Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:46:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCOS JOSE DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 802056 bytes, checksum: 8a27e473ff22ed92d3e90f49b5ccc5ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-15 / This work is linked to the Graduate Program in Law, International Relations and Development, the Catholic University of Goiás - PUC / GO, and examines the applicability and admissibility of liability under Brazilian law. It starts with the hypothesis that the liability, permeating social and legal relations have the power to give legal support for the accountability of the agent that causes harm to others who are both situated in the run up to the contract. The interpretation of the law, the doctrinal approach now is part of the challenge that this research has provided us with. There is no legal provision in the civil order that expressly deals with defining, sanctioning and regulating the conduct of those who manage harm to others, even when not required to hire. The admissibility of pre-contractual liability was discussed from the viewpoint of general rules that guide and systematize liability under Brazilian law, precisely because of the absence of explicit rule. As for its applicability that was seen through the prism of the general theory of liability, focusing on their assumptions of admissibility. It was developed following an investigation of the general theory of contracts, with his new principles, as well as the theory of liability, its assumptions and exclusive liability, and finally, the proper analysis of the research object which is linked to civil liability pre-contract. The interpretation of the Civil Code in addition to the assumptions led to a general analysis of abuse of rights, with the vision of the limits imposed by the standard through the prism economic, social, good faith and the morals. Good faith has received particular attention for his role in the foundation of this research, with analysis of their functions, and species characteristics. The present work is focused toward the pre-contractual civil liability, but dedicate two items at the end, to analyze the pre-contractual liability in consumer relations and labor relations. The methodology used to demonstrate the hypothesis of the study was performed using the deductive method of research literature, using the existing theories and doctrines. In the literature we attempted to support the legal dogmatics, always supported by the Brazilian Civil Code, the Code of Consumer Protection, the CLT and the Constitution. / Este trabalho vincula-se ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, Relações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento, da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás PUC/GO, e analisa a aplicabilidade e admissibilidade da responsabilidade civil no direito brasileiro. Parte-se da hipótese de que a responsabilidade civil, permeando as relações sociais e jurídicas teria o condão de dar o suporte legal para a responsabilização do agente que cause danos a outrem, estando ambos situados na fase que antecede a celebração do contrato. A interpretação da legislação, com o enfoque doutrinário atual é parte do desafio que a presente pesquisa nos facultou. Não há dispositivo legal no ordenamento civil que, de forma expressa trate de definir, sancionar e normatizar a conduta de quem gere danos a outrem, mesmo quando não está obrigado a contratar. A admissibilidade da responsabilidade civil pré-contratual foi analisada sob a ótica das regras gerais que orientam e sistematizam a responsabilidade civil no direito brasileiro, justamente pela ausência de regra expressa. Quanto à sua aplicabilidade esta foi vista pelo prisma da teoria geral da responsabilidade civil, com enfoque nos seus pressupostos de admissibilidade. Foi desenvolvida uma averiguação da teoria geral dos contratos, com sua nova principiologia, bem como da teoria da responsabilidade civil, seus pressupostos e excludentes de responsabilidade civil, e por fim, a devida análise do objeto da pesquisa que se vincula à responsabilidade civil pré-contratual. A interpretação do Código Civil nos levou a somar aos pressupostos gerais a análise do abuso do direito, com a visão dos limites impostos pela norma sob o prisma econômico, social, pela boa-fé e pelos bons costumes. A boa-fé recebeu uma atenção especial por seu papel relevante na fundamentação da presente pesquisa, com a análise de suas funções, espécies e características. O presente trabalho tem seu foco voltado para a responsabilidade pré-contratual civil, mas dedicamos dois itens, ao final, para analisar a responsabilidade pré-contratual nas relações de consumo e nas relações de trabalho. A metodologia utilizada para demonstrar as hipóteses do trabalho foi realizada através do método de pesquisa dedutivobibliográfico, utilizando as doutrinas e teorias já existentes. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica buscou-se apoio na dogmática jurídica, com sustentação no Código Civil Brasileiro, no Código de Defesa do Consumidor, na CLT e na Constituição Federal.

