This thesis deals with lexical elements of National Socialist language and its aim is to study their lexicographic treatment. The theoretical part first of all sketches the elementary historical connection among language, lexicography and the political regime and it explains the effect of the politics on language through three historical examples, among which the language of the Third Reich is the most important one. As far as the language of the Third Reich is concerned, the attitudes of the NSDAP to language and language maintenance are further explained. The theoretical part is concluded by characterization and overview of the most important lexicographic projects which were implemented during the National Socialism. The practical part focuses on the contemporary lexicographic treatment of certain chosen lexemes which were mostly used during the period of National Socialism. This treatment is mostly based on the comparison of their past and their contemporary meanings and their representation in the contemporary discourse. The various types of discourse are analyzed by the corpus methods developed at the Institute of German Language in Mannheim.

The aim of the thesis is to cover the variability of the protectorate press propaganda in relation to the generational and social belonging of the target readership group. This has been researched through analysing three collaboration newspapers - Arijský boj, Zteč and Přítomnost. Propagandist images have been reconstructed based on an analysis of three large topics, namely depicting the classes of the protectorate intellectuals, the youth and finally the Jewish minority. Except for covering the specific propagandist techniques, the aim is also an attempt to evaluate the perspectives of accepting these images by the protectorate society, and of explaining why they failed. Due to the primary sources that were used in the research, presented thesis affects mainly the period between 1942 and 1945.

The case of supposed (alleged) Ferdinand Peroutka's article Hitler is gentleman which caused on 27th January 2015 at the conference Let My People Live! in Prague president Milos Zeman filled up the Czech news media. The aim of this thesis is to explore and analyse how these case was displayed in the media and how have the media approached to this case. This work is trying to assess the extent of media content in these media, the presence and importance of the communication and is also focused on the deeper meaning of the investigated material. The goal was to bring a sight and aspects of the possible inclination of the media, as an institution, to either side of the dispute. Traditional media like television, radio and press, were the main research sample. In addition to Czech Television it was extended for a second public service medium Czech Radio. As an additional source of traditional media the newspaper Lidove noviny and the magazines Respekt and Reflex were chosen. The main actor of the case is the president of the state and his spokesman who tried to find a allegedly non-existent article. This work will therefore focus on the parsing and the analysis of aspects related to their appearance and action. Ferdinand Peroutka was accused of fascination with Nazism, media did "support" this affair...

This dissertation aims to introduce propagandistic activity of Nazi Germany and Communist Russia, which fundamentally impacted all areas of people´s lives including human culture, which signifies absolute freedom under normal circumstances. Art production was faced with such immense ideological pressure that the artwork became mere tools of the propagandistic regime. In order to fully comprehend the success of the propaganda, the dissertation focuses mostly on the official art production of both regimes and its insertion into historical and psychological context. The dissertation follows the development of both regimes and their art worlds in order to find their basic characteristics, which in turn serve to show the common principles used by the propaganda that managed to manipulate millions of people all over the world under different ideologies.

