Thesis (PhD) -- Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The process route for the production of base and platinum-group metals from natural sulfide ores commonly requires the conversion of high-iron furnace matte into an iron-lean converter matte. This is followed by pre-treatment through cooling of the iron-lean molten matte, physical processing of the solidified matte and hydrometallurgical metal extraction. Lonmin is the third largest producer of platinum-group metals in the world and utilizes Peirce-Smith converters for blowing high-iron furnace matte with air to a final iron concentration or endpoint. The molten matte is water granulated and solidification occurs via fast-cooling. The solidified matte is ground in a closed circuit ball mill with hydrocyclone classification and subjected to first stage atmospheric leaching. The specification of an ideal or desirable converter iron endpoint requires careful consideration. Most importantly, it must ensure the crystallization of converter matte with mineralogical qualities that are within the setpoints of the downstream unit processes and techniques. An additional consideration is for the final blown converter matte to achieve an optimum bulk concentration of the base metals Ni and Cu and platinum-group metals Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru and Ir. Mattes characteristic of variable iron endpoints were regularly produced at the Lonmin converter plant section. Uncertainty by plant metallurgists in knowing the desirable iron endpoint, particularly within the context of the Lonmin base metal refinery, and poor control has had detrimental effects on the mineralogical quality of the final matte and hence on the processing characteristics of the solidified matte particles downstream. A desirable iron endpoint required investigation, selection and implementation at Lonmin. The primary focus of this study was therefore to quantify the effect of a specific iron endpoint on the mineralogy and mineral chemistry of solidified converter matte. A fundamental examination of the solidification process upon cooling was regarded as critical to an in-depth understanding of the attained mineralogy and mineral chemistry as a function of a specific iron endpoint. It became equally important to quantify the effect of the resultant mineralogy, and hence iron endpoint, on the physical property of mineral structures in relation to downstream grinding, liberation and leaching characteristics. Despite considerable industry context, limited in-depth and coherent studies on the effect of a specific iron endpoint on fast-cooled converter matte systems were found in both industrial and scholarly literature. Previous findings in literature offered a limited quantitative understanding of the effect on mineralogy and mineral chemistry. Phase and cooling equilibria of multi-component, iron endpoint specific Ni-Cu-S matte systems were also not fully available. These would have been particularly useful in understanding the complexities of converter matte solidification as a function of iron endpoint. Physical property knowledge of converter matte mineral structures was hardly available and even less so in relation to grinding, liberation and leaching processes. A comprehensive investigation was therefore required to address these extensive knowledge gaps with respect to fastcooled converter matte systems in an industrial framework. Three Peirce-Smith converter production samples, representative of the extent in variability of iron endpoints attained at the converter plant, were used in a systematic investigation coupled to a novel combination of modern analytical techniques, computational thermochemistry and metallurgical testwork. The modern analytical techniques included the application of high resolution transmission electron microscopy and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy tomography. Computational thermochemistry was applied through the use of MTDATA phase diagram software. Metallurgical testwork involved laboratory batch grinding at various specific energies. Closely associated leach experiments were also considered relevant to this wide-ranging investigation. The Peirce-Smith converter samples investigated were indicative of mattes that attained specific endpoints of 5.17%, 0.99% and 0.15 weight% Fe. The highest combined bulk concentration of the important base and platinum-group metals was achieved in the matte which attained a specific iron endpoint of 0.99%. The mineralogy of all three converter mattes was dominated by nickel sulfide