Yes / This paper responds to the dearth of research into women's negative intra-gender relations and lack of understanding as to why and how these relations manifest. Through a qualitative study of women elite leaders' experiences in UK organizations, the research considers how gendered contexts, women doing gender well and differently simultaneously, intra-gender competition and female misogyny may explain negative intra-gender social relations between women. We consider micro-aggression research and women's abjection and offer a unique conceptualization of intra-gender micro-violence with themes of disassociating, suppression of opportunity and abject appearance. The themes illustrate how the masculine symbolic order shapes and constrains women elite leaders' social relations with other women. We conclude that raising consciousness to intra-gender micro-violence between women is important as a means of disruption; to facilitate women and men's acceptance of intra-gender differences between women; and to open up opportunities and possibilities for women in organizations.

L’objectif de cette recherche est de contribuer à mieux comprendre l’impact du travail émotionnel dans l’émergence du burnout et des troubles somatiques des soignants. Pour cela, le premier chapitre commence par exposer le concept de travail émotionnel, son histoire, son évolution et ses liens avec le burnout et les troubles somatiques. Tout en développant la critique sociologique du travail émotionnel d’Hochschild, nous exposons sa pertinence dans le contexte actuel de l’institution hospitalière. L’évolution du concept est ensuite présentée et nous proposons de nous focaliser sur l’approche intra psychique du travail émotionnel. Celle-ci privilégie trois composantes du concept : la dissonance émotionnelle, l’acting de profondeur et l’acting de surface. A partir de cette approche, notre revue de la littérature expose les liens de ces trois composantes au burnout, aux troubles somatiques et à la performance des salariés. Diverses problématiques associées à l’état actuel des connaissances portant sur le lien entre le travail émotionnel et la santé des salariés sont alors abordées et les chapitres suivants proposent d’apporter, par le biais d’études empiriques, des éléments de réponses à celles-ci. Le deuxième chapitre expose les problématiques liées aux limites méthodologiques des mesures actuelles du concept de travail émotionnel. Une mesure alternative est proposée : celle-ci distingue les deux processus de régulation jusqu’ici confondus dans la conceptualisation de l’acting de profondeur, à savoir la réévaluation cognitive et le déploiement attentionnel ; les deux stratégies de régulations expressives jusqu’ici confondues dans la conceptualisation de l’acting de surface, à savoir la suppression et l’amplification expressive des émotions. Enfin, ces processus de régulation ont clairement été dissociés de l’état de dissonance émotionnelle. Nos résultats présentent plusieurs intérêts. Premièrement, ils indiquent que la dissonance émotionnelle constitue la composante du travail émotionnel la plus fortement associée au burnout et aux troubles somatiques. Deuxièmement, cette étude révèle que les mesures actuelles de l’acting de surface et de profondeur englobent différents processus aux effets opposés sur le burnout. Alors que la suppression expressive des émotions est liée de façon positive au burnout, l’amplification expressive des émotions l’est de façon négative. Et si la réévaluation cognitive s’avère une stratégie de régulation négativement liée au burnout, le déploiement attentionnel apparaît plus délétère à la santé des salariés. Afin de déterminer la valeur ajoutée du travail émotionnel au modèle exigences-ressources, le troisième chapitre évalue les liens entre celui-ci et le burnout en prenant en considération différents stresseurs/ressources organisationnelles (exigences émotionnelles, charge de travail, justice organisationnelle…). Basées sur les principes du modèle exigences-ressources, les données indiquent que les composantes du travail émotionnel expliquent une part de variance importante du burnout et des troubles somatiques au-delà des parts de variance expliquées par les exigences et le manque de ressources organisationnelles. Puisque la dissonance émotionnelle joue un rôle prédominant dans l’émergence du burnout, le quatrième chapitre évalue dans quelle mesure la réflexivité des équipes de travail permet de modérer ses effets négatifs sur la santé des salariés. Les données indiquent que la réflexivité sociale modère les effets de la dissonance sur le burnout. Enfin, le chapitre cinq explore les liens entre le travail émotionnel, le burnout et la maltraitance des soignants vis-à-vis des patients. Les résultats confirment l’impact de la dissonance émotionnelle et du burnout sur les comportements de maltraitance. En effet, le burnout et la dissonance médiatisent