Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosEF_DISSERT.pdf: 995177 bytes, checksum: 9410eaadcd9007008d6315880e77910d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-10 / Rogram relying on sociological interface between Economic Sociology, Sociology of Moral Theory of Socialization and Social Stratification, this dissertation research makes use of theoretical contributions Luic Boltanski, Charles Taylor, Axel Honneth, Pierre Bourdieu and Bernard Lahire to problematize the generally about the physical and symbolic production and social reproduction of the type of "economic ethics" predominant in the new petite bourgeoisie Brazilian. In other words, the goal is to explain and analyze the objective conditions (economic needs and moral grammar) and intersubjective (modes of socialization and social networks) and update the social genesis and contextual transcontextual beliefs, biases, inclinations and cultural regularities observed the economic behavior of individual profiles for the fractions of the urban petty bourgeoisie and commercial upward Natal / RN. With regard to methodological strategies adopted in data collection will be conducted qualitative interviews (semistructured) and ethnographic notes. In turn, the analytical treatment of the collected empirical content is based on the approach dispositionalist (Pierre Bourdieu, Lo?c Wacquant and Bernard Lahire) that emphasizes the study of the past embedded agents and the different contexts of incorporation / activation / inhibition of "provisions" individual cultural / Se apoiando em programa sociol?gico de interface entre Sociologia Econ?mica, Sociologia da Moral, Teoria da Socializa??o e Estratifica??o Social, a presente pesquisa de disserta??o se serve das contribui??es te?ricas de Luic Boltanski, Charles Taylor, Pierre Bourdieu e Bernard Lahire para problematizar de modo geral a respeito das condi??es materiais e simb?licas de produ??o e reprodu??o social do tipo de ?tica econ?mica predominante na nova pequena burguesia brasileira. Dito de outro modo, o objetivo ? explicitar e analisar as condi??es objetivas (necessidades econ?micas e gram?tica moral) e intersubjetivas (modos de socializa??o e redes de sociabilidade) da g?nese social e atualiza??o contextual e transcontextual de cren?as, propens?es, inclina??es e regularidades culturais observadas no comportamento econ?mico de perfis individuais relativos a fra??es da pequena burguesia comercial urbana e ascendente de Natal/RN. No que se refere ?s estrat?gias metodol?gicas adotadas na coleta dos dados, ser?o realizadas entrevistas de tipo qualitativo (semiestruturadas) e anota??es etnogr?ficas. Por sua vez, o tratamento anal?tico do conte?do emp?rico coletado apoia-se na abordagem disposicionalista (Pierre Bourdieu e Bernard Lahire) que enfatiza o estudo do passado incorporado dos agentes e os diferentes contextos de incorpora??o/ativa??o/inibi??o das disposi??es culturais individuais

Orientador: Oswaldo Giacoia Junior / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciiêcias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T11:40:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rabelo_RodrigoCumpre_D.pdf: 2368471 bytes, checksum: fff7509f5292c93e001c9735b4a2cc2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O intuito do presente trabalho é procurar, na filosofia de Friedrich Nietzsche, respostas à seguinte linha de questionamento: o que esperar da atividade artística, no plano existencial concreto? Qual é, e/ou qual pode, e/ou qual deve ser a natureza e a extensão do papel da arte na vida humana? A arte parece tão importante no contexto de sua filosofia que muitos estudiosos, notadamente em língua inglesa, chegam a lhe imputar o rótulo de esteticismo. Perceber o que significa dizer isso constitui uma etapa decisiva do presente trabalho. Para tanto, faz-se necessária uma exegese do conceito de arte no pensamento nietzscheano. Aí se determina o primeiro problema no estabelecimento desse inquérito: onde, no amplo, profundo e rico mundo de Nietzsche, focalizar tais indagações e expectativas? Pois a resposta acerca de qual a natureza do conceito de arte no pensamento nietzscheano não teria como ser unívoca: depende, antes de mais, do momento ao qual se escolha se referir, dentro da totalidade da obra por ele legada ?considerando impraticável, respeitando os limites de uma Tese de Doutoramento, analisar o problema ao longo de toda sua obra?. Escolho enfocar preferencialmente o arco mais maduro da obra nietzscheana: de ?A gaia ciência? a ?Ecce homo?. Segundo minha Tese, Nietzsche não