mineral structures matched to the natural mineral of heazlewoodite. Mineral structures of copper sulfide, NiCu-alloy, spinel and OsRu-alloy were also constituents of the different converter mattes. The attainment of a specific iron endpoint was found to result in measurable mineralogical differences with respect to relative mineral abundances, external morphological characteristics and mineral chemistry. The mineralogical differences were particularly distinct between mineral structures of the high (5.17%) and low (0.99% and 0.15%) iron mattes. Subtle mineralogical differences were evident between mineral structures of the low iron mattes. The 0.99% Fe matte was characteristic of a significantly higher NiCu-alloy relative abundance, compared to the 5.17% Fe matte. The NiCu-alloy structures were found to act as the primary collectors of the economically significant platinum-group metals. Mineralogical observations were used to develop an understanding of the underlying mineralization mechanism of NiCu-alloy structures. High-fidelity color and grayscale 3D reconstructions were produced of the resultant mineralized structures. It was shown theoretically that variations in iron endpoint specific starting compositions of oxygen-free liquid matte systems alter the solidification pathway towards the eutectic. Moreover, a quantitative understanding of liquid phase solidification of the high and low iron matte systems, including oxygen, was developed to within ±2.5 oC. Most of the specific energy available for grinding was expended breaking the nickel sulfide matrix, particularly of the high iron matte. The breakage rates of copper sulfide mineral structures in the 5.17% Fe matte were calculated to be higher than in the 0.15% Fe matte at 25kWh/t specific energy. The degree of copper sulfide liberation was shown to be higher for the 5.17% Fe matte than for the 0.15% Fe matte at the same specific energy of grinding. A higher degree of Ni extraction and Cu cementation could be achieved when leaching low iron matte particles. The production of converter matte attaining a specific iron endpoint of 0.99% was found to be the most suitable with respect to endpoint selection criteria. A practical iron endpoint range of 1.6% to 1.0% was recommended for the production of converter matte with a resultant mineralogical quality within the constraints of the Lonmin base metal refinery. This study offers an integrated understanding of base and platinum-group metals production as a function of a desirable iron endpoint at Lonmin. This was not previously available in metal production literature. New technology for the monitoring and consistent control of such a practical iron endpoint range can subsequently be implemented. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die prosesroete vir die produksie van onedel en platinumgroepmetale uit natuurlike swawelertse vereis gewoonlik die omsetting van ’n ysterryke hoogoondmat in ’n ysterarm omsettermat. Hierna volg voorbehandeling deur die afkoeling van die ysterarm gesmelte mat, fisiese verwerking van die soliede mat, en hidrometallurgiese metaalekstraksie. Lonmin is die derde grootste produsent van platinumgroepmetale ter wêreld en gebruik Peirce-Smith-omsetters om ysterryke hoogoondmat met lug te blaas totdat dit ’n finale ysterkonsentrasie- of ystereindpunt bereik. Die gesmelte mat word met water granuleer, en solidifikasie vind deur middel van snelafkoeling plaas. Die soliede mat word in ’n geslotekringbalmeul met hidrosikloonklassifikasie gemaal en aan eerstestadium- atmosferiese loging onderwerp. Die spesifikasie van ’n ideale of gewenste ystereindpunt verg deeglike oorweging. Bowenal moet dit verseker dat die omsettermat kristalliseer met mineralogiese eienskappe wat binne die setpunte van die eenheidsprosesse en - tegnieke verder af in die prosesstroom val. ’n Bykomende oorweging is dat die uiteindelike geblaasde omsettermat ’n optimale massakonsentrasie van die onedel metale Ni en Cu en die platinumgroepmetale Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru en Ir moet bevat. Matte met die kenmerke van wisselende ystereindpunte is gereeld by die Lonminomsetteraanleg geproduseer. Die onsekerheid van metallurge by die aanleg oor die gewenste ystereindpunt – veral binne die konteks van die Lonmin-raffinadery vir onedel metale – sowel as swak beheer het ’n nadelige uitwerking gehad op die mineralogiese gehalte van die uiteindelike mat, en dus ook op die verwerkingskenmerke van die soliede matdeeltjies verder af in die prosesstroom. Die bepaling van die gewenste ystereindpunt