Submitted by CARLA MARIA GOULART DE MORAES (carlagm) on 2015-06-24T18:22:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VirginiaIcleDireito.pdf: 919455 bytes, checksum: 652d8c36d0e378644606e95ab56970b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-24T18:22:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VirginiaIcleDireito.pdf: 919455 bytes, checksum: 652d8c36d0e378644606e95ab56970b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-27 / Nenhuma / A proposta em desenvolver os processos judiciais sem dilações indevidas deve ser desenvolvida mediante práticas que estejam em concordância com os ditames Constitucionais. Para a concretização da tutela jurisdicional, é necessário que tais práticas, além de estarem em conformidade com a segurança do ordenamento jurídico e, capazes de efetivarem o direito fundamental a razoável duração do processo, contribuam, de forma efetiva, com os objetivos traçados pela Constituição. A audiência preliminar será investigada como um instrumento processual capaz de evitar dilações indevidas no decorrer dos processos, seja mediante a possibilidade de conciliação entre as partes, seja por meio do saneamento do processo. Permite a participação mais ativa dos agentes do processo, através do uso da oralidade. Neste sentido, compõe um sistema processual dinâmico, permitindo o “acesso à justiça” em sentido amplo, contemplando ao povo, a adjetivação de cidadão e difundindo a democracia participativa como proposta de Estado a ser adotada para a sociedade contemporânea. Nesse contexto, se pode vislumbrar que o dispositivo do art.331 do Código de Processo Civil Brasileiro, contribui com a efetividade do direito fundamental à razoável duração do processo, objetivando a redução da demora processual injustificável. Para tanto, cabe aos magistrados utilizarem-se de uma interpretação hermenêutica dos ditames constitucionais conjugada com os fatores externos que irão influenciá-lo. A problematização em questão pretende estudar a sociedade no momento atual, onde anseia pela consagração do direito fundamental ao processo em tempo razoável, o qual deve ser promovido por parte do Estado, já que o mesmo lhe consagrou constitucionalmente com o advento da EC 45/2004. Nesse contexto, cabe ao Estado responder pela demora injustificada dos tempos processuais. E a reparação deve manifestar-se através da indenização em favor do cidadão que teve seu direito tolhido, por conseqüência de um ato estatal, ou, no caso da audiência preliminar, sua inércia. / The proposal to develop the judicial procedures without undue delay should be developed through practices that are in accordance with the constitutional dictates. For the completion of judicial review, it is necessary that such practices, and comply with the safety of the legal system and able to enforce the fundamental right to a reasonable duration of the process, contribute, effectively, to the goals set by Constitution. The preliminary hearing will be investigated as a procedural tool that will prevent undue delays during the process, either through the possibility of conciliation between the parties, either through the restructuring process. Allows more active participation of the process’s, through the use of orality. In this sense, forms a dynamic procedural system, allowing "access to justice" in a broad sense, covering the people, the adjective of citizen participatory democracy and spreading as a proposed rule to be adopted to contemporary society. In this context, we can see that the machinery of article 331 of the Brazilian Civil Procedure Code, contributes to the effectiveness of the fundamental right of a reasonable duration of the process, aiming at the reduction of procedural delay unjustifiable. For this, use it to judges is a hermeneutic interpretation of constitutional principles coupled with external factors which will influence him, adopting the theory as formalism evaluative procedures. The questioning concerned intends to study the society at present, which yearns for the consecration of the fundamental right to process in reasonable time, which should be promoted by the state, since the constitutionally enshrined it even with the advent of constitutional emendment 45/2004. In this context, the State must answer for the undue delay of the procedural time. And the repair should be manifested through indemnity in favor of the citizen who had checked his right, as a consequence of a state act, or, if the preliminary hearing, his inertia.