Com a ascensão do nacional-socialismo em 1933, iniciou-se uma série de medidas como promulgações de leis e criação de tribunais especiais para garantir a manutenção e expansão do poder do regime. Como exemplo da instrumentalização do sistema judicial nacional-socialista e suas consequências no Pós-guerra, destacamos na presente pesquisa os depoimentos de duas vítimas políticas do Tribunal do Povo, Hans Hirzel e Franz J. Müller. Ambos foram integrantes do grupo de resistência estudantil conhecido como Rosa Branca, cuja história contribuiu para o processo de contestação da validade de sentenças penais proferidas neste período. Desenvolvemos um estudo na interface entre as áreas da História (HUDEMANN, 2014; BENZ, 2008; STEINBACH; TUCHEL, 2004; ARENDT, 1989, entre outros) e do Direito (SILVA, 2011; ALEXY 1997; STOLLEIS, 1994; HART, 1958; RADBRUCH, 1946; entre outros), tendo como cerne o conceito de Unrecht (Injustiça extrema). Com base no modelo de análise textual de Christiane Nord (2010, 2009), dos Estudos da Tradução, destacamos a relevância de uma análise multidisciplinar da situação comunicativa e da temática dos textos-fontes para a tradução. Apresentamos uma edição bilíngue de três documentos pertinentes para abordar o conceito estudado nesta pesquisa. Nosso corpus é composto por um ofício enviado em 1983 pela Secretaria de Justiça do Estado Federado de Baden-Württemberg a Franz Müller; seu depoimento ao lado de Hans Hirzel no Parlamento Alemão em 1984, cuja temática central gira em torno da questão da validade do direito e das práticas jurídicas no período do nacional-socialismo, e a Lei de anulação das sentenças da injustiça extrema nacionalsocialista na administração da justiça penal de 1998, medida que anulou retroativamente sentenças penais proferidas por tribunais nacional-socialistas. Trata-se de documentos que registram parte do percurso histórico e jurídico de correção da injustiça nacional-socialista no período do Pós-guerra. Com esta pesquisa, pretendemos viabilizar o acesso a pesquisadores de diferentes áreas do conhecimento a este material inédito em português acerca da validade do direito legalmente produzido em períodos totalitários. / With the ascension of national-socialism in 1933, a series of measures such as promulgation of laws and the creation of special courts were introduced in order to guarantee the maintenance and expansion of the regimes power. As an example of the use of nationalsocialism court system as a power tool and its consequences in the post-war period, in this research we highlight the testimony of two political victims of the People\'s Court, Hans Hirzel and Franz J. Müller. Both were part of the student resistance group known as The White Rose, which has contributed for the contestation of the validity of the criminal judgments issued in this period. We developed a study at the interface between the fields of History (HUDEMANN, 2014; BENZ, 2008; STEINBACH; TUCHEL, 2004; ARENDT, 1989, among others) and Law (SILVA, 2011; ALEXY 1997; STOLLEIS, 1994; HART, 1958; RADBRUCH, 1946; among others) having the Unrecht concept (Extreme Injustice) as the core concept. Based on the model of text analysis of Christiane Nord (2010, 2009), on Translation Studies, we highlight the relevance of interdisciplinary analysis of the communicative situation and the topic of the source texts for translation. We produce a bilingual edition of three documents that are relevant to approach the concept studied in this research. Our corpus consists of an official document sent in 1983 by the Justice Administration of the state Baden-Württemberg to Franz Müller; his testimony beside Hans Hirzel at the German parliament in 1984, which central topic is based on the validity of the law and the legal practices in the period of national socialism, and the Law of annulation of extreme national socialist injustice in the implementation of criminal law, from 1998, measure that cancelled retroactively criminal judgements issued by national socialist courts. These are documents that register part of the historical and legal path of correction of national socialist injustice in the post-war period. With this research, we intend to facilitate the access to researches from different areas of knowledge to this unreleased material in Portuguese about the validity of the Law legally produced in totalitarian periods.

Comment raconter le nazisme aux enfants ? En particulier comment trois auteurs de littérature de jeunesse racontent-ils la guerre ? Chacun des six romans a ses particularités liées à son auteur et à la perception nationale de l'histoire européenne. Les romans de Joseph Joffo se passent en France sous l'occupation allemande et le régime de Vichy ; ceux de Judith Kerr présentent l'exil d'une famille juive allemande en Suisse, en France puis en Angleterre ; ceux de Hans Peter Richter racontent l'ascension du nazisme en Allemagne. La dureté de la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale est rendue supportable par l'instinct de survie des héros : enfants comme tous les autres ils sortent vivants des difficultés et des dangers qu'ils croisent. Ces romans ont à la fois un rôle de mémoire collective et de préparation à la vie. / How to explain Nazism to children? How, in particular, do three youth literature authors talk about war? Each of the six novels has distinctive features related to its author and to the national perception of European history. Joseph Joffo's novels are set in France under the German Occupation and the Vichy Regime; those of Judith Kerr present the exile of a Jewish German family in Switzerland, France and eventually England; Hans Peter Richter's novels describe the rise of Nazism in Germany. The harshness of World War II becomes bearable thanks to the survival instinct of the protagonists: everyday children, prevailing over hardships and dangers. These novels play a dual role, acting as collective memory and preparing for adulthood.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:37:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Carolina de Almeida Scheuer.pdf: 994614 bytes, checksum: 156c6f00475c8a96e71d76d3ef2feb3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-28 / There are some clinical cases that compel the analyst to write about them as a means of working through the events experienced with a certain analysand. Thus, the present paperwork is, above all, the result of the analytical work with a boy and his family, considering the encounters and conflicts that we went through. A boy with a robotic way of walking, with a look that ran through anyone who stared at him and with serious problems of social interaction. During the sessions there were activities of pure, meaningless discharge, a toy house invaded by enemy warriors, lying down on the couch and sleeping soundly. A family who loved war games and movies, admired major dictators and listened to neo-Nazi songs. A German descent analyst trying to understand and to make sense of all these things. In order to try to understand the psychic way of functioning of this analysand and, to some extent, his family‟s as well as the contents that emerged during the analytical process, various concepts elaborated by Melanie Klein and the so-called post-Klein authors are used here as theoretical foundation. Furthermore, a detailed reflection on the way our analytic work was interrupted is presented, taking into consideration the complex short-circuit that came about in the transference and in the counter-transference. If, in the beginning, the identifications between the analyst and the analysand favored the establishment of the transference, they ended up severely obstructing the counter-transference. If we were supposedly alike, we eventually turned out to be totally different, it was no longer possible to keep on walking together. From this estrangement experienced in the analytic relationship, we take a further step to think about the dangerous chaining up between anguish upon facing the different, fear of the stranger/foreigner and, finally, hatred and urge to destroy him. For this purpose, the events that took place in Germany before and during World War II are used as illustrative examples / Há certos casos clínicos que convocam o analista a escrever como forma de elaborar psiquicamente as vivências experimentadas no trabalho com determinado analisando. Assim, o presente trabalho é fruto, acima de tudo, do encontro-desencontro analítico vivido no atendimento de um garoto e de sua família. Um menino com andar robótico, com um olhar que atravessava quem o mirava e com sérios problemas de interação social. Nas sessões, o que havia eram atividades de pura descarga sem sentido, uma casa de brinquedo invadida por guerreiros inimigos e deitar no divã e dormir profundamente. Uma família que adorava jogos e filmes de guerra, admirava grandes ditadores e escutava músicas neonazistas. Uma analista descendente de alemães, buscando entender e dar um lugar para tudo isso. Para tentar compreender o modo de funcionamento psíquico desse analisando e, em alguma medida, de sua família e os conteúdos que emergiram durante o processo analítico são utilizados aqui como referencial teórico diversos conceitos elaborados por Melanie Klein e pelos chamados autores pós-kleinianos. Além disso, é feita uma minuciosa reflexão sobre a maneira como o trabalho analítico foi interrompido, considerando o curto-circuito complexo que se formou na transferência e na contratransferência. Se, no início, as identificações entre analista e analisando facilitaram o estabelecimento da transferência, por fim, elas dificultaram muito a contratransferência. Se éramos supostamente iguais, passamos a ser totalmente diferentes, tornou-se impossível continuar caminhando juntos... A partir desse estranhamento experienciado na relação analítica, é dado um salto para pensar no perigoso encadeamento entre angústia perante o diferente, medo do estranho/estrangeiro e, por fim, ódio e desejo de destruí-lo. Para isso, os fenômenos ocorridos na Alemanha antes e durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial são tomados como exemplos ilustrativos

