The purposes of this study were to test the effect of four-week PACE&copy / program in increasing participants&rsquo / physical activity level and stages of change and examine the relationship between physical activity level and stages of change. A controlled trial, experimental design was applied. Physical activity level and stages of change were recorded at baseline and at study conclusion. For the data collection What is Your PACE Score Questionnaire, FADA Questionnaire and Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR&ndash / Q) were used. Descriptive statistics, one way repeated measures of ANOVA and simple linear correlation were used to analyze data. Participants were 182 women Middle East Technical University personnel from different units. Study participants were randomized into intervention and control groups. 87 women received the PACE&copy / program were compared 95 women in the control group who did not receive PACE&copy / program. The intervention group received PACE&copy / program with respect to their stages and a booster phone call or e-mail two weeks later after counseling. After 4 weeks, all participants were reassessed for stages of change and physical activity level. There was a significant difference in measurement of physical activity level and stages of change between intervention and control group before and after intervention. The intervention group&rsquo / physical activity level (p &lt / .05) and stages of change (p &lt / .10) increased but the control group decreased. Besides, changes in physical activity level were moderately and positively correlated with stages of change.

Title of the thesis: Pace of game in women's single tennis matches at Australian Open 2017 Aim of the thesis: The aim of the thesis is to find out pace of game in women's single tennis matches at Australian Open 2017. Other partial objectives are folowing: compare pace of game in the first, the second and the third round matches with pace of game in quarterfinal, semifinal and final matches, compare pace of game in individual sets and also compare pace of game after the first and the second serve. Methods used in the thesis: The main method was notational analysis based on indirect observation of video records of 23 matches at Australian Open 2017. Rally duration, number of shots in the rally and time between points were measured during the matches. Pace of game and work-rest ratio within the game were calculated. Achieved results: Mean pace of game was 1,21  0,21 s. Mean rally duration was 5,43  4,10 s. Mean number of shots in the rally was 4,47  3,00 shots. Mean time between points was 21,24  3,69 s. Mean work-rest ratio within the game was 1 : 4,03  5,41. The difference between final and initial round matches was 0,07 s, in favour of final round matches. No significant differences were found out in observed variables among individual sets. Pace of game did not change after the first and the...

Les sociologues s’accordent pour constater l’émergence de nouveaux rapports au temps, mais débattent des marges de manœuvre différenciées dont disposent les individus face à ces phénomènes. L’hypothèse que la vitesse de déplacement puisse être un levier est confortée par les études montrant que nos sociétés ont maîtrisé l’espace-temps grâce à l’amélioration des transports d’information et de marchandises. Cependant, peu de travaux empiriques abordent le sujet à l’échelle de l’individu. Cette thèse, qui repose sur une combinaison de méthodes qualitatives et quantitatives, a pour objectif de compléter ces recherches à travers l’étude des modes de transport utilisés et des pratiques spatiales quotidiennes en Île-de-France. Cette approche micro-sociale montre que l’augmentation du nombre et de la durée des activités hors du domicile n’est pas corrélée à une hausse des vitesses, mais à une diminution des distances parcourues pour se rendre à certaines activités. Ceci s’explique par les logiques de localisation des activités des individus. Pour celles auxquelles ils accordent de la valeur, ils maximisent la qualité de la destination, ce qui passe par l’utilisation de modes motorisés rapides. Pour les activités secondaires, ils minimisent leur temps de trajet en les localisant à proximité d’activités structurantes, ce qui induit l’usage de modes plus lents. Comme l’articulation entre ces deux logiques est plus aisée dans Paris qu’en banlieue, l’adoption d’un rythme de vie plus élevé et d’une planification plus souple y est facilitée. Plus que l’accès à la vitesse, ce sont les territoires de résidence qui induisent des disparités dans les marges de manœuvre face au temps / Times studies agree on the fact that our society is currently undergoing changes in terms of pace of life, but debates arise as to the uniformity of such changes within the population and individuals’ scope of action in the face of said phenomena. Given that society as a whole mastered time and space through the rise of transport speed, one is tempted to assume that it is also the case on the individual level. However, few empirical studies have taken it upon themselves to analyze the impact of speed in daily mobility on individuals’ pace of life. Using a combination of statistical analysis and in-depth interviews, this thesis aims at providing supplementary insight into the topic by analyzing transport modes and mobility patterns of inhabitants of the Greater Paris region. Through this micro-social analysis, we show that the more out-of-home activities people do, the lower their average speed in the course of a day is, whilst the average distance to a destination also decreases. This can be explained by the way they choose their destinations. For activities which are meaningful to them, they maximize the utility of their destination by using fast transport modes. For ancillary activities, they minimize travel time by locating them in the direct vicinity of their high-value activities, which prompts the use of slower modes. Finally, we show that the combination of these two rationales is easier in the center than in the suburbs, thus facilitating a high pace of life and more improvised schedules in the former. Hence, more than access to speed, it is residential location which induces disparities between people in their ability to deal with time demands