A presente obra é dedicada ao estudo dos novos mecanismos destinados a combater a morosidade do processo judicial, em especial a tutela de evidência. A pesquisa abrange a teoria da cognição, perpassando a função da verdade para o julgamento, analisando cada um dos graus de verossimilhança e a cognição de questões de direito. Em seguida, examinam-se os efeitos do tempo sobre o processo, objeto da dromologia processual. Considerando a mora como um fator de risco, são abordadas soluções teóricas para o seu adequado equacionamento, quando em confronto com o risco de erro judiciário. Um dos instrumentos para a gestão desses riscos, sempre presentes no curso processual, é a análise econômica do direito. Com vistas à formação de um prognóstico a respeito das chances de sucesso da tutela de evidência no Brasil, são explorados institutos correlatos no Direito Comparado, suas semelhanças e diferenças, bem como, sempre que possível, dados empíricos sobre os resultados obtidos nos respectivos países. Por fim, procede-se a uma análise crítica dos dispositivos do anteprojeto do novo Código de Processo Civil que versam sobre a tutela de evidência. / In a dynamic society, time is surely a kind of wealth. This is still true when it comes to litigation. Especially in civil law countries, plaintiffs are only granted what they pursue in court after a long judicial procedure that comprises the defendants hearing and the analysis of factual findings. However, it turns out that when the plaintiff proves his right at the very beginning of the trial, this time-consuming process is not only unfair to the plaintiff, but also inefficient to the Judiciary Branch as a whole. Thats mainly a result of defendants behaviors intended to protract the final resolution of the lawsuit, even when he knows that the other litigants claim is right. In those cases, preliminary injunctions not always suffice given the strict, urgency-related requirements they usually entail. In an attempt to properly address the issue, the draft of the new Brazilian Civil Procedure Code has provided for a new sort of injunction (tutela de evidência) meant to reasonably allocate the cost of time to each one of the parties. The underlining assumption is that in all judicial procedures there is a tradeoff between the risk of judgment error (due to the lack of information) and the risk of delaying justice (due to the time extent). Drawing on Law and Economics premises, this work sets forth some guidelines as to how to manage those risks fairly and efficiently.

La distinction du fait et du droit est une problématique centrale dansl’organisation des voies de droit. Elle exerce en effet, au-delà d’une variété de formes et designifications, une influence décisive sur l’office du juge ainsi que sur la fonction desautorités soumises à son contrôle. Pour appréhender pleinement la portée qu’elle revêt dansl’équilibre des pouvoirs établi par la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, il est nécessairede se défaire de toute préconception de la distinction du fait et du droit (notamment auregard des pratiques observées en droit interne), afin de comprendre comment le juge del’Union européenne exerce un pouvoir de détermination à son égard, que ce soit dans lecontrôle de validité des actes juridiques ou dans les voies de recours dirigées contre desactes juridictionnels. Dans cette opération, elle reste toutefois soucieuse d’assurerl’acceptabilité de ses décisions, et prend donc en considération certaines contraintesjuridiques qui se présentent à elle dans son office. Autorité normatrice et ordonnatrice, laCour de justice en tant qu’interprète authentique utilise en réalité la distinction du fait et dudroit comme un instrument de répartition des compétences entre les différents acteursconcernés par la réalisation du droit de l’Union européenne. Elle définit ainsi, à travers ladétermination de la distinction du fait et du droit dans chacune de ses manifestations,l’habilitation que leur confère le système juridique. En ce sens, elle apparaît comme lajuridiction suprême de cet espace normatif. / The distinction between fact and law is central to the organization of remedies.It exerts, through its variety of forms and meanings, a decisive influence on the Court and onthe function of the authorities that the former reviews. In order to fully grasp its significance inthe balance of power that the European Court of Justice has established, one has to discardany preconception related to the distinction between fact and law (especially those present inmunicipal law). This in turn leads to the understanding of the manner in which the EuropeanCourt specifies the distinction, should it concern the review against legal acts or the ways ofchallenging case law. Whilst doing this, the European Court remains wary of the acceptabilityof its decisions, thus taking into account several legal constraints. As a normative authorityand as the authentic interpreter, the European Court of Justice uses the distinction betweenfact and law as a way to divide the competences of the actors concerned with theimplementation of EU law. By performing this specification, it defines the way the legalsystem entitles these actors. In this way, the European Court of Justice emerges as theSupreme Court of this normative space.