A Alemanha, sob o nazismo, experimentou um processo de inversão moral que, combinado a outros fatores, como o nacionalismo e o racismo em escala nunca vista, levou o país a cometer crimes sem paralelo na História. A partir da base teórica oferecida por Hannah Arendt e por meio da análise de diários de alemães envolvidos diretamente com o nazismo quer como militantes, quer como simpatizantes, quer como críticos , esta pesquisa procura contextualizar esse processo, discutindo como uma sociedade sofisticada e desenvolvida se deixou envolver pela ideia de que sua sobrevivência, em última análise, dependia da destruição do Outro, isto é, dos povos que não integravam seu ideal de civilização e humanidade. O trabalho dedica-se ainda a observar que a inversão moral foi tão completa e abrangente que envolveu igualmente as vítimas e praticamente impediu que surgisse qualquer forma de resistência organizada. Será dada especial ênfase ao papel do pensamento völkisch, que misturava nacionalismo e romantismo em doses suficientes para tornar a violência um valor positivo, e ao papel da burocracia, que transformou o assassinato numa tarefa como outra qualquer, aliviando consciências e viabilizando o genocídio. / Germany, under the Nazi regime, experienced a process of moral inversion which, combined with other factors, such as nationalism and racism on a scale never seen, led the country to commit crimes without parallel in History. Using the theoretical basis offered by Hannah Arendt and analyzing the diaries written by Germans directly involved with Nazism either as militants, as supporters or as critics this research aims to contextualize this process, discussing how a sophisticated and developed society was caught by the idea that its survival ultimately depended on the destruction of the Other, that is, the people who did not belong to its ideal of civilization and humanity. The work also aims to observe that the moral inversion was so complete and comprehensive that also involved victims and prevented the arising of any form of organized resistance. Emphasis will be given to the role of the völkisch movement, that mixed nationalism and romanticism in doses sufficient to transform violence in value, and to the role of the bureaucracy, which turned the murder into a task like any other, relieving consciences and thus enabling genocide.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T19:29:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 24 / Milton Valente / Como meio de comunicação de massa, a revista Vida Policial constituiu um importante instrumento da Repartição Central de Polícia para a consolidação ideológica e autoritária do Estado Novo no Rio Grande do Sul, determinando, entre outros desígnios, ações de indivíduos sociais contra supostos inimigos que representavam ameaças plausíveis aos olhos das autoridades. Neste sentido, o seguinte trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os elementos aplicados à construção de formas simbólicas, de representações sociais e políticas presentes no imaginário social estadonovista, construídas a partir da retórica policial, entre os anos de 1942 e 1944, período no qual foram editadas as séries Cortando as asas do nazismo e Os Astros da Quinta-Coluna. A análise dos diferentes textos do mensário policial, entre eles artigos, séries policiais e também imagens, pretende compreender a dinâmica das representações e do imaginário sobre o nazismo, construído especialmente pela revista Vida Policial, na tentativa de controlar as consciê / As a mass comunication, the magazine “Vida Policial” (police life) constituted an important instrument of the Central Police Department for the ideological and authoritarian consolidation of the Estado Novo (New State) in Rio Grande do Sul, determining, among other objectivs, the social individuals' actions against supposed enemies that represented plausible threats to authorities’ eyes. The aim of this work is to analyze the applied elements to the construction of symbolic ways in social and political representations present in the social imaginary of the Estado Novo, built from the police’s rhetoric, between the years of 1942 and 1944, period when the series Cortando as asas do nazismo (Cutting the Nazism`s wings) and Os Astros da Quinta-Coluna (The Fifht-column`s Stars) were edited. The analysis of different texts in the police magazine, as articles, police’s series, clusters and images, intends to understand the dynamics of the representations and the imaginary about the Nazism, especially built by the m

