Abstract not available. / Thesis (M.A.) - University of Natal, Durban, 2000.

There is a supposition that with the current progress in artificial intelligence (AI), machines that surpass the cognitive functioning of human beings is imminent. There is no doubt that singular human functions can be performed more efficiently by machines. however. the complexity of human functioning involves the simultaneous cognizance of information received through the various senses. The complexity of human functioning is best reflected in the perceptions of Marcel Jousse in The Anthropology of Geste and Rhythm (I997). Whilst proponents of AI envisage the cognitive functioning of the computer surpassing human cognitive functioning, they fail to acknowledge that human cognitive functioning extends beyond mere information processing and expression of predictable responses. The complexity of human expression is influenced by a variety of sensory environmental stimuli as well as previous experience. The fundamental 'law' of the indivisibility of the psycho-physiological complexus of the human composite identified by Jousse, indicates that human memory emanates from human interaction with the environment. The computer is incapable of interacting with the environment in the way that the human being interacts, which implies that it cannot replicate human memory. This study argues that: • The human being operates simultaneously as a psychological, physiological and biological being, which implies that human memory, is simultaneously biological, psychological and emotional. • Human memory arises out of mimism and is biologically rhythmed, and that this rhythm operates in synchrony with the universal cosmoiogicai rhythms. • Computer rhythms do not operate in synchrony with universal cosmological rhythms. which implies that the operation of its memory is very different to that of the human being. Therefore the computer will not be able to replicate human functioning. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2000.

The object of this dissertation is to illustrate the significance of Prana (life breath):- -As it obtains in the oral tradition -With reference to the Aramaic Rouhah -In Pranayama (breath control) -In Surya Namaskar (Obeisance to the sun) The role of Prana in man was recognised and venerated since time immemorial. In the introduction, Prana is perceived as a global, anthropological phenomenon. Chapter one provides a theoretical framework linking Pranato Oral Tradition by focusing on Marcel Jousse and his teachings; the Orality Perspective and the Orality - Literacy interface. Since the earliest record of the terms; yoga, Prana and Pranayama appear in the Vedas, the significance of the Vedas, especially as they exemplify oral expression, is mentioned. Chapter two focuses on: firstly, Prana within the context of yoga and secondly, Prana and its relation to the Aramaic Rouhah. The congruency of thought on the breath suffices to entrench Prana as a global entity. In chapter three, the enhancement of the quality and quantity of Prana via Pranayama (control of the breath) is discussed. Pranayama sets out with the purpose of achieving complete harmonisation of the body-mind axis, and thereby proceeding to the divinisatlon of energy. A cohesive whole is established by three essential and integrated elements; the breath (Prana), the physical gesture (asana) and the spoken gesture (mantra) in Surya Namaskar. Oral features in these elements are analysed in chapter four. The conclusion serves to emphasize that the wealth of oral tradition is amply evident in the concepts of Prana, Rouhah and Prananayama. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1998.

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1991.

This study investigates the trends. modifications and motivations of ukuhlolwa kwezilllombi (virginity testing) among the Zulu in KwaMashu district of Kwa Zulu Natal. The study reveals that:- • Ukuhlolwa kwezillfombi has been historically regarded as a vital social tool to bring pride to the virgin girl, the parents and the community as a whole. • The big motive was to receive the full lobola especially uikomo kamama (the eleventh cow). Urbanization, industrialization, acculturation, education and religious beliefs led ukuhlolwa kwezintombi to its near demise in twenty years ago. • In recent years its resurgence has been noticed in most areas of Kwa Zulu Natal and townships to fight against women abuses, teenage pregnancies and HIV/Aids . • It is met with a variety of views and emotions with others considering it as valuable while others consider it outdated and irrelevant. • Virginity testing is regarded as a custom of cultural value and the country is in the process of African Renaissance. • Regarding the mY/Aids catastrophe, one can count on 'True Love Waits ' and virginity testing as means of prevention. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2000.

Abstract not available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1993.