les effets des stresseurs liés à l’environnement de travail sur la maltraitance. / The aim of this research was to better understand the links between emotional labor, burnout and somatic complaints. The first chapter constitutes a literary review that exposes the concept, its history, and its links with burnout and somatic complains: Hochschild’s sociological analysis of emotional labor is developed and its relevance to the hospital context is exposed. The evolution of the concept is then presented and we propose to focus on the intra psychic perspective of emotional labor which pays attention to three components of the concept: emotional dissonance, surface acting and deep acting. Based on this approach, we realized a literature review that exposed the associations between these three components and burnout, somatic complaints and job performance. Diverse problems associated with the comprehension of the impact of emotional labor on health outcomes are developed. The second chapter exposes the problems associated with the limitations of the measure used to evaluate the concept of emotional labor. An alternative measure is proposed: this one distinguishes the two emotion regulation processes included in the conceptualization of deep acting, which are, re-evaluation and attentional deployment. It also distinguishes the two expressive regulation strategies included in the conceptualization of surface acting, that are expressive suppression and expressive amplification. Finally, these emotion regulation processes are separate from the emotional dissonance state. Our results present several issues: First, they indicate that emotional dissonance is positively associated with burnout and somatic complains and that the variance part of these two variables are broadly explained by the emotional dissonance state. Second, they reveal that surface acting and deep acting measures include different processes with opposite effects on burnout: while expressive suppression is positively linked with burnout, expressive amplification is negatively related to it. Moreover, re-evaluation presents a positive impact on health outcomes while attentional deployment has a negative impact on them. The aim of the third chapter is to determine the added value of emotional labor to the job demands-resources model: links between emotional labor, burnout and somatic complaints were analyzed by taking into account different organizational demands and resources (emotional demands, workload, organizational justice…). Based on the job-demands-resources principles, our result show that emotional labor components explain a great part of burnout and somatic complaints beyond the parts of variance explained by demands and lack of resources. As emotional dissonance plays a determinant role in the burnout process, the fourth chapter examines to what extent reflexivity among work teams moderates its negative effects. Results indicate that social reflexivity moderates burnout induced by emotional dissonance. Finally, chapter five explores the links between emotional labor, burnout and mistreatments toward patients. Results confirmed the link between emotional dissonance and burnout on mistreatments. Indeed, burnout and emotional dissonance mediate the effects of stressors linked with the work context on mistreatment.

A Medicina Veterinária Legal é uma área em crescimento devido à demanda da sociedade na coibição dos crimes contra a fauna. No Brasil, pouco se conhece acerca da magnitude deste problema. Além disso, a investigação dos crimes contra a fauna é dificultada pela baixa disponibilidade de médicos veterinários e de órgãos especializados trabalhando em sintonia com a Polícia Judiciária e a Justiça, na elaboração da prova médico veterinária legal. A perfeita sintonia entre as partes pode ser alcançada por meio da comunicação adequada, que se concretiza por meio do laudo pericial. Assim, o presente estudo propôs-se a estimar a incidência dos casos de crimes contra a fauna praticados contra cães e gatos, em São Paulo, bem como a elaborar um modelo de laudo de exame de necroscopia, para ser utilizado nestes casos. Em primeiro lugar, foi realizado um levantamento retrospectivo dos casos encaminhados a dois órgãos distintos que lidam com esta modalidade de crime em sua rotina de atendimento: o Departamento de Patologia da FMVZ/USP e o Núcleo de Análise Instrumental do Instituto de Criminalística de São Paulo (NAI/IC). Este levantamento possibilitou a visualização do perfil quantitativo e qualitativo dos casos de maus-tratos a cães e gatos, no período de 2003 a 2009. Felinos são mais afetados pela prática de maus-tratos que caninos, não há diferença em relação ao sexo, predominam animais jovens e os agentes mais utilizados são os carbamatos. A seguir foi realizada uma pesquisa retrospectiva de laudos de exames de necropsia, que possibilitou a elaboração de um modelo de