Preliminary interplanetary trajectory designs frequently use simplified two-body orbital mechanics and linked conics methodology to model the complex trajectories in multi-body systems. Incorporating gravity assists provides highly efficient interplanetary trajectories, enabling otherwise infeasible spacecraft missions. Future missions may employ powered gravity assists, using a propulsive maneuver during the flyby, improving the overall trajectory performance. This dissertation provides a complete description and analysis of a new interplanetary trajectory design tool known as TRACT (TRAjectory Configuration Tool). TRACT is capable of modeling complex interplanetary trajectories, including multiple ballistic and/or powered gravity assists, deep space maneuvers, parking orbits, and other common maneuvers. TRACT utilizes an adaptable architecture of modular boundary value problem (BVP) algorithms for all trajectory segments. A bi-level optimization scheme is employed to reduce the number of optimization variables, simplifying the user provided trajectory information. The standardized optimization parameter set allows for easy use of TRACT with a variety of optimization algorithms and mission constraints. The dissertation also details new research in powered gravity assists. A review of literature on optimal powered gravity assists is presented, where many optimal solutions found are infeasible for realistic spacecraft missions. The need was identified for a mission feasible optimal powered gravity assist algorithm using only a single impulsive maneuver. The solution space was analyzed and a complete characterization was developed for solution types of the optimal single-impulse powered gravity assist. Using newfound solution space characteristics, an efficient and reliable optimal single-impulse powered gravity assist BVP algorithm was formulated. The mission constraints were strictly enforced, such as maintaining the closest approach above a minimum radius and below a maximum radius. An extension of the optimal powered gravity assist research is the development of a gravity assist BVP algorithm that utilizes an asymptote ΔV correction maneuver to produce ballistic gravity assist trajectory solutions. The efficient algorithm is tested with real interplanetary mission trajectory parameters and successfully converges upon ballistic gravity assists with improved performance compared to traditional methods. A hybrid approach is also presented, using the asymptote maneuver algorithm together with traditional gravity assist constraints to reach ballistic trajectory solutions more reliably, while improving computational performance.

Då tillverkningsindustrin går mot en högre grad av kundanpassning och implementering av Lean, samtidigt som föråldrade traditionella kalkyleringsmetoder fortfarande används i moderna industriföretag, är det intressant att utreda relationerna mellan produktionsflöden av kundanpassad karaktär, Lean samt olika kalkyleringsmetoder. Syftet är att öka kostnadsprecisionen i förkalkylen för ett produktionsflöde av kundanpassad och Lean karaktär och beskriva en generaliserbar arbetsprocess för detta. Syftet är även att ta fram generella rekommendationer för val av kalkyleringsmetod genom att utifrån denna produktions karaktär genomföra en jämförande analys av kalkyleringsmetoder (traditionella kalkylmetoder, ABC och kalkylering enligt Lean). Genom en litteraturstudie samt en fallstudie av ett produktionsflöde med många varianter och inslag av Lean har båda syftena uppfyllts. Fallstudien har utförts genom intervjuer och observationer. Problem och positiva faktorer som enligt litteratur karaktäriserar produktion av