rompe com a instrumentalização filosófica da arte ?segundo as mesmas razões pelas quais que ele não propõe, com seu pensar maduro, um esteticismo (conforme demonstro)?. Nesse sentido, Nietzsche é continuador daquela tradição, na medida mesma em que é filósofo, e não esteta ou historiador da arte. Para Nietzsche, aquilo que distingue e eleva a arte e o artista autênticos é aquilo mesmo que ele descreve como sendo a função da arte para o pensador da gaia ciência, para o crítico do ascetismo: a boa consciência para com a aparência. Ao fim e ao cabo, a filosofia nietzscheana não libera a arte da Filosofia, nem a valoriza como um fim em si mesmo. Porém: poderia ela, de alguma forma, vir a proporcionar tal liberação e valoração? Num certo sentido, parece-me que este poderia ter sido, ao menos, um caminho de desenvolvimento de suas idéias, que Nietzsche escolheu não tomar. / Abstract: The purpose of this study is to question the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche in search of answers to the following line of questioning: what to expect from the artistic activity, in the concrete existential plane? What is and/or what can and/or what should be the nature and extent of the role of art in human life? Art seems to be so important in the context of his philosophy that many scholars, especially in the English language community, tend to impute it the label of aestheticism. To understand what such statement really means is a decisive step in the present work. Therefore, it is necessary to proceed to an exegesis of the concept of art in Nietzschean thought. That determines the first problem in establishing such an investigation: where, in the wide, deep and rich world of Nietzsche, to focus such questions and expectations? For the answer about the nature of the concept of art in Nietzschean thought would not be unambiguous: it depends, above all, on the moment to which one chooses to refer, in the totality of his work ?considering to be impractical, as I do, to analyze the whole of the problem throughout it, if one is due to respect the boundaries of a PhD Thesis. Therefore, I choose to focus mainly on the more mature arch of Nietzsche's works: from "The Gay Science" to "Ecce homo". This happens in the last movement of this work, entitled ?Ulterior considerations: toward the existential function of art?. According to my Thesis, Nietzsche does not break with philosophy's instrumentation of the art ?due to the same reasons according to which he does not propose an aestheticism his mature thinking (as I demonstrate) ?. In this sense, Nietzsche is follower of that tradition, to the extent that it is a philosopher and not an aesthete or an art historian. For Nietzsche, what distinguishes and elevates authentic art and artist is the same thing he uses to describe art's function to the thinker of the gay science and the critic of asceticism: the good conscience toward appearance. After all, Nietzsche's philosophy does not release art of philosophy, nor values it as an end in itself. However: could it, somehow, come to provide such a release and valuation? In a sense, it seems to me that this could have been at least one way of developing his ideas, that Nietzsche chose not to take. / Doutorado / Historia da Filosofia Contemporanea / Doutor em Filosofia

La présente étude se propose d’éclairer la signification du corps chez Rimbaud par le biais de son combat spirituel contre le christianisme. Sa méthode pour devenir poète, le « dérèglement de tous les sens » et la richesse des descriptions et des évocations du corps montrent l’importance du corps dans sa poésie. Rares sont les études qui se sont interrogées sur la thématique du corps en relation avec la morale chrétienne. Pourtant, chez Rimbaud, la description du corps est un moyen essentiel d’exprimer sa révolte contre la religion catholique. Notre thèseexamine en premier lieu l’idée du corps selon la morale religieuse de l’époque à travers des documents relatifs à l’enseignement religieux. Elle aborde ensuite les textes de Rimbaud en suivant l’ordre chronologique. Dès ses premiers poèmes en vers, la beauté et l’amour sont définis comme deux valeurs principales du corps, alors que Rimbaud n’hésite pas à fouiller la réalité du corps laid et grotesque placé sous le joug de la morale religieuse et bourgeoise. Il découvre ainsi la force subversive dans la violence de l’énergie physique. Le lien entre sa poétiquedu corps et la religion chrétienne se manifeste dans la richesse poétique de la figure de Jésus, être ambivalent, à la fois spirituel et physique, ainsi que dans