laudo, para ser utilizado na normatização de laudos de exame de necropsia elaborados pelo Departamento de Patologia da FMVZ/USP, em casos de crimes contra a fauna, a fim de melhorar a comunicação entre médicos veterinários e as demais partes envolvidas nos processos de crimes contra a fauna. / Legal Veterinary Medicine is a growing field due to the demand of the society in restraint of crimes against fauna. In Brazil little is known about the magnitude of this problem. Furthermore investigation of crimes against fauna is rendered difficult by the low availability of veterinarians and specialized agencies working in harmony with Jucidial Police and Justice in the development of veterinary medical legal evidence. The perfect coordination of these efforts can be achieved through appropriate communication which is performed by the expert report. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the occurrence of cases of crimes committed against dogs and cats in the city of Sao Paulo, and develop a model for necroscopy examination report, to be used in these cases. First, it was performed a retrospective review of cases referred to two separate institutional departments dealing with this type of crime in their routine attendance: the Department of Pathology of FMVZ/USP and the Instrumental Analysis Laboratory of the Criminalistics Institute of Sao Paulo (NAI/IC). This survey allowed the visualization of the annual distribution and quantitative and qualitative profile of cases of mistreatment of dogs and cats, in the period of 2003 to 2009. Felines are more affected by the practice of mistreatment than canines; there is no difference regarding gender, predominantly young animals and the agents most commonly used are carbamates. Then it was performed a retrospective study of reports of necropsy examinations, which enabled the elaboration of a model report to be used in the standardization of medical examination reports for autopsy prepared by the Department of Pathology of FMVZ/USP to improve communication between veterinarians and other parties involved in cases of crimes against fauna.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-18T13:18:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 50c.pdf: 611310 bytes, checksum: 08197de5e2df9c6e9b1ed44b5603e607 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-18T13:18:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 50c.pdf: 611310 bytes, checksum: 08197de5e2df9c6e9b1ed44b5603e607 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05 / Nenhuma / A violência contra o idoso é um tema de relevância para a saúde pública, devido, sobretudo, ao crescimento da população acima de 60 anos. Este estudo objetivou fazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema da violência contra o idoso no período de 2005 a 2010. As bases de dados consultadas foram: LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, ISI Web of Knowledge e Academic Search Premier. Um total de 1098 artigos foi encontrado. Após a exclusão dos documentos que não eram artigos, que não estavam disponíveis na íntegra, materiais repetidos e que não abordavam diretamente à temática, restaram 211 artigos que foram analisados de acordo com o tipo de estudo, o país de origem e as subtemáticas mais estudadas dentro do grande tema da violência contra o idoso. Houve um predomínio de estudos quantitativos e, entre os países, Estados Unidos foi o país que mais publicou. As subtemáticas mais estudadas foram agrupadas nas seguintes categorias: 1) estudos de prevalência; 2) fatores de risco e proteção para o abuso; 3) diagnóstico e validação de instrumentos; 4) percepções sobre a violência contra o idoso; 5) conseqüências do abuso; e 6) prevenção e intervenção em situações de abuso. / Violence against the elderly is a topic of relevance to public health, largely due to the 60 years and older population growth. This study aimed to make a bibliographic review on the subject of elder abuse in the period 2005 to 2010. The databases consulted were: LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, ISI Web of Knowledge and Academic Search Premier. A total of 1098 articles were found. After excluding documents that were not articles, were not available in full text, repeated material and material that did not addressed directly the issue, remaining 211 articles were analyzed according to the type of study, country of origin and the most studied sub themes within the major topic of violence against the elderly. There was a predominance of quantitative studies and, between countries, the United States was the country that most published. The most studied sub themes were grouped into the following categories: 1) prevalence studies; 2) risk and protection factors for abuse; 3) instruments’ diagnosis and validation; 4) perceptions about elder abuse; 5) consequences of abuse; and 6) prevention and Intervention in situations of abuse.