This thesis is a study of the narrative language of Elsa Beskow, Sweden's most famous children's writer of the early twentieth century. The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute to the understanding of why Beskow's stories are still among the most popular children's books in Sweden, more than a hundred years after her literary debut. My investigation is a quantitative study of word-class distribution, various syntactic features, and readability in four picture-books and four other stories. To begin with, Beskow's language is compared to that of other texts written for young readers, including children's fiction, a contemporary reading-book, and popular comic strips. The results indicate that Beskow has something in common with all of these materials, especially with children's fiction. However, she also has her own style, which is different from the children's fiction I compare with. For example, her sentences are comparatively long and often begin with a conjunction. Moreover, Beskow uses many address phrases and interjectional phrases, and the initial clause-constituent is often some other clause element than the subject. Additionally, Beskow's narrative language is compared to conversational language and to formal prose. The results show that Beskow moves along the whole scale, from conversation to formal writing, depending on what aspect of her language use is considered. In some cases, her style even falls outside of the scale. For example, placing the subject in initial position is less common in Beskow's writing than in both conversation and formal writing. Finally, the variation between Beskow's texts is examined. The analysis shows, among other things, that the oral influences on Beskow's style increased during the five decades she wrote stories.

Submitted by Denize Lourenço (biblicfp@cfp.ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-01-02T14:57:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SÓSTENES RENAN DE JESUS CARVALHO SANTOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFLETRAS 2015.pdf: 1815677 bytes, checksum: ceb8a3306b45a826a4a97f02ec974326 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-02T14:57:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SÓSTENES RENAN DE JESUS CARVALHO SANTOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFLETRAS 2015.pdf: 1815677 bytes, checksum: ceb8a3306b45a826a4a97f02ec974326 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-28 / Nesta dissertação, objetivamos analisar o envolvimento e o desenvolvimento de estudantes numa turma de 9º ano do ensino fundamental a partir de um círculo de leitura, no qual expressaram, em grupo, suas vivências com os textos literários apreciados. Do ponto de vista teórico, serviram de base estudos sobre oralidade, escrita e gêneros textuais ou discursivos (Marcuschi, Bakhtin, Bawarshi, Reiff, Schneuwly, Dolz); reflexões sobre letramento e letramento literário (Kleiman, Cosson, Candido); pesquisas acerca da formação do sujeito leitor (Lajolo, Chiapinni, Geraldi), da fruição da obra de arte literária (Jouve, Barthes, Perrone-Moisés, Abreu), do leitor crítico em relação ao percurso de significação do texto literário (Jauss, Iser, Zilberman, Eagleton), e da constituição da literatura infantojuvenil face ao público em análise (Colomer, Andrade, Machado, Ceccantini). Metodologicamente, optamos por realizar entrevistas com trinta discentes, seguidas de uma pesquisa qualitativa, a partir da qual traçamos um perfil médio do sujeito leitor na referida turma, levando em consideração dados relativos aos aspectos socioeconômicos; à convivência com a leitura dentro e fora do ambiente escolar; às experiências efetivadas com os textos artísticos; às opiniões acerca dos professores e suas práticas com a leitura. Numa segunda etapa, realizamos uma proposta de intervenção que consistiu em favorecer o contato (produtivo e livre de imposições) dos educandos com um número significativo de obras da literatura infantojuvenil, possibilitando sua apreciação pelos leitores e, posteriormente, a partilha inter-subjetiva das leituras, em momentos de expressividade oral durante as aulas. Na análise desse corpus, investigamos relações entre a atividade proposta e a formação de leitores capazes de, na experimentação do texto literário, fruí-lo e desvendar seus sentidos, bem como de se expressarem, de maneira competente, em situação comunicativa que exige certo nível de planejamento da fala. Como resultado, depreendemos a presença de adolescentes em contínua participação em eventos de letramento e com potencial para se constituírem leitores assíduos de literatura e de outras linguagens, desde que sejam motivados a participarem do diálogo com textos que provoquem a sua sensibilidade, favorecendo a conversão da potência leitora na atividade efetiva de ler, compreender e fruir o texto. / In this dissertation, our aim is to analyze the involvement and development of students in an elementary school 9th grade class starting with a circle of reading, in which they express, in group, their experiences with the enjoyed literary texts. From the theoretical point of view, it was taken as a basis studies about orality, writing and textual or speech genres (Marcuschi, Bakhtin, Bawarshi, Reiff, Schneuwly, Dolz); reflections about literacy and literary literacy (Kleiman, Cosson, Candido); researches about the formation of the reader subject (Lajolo, Chiapinni, Geraldi), the enjoyment of the work of literary art (Jouve, Barthes, Perrone-Moisés, Abreu), the censorious reader related to the course of signification of literary text (Jauss, Iser, Zilberman, Eagleton), and the constitution of children and youth literature face to the public in analysis (Colomer, Andrade, Machado, Ceccantini). Our method was to do interviews with thirty students, and then we did a qualitative research, from which we set up a mean profile of the subject reader in the mentioned class, taking into consideration data related to the socioeconomic aspects; to the leading with reading in and outside the school; to the experiences with the artistic texts; to the opinions about the teachers and their practices with reading. As a second step, we carried out an intervention proposal which consisted in favor the (productive and out of impositions) contact of the students with a significant number of works from children and youth literature, enabling its appreciation by the readers and, afterwards, the inter-subjective share of the readings, in moments of oral expressiveness during the classes. By the analysis of this corpus, we investigated relations between the proposed activity and the formation of readers able to, by trying on literary text, enjoy it and unravel its meanings, as well as express themselves, capably, in communicative situation which requires a certain level of speaking plan. As a result, we realized the presence of teenagers in continuous participation in literacy events, and with potential to constitute sedulous readers of literature and other languages, as long as they are motivated to play a part in the dialogue with texts that arouse their sensitivity, enabling the conversion of the reading potency in the effective activity of to read, to interpret, and to enjoy the text.