het sorgvuldige ondersoek, seleksie en toepassing deur Lonmin vereis. Hierdie studie is dus hoofsaaklik uitgevoer om die uitwerking van ’n spesifieke ystereindpunt op die mineralogie en minerale chemie van soliede omsettermat te kwantifiseer. ’n Grondliggende ondersoek na die solidifikasieproses by afkoeling is as noodsaaklik beskou vir ’n diepgaande begrip van die verworwe mineralogie en minerale chemie as ’n funksie van ’n spesifieke ystereindpunt. Mettertyd het dit egter ewe belangrik geword om die uitwerking van die gevolglike mineralogie, en dus die ystereindpunt, op die fisiese eienskappe van minerale strukture met betrekking tot maling-, vrystellings- en loogprosesse verder af in die prosesstroom te kwantifiseer. Ondanks heelwat bedryfskonteks, het nóg bedryfs- nóg vakkundige literatuur veel diepte- en samehangende studies oor die uitwerking van ’n spesifieke ystereindpunt op snelafgekoelde omsettermatstelsels opgelewer. Vorige bevindinge in die literatuur het boonop ’n beperkte kwantitatiewe begrip van die uitwerking op mineralogie en minerale chemie getoon. Die fase- en afkoelingsekwilibriums van ystereindpuntspesifieke Ni-Cu-S-matstelsels met veelvuldige komponente was ook nie ten volle beskikbaar nie. Dít sou veral goed te pas gekom het om die kompleksiteite van omsettermatsolidifikasie as ’n funksie van ystereindpunt te verstaan. Kennis van die fisiese eienskappe van die minerale strukture van omsettermat was kwalik beskikbaar, terwyl selfs minder inligting oor maling-, vrystellings- en loogprosesse opgespoor kon word. Daarom was ’n omvattende ondersoek nodig om hierdie beduidende kennisleemtes met betrekking tot snelafgekoelde omsettermatstelsels in ’n nywerheidsraamwerk aan te vul. Drie Peirce-Smith-omsetterproduksiemonsters wat die wisselende bestek van ystereindpunte by die omsetteraanleg verteenwoordig, is in ’n stelselmatige ondersoek gebruik, tesame met ’n vernuwende kombinasie van moderne ontledingstegnieke, gerekenariseerde termochemiese bewerkings en metallurgiese toetswerk. Die moderne ontledingstegnieke sluit onder andere in hoëresolusie-transmissie-elektronmikroskopie (HRTEM) en gefokusdeioonstraalskandering-elektron-mikroskopie (FIB SEM) tomografie. Die gerekenariseerde termochemiese bewerkings is met behulp van MTDATAfasediagramsagteware uitgevoer. Metallurgiese toetswerk het die maling van laboratoriumlotte teen verskillende spesifieke energieë behels. Nou verwante loogproefnemings is ook as relevant vir hierdie omvattende studie beskou. Die bestudeerde Peirce-Smith-omsettermonsters het op matte met spesifieke eindpunte van 5.17%, 0.99% en 0.15 gewig% Fe gedui. Die hoogste gekombineerde massakonsentrasie van die belangrike onedel en platinumgroepmetale is in die mat met ’n spesifieke ystereindpunt van 0.99% gevind. Die mineralogie van ál drie omsettermatte is oorheers deur die minerale strukture van nikkelsulfied, wat met die natuurlike mineraal heazlewoodiet ooreenstem. Die verskillende omsettermatte het ook die minerale strukture van kopersulfied, NiCu-allooi, spinel en OsRu-allooi bevat. Daar is bevind dat die verkryging van ’n spesifieke ystereindpunt tot meetbare mineralogiese verskille in die relatiewe volopheid van minerale, die eksterne morfologiese kenmerke sowel as minerale chemie lei. Die mineralogiese verskille was veral duidelik te sien tussen die minerale strukture van die ysterryke (5.17% Fe) en ysterarm (0.99% en 0.15% Fe) matte. Fyn mineralogiese verskille is ook tussen die minerale strukture van die ysterarm matte bespeur. Die 0.99% Fe-mat het tipies beduidend meer NiCu-allooi as die 5.17% Fe-mat bevat. Die NiCu-allooistrukture tree oënskynlik op as die hoofversamelaars van die ekonomies belangrike platinumgroepmetale. Mineralogiese waarnemings is gebruik om ’n begrip te ontwikkel van die onderliggende mineralisasiemeganisme van NiCuallooistrukture. Die gevolglike gemineraliseerde strukture is met behulp van driedimensionele rekonstruksies met hoë kleurgetrouheid sowel as in grysskaal voorgestel. Daar is teoreties aangetoon dat variasies in ystereindpuntspesifieke beginsamestellings van suurstofvrye vloeibare matstelsels die solidifikasieroete na die eutetikum wysig. Daarbenewens is die vloeifasesolidifikasie van die ysterryke en ysterarm matstelsels, wat suurstof insluit, op sowat ±2.5 oC gekwantifiseer. Die meeste van die spesifieke energie wat vir maling beskikbaar was, is gebruik om die nikkelsulfiedmatriks te breek, veral vir die ysterryke mat. Berekeninge toon dat die breektempo’s van die minerale strukture van kopersulfied by die 5.17% Fe-mat hoër was