A Medicina Veterinária Legal é uma área em crescimento devido à demanda da sociedade na coibição dos crimes contra a fauna. No Brasil, pouco se conhece acerca da magnitude deste problema. Além disso, a investigação dos crimes contra a fauna é dificultada pela baixa disponibilidade de médicos veterinários e de órgãos especializados trabalhando em sintonia com a Polícia Judiciária e a Justiça, na elaboração da prova médico veterinária legal. A perfeita sintonia entre as partes pode ser alcançada por meio da comunicação adequada, que se concretiza por meio do laudo pericial. Assim, o presente estudo propôs-se a estimar a incidência dos casos de crimes contra a fauna praticados contra cães e gatos, em São Paulo, bem como a elaborar um modelo de laudo de exame de necroscopia, para ser utilizado nestes casos. Em primeiro lugar, foi realizado um levantamento retrospectivo dos casos encaminhados a dois órgãos distintos que lidam com esta modalidade de crime em sua rotina de atendimento: o Departamento de Patologia da FMVZ/USP e o Núcleo de Análise Instrumental do Instituto de Criminalística de São Paulo (NAI/IC). Este levantamento possibilitou a visualização do perfil quantitativo e qualitativo dos casos de maus-tratos a cães e gatos, no período de 2003 a 2009. Felinos são mais afetados pela prática de maus-tratos que caninos, não há diferença em relação ao sexo, predominam animais jovens e os agentes mais utilizados são os carbamatos. A seguir foi realizada uma pesquisa retrospectiva de laudos de exames de necropsia, que possibilitou a elaboração de um modelo de laudo, para ser utilizado na normatização de laudos de exame de necropsia elaborados pelo Departamento de Patologia da FMVZ/USP, em casos de crimes contra a fauna, a fim de melhorar a comunicação entre médicos veterinários e as demais partes envolvidas nos processos de crimes contra a fauna. / Legal Veterinary Medicine is a growing field due to the demand of the society in restraint of crimes against fauna. In Brazil little is known about the magnitude of this problem. Furthermore investigation of crimes against fauna is rendered difficult by the low availability of veterinarians and specialized agencies working in harmony with Jucidial Police and Justice in the development of veterinary medical legal evidence. The perfect coordination of these efforts can be achieved through appropriate communication which is performed by the expert report. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the occurrence of cases of crimes committed against dogs and cats in the city of Sao Paulo, and develop a model for necroscopy examination report, to be used in these cases. First, it was performed a retrospective review of cases referred to two separate institutional departments dealing with this type of crime in their routine attendance: the Department of Pathology of FMVZ/USP and the Instrumental Analysis Laboratory of the Criminalistics Institute of Sao Paulo (NAI/IC). This survey allowed the visualization of the annual distribution and quantitative and qualitative profile of cases of mistreatment of dogs and cats, in the period of 2003 to 2009. Felines are more affected by the practice of mistreatment than canines; there is no difference regarding gender, predominantly young animals and the agents most commonly used are carbamates. Then it was performed a retrospective study of reports of necropsy examinations, which enabled the elaboration of a model report to be used in the standardization of medical examination reports for autopsy prepared by the Department of Pathology of FMVZ/USP to improve communication between veterinarians and other parties involved in cases of crimes against fauna.