la redécouverte de la réalité sensuelle à travers le parcours métaphysique à rebours des valeurs chrétiennes dans Une saison en enfer. Dans les Illuminations, le corps est fragmenté et libéré de la raison par la passion amoureuse pour renaître, même si cet état frénétique de renaissance n’est pas éternel. / The present study aims at clarifying the meaning of the body in Rimbaud’s works through his spiritual battle against Christianity. His method to become poet, "the derangement of all senses" and the affluence of descriptions and evocations of the body demonstrate the importance of the body in his poetry. Few studies analyze the theme of the body in relation to Christian morality. The description of the body is an essential way for Rimbaud to express his revolt against the Catholic religion. This work first examines the idea of the body according to religiousmorality during Rimbaud’s era through documents on religious education. It then analyses the texts of Rimbaud in chronological order. From his earliest poems, beauty and love are defined as two main values of the body, while Rimbaud does not hesitate to explore the reality of the body under the restraint of religious and bourgeois morality. He discovers the subversive force in the violence of physical energy. The link between his poetic of the body and the Christian religion is also proved by the poetic richness of the figure of Jesus in his works, his ambivalentexistence, both spiritual and physical, as well as the rediscovery of a sensual reality in the metaphysical journey against Christian values in A Season in Hell. In the Illuminations, the body is fragmented and liberated from the reason by the passion of love, to reborn, although this frenetic time of rebirth does not last forever.

[pt] Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo analisar a relação que crianças estabelecem com programas televisivos infantis classificados pelo Departamento de Classificação Indicativa do Ministério da Justiça como ER - especialmente recomendados para crianças e adolescentes, tentando entender como elas os avaliam, interpretam e como lidam com os valores intencionalmente veiculados nesses programas. A pesquisa consistiu na realização de dez oficinas de visualização de programas infantis ER, com atividades e registros feitos pelas crianças, no Instituto Tear, uma ONG ligada à arte e educação, além de ponto de cultura, no Rio de Janeiro. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram crianças de 6 e 7 anos, estudantes de escolas públicas, que freqüentavam o Instituto Tear no contra-turno. Os programas exibidos foram: Sítio do Pica pau amarelo, Cocoricó, Juro que vi e Um menino muito maluquinho, Teca na TV, Charlie e Lola e Jakers. As oficinas foram videogravadas e o conteúdo das gravações analisado com o auxílio do programa ATLAS TI. Os resultados indicam que as crianças avaliam os programas exibidos nas oficinas pelo seu conteúdo como bons programas, dirigidos a todas as crianças, os interpretam com muita propriedade, reconhecem os valores e as normas de conduta neles veiculados e lidam com esses valores de acordo com os seus esquemas de assimilação, conforme a teoria piagetiana, tanto do ponto de vista cognitivo, quanto em relação ao desenvolvimento moral. / [en] The objective of this study is to analyze the relation established by children with the children’s television programs classified by Brazilian Justice Ministry as ER - specially recommended for children and teenagers, trying to understand how the children and teenagers evaluate, interpret and deal with the values that are intentionally broadcasted in these programs. The research was based on ten workshops where children could watch ER children`s television series, participate on activities, and make notes. The workshops happened at Instituto Tear, a non-profit organization dedicated to art, education and culture, in Rio de Janeiro. The participants of the research were six and seven years old public school students, who used to go to Instituto Tear after or before school. The programs exposed were: Sítio do Pica pau amarelo, Cocoricó, Juro que vi, Um menino muito maluquinho, Teca na TV, Charlie e Lola and Jakers. The workshops were videotaped and the content of the recordings was analyzed using ATLAS TI software. The results indicate that children evaluate the exhibited programming as good programs. They also recognize the values broadcasted and deal with those values according to their schemes of assimilation, with regard to Piaget`s theories about the cognitive stages and moral development.