as by die 0.15% Fe-mat teen ’n spesifieke energie van 25 kWh/t. Die mate van kopersulfiedvrystelling was hoër by die 5.17% Fe-mat as by die 0.15% Fe-mat by dieselfde spesifieke energie vir maling. ’n Hoër mate van Ni-ekstraksie en Cu-sementasie is verkry toe ysterarm matdeeltjies geloog is. Wat eindpuntseleksiemaatstawwe betref, is die produksie van ’n omsettermat met ’n spesifieke ystereindpunt van 0,99% as die mees geskikte aangewys. ’n Praktiese ystereindpuntbestek van 1.6% tot 1.0% word aanbeveel vir die produksie van ’n omsettermat met ’n gevolglike mineralogiese gehalte wat binne die perke van die Lonmin-raffinadery vir onedel metale val. Hierdie studie bied ’n geïntegreerde begrip van die produksie van onedel en platinumgroepmetale as ’n funksie van ’n gewenste ystereindpunt by Lonmin. Hierdie inligting was nie voorheen in literatuur oor metaalproduksie beskikbaar nie. Nuwe tegnologie vir die monitering en konsekwente beheer van so ’n praktiese ystereindpuntbestek kan dus op grond hiervan in werking gestel word.

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Filosofía mención Epistemología. / En la presente tesis se examina una posible relación entre el problema de la Abducción y el del Conocimiento tácito, tal como fueron expuestos por C.S. Peirce y M. Polanyi respectivamente. En el Capítulo I se estudia la idea de abducción basándose en las ideas de C.S. Peirce. La abducción consiste en una regla de inferencia que intenta dar cuenta de la creación de una hipótesis explicativa frente a un "hecho sorprendente" , es decir, un hecho que no es explicado o aparece en contradicción a las teorías existentes para analizar dicho fenómeno.

An analysis of expression- and content-oriented passages of the Torah: Texts of the Torah in the semiotic perspective of Charles S. Peirce, Yuri Lotman and Umberto Eco The aim of the presented thesis is to introduce the basic semiotic concepts of Charles Sanders Peirce, Yuri M. Lotman and Umberto Eco. These ideas should be beneficial for the interpretation of the Bible in the Czech republic and Slovakia: particularly in the Old Testament area. The thesis also proposes a new classification of the Torah's texts, and so identify, which functions could be subserved by the particular text. Finally, we intend to draft a new, slightly different model of exegesis, which could help us find new interesting interpretations of the Old Testament texts. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This practiced-based thesis examines how a new Visual Communication methodology helps interaction designers to improve their future designs. This is achieved by engaging in creating visual interpretations from a lived experience that they need to design for, to reveal the phenomenological essence of what users have actually experienced, rather than what they say they have. This new Visual Phenomenological Methodology (VPM) places interaction designers into a specific communicational situation, in order to understand the phenomena of users’ lived experience ‘through their eyes.’ Thus immersed, interaction designers montage visual interpretations of what users saw/felt/did in the lived experience. The VPM facilitates interaction designers into designer-interpreters, who can interpret sensory data into a behavioural story of what its like to be the user in a lived experience. This thesis has developed the VPM across three peer reviewed, practice-based projects, using a synthesis of the pragmatic semiotics of Peirce, Hermeneutic Phenomenology, and visual communication techniques. Following the Frascaran view that the design discipline of Visual Communication (graphic design and illustration) is a positive facilitator of behavioural change, the VPM employs this hermeneutic-semiosis synthesis to facilitate interaction designers to develop a deeper and emergent understanding of the hidden motivations behind user behaviour. Through a contextual review into Visual Communication, Interaction Design, Phenomenology and Semiosis, this thesis develops the VPM from a theoretical concept, to a set of designer-friendly method cards that interaction designers can employ during their ideation phase. Throughout its development the VPM and its method cards were workshopped and peer reviewed by interaction designers. This thesis, over the following seven chapters, demonstrates how the VPM successfully provided Visual Communication design with a fresh way to re-influence Interaction Design, as a new contribution to knowledge.