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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
361

Avaliação da transferência de imunidade passiva em bezerros de vacas da raça Canchim /

Rocha, Thaís Gomes. January 2010 (has links)
Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a transferência de imunidade passiva (TIP) de vacas Canchim aos seus bezerros. Um grupo experimental foi constituído por 13 vacas primíparas e seus bezerros, e o outro por 13 vacas pluríparas e seus bezerros. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue venoso dos bezerros e secreções lácteas das vacas até 1 hora e 1, 2, 7, 15 e 30 dias após o nascimento/parto. No hemograma, notaram-se alterações características do período neonatal, como redução na contagem de hemácias, teor de hemoglobina e volume globular após a ingestão do colostro, além de aumento na contagem de linfócitos e redução da contagem de neutrófilos segmentados. Os exames bioquímicos séricos revelaram aumento nas atividades de GGT (até 3.746 U/L) e ALP (até 1.030 U/L) e nos teores de proteína total (até 7,77 g/dL), globulinas (até 6,01 g/dL), IgA (até 322 mg/dL) e IgG (até 2.918 mg/dL) após a ingestão do colostro, seguidos por redução gradual nestes parâmetros até os 30 dias de idade. As avaliações bioquímicas das secreções lácteas revelaram alta concentração de todos os componentes colostrais analisados, com redução gradual nos seus teores no decorrer do período experimental, à exceção dos minerais, cujas concentrações oscilaram pouco entre os momentos. A TIP foi eficiente em ambos os grupos de bezerros, e a qualidade das secreções lácteas, embora diferentes entre vacas primíparas e pluríparas, não interferiu na passagem de imunoglobulinas da vaca para o bezerro. / Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the passive immunity transfer from Canchim cows to its calves. One experimental group comprised 13 primiparous cows and its calves and the other group, 13 multiparous cows and its calves. Samples of calves' venous blood and cow's lacteal secretions were collected until 1 hour and 1, 2, 7, 15 and 30 days after birth/parturition. In the hemogram, characteristic alterations of this period, such as reduction in the erytocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and corpuscular volume after colostrum intake and rise in the lymphocyte count and reduction in the neutrophil count were noticed. The serum biochemistry revealed augmentation in the GGT (up to 3,746 U/L) and ALP (up to 1,030 U/L) activities and in the total protein (up to 7.77 g/dL), globulin (up to 6.01 g/dL), IgA (up to 322 mg/dL) and IgG (up to 2,918 mg/dL) concentrations after colostrum intake, followed by a gradual reduction in these parameters until 30 days of age. The biochemical evaluation of the lacteal secretions revealed high concentrations of all the colostral components analysed, with gradual reduction in their concentrations along the experimental period, except for the minerals, which showed little oscillation between the moments. The passive immunity transfer was efficient in both groups of calves, and the quality of the lacteal secretions, although different between primiparous and multiparous cows, did not interfere in the transference of immunoglobulins from the cows to the calves. / Orientador: José Jurandir Fagliari / Coorientador: Alexandre Amstalden Moraes Sampaio / Banca: Eduardo Harry Birgel Júnior / Banca: Daniela Gomes da Silva / Mestre
362