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Julio Cesar Silveira da Silva.pdf: 499411 bytes, checksum: a522ce664d7c27643674378f65024a8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Karl Barth (1886 - 1968), a native of Basel, Switzerland, was a Reformed theologian and pastor of exponential expression. Barth had his theological education guided by the primary matrix of theological liberalism. During the First World War, however, before the calamity that has taken place, Barth became disenchanted with the liberal Protestant horizon, with its modern worldview, his theology and his immanentist utopia of social redemption grounded in belief in the progress of reason. The result was the rapprochement of Barth with classical Reformed tradition and the emergence of a theological approach that rescues principles of Christian orthodoxy and updates them with elements of modernity, namely the neo-orthodoxy. However, with the transcendent criterion not reason or aesthetics, but the Word of God attested in Scripture, and Jesus, understood as the incarnation of God as a hermeneutical key. The object of the dissertation, in its material dimension, is the Declaration of Barmer, and in its formal dimension, Barthian theology. The dissertation aims to analyze the historical and political conditions that favored the accession of the German Evangelical Church to the Nazis, and the correlation of positive theological presuppositions of Christianity with the liberal Protestantism. The course in research allows us to conclude that whenever theology loses a sense of the transcendent character and extraordinary revelation, human words are taken as divine. And this is not no harm to the Christian faith. Barth's theology provides a great service by emphasizing the transcendence of God's Word to all human words. Despite dialectically to use them to communicate, it transcends them and puts them into crisis, because it is perfect and eternal as the theologies, philosophies, ethics and policies are imperfect and incomplete. Therefore, the Christian community should be aware that if he wants to be faithful to her calling, she can never align itself automatically to any creed or political party and ideology, but to the Gospel / Karl Barth (1886 1968), natural da Basiléia, Suíça, foi um pastor e teólogo reformado de expressão exponencial. Barth teve sua educação teológica primária orientada pelas matrizes do liberalismo teológico. Durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial, porém, diante da tamanha calamidade que se instalou, Barth se desencantou com o horizonte protestante liberal, com sua cosmovisão moderna, sua teologia imanentista e sua utopia de redenção social calcada na crença no progresso da razão. O resultado disso foi a reaproximação de Barth com a tradição reformada clássica e o surgimento de uma abordagem teológica que resgata princípios da ortodoxia cristã e os atualiza com elementos da modernidade, a saber, a neo-ortodoxia. Todavia, tendo como critério transcendente não a razão ou a estética, e sim, a Palavra de Deus testemunhada nas Escrituras Sagradas, tendo Jesus, entendido como a encarnação de Deus, como chave hermenêutica. O objeto da dissertação, em sua dimensão material, é a Declaração de Barmem, e em sua dimensão formal, a teologia barthiana. A dissertação objetivou analisar as condições históricas e políticas que favoreceram a adesão da Igreja Evangélica Alemã ao nazismo, e a correlação de pressupostos teológicos do cristianismo positivo com o protestantismo liberal. O percurso na pesquisa nos permite concluir que sempre que a teologia perde a noção do caráter transcendente e extraordinário da revelação, palavras humanas são tomadas como divinas. E isso não acontece sem causar prejuízos à fé cristã. A teologia de Barth presta um grande serviço ao salientar a transcendência da Palavra de Deus a todas as palavras humanas. A despeito de se servir delas dialeticamente para se comunicar, ela as transcende e as põe em crise, porque é perfeita e eterna enquanto as teologias, as filosofias, as éticas e as políticas são imperfeitas e incompletas. Portanto, a comunidade cristã deve estar ciente de que se ele quer ser fiel ao seu chamado, ela jamais poderá se alinhar automaticamente a qualquer credo e partido político e ideológico, senão ao Evangelho