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Fanti.pdf: 828003 bytes, checksum: 3e213bba325ca24cf9ccb50e72ac6fc1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work aims to address some aspects of the concept of clearness in the work of Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), as opposed to the one consolidated view in the History of Philosophy, known as Rationalism, undertaken by René Descartes (1596-1650). It presents a brief exposition of what the latter meant by this concept. Next we will approach the historical context in which Peirce was inserted, highlighting the characters for the current scientific paradigm, the one presented by him at the meetings at the Metaphysical Club in Cambridge (1872), as an analysis of his Phenomenology, considered fundamental to situ-ate the concept that he intended to elaborate. Turning then to the Cartesian Critical Spirit, thus branded by Peirce, we will refer to Descartes substantial contributions which brought about a new scientific and philosophical vision, thus disrupting with the prevailing Scholastic attitude, and to the concept of Carte-sian intuition, when we will be ready to tackle Peirce s essay How To Make Our Ideas Clear (1878), which contains his Pragmatist Maxim, and which advances the author s concept of clarity. Finally, we will also supply an example of such scientific clarity as exposed in his essay, Three Types of Reasoning (1903) / A presente dissertação pretende abordar alguns aspectos acerca do conceito de Clareza de ideias na obra de Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), em con-traposição à visão consolidada na história da Filosofia conhecida como Racio-nalista, empreendida por René Descartes (1596-1650). Para tanto, apresenta uma breve exposição do que este último entendia por tal conceito. Em seguida, faz uma abordagem do contexto histórico no qual Peirce estava inserido, sali-entando os caracteres referentes ao paradigma científico vigente e por ele a-presentado nas reuniões do Clube Metafísico em Cambridge (1872), bem como uma análise de sua Fenomenologia, considerada fundamental para situar o conceito que busca trabalhar. Passando, então, à crítica ao Espírito do Cartesi-anismo, assim denominada por Peirce, referindo-se às substanciais contribui-ções de Descartes na inauguração de uma nova visão científica e filosófica, que rompia com a predominante postura Escolástica, e ao conceito de Intuição cartesiano, para, em seguida, ocupar-se do texto Como tornar claras as nossas ideias (1878), no qual surge a máxima do pragmatismo, que se defende ser uma espécie de afirmação do conceito de clareza para o autor. Para finalizar, apresentar-se-á um exemplo de clareza científica explorado no texto Os três tipos de raciocínio (1903)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_61346.pdf: 452787 bytes, checksum: b3b0730ff4cac6f99027b406361fd7c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000-03-30 / In this text, we have sought to demonstrate how we can interpret the object as an appearance and as a reality, according to the philosophy of Peirce, as explained based in triadic logic of symbol interpretation. The construction of this logic is developed in phenomenology, through the categories of Firstness, Secondness and Thirdness, the last one playing the main role in the works of the author. It acts as a mediator for an action of trivalent nature, refuting all diadic concepts, or diadic representations of sign-object, or object-sign, thus "breaking" with the pretention of interpreting in a single absolute way the traditional dichotomy. The first part of this dissertation deals with the development of structure in the philosophical thinking of Peirce, evincing the importance of pragmatism as a method of scientific research. The second part discusses the problem of interpretation, in wich the object as an appearance is studied in phenomenology, and the object as a reality within the Metaphisics of the author. The object is decomposed by the analysis of these sciences and later reconstituted in Semiotics, remade in its totality, in the sign-object-interpreter triad. Therefore, to ensure interpretation as a triadic process, based on this triad, it is necessary for Semiotics to play the main role in the elaboration of this process / Neste texto, procuramos demonstrar como podemos interpretar o objeto enquanto aparência e realidade à luz da filosofia de Peirce, o que é explicado a partir de uma lógica triádica da interpretação dos signos. A construção dessa lógica triádica se desenvolve na Fenomenologia, por meio das categorias Primeiridade, Segundidade e Terceiridade, sendo que