Observations show that antagonising and depressing relationships among individuals and communities are being experienced. In this regard, against the background of a cursory description of the Hindu life-view, the research examines a Hindu perspective on the pedagogic significance of the relationship structure by means of the phenomenological, exemplaric and historical methods. Since man is always in a situation in the world, which influences his being in the world, an attempt to analyse features of modern society in order to establish their effect on the actualisation of authentic Hindu relationships has been undertaken. Examples of these features are materialism; narcissism and hedonism; egalitarianism and globalism; technocracy; secularism and nihilism; violence and also pessimism. In order to properly understand the Hindu life-view and its relevance with regard to the child's authentic relationships, the relationship between the child and significant others, such as parents, family/relatives, other fellow human beings, educator/teacher, community, himself, objects and God, is presented from a Hindu perspective. An analysis of these relationships reveals that a pedagogic relationship structure can be identified. Relevant components of this structure, such as communication, understanding, trust, authority and religiosity are explained from a Hindu perspective. The thesis demonstrates that authentic (Hindu) relationships make it possible to determine sound education principles. In fact, it is demonstrated that authentic relationships and sound education principles are but two sides of the same coin. As such the vital role, which authentic relationship(s) plays with regard to the actualisation of education principles, is discussed from a Hindu perspective. In concluding the study, several recommendations are made. In the final analysis, it is suggested that poor and meaningless relationships can to a certain extent be seen as a response to disregard particular life-views and focus on the promotion of a global society. Sound relationships, on the other hand, can only be established and maintained by identifying norms and values in a world which has contradictory and confusing values. This means that adults and children ought to obey the demands of their life-view, especially because the relationship structure becomes pedagogically significant in terms of a particular life-view. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Philosophy of Education)

Societies progress: currently, a globalized and computer world, is a postmodern society. In it, the ways of transmitting and socializing culture have changed; new human beings have been developed postmodern individuals with very particular characteristics: they are our students. How to optimize the learning triad (student-teacher-knowledge)? It is not enough to know the contents and be a specialist in the field, it is essential to be aware of the current environment to analyze and understand the characteristics of our students, also called "sons of globalization" or "digital natives". Only then shall we know, also, our own reality as individuals and teachers. This paper seeks to analyze the characteristics of our students and reflect on our role as teachers in a complex and changing environment. / Las sociedades progresan: la actual, en un mundo que comandan la globalización y la informática, es una sociedad postmoderna. En ella, se han modificado las formas de transmitir y relacionar socialmente la cultura; se han desarrollado nuevos seres humanos, individuos postmodernos con características muy particulares: ellos son nuestros alumnos. ¿Cómo optimizamos la tríada del aprendizaje (alumno-docente-conocimientos)? No basta saber los contenidos y ser un especialista en la materia; es indispensable ser conscientes del entorno actual para analizar y comprender las características de nuestros alumnos, también denominados “hijos de la globalización” o “nativos digitales”. Solo así conoceremos, asimismo, nuestra propia realidad como individuos y docentes. El presente ensayo procura analizar las características de nuestros alumnos y reflexionar sobre nuestro papel como docentes en un entorno complejo y cambiante.

(in English): This Diploma work is examining the relation between contemporary social conceptions and aims of education how these are expressed by curriculum documents mainly in Czech Republic. But this relation is not the case of easy and unidirectional impact of social knowledge to educational science. That is why the first part of this thesis is focused on four important postmodern philosophical and sociological concepts differently delimiting as distinct from modern society. General overview of contemporary society change characteristics proceeding from these analyses is the basis of rather different ways of pedagogical thinking followings. With three pedagogical conceptions simultaneously present in nowadays pedagogical discourse, but originally emerged in different eras and different social backgrounds I am trying to point to considerable antinomy demands on present aims of education. I am delineating which phrasings of social reality the contemporary Czech educational policy is rising from. I am stating that the reduction of social reality as background of education in general can lead to formation of ambivalences in suggested educational policy solutions. Finally this diploma work is trying to put forward brief proposals for solution of these new problems of education.