kundanpassade produkter har även återfunnits på fallföretaget. Det sambandet har kunnat användas för att stödja analysen av relationerna. Relationerna mellan kalkyleringsmetoder, Lean samt produktionsflöden av kundanpassad karaktär har analyserats genom att jämföra litteratur och resultat från fallstudien. Det framkom att Value Stream Costing (VSC) är den mest lämpliga kalkyleringsmetoden för produktionsflöden med kundanpassade produkter som uppnått en hög mognadsgrad av Lean. Förkalkyleringen på fallföretaget är beroende av tillförlitliga operationstider, vilket tagits fram på fallföretaget samtidigt som en generell arbetsprocess utarbetats. Operationstiderna togs i detta fall fram genom videoupptagning av produktionsmomenten samt efterföljande analys i mjukvaran AviX. Genom att följa den generella arbetsprocessen som utarbetats erhålls både ett bra underlag till förkalkylering samt ständiga förbättringar i produktionsflödet. Eftersom forskning visar att Lean bör implementeras i hela organisationen om full fördel med Lean ska uppnås, kan VSC vara en utmärkt kalkyleringsmetod för att komma ifrån föråldrade, traditionella kalkyleringsmetoder samtidigt som denna kalkyleringsmetod förenklar kalkylering i produktion av kundanpassad karaktär. / Since the manufacturing industry is heading for a higher level of customization and implementation of Lean, at the same time as outmoded traditional costing methods is still used in modern industrial organizations, it is interesting to explore the relations between production flows of customized character, Lean and different costing methods. The purpose of this thesis is to increase the cost precision in the preliminary calculation for a product flow of customer adapted and Lean character, and to describe a generalizable work process for this. The purpose is also to develop general recommendations regarding the choice of costing methods by, on a basis of the character of this production, a comparative analysis of costing methods (traditional costing methods, ABC and Lean accounting/VSC). Through a literature study and a case study of a production flow with a high level of variety and influence from Lean, both of the purposes has been fulfilled. The case study has been accomplished through interviews and observations. Problems and positive elements that according to literature characterize the production of customized products have also been found in the case company. That connection has been used to support the analysis of the relations. The relations between costing methods, Lean and production flows of customized character has been analyzed through a comparison between findings in literature and results from the case study. It has been found that Value Stream Costing (VSC) is the most appropriate costing method for production flows of customized products that has reached a high maturity level of Lean. The preliminary costing is dependent on reliable operation times which have been produced on the case study company, while a general work process has been developed. The operation times were in this case identified through video recordings of the production moments and a following analysis in the software AviX. By following the general work process that has been developed, useful material for preliminary costing and continuous improvements in the production flow will be obtained. Since research is showing that Lean should be implemented in the whole organization if full advantages of Lean shall be obtained, VSC is found to be an ideal costing method to replace outmoded, traditional costing methods at the same time as this costing method simplifies costing in production flows of customized character.