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-01-02T16:20:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALINE HOLANDA VALDEVINO FERREIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFLETRAS 2015..pdf: 1014402 bytes, checksum: a2ef84b73d407b3606994aafa9c240f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-02T16:20:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALINE HOLANDA VALDEVINO FERREIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFLETRAS 2015..pdf: 1014402 bytes, checksum: a2ef84b73d407b3606994aafa9c240f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-09 / Este trabalho trata de uma proposta de letramento promovida por meio da contação de histórias, e teve como objetivo contribuir para o desenvolvimento da linguagem escrita e oral de crianças nas séries iniciais. Para tanto, baseia-se na concepção de letramento como prática social, pois a leitura ultrapassa a decodificação das palavras e se estende para além da leitura de mundo. O letramento é, portanto, condição essencial para uma pessoa atuar na vida social. Assim, a escola como importante agência de letramento pode através de suas práticas reverter o quadro de fracasso escolar relativo à escrita, leitura e oralidade. A investigação foi realizada com alunos do 1º ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola da rede pública da cidade de Crato – Ceará, e se deu em três etapas: 1ª - entrevista com professores de língua portuguesa do 1º ano do ensino fundamental; 2ª- observação das aulas e momentos de contação de histórias, e, por fim, o desenvolvimento de atividades a partir da contação de histórias como proposta para o letramento. Durante a pesquisa nos deparamos com uma dura realidade, principalmente no que diz respeito à estrutura da escola e condições de trabalho, a pouca participação dos pais na escola, dentre outros elementos. Estar inserida no ambiente natural da escola proporcionou sentir e perceber algumas das dificuldades enfrentadas pelos professores no dia a dia. Ao final do trabalho, foram identificados diversos fatores que fragilizam o processo educativo, desde as concepções dos profissionais refletidas em suas práticas, até as condições de trabalho, o que proporciona uma reflexão sobre a educação no Brasil e como superar as dificuldades. Este tema é de grande relevância pedagógica, social e científica, pois foi possível entender que os problemas da educação são bem mais complexos, e exigem um trabalho combinado entre família, escola, governo e os próprios alunos. Como resultado, foi constatado que os significados atribuídos pelos professores ao letramento ainda estão atrelados à alfabetização, o caráter social da linguagem ainda é timidamente tratado, e apesar de reconhecerem o valor da oralidade para esse processo, há ainda dificuldade para elaborar práticas que a contemplem. Em sala de aula, o letramento está presente, porém precisa ser melhor compreendido para que haja maior êxito nos resultados escolares. E, nesse sentido, a contação de histórias tem papel fundamental para o desenvolvimento da oralidade, da leitura e da escrita, assim como para fruição, a formação do ser humano, do ser social, do cidadão. / This work is a proposal literacy through storytelling, and aimed to contribute to the development of written and oral language of children in the early grades. Based on the concept of literacy as a social practice,based on the design of literacy as social practice , because the reading extends beyond the world reading. Literacy is essential for a person to act in society. Thus, the school as an important literacy agency can through their practices reverse the academic failure concerning the writing, reading and speaking skills. The research was carried out with students of the 1st grade of elementary school in a public school in the city of Crato - Ceará, in three stages: 1st - interview with Portuguese-speaking teachers of the 1st year of primary education; 2ª- observation of lessons and moments of storytelling, and finally, the development of activities from storytelling as a proposal for literacy. During the research we face a harsh reality, especially with regard to the school structure and working conditions, little parental involvement in school, among other elements. It was possible to observe the difficulties that teachers face in everyday life. Were identified several factors that undermine the educational process, like the conceptions of professional and their practices, working conditions, providing a reflection on education in Brazil and how to overcome the difficulties. This theme is of great pedagogical relevance, social and scientific because it was possible to understand that the problems of education are much more complex, and require a combined work between family, school, government and the students themselves. As a result, it was found that the meanings attributed by teachers to literacy are still linked to literacy, the social character of language is timidly treated, and while acknowledging the value of orality to this process, there is still difficulty to design practices that contemplate. In the classroom, literacy is present, but needs to be better understood for greater success in school results. In this sense, the storytelling plays a key role for the development of oral, reading and writing, as well as enjoyment, the formation of man, the social being, citizen.