Identificando o Tópico de Páginas Web / Identifying the topic of Web Pages

Lima, Márcia Sampaio 24 April 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T14:03:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO MARCIA.pdf: 794477 bytes, checksum: 2cef05b5eceb08ee3829eec46ac4a278 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-24 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Textual and structural sources of evidences extracted from web pages are frequently used to improve the results of Information Retrieval (IR) systems. The main topic of a web page is a textual source of evidence that has a wide applicability in IR systems. It can be used as a new source of evidence to improve ranking results, page classification, filtering, among other applications. In this work, we propose to study, develop and evaluate a method to identify the main topic of a web page using a combination of different sources of evidences. We define the main topic of a web page as a set of, at most, five distinct keywords related to the main subject of the page. In general, the proposed method, is divided in four distinct phases: (1) identification of the keywords that describe the web page content, using multiple sources of evidences; (2) use of a genetic algorithm to combine the sources of evidences; (3) definition of the three better keywords of the page; and (4) use of a web directory to identify the page main topic. The results of the experiments show that: (1) the best source of evidence used to describe the keywords of a web page is the content link; (2) the proposed method is efficient to identify the main topic of a web page: 0.9129, in a scale of zero to one; and (3) the proposed method is also efficient to automatic classify web pages within the Google directory, reaching 88%±0.11 of precision in the classification task. / Evidências textuais e estruturais que podem ser extraídas dos documentos web são frequentemente usadas na busca pela melhoria da qualidade dos resultados obtidos pelos diversos sistemas de recuperação de informação (RI). O tópico de uma página web é uma evidência textual que possui uma vasta aplicabilidade nesses sistemas, podendo servir como uma nova fonte de evidência para melhorar ranking de páginas web, melhorar sistemas de classificação e filtragem destas páginas, entre outros. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estudar, desenvolver e avaliar um método para identificar automaticamente o tópico de páginas web através da combinação de diferentes fontes de evidências. Definimos o tópico de uma página como sendo um conjunto de, no máximo, cinco termos distintos relacionadas ao assunto principal da página. Em linhas gerais, o método de identificação de tópicos proposto nesta dissertação, está dividido em quatro fases distintas: (1) identificação dos possíveis termos descritores de uma página web, fazendo uso de múltiplas fontes de evidências; (2) utilização de um algoritmo genético na combinação das fontes de evidências usadas; (3) definição dos três melhores termos descritores da página; e (4) utilização da estrutura hierárquica de um diretório abrangente e popular da web com o objetivo de identificar o tópico da referida página. Os resultados obtidos nos experimentos realizados para avaliar o método proposto foram os seguintes: (1) alto grau de importância do uso da concatenação do texto de âncora de links na descoberta dos termos descritores de uma página web; (2) boa avaliação da eficiência do método proposto na identificação de tópicos de páginas web: 0.9129, em uma escala de zero a um; e (3) boa avaliação da utilização de parte do método proposto na classificação automática de páginas web na estrutura hierárquica do diretório Google, atingindo 88%±0.11 de acertos das páginas classificadas. Os experimentos realizados demonstram que o modelo proposto é útil na identificação do tópico de uma página web e também na classificação de páginas na estrutura hierárquica do diretório Google.
363

Jornalismo como trincheira: o discurso crítico de Rachel de Queiroz na revista O Cruzeiro na década de 50 / Journalism as trench: the critical discourse of Rachel de Queiroz in the magazine O Cruzeiro in the decade of 50