[pt] A pesquisa descreve e analisa os processos de construção e reconstrução das visões de mundo e dos projetos de trabalhadores técnicos de nível médio em seu diálogo com a dinâmica cultural da sociedade na modernidade tardia. Foram entrevistados 20 técnicos de nível médio (16 homens e 4 mulheres), alguns recorrentemente, ao longo de três anos. Foram entrevistados ainda alguns pais e mães e visitadas algumas residências, locais de trabalho e espaços de lazer desses técnicos. Com foco nas concepções dos sujeitos, procurou-se identificar, descrever e interpretar o diálogo desses sujeitos, oriundos de diferentes contextos sócio- culturais, com os padrões culturais e disciplinares modernos encontrados, em diferentes graus e formas, nas famílias, vizinhança, escolas, empresas e nos espaços de sociabilidade e lazer. A pesquisa constatou que, ainda que inseridos no modelo mais geral de homem burguês, os técnicos, tanto os oriundos dos setores populares quanto de setores médios, apresentam universos simbólicos particulares, compostos, de forma híbrida, de práticas e representações selecionados de diferentes grupos sócio- culturais, em função dos eixos articuladores de seus projetos. Inúmeros fatores são descortinados como elementos que orientam tal seleção, desde as configurações familiares e as condições de vida até as características pessoais, passando ainda pelas instituições e práticas vivenciadas. As conclusões do estudo apontam para a clássica tensão entre sujeito, subjetividade e identidade, de um lado e racionalidade, universalidade e vida social de outro, equacionada de diversas maneiras nos vários grupos culturais. No caso dos técnicos investigados foi identificada uma tendência ao favorecimento do pólo da racionalidade, em detrimento do pólo da subjetividade, nas instituições acessadas ao longo de suas trajetórias de vida, como a escola profissional, os sindicatos, as universidades e as empresas. Mas tal tendência não é única e dialoga tensa e intensamente com os valores oriundos da cultura popular através de instituições como a família e a religião, e de espaços como a vizinhança e as redes de sociabilidade. Nesse quadro complexo, os técnicos constroem suas visões de mundo e projetos, plenos de limites mas também de possibilidades. / [en] This research describes and analyses the construction and reconstruction process of secondary level skilled workers world views in their dialogue on the cultural dynamics of the late modern society. The data was collected through interviews with twenty secondary level skilled workers ( sixteen men and four women) some of them for three years following their life histories. Some of the workers´ fathers and mothers were also interviewed in their homes. Interviews also took place at work and in their places of leisure. Focusing on the subjects´ perceptions, the research tried to identify, describe and interpret the dialogue between these workers, which come from different socio-cultural contexts, and the modern cultural and disciplinary patterns encountered in their families, neighborhoods, schools, companies and places of leisure. The research findings show that, belonging to the bourgeois human model, the workers also are influenced by popular groups and also by the middle class. This reveals particular symbolic universes, hybrids, composed with practices and representations chosen from different social groups, institutions and media, and referred in the central elements of their projects. The research also points to various factors which direct these choices, from the familiar configurations to personal peculiarities and the experienced institutions and practices. The conclusions point to the classic tension between the individual, subjectivity and identity, on the one hand and, on the other, rationality, universality and social life - a tension that is differently managed by the various cultural groups. In the case of these workers, a tendency of the institutions accessed by them along their life histories was identified as encouraging the rationality aspects in prejudicing their subjectivity in areas such as educational establishments, trade unions, universities and work place. But this is not the only tendency and the rationality dialogues tensely and intensely with the popular culture values stemming from institutions such as the family and religion and from areas such as the local neighborhood and social networks. In this complex framework the skilled workers compose their world views and projects, full of limits as well as possibilities.