Notre thèse explore et analyse la situation psychosociale et scolaire d’adolescents victimes de maltraitances dans le cadre d’une approche comparée entre la métropole et la Guyane française. Nous avons examiné comment les apprentissages psycho-éducatifs et l’usage des discours de résilience participent à être thérapeutiques auprès de cette population à la lumière également de la dimension transculturelle (notamment l’impact de l’esclavage pour la Guyane qui reste encore aujourd’hui présent). Cela nous a conduit à mettre en évidence les facteurs individuels, sociaux, et les discours de résilience qui favorisent l'adaptation et le succès de ces jeunes, confrontés à de nombreuses adversités traumatiques de la vie. Notre thèse présente des résultats spécifiques de deux adolescents. Ils nous ont permis ensuite d’élaborer les facteurs communs (capacité d’attachement sécure à la relation, capacité à obtenir le soutien des autres, à avoir des objectifs personnels et/ou collectifs, le sentiment de gestion de ses émotions et affects, la capacité à mettre des mots, à donner du sens, à poser des choix possibles, l’aptitude à utiliser l’humour, etc.) qui corroborent le consensus des chercheurs les plus imminents sur la question même du processus de résilience. Autrement dit, le discours de résilience apparaît comme un facteur prépondérant dans le cheminement thérapeutique. Ainsi les apprentissages psycho-éducatifs et les différents types de discours permettent une manière de conjuguer l’espoir donné au sujet à s’affranchir de son passé traumatique, en lui permettant d’agir par lui-même et pour les autres, dans son présent et en l’autorisant à disposer d’un avenir qui répond à ses attentes. / Our thesis explores and analyses the psychosocial and school situation of teenager victims of abuse in the context of a comparative approach between continental France and French Guyana. We studied how the psycho-educational learnings and the use of resilience speeches be involved as therapeutic treatment for these victims, while considering the cross-cultural dimension (including the impact of slavery in French Guyana, which is still on today ). With regard to our approach, our results enabled us to develop the common factors (ability of safe attachment to the relationship, ability to get the support from others, ability to have personal and/or collective goals, feeling of self-managing their emotions and affects, ability to put words, to make sense, to define possible choices, to use humour, etc.) that corroborate the consensus of the most imminent researchers on the very issue of the resilience process. In light of our results, the psycho-educational learnings and various types of speeches contribute to being critical protective factors, allowing the subject to resist the trauma and to run a therapeutic approach towards the process of resilience. The uniqueness of our research, that is part of a not investigated yet dimension, could open preventive tracks to improve practice and care, and, therefore, promote the resilience of both the individuals, who need to be accompanied, and the community, given the traumatic events experienced in Guyana, especially considering the printed marks left by slavery.

This exploratory study investigates the serving experiences of seven women with work experience in the Victoria, BC restaurant community before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Informed by work from Erving Goffman’s dramaturgical analysis on social performance and Candace West and Don Zimmerman’s ideas on doing gender, my overall goal is to answer the following research question(s): How do women servers in Victoria, BC perceive their restaurant work and has the COVID-19 pandemic influenced their serving experiences? Specifically, if the pandemic has changed the industry, what are these key changes, and might they affect the future of restaurant work? The research findings reveal that Canadian restaurants are gendered worksites, and while the pandemic facilitated some positive changes for servers it also surfaced longstanding restaurant concerns. / Graduate

O presente trabalho procurou analisar a aplicação da Lei Federal de Crimes Ambientais no que concerne aos maus tratos a animais domésticos na cidade de São Paulo. Através da análise do arquivo de processos indeferidos do GECAP, Grupo Especial de Combate aos Crimes Ambientais e de Parcelamento Irregular do Solo Urbano, localizado no Ministério Público de São Paulo, foi lançada uma hipótese acerca da dinâmica estabelecida para averiguação das denúncias, considerando os atores sociais envolvidos nela. Partindo da ideia de que o sistema jurídico é, muitas vezes, uma forma de manutenção do status quo para controle de alguns grupos sociais considerados perigosos à ordem estabelecida na cidade, procurou-se averiguar, com o trabalho de campo organizado em gráficos e tabelas que relacionam renda, número de denúncias e ocupação do espaço nas Subprefeituras da cidade, como o direito ambiental poderia reproduzir uma lógica de criminalização da pobreza. Para