Jury, Letícia Arantes 20 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-04-20T14:19:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Letícia Arantes Jury - 2017.pdf: 7064310 bytes, checksum: 78b6c3c1c81621e4684f2fe4d84edb9d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-04-20T14:20:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Letícia Arantes Jury - 2017.pdf: 7064310 bytes, checksum: 78b6c3c1c81621e4684f2fe4d84edb9d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T14:20:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Letícia Arantes Jury - 2017.pdf: 7064310 bytes, checksum: 78b6c3c1c81621e4684f2fe4d84edb9d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-20 / The present work proposes to analyze the critical discourse of the chronicler Rachel de Queiroz in her 'Last Page' column of the magazine O Cruzeiro, in the 50s, and investigate if it is configured as a social practice. She is the journalist who most acted in the Brazilian press, were 70 years old, having started her career in the newspaper O Ceará at age 16 and ended at 93 years in the State. We catalog 496 chronicles and in them we observe the humanitarian intentions of the chronicler in denouncing the neglect with the abandoned childhood and with the Northeastern, retired, victims of the drought. Rachel de Queiroz criticizes racial prejudice in Brazil, Brazilian politics, discrimination suffered by women, lack of appreciation of Brazilian culture and literature. Given the rich and profuse production of the author, we seek to undertake our analyzes from a cut. Thus, our methodological option led to the definition of nine chronicles to proceed with the Critical Discourse Analysis, which contemplate the heart of the present Dissertation: 'journalism as a trench' in the pages of the illustrated magazine of the skyscrapers. / Resumo: O presente trabalho se propõe a analisar o discurso crítico da cronista Rachel de Queiroz em sua coluna ‘Última Página’ da revista O Cruzeiro, na década de 50, e investigar se ele se configura enquanto prática social. Ela é a jornalistas que mais atuou na imprensa brasileira, foram 70 anos, tendo iniciado sua carreira no jornal O Ceará aos 16 anos e encerrado aos 93 anos no Estadão. Catalogamos 496 crônicas e nelas observamos as intenções humanitárias da cronista em denunciar o descaso com a infância abandonada e com os nordestinos, retirantes, vítimas da seca. Rachel de Queiroz faz críticas ao preconceito racial no Brasil, a política brasileira, a discriminação sofrida pela mulher, a ausência de valorização da cultura e da literatura brasileira. Dada à rica e profusa produção da autora, buscamos empreender as nossas análises a partir de um recorte. Dessa forma, a nossa opção metodológica levou à definição de nove crônicas para procedermos com a Análise Crítica do Discurso, que contemplam o cerne da presente Dissertação: o ‘jornalismo como trincheira’ nas páginas da revista ilustrada dos arranha céus.
364

Etudes structurales et fonctionnelles de la pompe d'efflux MexAB-OprM impliquée dans la résistance aux antibiotiques chez Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Structural and functional studies of MexAB-OprM efflux pump involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiotics resistance

Monlezun, Laura 11 December 2012 (has links)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa est un pathogène opportuniste impliqué dans les infections nosocomiales. Sa multi résistance aux antibiotiques s’exerce notamment grâce à l’activation de pompes d’efflux membranaires. Il s’agit de systèmes tripartites composés d’une porine de la famille OMF (Outer Membrane Factor) ancrée dans la membrane externe, d’un transporteur de la famille des RND (Resistance Nodulation Division) localisé dans la membrane interne et d’un adaptateur périplasmique de la famille des MFP (Membrane Fusion Protein) qui consolide l’ensemble. Le travail réalisé au cours de cette thèse apporte une contribution à la compréhension des mécanismes d’assemblage et d’ouverture des pompes d’efflux ainsi qu’à leur régulation grâce au développement de nouveaux outils empruntés à la physique, à la biochimie et à la microbiologie. Une première étude a permis de déterminer la stoechiométrie d’interaction entre MexA et OprM par gel bleu natif (Ferrandez, Monlezun et al. 2012). Une deuxième étude a été consacrée, dans le cadre d’une collaboration avec l’équipe de B. Le Pioufle (ENS Cachan), à la caractérisation par électrophysiologie de l'ouverture de la porine OprM, insérée dans une membrane artificielle reconstituée sur une biopuce (Wang, Monlezun et al. 2012). Puis, afin d’étudier cette fois ci, le mécanisme d’ouverture de la porine OprM in vivo, une étude fonctionnelle par complémentation chez Pseudomonas aeruginosa a été initiée. Enfin, dans le cadre d'une collaboration avec l’équipe de P. Plésiat (Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Besançon), deux analyses de mutants cliniques par modélisation ont été réalisées sur le régulateur MexZ de la pompe MexXY/OprM et de la porine d’influx des carbapénèmes OprD. / Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen involved in nosocomial infections. This bacteria has developed various strategies to resist antibiotics treatments, one of them being the activation of membrane efflux pumps. These tripartite systems consist of an OMF (Outer Membrane Factor) family porin, localized in the outer membrane, an active transporter in the inner membrane, belonging to the RND (Resistance Nodulation Division) family and a periplasmic adaptator protein, member of the MFP (Membrane Fusion Protein) family which consolidates the whole complex. Results obtained during this thesis contribute to a better understanding of efflux pumps’ assembly and opening thanks to the development of new research tools borrowed from physic, biochemistry and microbiology. The first study describes the binding stoechiometry of MexA with its cognate partner OprM by Blue Native Polyacrylamide gel Electrophoresis (Ferrandez, Monlezun et al. 2012). Secondly, a study, in collaboration with B. Le Pioufle’s team (ENS Cachan), was dedicated to the electrophysiologic caracterization of OprM opening using a microfluidic device incorporated with a miniaturized artificial bilayer membrane (Wang, Monlezun et al. 2012). Then, to complete this analysis in vivo, in the third part of this thesis, complementation experiments were initiated in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain deleted of its chromosomal oprM gene. Finally, in collaboration with P. Plésiat’s team (Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Besançon), modelling of MexZ, the MexXY/OprM pump’s regulator and modelling of the carbapenems’ porin OprD were made in order to link structural modifications to mutations observed in clinical strains.
365