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-03-24T17:37:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tiago Nilo.pdf: 765193 bytes, checksum: e198d16f3845fce249b8fc35b08fcc41 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-24T17:37:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tiago Nilo.pdf: 765193 bytes, checksum: e198d16f3845fce249b8fc35b08fcc41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-01-31 / Nenhuma / Este trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar a critica arendtiana referente ao conceito de trabalho de Karl Marx. Segundo Arendt, Marx não faz qualquer distinção entre as atividades do trabalho labor - e da fabricação - work. Isto propiciou uma alteração na quantidade dos produtos fabricados, na natureza do processo de produção e, finalmente, na natureza dos bens produzidos. Nosso intuito consiste, portanto, em investigar como Arendt interpreta a categoria marxiana de trabalho, assim como a maneira pela qual se organiza a sua crítica a este conceito que se encontra no terceiro capitulo de sua obra A condição Humana (1958). / This work aims to investigate the critical Arendt on the concept of work of Karl Marx. According to Arendt, Marx makes no distinction between the activities of labor and work. This provided a change in the quantity of manufactured products, nature of production and, finally, the nature of objects produced. Our aims is thus to investigate how Arendt interprets the Marxian category of labor, as well as the away it organizes its criticism of this concept which is the third chapter of his book The human condition (1958).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edilson Rodrigues Palhares.pdf: 1330577 bytes, checksum: 46bb1c11436b65bfd1c1ca1dea17af4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-25 / Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais / This work analyses the litero-cinematographic Scientific Fiction gender, by Ridley´s Scott movie Blade Runner (1982) cutting out. Its focus is found in the way that this presents the ethic limits of science to the function of a society which mantain itself by the consumism, whose representation hapens in scenography of a forthcoming metropolis (Los Angeles of 2019). The aim is to demonstrate the dichotomic relation in the way the movie was made between mercantilistic production and the author´s movie, and from there its legitimacy as social commitment science fiction, giving way to a reflexive approach concerning ethic limits of science in the actual modern condition. The argument is that, Blade Runner is a work which presents a dispotic future, where the consequences of a capitalistic production based on a science without conscience degraded completely the nature, bringing up great social upsettings and , from the view of the movie unusual retrocessions of labour ways of exploitation. Throughout the research a production process is developed of Blade Runner, his relation and that of Philip K. Dick, the author of the original novel which served as a base, with a scientific Fiction of dispotic approach and the view which is presented by the movie of a future metropolis, in juxtaposition to the concept of liquid-modern society of Zygmunt Bauman. Finally, to point out that, the proposal of Blade Runner offers continuity to Frankenstein novel of Mary Shelley, by bringing up the idea that science needs an ethic consciousness, under Edgar Morin pressuppositios, so that its negative effects do not come back against humanity / Este trabalho analisa o gênero lítero-cinematográfico Ficção Científica, pelo recorte do filme Blade Runner (1982) de Ridley Scott. Seu foco se encontra na forma em que este apresenta os limites éticos da ciência em função de uma sociedade que se mantém pelo consumismo, cuja representação se faz na cenografia de uma metrópole futurista (Los Angeles do ano 2019). O objetivo é demonstrar a relação dicotômica da feitura do filme entre produção mercantilista e cinema de autor, a partir daí sua legitimidade como uma Ficção Científica de comprometimento social, possibilitando uma abordagem reflexiva quanto aos limites éticos da ciência na atual condição da modernidade. O argumento é que Blade Runner é uma obra que apresenta um futuro distópico onde as conseqüências de uma produção capitalista alicerçada em uma ciência sem consciência degradaram por completo a natureza, trazendo grandes transtornos sociais e, sob a ótica do filme, inusitados retrocessos das formas de exploração do trabalho. Ao longo da pesquisa se desenvolve o processo de produção de Blade Runner, a relação deste e de Philip K. Dick, o autor do romance original que lhe serviu de base, com a Ficção Científica de cunho distópico e a visualização que o filme apresenta de uma metrópole do futuro em justaposição ao conceito de sociedade líquido-moderna de Zygmunt Bauman. Por fim, um apontamento de que a proposta de Blade Runner oferece continuidade ao romance Frankenstein de Mary Shelley, por suscitar a idéia de que a ciência necessita de conscientização ética, sob os pressupostos de Edgar Morin, para que seus efeitos negativos não se voltem contra a humanidade

