquanto ¿deficiente¿, ora de sua identidade construída na assimilação/normalização / Abstract: This dissertation addresses the production of identities in the school environment and focuses on the representations parents, teachers and the deaf students themselves have of deafness, sign language and the educational process in the regular school system. Since this is a study built on an ethnographic approach, the corpus comes mainly from records from field notebooks, video tapes of interviews with deaf students, tapes of activities occurring in a program offered by a public university in the State of São Paulo for deaf school children, audio tapes of meetings with teachers of the regular school system, tapes of meetings with the deaf students¿ parents, written texts produced by the deaf students at the Research Center, at school and at home, as well as various documents sent by the schools and by the deaf children¿s families. The theoretical bases for both generating the data as well as for data analysis were the contributions of the School Ethnography approach (Erickson, 1987, 1989; Bortoni-Ricardo, 1993 and 2000; Cavalcanti, 1996, 2003; Maher, 1998; Moita-Lopes, 1999, 2002 and 2003). For the data analysis, some theoretical constructs were also important. These constructs are the concepts of ¿representation¿ as put forward in Critical Analysis of Discourse (Fairclough, 1995, 1999) and some other concepts from other fields of knowledge such as ¿assimilation/resistance¿ from Anthropology (De Certeau, 2003), fragmented identities from Cultural Studies (Bhabha, 2000, Hall, 2000, Silva, 2001), the notions of ¿established¿ and ¿outsiders¿, connected to Sociology (Elias & Scotson, 2000) and the concept of normalization, discussed by Canguilhem (1943/1992) and taken up by Foucault (1975/2000) and his followers. For the purposes of analysis, I also lean on theories of literacy from the socio-historical perspective (Street, 1984 e Barton, 1994). The results of this study show that representations constructed about deaf students are constantly being negotiated and redefined in the social contexts examined, despite the constant search for the (in)visibility of deafness in favor of the deaf person¿s identity sometimes as ¿disabled¿, sometimes as assimilated / normalized. / Doutorado / Educação Bilingue / Doutor em Linguística Aplicada

Doctor of Philosophy / Curriculum and Instruction Programs / Kay Ann Taylor / It has been 50 years since the notion of the model minority was first used to describe Asian Americans in the United States (Petersen, 1966). In the past decade, there has been substantial scholarly growth in the model minority research, and researchers have identified racism hidden behind the notion. However, previous research has mainly addressed the model minority stereotype in the regional context with similar research topics that produce similar findings, which requires a new research paradigm to be established. To meet this theoretical and contextual need, this study locates the model minority discourse in postcolonialism, especially in the context of Empire as global sovereign power with no concrete form, viewing the model minority stereotype as Empire’s controlling strategy that ethnicizes all Asians on the globe into its “global capitalist hierarchy” (Hardt & Negri, 2000). Empirically, this study examines how the model minority stereotype is shaped, developed, and ingrained in the transnational experience of Asian international graduate students who pursue careers in the United States after their degree completion as a bridge to their future. Findings from participants’ narratives show that they became aware of their Asianness through their transnational experience and gradually embraced the hardworking image of Asians through repeated environmental and interactional input of the image. Participants also expected higher economic and social status in their home countries as a result of their degrees and work experience obtained in the United States, with Orientalist values people in their home countries attach to their U.S.-earned credentials. Asian intellectuals educated in the West, represented by the United States, serve Empire’s capitalist maintenance and expansion as a transnational workforce while seeking their self-interest and transnational competitiveness. This raises an interdisciplinary and intersectional need to empower higher education to be critically aware of the current context of Empire and globalization.