Maintainability Evaluation of Single Page Application Frameworks : Angular2 vs. React

Mousavi, Seyedamirhossein January 2017 (has links)
Web applications are subject to intense market forces, fast delivery and rapid requirement and code change. These are the factors that make maintainability a significant concern in any and especially web application development. In this report we develop a functional equivalent prototype from an existing Angular app, using ReactJs and afterward compare their maintainability as defined by ISO/IEC 25010. The maintainability comparison is made by calculating maintainability index for each of the applications using Plato analysis tool. The results do not show a significant difference in the calculated value of the final products. Source code analysis shows that changes in data flow need more modification in the Angular app, but with the objective oriented approach provided by Angular, we can have smaller chunks of code and thus higher maintainability per file and respectively a better average value. We conclude that regarding the lack of research and models in this area, MI is a consistent measurement model and Plato is a suitable tool for analysis. Though maintainability is highly bounded to the implementation, functionalities which are provided by the Angular framework as a bundle is more appropriate for large enterprises and complex products where React works better for smaller products.
366

"Goodness is the only investment that never fails" : En studie om hur Volvo Cars kommunicerar CSR på sin webbplats / "Goodness is the only investment that never fails" : A study about how Volvo Cars communicate CSR on their website

Hultén, Manne, Rommel Benedikt, Lukas January 2018 (has links)
Idag implementerar allt fler företag CSR-strategier i sina verksamheter. Trots att många konsumenter tycker att det är viktigt att företag engagerar sig i hållbarhetsfrågor är det ändå inte speciellt många som är medvetna om vilka som engagerar sig och hur de engagerar sig. Att kommunicera kring sitt engagemang blir därför en avgörande faktor för organisationer som vill skapa trovärdighet och förstärka sitt varumärke. Tidigare forskning pekar på att det är en svår och komplicerad uppgift att kommunicera kring CSR. Syftet med denna uppsats är att få en ökad förståelse för hur biltillverkaren Volvo Cars kommunicerar CSR på sin webbplats. Studien undersöker både hur kommunikationen är uppbyggd utifrån textens stil och meddelandets innehåll men också hur frekvent företaget kommunicerar sitt ekonomiska, sociala och miljömässiga engagemang samt hur kommunikationen är inramad mot företagets primära intressentgrupper utifrån de tre motiven från triple bottom line-teorin. Volvo Cars är intressant att undersöka i detta sammanhang eftersom företaget är en del av en bransch som har en stor inverkan på miljön. Dessutom beskriver företaget sig själv som aktiv deltagare i hållbarhetsfrågor. Studien har genomförts genom en tillämpning av två kvalitativa innehållsanalyser och en kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Data har hämtats från Volvo Cars landningssida för hållbarhet och från företagets hållbarhetsrapport från 2015. Materialet har analyserats utifrån triple bottom line-teorin, intressentmodellen och ett konceptuellt ramverk för CSR-kommunikation. Uppsatsens resultat visar att Volvo Cars CSR-kommunikation är relationsbyggande och innehåller ett förhållandevis komplicerat och “tungt” språk. Företaget kommunicerar sitt engagemang kring miljö mest frekvent och kommunikationen är inramad väldigt olika till de respektive intressentgrupperna. / Today, more and more companies are implementing CSR-strategies into their businesses. Although many consumers find it important that companies engage in sustainability issues, there are still not that many who are aware of who engages and how they engage. Therefore, it is essential for organizations to communicate about their CSR engagement in order to create credibility and maximize business returns. Previous research show that communicating CSR is a difficult and complicated task. The purpose of this thesis is to create an increased understanding in how the car manufacturer Volvo Cars communicates its CSR commitment on their corporate website. The study examines how the communication is structured based on style and message content, how often Volvo Cars communicate their economic, social and environmental commitments and how the communication is framed to various stakeholder groups based on the three motives from the triple bottom line theory. Volvo Cars is interesting to investigate in this context since the company is part of an industry that has a major impact on the environment. In addition, the company also describes itself as an active participant in sustainability-issues. The study has been conducted by using two qualitative and one quantitative content analysis. The data was collected from Volvo Cars landing page of sustainability and from the company's sustainability report from 2015. The data has been analyzed based on the triple bottom line-theory, the stakeholder model and a conceptual framework for CSR-communication. The findings of this thesis show that Volvo Cars CSR-communication is relationship building and contains a relatively complicated and “heavy” language. The company communicates its commitment about environment most often and the communication is framed very differently to various stakeholder groups.