Il existe un domaine où Jean-Paul Sartre paraît n’avoir laissé, malgré sa polygraphie, presque aucune trace : la poésie. Mais était-elle dès lors étrangère à sa pensée ? Loin de là selon nous. L’acception de ce mot ne se limite pas chez lui au sens ordinaire d’un genre littéraire, mais elle désigne aussi un mode d’être-dans-le-monde propre au poète-écrivain, qui se résume en choix de l’« échec » ou de « l’impossible ». Même si larvée dans ses écrits, la réflexion de Sartre autour de cette idée nous semble former une systématicité qu’on pourrait appeler un « deuxième Qu’est-ce que la littérature ? » qui, en articulant de manière paradoxale l’esthétisme antihumaniste et la moralité de l’« anthropodicée », trahit parfois le premier — qui ne cesse, pour autant, d’être la pensée de la « littérature engagée ». Dans cette présente étude, suivant de telles lignes conductrices, nous avançons nos analyses en deux étapes. Le premier temps de notre travail sera consacré à l’analyse structurelle de la « poésie » sartrienne, menée d’abord sur le plan du projet existentiel (Partie I), ensuite sur le plan de la création poético-littéraire (Partie II). À cette analyse fera suite le second temps de la recherche, la réflexion sur la portée morale de la « poésie » comprise au sens sartrien (Partie III). / There is a domain in which Jean-Paul Sartre appears not to have left any trace, in spite of his polygraphy: poetry. Was it then strange to his thought? Far from it, in our opinion. In Sartre’s work, this word is not limited to the ordinary sense of a literary genre, but also designates a mode of being-in-the-world specific to the poet-writer, which comes down to the choice of “failure” or “impossibility.” Though it remained latent in his writings, his reflection on this idea seems to form a systematicity of what we could call the “second What is literature?” that, articulating in a paradoxical way the antihumanistic aestheticism and morality of “anthropodicy,” sometimes betrays the first What is literature? — without ceasing to be the thought of “committed literature.” Following these guidelines, in this thesis, we advance our analysis in two steps. The primary phase of our work will be devoted to the structural analysis of Sartrian “poetry,” led first on the level of an existential project (Part I), and subsequently, on the level of a poetico-literary creation (Part II). This analysis will be followed by the second phase of the research, reflection on the moral range of “poetry” understood in the Sartrian sense (Part III).

Barnes's Vagaries Malicieux, and Nin's Delta of Venus, are examples the developing vision of female sex, and both authors use their literary techniques to accomplish their aesthetic vision of amorality. Nin's visions are based on her and her friends' extreme experiences. Her primary concern was expressing her erotic and amorally aesthetic gaze, and the results of her efforts are found in her aesthetic vision of Paris and the amoral lifestyle. Barnes uses metaphor and linguistics to fashion her aesthetic vision. Her technique in "Run, Girls, Run!" both subverts any sense of morality, and offers an interesting and challenging read for its audience. In "Vagaries Malicieux" Barnes's Paris is dark while bright, and creates a sense of nothingness, indicated only by Barnes's aesthetic appreciation.

With this degree project, I want to show that there are contradictions between the duties the teaching profession is committed to following. Duties as in the duty to report, compulsory schooling, or the assignment written in the school's governing document, Lgr 11. I have analyzed the concept of duty through ethics and moral thinking where I have tried to show that it can depend on how one as a teacher values the duties. The analysis and reflection are based on my own experience. To highlight my dilemma, I have formulated three questions based on my story, to investigate in this essay. What does the obligation to report mean for my actions towards students in a vulnerable family situation? How can I understand my reluctance to follow the law regarding the obligation to report? How is my professionalism affected by my reluctance to comply with the obligation to report? I have written a story which gets the reader involved in different situations where my professional knowledge as a teacher at after-school center is challenged. With the help of literature and research, I try to see the events in my story from a distance to get closer to an answer to my questions about the conflict between my duties as assigned by the governing documents and as a fellow human being. An important part of the analysis is to question whether we as teachers need to take into account what actually can happen to pupils as a consequence of our professional action and how we can understand different views that different teachers have about such action. I also discuss a number of difficult emotions accompanying my actions in the story. I want to highlight the importance of being self-critical to be able to see what is at the root of my own feelings when I hesitate to follow the law and the duties the teaching profession is committed to follow. / Med detta självständiga arbete vill jag visa att det finns motsägelser mellan de plikter läraryrket är åtagna till att följa. Plikter som anmälningsplikten, skolplikten eller det uppdrag som står skrivit i skolans styrdokument, Lgr 11, och även lärarens plikter som medmänniska. Jag har analyserat pliktbegreppet och försökt visa hur våra handlingar som lärare kan bero på hur vi värderar plikterna.  