Title: Comparison of selected characteristics of men's matches on international level of a lower category Objectives: The objective of this thesis is to find out what the game pace was at Maia Open 2019 and at RPM Prague Open 2019, and to compare the difference in game pace from matches in the first rounds to matches in the final rounds of the tournament (the semifinal and final), then compare match characteristics between tournaments and find out effect of a serve on game pace. Methods: The methods used in this thesis are indirect observation and system notation analysis. When evaluating the overall average of all variables from 10 matches at Maia Open 2019, the number of players was N = 17, with an average placement of ATP M = 442,8 ± 272,0. When evaluating the overall average of all variables from 10 matches at RPM Prague Open 2019, the number of players was N = 13, thereof players N = 8 with an average placement of ATP M = 529,0 ± 77,6 and players N = 5 with an average placement of ITF M = 832,6 ± 578,6. The monitored variables were rally time, time out length and the number of hits. The game pace was calculated from the rally time and the number of hits. The relationship load was evaluated from the time out lenght and the rally time. Results: The average game pace is 1,36 s at Maia Open 2019....

Orientador: Luciani Ester Tenani / Resumo: Esta tese busca compreender a relação existente entre o emprego de vírgula considerado “erro”, conforme gramática normativa, e os efeitos de sentidos percebidos por meio desses empregos em enunciados escritos produzidos em ambiente escolar. Para tanto, este trabalho objetivou investigar as possíveis relações entre sentidos do enunciado escrito e o emprego não-convencional de vírgula por meio de análises qualitativas desse tipo de uso de vírgula. O corpus desta pesquisa conta com vinte textos de dez alunos em processo de escolarização no final do Ensino Fundamental e no início do Ensino Médio em uma escola situada no interior de São Paulo e outra no interior do Acre, respectivamente. Fez-se tanto a descrição dos textos que compõem o corpus desta pesquisa como dos contextos de produção desses. Posteriormente, levantou-se os usos de vírgula nos textos classificando-os, sintaticamente, conforme prescrição da norma vigente, como convencionais ou não convencionais. Entre estes últimos, foram observados usos desta pontuação tomados como “erros” na gramática prescritiva, por exemplo: emprego de vírgula entre sujeito e predicado, nome e complemento, verbo e complemento etc. Os dados de uso não convencional passaram por análise lógico/semântica para averiguar as possíveis relações dessa natureza indiciadas por meio dos usos de vírgula pesquisados. A escolha metodológica em analisar os usos não-convencionais de vírgula justifica-se por possibilitarem a recuperação de processos linguísti... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This thesis arose from the need to identify and understand reasons why students present difficulties in using a comma in a recurring manner. To identify and understand these reasons, this study objectived to investigate the unconventional use of comma in texts of students in the process of schooling at the end of Elementary School and in beginning High School. We consider that the function of the school is to contribute to the student reaching the standard norm in order to manipulate his writing in a conscious way that the arrangements made in writing produce several meanings depending on, among other aspects, the use of the comma. In order to achieve this objective, we have researched what is recommended in the official national and state education documents for the conventional use of the comma, and we are confronted with occurrences of comma in the texts of students of the last year of Elementary School in the State of São Paulo and texts by students of the first year of High School in the State of Acre, Brazil. After surveying the conventional and unconventional uses of the comma, we relate these uses with genres requested to produce the texts and seek to establish relations with the conditions of written production, based on indications that answer our questions. In order to interpret the data, we start from the theoretical framework about one of the types of literacy, the school, because they are institutionalized reading and writing practices that constitute as a right... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Projekt av ett förslag på Operahus vid Stadsgårdskajen i Stockholm med nischning mot ljus- och videoinstallationer. Den publika ytan framför byggnaden integreras med de administrativa aktiviteterna i Operahuset i ett programmerbart landskap.