367

"L'Ombre de votre espérance" : repères pour une histoire plastique des revues d'artistes expérimentaux au XXe siècle / "Shadow of Hopes" : landmarks For a Plastic History of Experimental Film Journals In the XXth Century

Pierron, Andréa 26 September 2017 (has links)
Cette thèse de doctorat se consacre à l’analyse de périodiques créés au cours du XXe siècle par des cinéastes et des plasticiens à l’œuvre dans le champ des avant-gardes et du cinéma expérimental. Les revues forment des objets plastiques et spéculatifs, complexes et composites de par les relations qui se nouent entre le texte et l’image, les montages qui se créent et le défi que constitue la transposition des images filmiques. En quoi ces revues d’artistes témoignent-elles d’une recherche expérimentale ? Comment les revues d’artistes participent-elles à une histoire critique et plastique des formes cinématographiques ? L’étude tente de comprendre les manières originales dont les cinéastes et les plasticiens se saisissent des revues afin d’élaborer, défendre, documenter, objectiver et analyser certains paradigmes cinématographiques. À quels titres les revues deviennent elles-mêmes des propositions expérimentales, des laboratoires de recherche sur les liens entre l’image et le texte ? Nous observerons comment, grâce à leurs propositions techniques, graphiques et visuelles propres, les revues exposent certains enjeux matériels, poétiques, plastiques et théoriques propres à l’image cinématographique, comment elles questionnent le regard. Les revues offrent des plateformes de diffusion et de dissémination esthétiques, servent à ouvrir des réseaux de circulation pour les idées, singulières ou collectives, des rédacteurs en chef. Comment accompagnent-elles leurs efforts dans la construction d’un milieu cinématographique alternatif ? Les revues Dada I de Tristan Tzara et Hans Arp (1916), Dada Sinn der Welt de John Heartfield et George Grosz (1921), Le Promenoir de Jean Epstein, Pierre Deval et Jean Lacroix (1921-1922), G. für elementare Geschaltung de Hans Richter (1923-1926), Close Up du groupe Pool composé de Kenneth Macpherson, Bryher et H.D. (1927-1933), Film Culture de Jonas Mekas (1955-1996) et Cantrill’s Filmnotes d’Arthur et Corinne Cantrill (1971-2000) forment le corpus de cette thèse qui vise à contribuer à une histoire plastique des publications expérimentales. / This PhD thesis focuses on analyzing periodicals created during the XXth Century by both visual artists and filmmakers operating in the realm of avantgardes and experimental cinema. The journals become plastic, conceptual, complex, and composite objects because of the interplay between text and image as well as the reproduction of images and realization of photomontages. How these artists’ journals show signs of an experimental approach ? How do artists’ journals contribute to the critical and plastic history of film ? The dissertation aims to understand the unique ways the visual artists and filmmakers make use of the journals to create, defend, document, visualize and analyze some cinematic paradigms. To what extent the journals become in turn experimental works about the relationships between text and image ? We will study how magazines exhibit various plastic, aesthetical, theoretical, and poetical dimensions at stake in the cinematic image, relying on specific technical, graphic and visual undertakings, and how they call into question the perception. Journals become instrumentalized in ensuring the movement of the editors’ ideas, either collective or indivuals. How do journals support the editors’ efforts in building an alternative cinema domain ? Dada I edited by Tristan Tzara and Hans Arp (1916), Dada Sinn der Welt by John Heartfield and George Grosz (1921), Le Promenoir by Jean Epstein, Pierre Deval and Jean Lacroix (1921-1922), G. für elementare Geschaltung by Hans Richter (1923-1926), Close Up by Kenneth Macpherson, Bryher and H.D. (1927-1933), Film Culture by Jonas Mekas (1955-1996) and Cantrill’s Filmnotes by Arthur et Corinne Cantrill (1971-2000) form the corpus of this PhD thesis, which aims to contribute to a plastic history of experimental publications.
368