esta última exerce o papel central na obra do autor. Ela age como mediadora de uma ação de base trivalente, refutando todas as concepções diádicas, ou uma representação diádica signo-objeto, ou sujeito-objeto, "rompendo" dessa forma com a pretensão de interpretar de uma maneira única e absoluta a dicotomia tradicional. A primeira parte desta dissertação está relacionada ao desenvolvimento da estrutura do pensamento filosófico de Peirce, evidenciando a importância do pragmatismo como método de pesquisa científica. A segunda parte discute o problema da interpretação, em que o objeto enquanto aparência é estudado na Fenomenologia, e o objeto enquanto realidade na Metafísica do autor. O objeto é decomposto pela análise dessas ciências e é recomposto na Semiótica, reconstituindo-se na sua totalidade, na tríade signo-objeto-interpretante. Assim, para assegurar a interpretação como um processo triádico, tomando-se por base essa tríade, cabe à Semiótica o papel relevante na elaboração desse processo

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-04T11:44:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Adilio Ferreira Soares.pdf: 1569449 bytes, checksum: ce5184b068bbf8648f988752ec3bc0e3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-04T11:44:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adilio Ferreira Soares.pdf: 1569449 bytes, checksum: ce5184b068bbf8648f988752ec3bc0e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work aims to make some considerations about the role of Contemplation as an experience of phenomenological Firstness within the thinking of the American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce. In order to achieve this objective a description of the Science called Phenomenology is proposed. Phenomenology or Phaneroscopy is the first and most fundamental Science that composes the Philosophy within the authors’ systematic thinking, which also includes the Normative Sciences and the Scientific Metaphysics, on which will be made very brief considerations here, but of great importance. Through the understanding of the importance and the scope of Peirce’s Phenomenology, the focus here shall be in a more detailed manner on that which is called its first category, Firstness. In doing so, the experience of Contemplation shall be dealt as a privileged form of pure experience of such category, with the description of some of its characteristic elements / Este Trabalho tem como objetivo tecer algumas considerações acerca do papel da Contemplação como experiência da Primeiridade fenomenológica no interior do pensamento do filósofo norte-americano Charles Sanders Peirce. Para atingir esse objetivo, propõe-se uma descrição da Ciência denominada Fenomenologia. Fenomenologia ou Faneroscopia é a primeira e fundamental ciência que compõe a Filosofia no interior do pensamento sistemático do autor, que também inclui as Ciências Normativas e a Metafísica científica, sobre as quais aqui se farão considerações brevíssimas, mas de grande importância. Através do entendimento do relevo e do escopo da Fenomenologia de Peirce, focar-se-á de maneira mais detida aquela que constitui a sua primeira categoria, a Primeiridade. Assim, em seguida, aborda-se a experiência de Contemplação como uma forma privilegiada da experiência pura de tal categoria, com a descrição de alguns de seus elementos característicos

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-29T11:28:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Vieira de Almeida.pdf: 2165297 bytes, checksum: a864143d29a1552785c9da4df5405b58 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-29T11:28:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Vieira de Almeida.pdf: 2165297 bytes, checksum: a864143d29a1552785c9da4df5405b58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This doctorate research presents and defends the thesis that Charles Sanders Peirce’s philosophy has a place for a sui generis concept of man’s immortality within his scientific metaphysics. This concept of immortality, which may be briefly defined as the possibility of permanence of the influence of a man’s character, even after the dissolution of his body, i.e., even after his death, ultimately implies that death does not necessarily mean absolute discontinuity of the continuum that is man. It is, thus, a concept of immortality deeply ingrained in Synechism and, hence, in the author’s Realism and Objective Idealism, notwithstanding having also a relationship of a conjectural nature with his conception of the reality of God. We propose, therefore, to