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L'apprentissage des connaissances spatiales ne figure pas dans les curriculum d'enseignement, au delà du cycle 2. Il est remplacé par celui de la géométrie des figures élémentaires. Cette absence laisse enfants et adultes démunis dans de nombreuses situations nécessitant l'usage ou la production de représentations spatiales de la vie courante ou professionnelle. Par ailleurs, l'enseignement de la géométrie au collège constitue pour un trop grand nombre d'élèves un obstacle à l'apprentissage des mathématiques.<br />La thèse est une étude des liens entre ces deux phénomènes et une tentative pour ouvrir des voies de solution à ce problème. <br />L'étude montre comment le contrat didactique de l'enseignement de la géométrie repose sur la fiction culturelle de la transparence des rapports spatiaux dans l'apprentissage de la géométrie élémentaire ; il appartient à l'élève seul de se constituer et de mettre en oeuvre les connaissances nécessaires à la compréhension de la géométrie enseignée; or ces connaissances ne sont pas « naturellement » acquises dans notre société par les interactions usuelles avec l'environnement spatial ; en cas d'échec cette fiction ne permet à l'enseignant que des remédiations inefficaces et/ou le conduit à en rejeter la responsabilité sur l'élève. <br /> L'étude théorique s'appuie sur la théorie des situations didactiques développée par G Brousseau. <br /> Les auteurs proposent de distinguer trois principaux types de rapports à l'espace appelés problématiques : la problématique pratique, la problématique de modélisation « spatio-géométrique », la problématique géométrique (déductive ou théorique). Ils montrent par de nombreux exemples comment l'absence de prise en compte ou d'articulation de ces problématiques dans l'enseignement les constitue en obstacles à l'apprentissage.<br />Pour construire des situations d'enseignement permettant le dépassement de la problématique pratique, les auteurs reprennent et étendent l'analyse des représentations de l'espace introduites par G. Galvez et G. Brousseau, micro, meso, et macro-espaces..<br />Ils développent à cet effet plusieurs processus expérimentaux, sur l'enseignement des plans, sur l'enseignement des angles et de leur mesure, sur l'introduction des raisonnements sur les figures élémentaires, et une analyse comparée de plusieurs situations d'introduction à la démonstration au collège.

<p>In a time when a host of new and untested democracies seek membership in international organisations founded on liberal norms, the question of how to include new members without jeopardizing community values has become of growing concern, particularly as the regulation of practices in sovereign states often relies on soft moral or political commitment rather than on hard legal obligation. The Council of Europe’s (CoE) monitoring of new members after entry represents a soft method of socialising newcomers. In the case of Ukraine, this process has been unusually difficult, and full of strife and open confrontation. This experience runs contrary to the belief that soft regulation is either harmonic or impossible. The aim of the thesis is to explore how a regulated process of inclusion develops over time, and to discuss how such a process can safeguard community values.</p><p>The study shows that an interactive dynamic developed between the European and the Ukrainian levels. The political struggle in Ukraine was, through the actions of the political opposition in Ukraine and the CoE’s monitors, transformed into a contest in the CoE over how to interpret Ukraine’s membership promises. European values were protected by the evolution of a mode of governance based on responsiveness to local concerns and on public discussion. In the process, the legal and political systems of the CoE and Ukraine were intertwined in ever more complex webs of dialogue. By being grounded in both the Ukrainian and European political discourses, the process was able to sustain a critical discussion on the terms of the agreement and maintain its relevance for the actors involved. The monitoring process displays how community values and autonomy of a member state can be combined in an unexpected way without resulting in a hierarchical order. This may not fulfil the requirements of the international rule of law, but it is clearly a case of soft and responsive transnational regulation of state practices.</p>

In a time when a host of new and untested democracies seek membership in international organisations founded on liberal norms, the question of how to include new members without jeopardizing community values has become of growing concern, particularly as the regulation of practices in sovereign states often relies on soft moral or political commitment rather than on hard legal obligation. The Council of Europe’s (CoE) monitoring of new members after entry represents a soft method of socialising newcomers. In the case of Ukraine, this process has been unusually difficult, and full of strife and open confrontation. This experience runs contrary to the belief that soft regulation is either harmonic or impossible. The aim of the thesis is to explore how a regulated process of inclusion develops over time, and to discuss how such a process can safeguard community values. The study shows that an interactive dynamic developed between the European and the Ukrainian levels. The political struggle in Ukraine was, through the actions of the political opposition in Ukraine and the CoE’s monitors, transformed into a contest in the CoE over how to interpret Ukraine’s membership promises. European values were protected by the evolution of a mode of governance based on responsiveness to local concerns and on public discussion. In the process, the legal and political systems of the CoE and Ukraine were intertwined in ever more complex webs of dialogue. By being grounded in both the Ukrainian and European political discourses, the process was able to sustain a critical discussion on the terms of the agreement and maintain its relevance for the actors involved. The monitoring process displays how community values and autonomy of a member state can be combined in an unexpected way without resulting in a hierarchical order. This may not fulfil the requirements of the international rule of law, but it is clearly a case of soft and responsive transnational regulation of state practices.