Device and Service Discovery in Bluetooth Networks

Persson, Albin, Karlsson, Jimi January 2002 (has links)
In view of Bluetooth?s growing popularity a lot of research is being done to improve the performance of Bluetooth. Most of the research being performed prerequisites that a connection has already been made. Due to the frequency hopping spread spectrum used by Bluetooth the connection establishment is not as easy as it seams. Two processes have been derived to bridge the frequency discrepancies between devices, inquiry and page. In this thesis, we study the inquiry and page processes and the time it takes to complete a connection with no, one or two voice channels present at the initiating device. We have found the times to complete the processes to be lengthy at best, unreasonably long if there is voice traffic present. Through optimisation, we have decreased the mean time to connect. We propose some changes to the default values of a few time outs and variables, which yields a substantial improvement in performance, especially in the case when there is voice traffic present. The changes are in the software only, no changes in hardware are necessary. After a connection is made a client may want to start using the services of the device it is connected to. This is another topic of this thesis. Bluetooth does not provide means of accessing a service, only discovering it. Thus, there is the need for higher-level protocols for accessing services. We have investigated some of the service discovery protocols currently available. / Med tanke på Bluetooth-teknikens växande popularitet bedrivs mycket forskning för att förbättra Bluetooth-teknikens prestanda. Den mesta delen av forskningen förutsätter att en uppkoppling redan skett. På grund av frekvenshoppningstekniken som används i Bluetooth är detta inte så lätt som det låter. För att överkomma frekvensskillnaden mellan enheter används två processer, inquiry och page. I denna uppsats studerar vi inquiry- och page-processerna och studerar tiden det tar att slutföra en uppkoppling med ingen, en eller två tal-kanaler redan uppkopplade. Vi har funnit att tiden det tar är i bästa fall lång, om det finns tal-kanaler uppkopplade är tidsåtgången oacceptabel. Genom optimering av en del variabler och time-outs har vi lyckats reducera uppkopplingstiden, speciellt i fallet med tal-kanaler redan uppkopplade. Våra föreslagna ändringar är endast i mjukvaran, inga hårdvaruändringar är nödvändiga. Efter att uppkopplingen är slutförd kommer användaren att vilja börja använda de tjänster som erbjuds. Detta är en annan del av uppsatsen. Bluetooth-tekniken tillhandahåller inte något sätt att tillgodogöra sig tjänster, bara att upptäcka dem. Därför behövs det protokoll för att lösa detta. Vi har undersökt en del av de så kallade "service discovery"-protokoll som finns tillgängliga idag
369