Analysen och reflektionen utgår från en egenupplevd berättelse. För att synliggöra mitt dilemma har jag utifrån min berättelse skapat tre frågeställningar. Vad innebär anmälningsplikten för mitt handlande gentemot elever i utsatt familjesituation? Hur kan jag förstå min motvilja att följa lagen när det gäller anmälningsplikten? Hur påverkas min professionalitet av min motvilja att följa anmälningsplikten. Med hjälp av litteratur och forskning försöker jag se händelserna i min berättelse på distans för att komma närmare ett svar. En viktig del av analysen är om vi som lärare behöver ta i beaktning vad som faktiskt händer med den elev som påverkas av våra handlingar samt hur vi kan förstå skillnader i lärarnas olika uppfattningar om sådana handlingar. Jag diskuterar även ett antal svåra känslor som uppstår i samband med mina handlingar i berättelsen. Jag vill lyfta fram vikten av självkritik för att verkligen kunna se vad som ligger som grund för dessa känslor när jag tvekar att följa lagen om anmälningsplikten när det gäller ett barn i utsatt familjesituation.

This diploma thesis is dedicated to the effect of ethical/unethical behaviour of bus companies on the final consumer's decision. The work is composed of two sections. The theoretical part is dedicated to the basic characteristics of ethics, its segmentation, and historical development. The practical section describes an analysis of the four largest bus companies. According to a realized marketing study, criteria are presented based on which customers select bus transportation services and what their opinion is of ethics in business. Finally, the results of the marketing study are presented and on the basis of these results, suggestions are made on establishing penalties in the case of unethical business management.

School leaders are faced with serious moral challenges on a daily basis at schools, which often result in them making poor moral choices. In a situation of moral decay in schools, reports in the news media create the impression that school leaders often fail to demonstrate the necessary values advocated by the Moral Regeneration Movement and the Manifesto of Values, Education and Democracy. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore school leaders’ understanding and reasoning regarding values and morality. For the purposes of the study a number of possible lenses, such as cultural relativism, religious beliefs, ethical subjectivism, classical utilitarian theory, Domain theory, and the ethic of justice, ethic of care, ethic of critique and the ethic of community, were identified and used in analysing the way school leaders reason about moral dilemmas. A design located within hermeneutic phenomenology was used in the study with the aim to understand school leaders’ understanding and reasoning regarding values and morality. A combination of quantitative and qualitative data gathering techniques was used in a concurrent mixed method design using a single questionnaire. The sample for the study consisted of educators enrolled for a formal management training programme. This group was largely homogenous in terms of religion, language, culture and was mainly from rural areas of Mpumalanga. Seventy-three participants took part in the study. It emerged from the data that the espoused theories used by school leaders could be related to the lenses identified in the literature. The school leaders’ espoused theories were mainly based on the ethic of justice and the ethic of care and were aligned to their preferred value orientations. At the espoused theory level, school leaders revealed a strong moral orientation. Further research is indicated to study school leaders’ theory in action. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Fake news has long been a part of the news landscape but has in recent times, as the market for online news has grown, become an increasingly occurring problem in contemporary news media and society. By analyzing the content published by the largest American news organizations this thesis provides an overview of the occurrence of fake news and clickbait on the competitive news market. Competition for the readers' limited attention has been known to create a thirst to be first and may lead to the consequences of unethical behavior by the organizations. But what does that mean? Fake news can be categorized as biased information which in turn can be divided into two parts, misinformation and disinformation. Disinformation is the intentional spread of wrong or biased information and in the scope of this thesis a news site’s intention is determined through its use of clickbait. This study also evaluates the fake news and clickbait present in the most popular news articles by readers in order to see if the competition is increasing the use of tools for competitive advantages within the market for news. With this information it is possible to categorize the news article as one of three stages of morality which in turn is used to evaluate to what degree the organization is fulfilling the ethical aspect of their corporate social responsibility. The study finds that all but one of the explored organizations are fulfilling their ethical responsibility.