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:52:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edilson Rodrigues Palhares.pdf: 1330577 bytes, checksum: 46bb1c11436b65bfd1c1ca1dea17af4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-25 / Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais / This work analyses the litero-cinematographic Scientific Fiction gender, by Ridley´s Scott movie Blade Runner (1982) cutting out. Its focus is found in the way that this presents the ethic limits of science to the function of a society which mantain itself by the consumism, whose representation hapens in scenography of a forthcoming metropolis (Los Angeles of 2019). The aim is to demonstrate the dichotomic relation in the way the movie was made between mercantilistic production and the author´s movie, and from there its legitimacy as social commitment science fiction, giving way to a reflexive approach concerning ethic limits of science in the actual modern condition. The argument is that, Blade Runner is a work which presents a dispotic future, where the consequences of a capitalistic production based on a science without conscience degraded completely the nature, bringing up great social upsettings and , from the view of the movie unusual retrocessions of labour ways of exploitation. Throughout the research a production process is developed of Blade Runner, his relation and that of Philip K. Dick, the author of the original novel which served as a base, with a scientific Fiction of dispotic approach and the view which is presented by the movie of a future metropolis, in juxtaposition to the concept of liquid-modern society of Zygmunt Bauman. Finally, to point out that, the proposal of Blade Runner offers continuity to Frankenstein novel of Mary Shelley, by bringing up the idea that science needs an ethic consciousness, under Edgar Morin pressuppositios, so that its negative effects do not come back against humanity / Este trabalho analisa o gênero lítero-cinematográfico Ficção Científica, pelo recorte do filme Blade Runner (1982) de Ridley Scott. Seu foco se encontra na forma em que este apresenta os limites éticos da ciência em função de uma sociedade que se mantém pelo consumismo, cuja representação se faz na cenografia de uma metrópole futurista (Los Angeles do ano 2019). O objetivo é demonstrar a relação dicotômica da feitura do filme entre produção mercantilista e cinema de autor, a partir daí sua legitimidade como uma Ficção Científica de comprometimento social, possibilitando uma abordagem reflexiva quanto aos limites éticos da ciência na atual condição da modernidade. O argumento é que Blade Runner é uma obra que apresenta um futuro distópico onde as conseqüências de uma produção capitalista alicerçada em uma ciência sem consciência degradaram por completo a natureza, trazendo grandes transtornos sociais e, sob a ótica do filme, inusitados retrocessos das formas de exploração do trabalho. Ao longo da pesquisa se desenvolve o processo de produção de Blade Runner, a relação deste e de Philip K. Dick, o autor do romance original que lhe serviu de base, com a Ficção Científica de cunho distópico e a visualização que o filme apresenta de uma metrópole do futuro em justaposição ao conceito de sociedade líquido-moderna de Zygmunt Bauman. Por fim, um apontamento de que a proposta de Blade Runner oferece continuidade ao romance Frankenstein de Mary Shelley, por suscitar a idéia de que a ciência necessita de conscientização ética, sob os pressupostos de Edgar Morin, para que seus efeitos negativos não se voltem contra a humanidade

<p>This study is based on interviews with six students from Stockholm that have shared their feelings/opinions about how they experience their identity as a student. The aim of this master’s thesis is to examine how the identity of students is constructed but also how the post modern society affects the life that the students are living. With a higher demand on education and responsibility of making the right decisions, the student’s main concern is not only her studies, but also the goal to succeed in her life. The result points out that the environment which the student lives in has an influence on how the identity develops. The identity has nothing to do with the actually fact that the student studies, but with how the student acts outside the university.</p>

Bakgrund: Under de senaste åren har debatten om ungdomars psykiska besvär hamnat i rampljuset. Undersökningar som gjorts på området visar bland annat att orsakerna, till att ungdomar upplever känslor som ångest, oro och stress, kan vara ökad individualisering och ökad valfrihet. Dagens samhälle erbjuder en rad olika valmöjligheter och livsstilar och det kan för vissa ungdomar vara en utmaning att orientera sig bland dessa.  