Performance Evaluation of PHP Frameworks (CakePHP and CodeIgniter) in relation to the Object-Relational Mapping, with respect to Load Testing

Fayyaz, Ali Raza, Munir, Madiha January 2014 (has links)
Context: Information technology is playing an important role in creating innovation in business. Due to increase in demand of information technology, web development has become an important field. PHP is an open source language, which is widely used in web development. PHP is used to develop dynamic web pages and it has the ability to connect with database. PHP has some good features i.e. cross platform compatibility, scalability, efficient execution and is an open source technology. These features make it a good choice for developers to choose PHP for web development. The maintenance of an application becomes difficult and performance being considerably reduced, if PHP is to be used without using its frameworks. To resolve these issues, different frameworks have been introduced by web development communities on the internet. These frameworks are based on Model, View, Controller design pattern. These frameworks provide, different common functionalities and classes in the form of helpers, components, and plug-in to reduce the development time. Due to these features like robustness, scalability, maintainability and performance, these frameworks are mostly used for web development in PHP, with performance being considered the most important factor. Objectives:The objective of this thesis is to compare and analyze the affect of data abstraction layer (ORM) on the performance of two PHP frameworks. These two frameworks are CakePHP and CodeIgniter. CAKEPHP has built-in support of object-relational mapping (ORM) but CodeIgniter has no built-in support of object-relational mapping (ORM). We considered load testing and stress testing to measure the performance of these two frameworks. Methods: We performed the experiment to show the performance of CakePHP (with ORM) and CodeIgniter (no ORM) frameworks. We developed two applications in both the PHP frameworks, with the same scope and design and measured the performance of these applications, with respect to load testing, with automated testing tool. The results have been obtained by testing the performance of both the applications on local and live servers. Conclusions:After analyzing the results we concluded that CodeIgniter is useful for small and medium sized applications. But CAKEPHP is good for large and enterprise level applications, as in stress conditions the CAKEPHP performed better than CodeIgniter on both local and live environment.
370

Att optimera för målgruppen : Processen att skapa en målgruppsanpassad landningssida för Rebtel / Optimizing for a user group : The process of creating a landing page for a target user group

Ledenvik, Elin January 2014 (has links)
Företaget Rebtel ville ha en ny landningssida som riktade sig till internationella studenter. Denna sida skulle vara optimerad för målgruppen både gällande design och innehåll. En förundersökningen bestående av bland annat intervjuer med målgruppen, målgruppsanalyser och research gjordes därför. Förundersökningen bestod också av intervjuer med olika roller på företaget Rebtel för att få en inblick i olika arbetsrollers perspektiv och uppgifter under en sådan process. Med hjälp av förundersökningens fynd togs skisser fram och en landningssida utvecklades bland annat genom programmeringsspråken HTML5, CSS3, LESS, JavaScript, .NET och C#. Resultatet blev en landningssida på tre språk: Engelska, Franska och Spanska. En särskild rapport med resultat från intervjuer, utveckling med mera levererades även till Rebtel. / The company Rebtel wanted a new landing page that was aimed at international students. This page would be optimized for the target group in terms of both design and content. An investigation including interviews with the target audience, target user analysis and research were made. The investigation also consisted of interviews with various roles at the company Rebtel, to get an insight into their perspectives and tasks during this kind of process. Using the findings from these investigations sketches were made and a landing page was developed through the programming languages HTML5, CSS3, LESS, JavaScript, .NET and C#. The result was a landing page in three languages: English, French and Spanish. A special report with results from interviews and development was also delivered to Rebtel.

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