analyze how such a concept may be developed and effectively grounded within the author’s philosophical architecture / A presente pesquisa de doutorado exibe e defende a tese de que a filosofia de Charles Sanders Peirce reserva lugar para um conceito sui generis de imortalidade do homem no interior de sua metafísica científica. Esse conceito de imortalidade, que pode ser brevemente definido como a possibilidade da permanência da influência do caráter de um homem mesmo após a dissolução do seu corpo, ou seja, mesmo após a sua morte, acaba por implicar que a morte não necessariamente significa uma descontinuidade absoluta do contínuo que é o homem. Trata-se, pois, de um conceito de imortalidade profundamente enraizado no Sinequismo, e, logo, no Realismo e Idealismo Objetivo do autor, não obstante possua também uma ligação de natureza conjectural com a sua concepção da realidade de Deus. Assim, propomo-nos analisar como tal conceito pode ser construído e devidamente assentado no interior da arquitetura filosófica do autor

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:14:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Angelica Souza Ribeiro.pdf: 1883925 bytes, checksum: beb960b24e19e5e838dfe37fd28a47d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / We propose a theoretical and diagrammatic approach of objects of communication. Then, a theoretical-diagrammatic approach suggests that media objects are investigated from their structural correspondence with the set of theoretical propositions devised by the researcher. Likewise, when we refer to diagrams (like a sign of iconic dominance) and objects of communication, we insist on the epistemological nature of the research. Beforehand, we should indicate what is specific in the communication object or underline their distinctive features when compared to other objects (from psychology, theology, and economics, for example). Then, we need to determine the basis for a semiotics of communication as a disciplinary field. This research aims to contribute to the repertoires of epistemological and methodological studies in Communication. Our main hypothesis considers the diagrammatic reason as a theoretical resource combined with the cognitive consequences of new technologies. This, in some sense, have inspired a kind of research located at the convergence of media artifacts and scientific rationality / Propomos uma introdução à abordagem teórico-diagramática dos objetos da comunicação. Então, uma abordagem teórico-diagramática sugere que os objetos midiáticos sejam investigados a partir das suas correspondências estruturais com o conjunto de proposições teóricas ideado pelo pesquisador. Do mesmo modo, ao dizermos diagramas (tal qual signo de predominância icônica) e objetos da comunicação, insistimos sobre a natureza epistemológica da pesquisa. De antemão, deveremos indicar o que há de específico no objeto da comunicação ou sublinhar suas características distintivas quando comparado aos demais objetos do conhecimento. A pesquisa tem o objetivo de contribuir com os repertórios epistemológico e metodológico dos estudos em Comunicação. Nossa principal hipótese considera a razão diagramática um recurso teórico acordado com os desdobramentos cognitivos das novas tecnologias; o que certo sentido inspira investigações localizadas na convergência entre os artefatos midiáticos e a racionalidade científica

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:23:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo Rick Amaral.pdf: 3226318 bytes, checksum: a3a2077e0753d164a9e77f4062405484 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis addresses the type of definition or characterisation used by Peirce to formulate a central concept within his semiotics: the concept of representation. Analyses carried out to support this thesis are limited to Peirce's texts from the end of the 1860s, an era in which Peirce's thinking begins to detach itself from his Kantian matrix and take on its own features. The focus of all research conducted in support of this thesis is the logical element of Charles S. Peirce s philosophical system, i.e. the argumentative structuring developed by the philosopher to validate the theories offered as responses to philosophical problems. Differently from dyadic approaches developed to explain the workings of a representation process, the conception of representation elaborated by Peirce within semiotics is triadic and such difference is far from merely numerical. Our thesis is that, with the introduction of this third element (the