isso, buscou-se identificar se existe relação entre espaços considerados periferias e maior número de denúncias. Além disso, por ser um crime que ocorre no espaço privado dos denunciados, a presente pesquisa investigou brevemente as dinâmicas entre privado e público na cidade de São Paulo e se o acesso ao espaço privado é mais facilitado em espaços horizontalizados e de periferia. Nos espaços centrais e verticalizados, o processo de gentrificação, que expulsa os mais pobres das regiões supervalorizadas, concentra espaços de periferia e investigou-se o direito ambiental atuou como forma de denunciar e de expulsar aqueles considerados inadequados à nova configuração estabelecida nesses locais. / The present work sought to analyze the application of the Federal Law on Environmental Crimes in relation to the mistreatment of domestic animals in the city of São Paulo. Through the analysis of the file of rejected cases of GECAP, a Special Group to Combat Environmental Crimes and Irregular Urban Land Installment, located in the Public Prosecutor\'s Office of São Paulo, a hypothesis was launched about the established dynamics to investigate complaints, considering the actors involved in the cases. Starting from the idea that the legal system is often a way of maintaining the status quo to control some social groups considered to be dangerous to the established order in the city, it was tried to ascertain, with the field work organized in graphs and tables that they relate income, number of denunciations and occupation of space in the subprefeituras of the city, as environmental law could reproduce a logic of criminalization of poverty. For this, we sought to identify if there is a relationship between spaces considered as peripheries and a greater number of denunciations. In addition, because this crime occurs in the private space of the denounced, this research briefly investigated the dynamics between private and public in the city of São Paulo and whether access to private space is more facilitated in horizontal and peripheral spaces. In central and vertical spaces, the gentrification process, which expels the poorest of the overvalued regions, concentrates peripheral spaces and investigated the environmental law acted as a way of denouncing and expelling those considered inadequate to the new configuration established in these places.

Ce travail de thèse est consacré à l’étude de la subjectivation et la transmission de la fonction paternelle dans les situations de maltraitance des enfants pris en charge par l’Institut Colombien de Bien-être Familial (Caldas centre zone nord). Pour cela, nous avons formulé trois objectifs spécifiques. 1. Identifier les contenus et les processus psychiques de la fonction paternelle. 2. Différencier parmi ces contenus ceux qui se répètent d’une génération à une autre de manière inconsciente de ceux qui ont été transformés. 3. Reconstituer le contenant psychique familial à partir des contenus psychiques identifiés chez les parents et chez les enfants des familles pris en charge par l’Institut Colombien de Bien-être Familial (Caldas centre zone nord). De sa part, le point de départ de cette thèse a été mes vécus en tant que psychologue dans certaines institutions à visées psychosociales à l’attention des enfants, des adolescents et des familles. C’est là que naît l’intérêt pour la thématique du père et son influence psychique chez les enfants, notamment dans les cas des enfants qui ont subi de la maltraitance. En outre cet intérêt, il y a celui qui a surgi à partir de la recherche que j’ai réalisée au cours de mes études de master. Le sujet de cette recherche était les imaginaires sociaux de la réélection présidentielle en Colombie d’Alvaro Uribe. C’est ainsi que dans sa première partie, cette thèse s’occupe d’analyser le père en tant qu’une institution sociale qui s’est formée au cours de l’histoire du monde occidental. En ce sens, l’analyse est centrée sur le fondement de cette institution qui est compris pour nous en termes d’imaginaire social du père. Cet imaginaire est abordé notamment à propos de la société colombienne. C’est donc dans le cadre de cette société que cette thèse se demande aussi qu’est-ce que la maltraitance et sa prise en charge par l’ICBF. Cela dans l’intention de faire une approche critique aux discours du patriarcat qui traversent des institutions sociales fondamentales en Colombie tels que l’église catholique et la famille. Le chapitre deux de cette première partie vise à faire une reconstitution théorique du concept de fonction paternelle du point de vue de la psychanalyse, spécifiquement chez Freud et chez Lacan. Voilà pourquoi, nous proposons passer de parler de la catégorie d’imaginaire social à celle de fonction paternelle dans la perspective psychanalytique. Dans ce même chapitre, les concepts de subjectivation et de transmission psychique sont développés. La deuxième partie de cette thèse commence avec la description du processus méthodologique. Cette thèse a donc une approche clinique en tant qu’elle étudie ce que les sujets dévoilent de leurs