Syfte: Med redogörelser och resonemang, som beskrivs i uppsatsen, kan man anta att de förändringar som skett, i takt med det moderna samhällets framväxt, har påverkat ungdomarnas situation i samhället. Uppsatsen syfte är att lyfta fram en grupp ungdomar som upplever ett sviktande välbefinnande och presentera deras berättelser för att på så vis synliggöra deras inställning till hur dagens samhälle påverkar deras välbefinnande. Jag vill även skapa en förståelse för hur de rör sig inom och förhåller sig till olika samhällsarenor och sociala arenor. Metod: Studien är baserad på narrativ metod. I de narrativa intervjuerna användes en halvstrukturerad intervjuguide med övergripande teman. Insamling av materialet har skett genom livsberättelser med fem respondenter och under samtalets gång har följdfrågor ställts som varit relevanta i det unika mötet. Teori: Studien lyfter fram begreppen individualisering, främre och bakre region, val av livsstilar, anomi och sociala band. Dessa begrepp har varit till hjälp i analyseringen av materialet, vilket utgörs av ungdomarnas berättelser, samt i besvarandet av syftet och frågeställningarna. Resultat: Resultatet visade att förändringar inom samhällsarenor och sociala arenor har påverkat ungdomarna och deras välbefinnande. De upplever svårigheter i att förhålla sig till omgivningen, arbetslivet och orientera sig bland samhällets olika valmöjligheter. Vidare visar också resultatet att de arenor som är av betydelse för ungdomarnas välbefinnande är sociala relationer och meningsfulla aktiviteter och det är inom dessa som ungdomarna upplever att deras välbefinnande påverkas positivt. / Background: The mental state of adolescents has during the last years ended up in the spotlight. Studies have shown that the causes to the health issues have been increased individualization and increased freedom of choice. The society today offers a variety of options and lifestyles and for some adolescents it could be a challenge to choose among them.   Purpose: With statements and arguments that the study describes, one can assume that the changes that have occurred have affected the situation of the youths in the society. This essay aims to highlight a group of young people with declining well-being and present their stories to thereby display their approach to the way our society has affect their well-being. I also want to create an understanding of how they relates to different social arenas. Methodology: The study is based on narrative methodology. A semi structural interview guide with themes has been used to gathering information from the young people; the data collected consists of five life stories and follow-up questions. Theory: The terms in the study are individualization, front and back stage, the choice of lifestyles, anomie and social bonds. These terms have been helpful in analyzing the narratives and to answer the purpose.   Results: The results showed that the changes within the different social arenas have affected adolescents and their well-being. They experienced difficulties to relate to the environment, work and to orient among various choices of the society. The study also showed that the social arenas that are of importance to the adolescents’ well-being are social bonds and meaningful activities.

Denna studies syfte är att få en ökad förståelse kring hur egenföretagare drar gränser mellan arbete och privatliv i det moderna samhället. Vidare är att få en ökad förståelse kring gränsdragning och hantering av den samt vilken roll det moderna fenomenet Hoffice har som både arbetsplats och arbetssätt. Dessutom belyses hur den ökade friheten och individualismen i samhället påverkar individ och gränsdragning. Studien bygger på fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med egenföretagare som är medlemmar i Hoffice, ett av de nya arbetssätten i Sverige idag. Studien visar att gränsdragningen kan delas in i tre delar, vilka är genom tid och rum samt genom mental gränsdragning. Faktorer som styr gränsdragning är exempelvis kunder, barn och ekonomi, något respondenterna behöver förhålla sig till och inte kan styra över. Gemensamt är att de upplever sig ha en frihet kring att forma sitt liv och sin identitet. Studien visar att det inte finns någon klar gränsdragning mellan arbete och privatliv utan de sammanflätas. Som egenföretagare har de många val de behöver göra både kring sitt företagande och privatliv, det har även framkommit att Hoffice har en betydande roll för respondenternas gränsdragning. / This study aims to get an understanding about how the self-employed draws boundaries between work and private life in modern society and how the boundaries is managed. The purpose of the study is to get an understanding of which role the modern phenomenon Hoffice have as both as a workplace and a workmethod. Furthermore the study illustrate how the increasing freedom and individualism in modern society affects the individual and the boundaries. The study is based on five semi-structured interviews with self-employed workers who are members of Hoffice. The study shows that boundaries can be divided into three parts, by time and space as well as mentally. External factors controlling the boundaries are for example children, finances and customers, something the respondents have to relate to and at the same time have no control over. Common is that the respondents feel they have freedom to shape their own life and identity. The study shows that there is no clear limits between work and private life, they blend together. A self-employed have many choices they have to do both for the business and the personal life, it has emerged that they are helped by Hoffice when it comes to boundaries between work and private life.