interpretant), characterisation of the concept of representation (elaborated within Peircean semiotics) becomes recursive by necessity and such characterisation is an in-built requirement of the theory that Peirce intends to offer as an answer to what he considered to be the central issue of philosophy: how is synthetic (i.e. ampliative) reasoning possible or, from another angle, how is it possible for knowledge to grow? With a view to proving our thesis in respect of the necessity for this type of conceptual characterisation within the Peircean philosophical project, we have dedicated a significant part of this text to the task of establishing not only that semiotics is central to such a project, but also to demonstrating that some central semiotic theses are a direct result of the fact that the concept of representation has been defined or characterised in a recursive manner. These central theses were termed elementary theses (of semiotics): "there is no first sign (in an interpretative process)" and there is no last sign (in an interpretative process)". Therefore, to render the theoretical solution found by Peirce sustainable for the (what he considered to be) central issue of philosophy, the two elementary theses referred to above must be established within semiotic theory (developed by Peirce himself), and their establishment depends on the recursion found within the concept of a sign or of a representative process (and introduced by the concept of interpretant). Our thesis is, therefore, precisely that the characterisation or definition of the concept of representation at the heart of the Peircean semiotics sign concept is necessarily recursive, because without such recursion it would simply be impossible to derive the two elementary theses of semiotics / Esta tese versa sobre o tipo de definição ou caracterização que Peirce utilizou para construir um conceito central dentro de sua semiótica: o conceito de representação. As análises que foram desenvolvidas para sustentar esta tese se limitam aos escritos peirceanos do final da década de 1860, época em que o pensamento de Peirce começa a se afastar de sua matriz kantiana e ganhar contornos próprios. O foco de toda a pesquisa realizada para a sustentação desta tese é o elemento lógico do sistema filosófico de Charles S. Peirce, i.e., a estruturação argumentativa desenvolvida pelo filósofo para validar as teorias que são oferecidas como respostas a problemas filosóficos. De modo diverso das abordagens diádicas desenvolvidas para explicar o funcionamento de um processo de representação, a concepção de representação elaborada por Peirce dentro da semiótica é triádica e esta diferença está longe de ser meramente numérica. Nossa tese é que, com a introdução desse terceiro elemento (o interpretante), a caracterização do conceito de representação (elaborado dentro da semiótica peirceana) torna-se necessariamente recursiva e este tipo de caracterização é uma exigência interna da teoria que Peirce planeja oferecer como resposta ao que considerou ser o problema central da filosofia: como são possíveis os raciocínios sintéticos (i.e., ampliativos) ou, sob outro ângulo, como é possível haver crescimento do conhecimento? Com intuito de provar esta (nossa) tese a respeito da necessidade deste tipo de caracterização conceitual dentro do projeto filosófico peirceano, dedicamos parte considerável deste texto à tarefa de estabelecer não apenas que a semiótica é central para tal projeto, mas também estabelecer que algumas teses centrais dentro da semiótica são decorrência direta do fato do conceito de representação ter sido definido ou caracterizado de forma recursiva. Estas teses centrais foram denominadas de teses elementares da semiótica: "não há primeiro signo (num processo interpretativo)" e "não há último signo (num processo interpretativo)". Então, para que seja sustentável a solução teórica encontrada por Peirce para o (que considera o) problema central da filosofia, estas duas teses elementares acima referidas têm que ser estabelecidas dentro da teoria semiótica (desenvolvida pelo próprio Peirce), e o estabelecimento destas teses depende da recursividade que é encontrada dentro da concepção de signo ou de processo representativo (e é introduzida pelo conceito de interpretante). Portanto, a nossa tese é justamente que a caracterização ou definição do conceito de representação que está no coração do conceito de signo da semiótica peirceana é necessariamente recursiva, pois sem esta recursividade, simplesmente não seria possível derivar as duas teses elementares da semiótica