subjectivités dans leurs productions discursives. De l’approche clinique, notamment celle de la clinique psychanalytique, nous ne reprenons pas uniquement son intentionnalité et sa méthodologie de compréhension de l’autre en tant que sujet de l’inconscient. Nous en reprenons de manière particulière la fonction donnée à la parole comme voie d’accès aux positions subjectives. Dans cette logique, le recueil de données, son enregistrement et l’analyse des témoignages comportent un processus global, celui de la production du discours. Il s’agit d’une logique qui nous a permis en tant que chercheurs d’envisager les productions discursives aux niveaux de l’énoncé mais aussi de l’énonciation, pour le dire dans des termes psychanalytiques, au niveau du contenu manifeste et au niveau du contenu latent. Pour réussir cet objectif, nous avons de ce fait utilisé la méthode de l’analyse de discours notamment ce qui concerne l’analyse de l’énonciation. / This thesis is about the subjectivation and psychic transmission of the paternal function in cases of child abuse intervened by the Colombian Family Welfare Institute (Caldas, northern zonal center). This thesis focuses on three objectives: 1) identify the contents and psychological processes of the paternal function; 2) differentiate which of these contents are repeated from one generation to another unconsciously and which of these are transformed; and 3) reconstruct the family psychology based on the psychosocial contents identified in the parents and in the children of the families intervened by the Colombian Family Welfare Institute (Caldas, northern zonal center). The starting point of this thesis was derived by my experiences as a psychologist working at various institutions dedicated to the psychosocial care of children, adolescents and families, which sparked my interest in the subject of the father’s psychological influence on children, specifically in situations of abuse. In addition, another interest resulted from my research during my master's studies was the investigation of the social imaginaries of the presidential re-election of Alvaro Uribe. Chapter 1 of this thesis raises the concern with analyzing the father’s psychology, as a social institution that has been constituted throughout the history of the Western world. In this sense, the analysis focuses on unveiling the foundation of this institution, as the social imaginary of the father, which is particularly prevalent in Colombian society. It is then in this context that this thesis is also asked about the problem of child maltreatment and the intervention by the ICBF. This, with the intention of making a critical approach to the discourses of patriarchy that go through fundamental social institutions in Colombia, such as the Catholic Church and the family. Chapter 2 of this thesis is dedicated to the theoretical reconstruction of the concept of Paternal Function from the psychoanalytic theory, specifically from the perspectives of Freud and Lacan. Under this logic, discussion will move from Social Imaginaries to that of Paternal Function. In this same chapter, the concepts of subjectivation and psychic transmission are developed. Chapter 3 of this thesis begins with the description of the methodological process. It is then a thesis that has a clinical perspective since it reveals their subjectivities through their discursive productions. From this clinical, psychoanalytic perspective more precisely, the methodological logic will be utilized, but its intention to understand the other as a subject of the unconscious. Within this logic, the collection of data, its registration, and the analysis of the collected testimonies, are understood as a global process, that is, the production of discourse. This logic allows researchers to consider the discursive productions at the level of the enunciation, but also at the level of the enunciation, or to put it in psychoanalytic terms, at the level of the manifest content and at the level of the latent content. To achieve this goal, the method of discourse analysis will be utilized, especially the analysis of enunciation.

The aim of this thesis is to examine how ethical dilemmas can be assessed and addressed by the various ethical theories. These are dilemmas experienced by the help workers who encounter within their profession with a group of mistreated and abused children. First part of the thesis provides the description of the specific concepts related to work. The following section is devoted to factors that may influence the emergence of a dilemma and which are reflected within the solutions of the dilemmas. The main part of the thesis deals with the ethical analysis of specific dilemmas identified. Individual dilemmas are analyzed using the literature and ethical approaches. To each dilemma a reflection of its solutions is attached according to ethical theories and ethical codes of the workers from which possible insufficiencies arise. The thesis is concluded by the chapter on the proposed solutions of this situation and the practical benefits of the work.