Submitted by Denize Lourenço (biblicfp@cfp.ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-01-03T12:35:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GEÓRGIA THALLMA GOMES RODRIGUES MOTA - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFLETRAS 2015.pdf: 6668669 bytes, checksum: ad9436689f6b9357c147a2f364109397 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-03T12:35:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GEÓRGIA THALLMA GOMES RODRIGUES MOTA - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFLETRAS 2015.pdf: 6668669 bytes, checksum: ad9436689f6b9357c147a2f364109397 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-18 / A transição entre os ciclos do ensino fundamental no Brasil tem se mostrado um momento crítico para os nossos alunos. Diante desse quadro, nossa pesquisa “Oralidade no ensino fundamental: análise de atividades em livros didáticos do 6º ano” surge voltada às possíveis contribuições que um trabalho com a oralidade pode promover para amenizar essa situação. Assim, nosso objetivo de pesquisa visa analisar as propostas de atividades orais presentes nos livros didáticos do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental, em especial com os gêneros orais formais. Para atender o objetivo proposto, utilizamos uma abordagem quantiqualitativa, com pesquisa documental. O corpus selecionado constitui-se de cinco LDLP do 6º ano presentes no PNLD 2014. A partir desse ponto, fundamentamos nosso trabalho nas orientações teóricas de Bakhtin (1997), Marcuschi (2002, 2008 e 2011) Bazerman (2005) Dolz, Schneuwly (2004), Fávero, Andrade e Aquino (2007), Castilho (2012), Milanez (1992) e nos PCN de Língua Portuguesa (2001). Em nossa metodologia, consultamos o guia do PNLD 2014 e o manual do professor de cada volume, identificamos e quantificamos as atividades destinadas ao ensino da oralidade e a produção dos gêneros orais e por fim, analisamos o tratamento didático dado à produção dos gêneros orais formais. Ao final, constatamos a inferioridade do número de propostas com a oralidade no ano/série em questão, bem como observamos a insuficiência e a superficialidade no tratamento dos gêneros orais formais, a partir da exploração das capacidades de linguagem. Destarte, nos propusemos a elaborar um instrumento de intervenção cujo objetivo é auxiliar o professor de língua materna do 6º ano no trabalho com os gêneros orais formais/públicos. / La transición entre los ciclos de la educación básica en Brasil ha sido un momento crítico para nuestros estudiantes. Ante esta situación, nuestra investigación "La oralidad en la escuela primaria: análisis de la actividad en los libros de texto de sexto año" aparezca enfocada sobre las posibles contribuciones a un trabajo con la oralidad puede promover para paliar esta situación. Por lo tanto, nuestro objetivo de investigación es analizar las propuestas de actividades orales presentes en los libros de texto del sexto año de la escuela primaria, especialmente con los géneros orales formales. Para cumplir con el objetivo propuesto, se utiliza un enfoque de coatí cualitativa, con la investigación documental. El corpus seleccionado se compone de cinco LDLP el sexto año presente en PNLD 2014. A partir de entonces, basamos nuestro trabajo en las orientaciones teóricas de Bajtín (1997), Marcuschi (2002, 2008 y 2011) Bazerman (2005) Dolz, Schneuwly (2004), Favero, Andrade y Aquino (2007), Castillo (2012), Milanez (1992) y la PNC Lengua Portuguesa (2001). En nuestra metodología, consultamos la PNLD guía 2014 y el libro del profesor, identificar y cuantificar las actividades dirigidas a la oralidad enseñanza y la producción de géneros orales y por último, analizamos el tratamiento didáctico de la producción de géneros orales formales . Al final, encontramos la inferioridad del número de propuestas a la oralidad en el año / serie en cuestión y señaló la insuficiencia y la superficialidad en el tratamiento de los géneros orales formales, desde la exploración de las habilidades lingüísticas. Por lo tanto, nos propusimos desarrollar un instrumento de intervención cuyo propósito es ayudar al maestro de la lengua materna del sexto año en el trabajo con los géneros orales formales / públicos