本論文主要在討論，先決之爭點與「爭端解決規則與程序瞭解書（DSU）」第六條二項（成立小組請求）間之互動。 首先，作者區別成立小組請求兩大要件，分別為：敘明系爭措施及提供法律根據已釐清系爭案件。 其次，在此架構下，本文進而從近來所發生之四十七個爭端解決案件中，分析上訴機構對兩要件之認定標準的發展。本文發現，爭端解決小組及上訴機構透過放寬先決爭點認定標準之結果，會降低成立小組請求之明確性。同時，本文也蒐集相關實證統計資料，藉以呈現先決爭點如何影響DSU之功能。經由歸納後，本文認為，當前先決之爭點的負面影響大於正面影響。 再者，儘管先決爭點有上述問題，作者一方面仍肯定先決之爭點的正面功能，並認同爭端解決實務放寬認定標準之趨勢；另方面，則嘗試提出若干工具以避免上述負面影響大過正面影響。 最後則提出第六條第二項之修法建議。 關鍵字：爭端解決規則與程序瞭解書（DSU）第六條二項、成立小組請求、先決之爭點 / This thesis focused on the interaction between the preliminary issues and Article 6.2(panel request) of Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing The Settlement of Disputes(DSU). First, the author distinguished the two main requirements of panel request: identify the specific measures at issue, and provide a brief summary of the legal basis of the complaint sufficient to present the problem clearly. Secondly, with the two requirements as framework, the author started to scrutinize how preliminary issues affected recent 47 dispute settlement cases and analyze its implication. Then, it was observed that the Dispute Settlement Panel and the Appellate Body were broadening their review standards as to preliminary issues, which would then lead to reduce the precision of panel request. Meanwhile, this thesis collected relevant statistic data to show how the preliminary issues affected the current DSU function. Then, it was observed that the preliminary issues, so far, had strong negative effects and few positive effects on the dispute settlement system. Moreover, the author, on the one hand, recognized the function of preliminary issues and viewed current dispute settlement practice as good trend with some deficit; and, on the other hand, tried to propose some useful tools to prevent the negative effect to overcome positive effects. And eventually, proposed revision of Article 6.2 of DSU. Key words: Article 6.2 of Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing The Settlement of Disputes (DSU), panel request, preliminary issues

Le droit international privé, tel qu’il résulte des droits nationaux et du droit de l’Unioneuropéenne, accorde une attention particulière aux systèmes juridiques étrangers. L’application de la loiétrangère constitue l’expression de l’importance reconnue aux systèmes juridiques étrangers, mais appliquerune loi qui est extérieure au système juridique du for peut provoquer, du fait de sa différence, des réactionsdéfensives. L’application de la loi étrangère se trouve ainsi confrontée à différents obstacles qui tendent àgarantir une application prioritaire de la lex fori. D’une part, les techniques employées par le systèmejuridique du for pour appliquer la loi étrangère ne lui sont pas favorables, comme en témoigne l’interventionrécurrente de l’exception d’ordre public international. D’autre part, des éléments exogènes au systèmejuridique du for, comme la compréhension différente d’une même institution juridique, peuvent égalementfaire échec à l’application de la loi étrangère. Il existe ainsi un décalage entre la lettre des règles de droitinternational privé du for, qui permettrait d’envisager une application fréquente de la loi étrangère et l’usagequi en est fait par les autorités du système juridique du for, qui mène souvent à sa neutralisation. Cette étudedéfend un meilleur respect de la lettre des règles relatives à l’application de la loi étrangère, qui aurait poureffet de promouvoir ce type d’application. Dans cette perspective, le droit international privé de l’Unioneuropéenne fournit d’importants enseignements, dans la mesure où il dynamise l’application de la loiétrangère appartenant à d’autres Etats membres. / The national or the European private international law is taking into a particular accountthe foreign legal systems. The foreign law application is an expression of the attention given to the foreignlegal systems, but applying a law that belongs to a different legal system than the legal system of the forumcountry may provoke a defence reaction caused by the existing differences between the legal systemsinvolved. The foreign law application is therefore confronted to different obstacles that tend to ensure aprimary application of the lex fori. First, the techniques used by the legal system of the forum country toapply the foreign law are not entirely favourable to this kind of application, as evidenced by the recurrentintervention of the international public policy. Furthermore, there are elements that are exogenous to thelegal system of the forum country, such as different understandings of the same legal institution that canobstruct the foreign law application. There is thus a gap between the theory of the private internationalrules, which would appeal a frequent application of the foreign law, and the use that is made of them by theauthorities of the forum country, which often leads to the neutralization of the foreign law. This studydefends a better compliance to the theory of private international law, which would promote the applicationof the foreign law. In this perspective, the private international law of the European Union provides animportant source of « savoir-faire » as it promotes the application of a foreign law belonging to anotherMember States.

Alors que la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA) a connu des oppositions fortes à l’implantation de grandes infrastructures dans des espaces naturels au début des années 1990, le développement de parcs solaires depuis le milieu des années 2000 n’a pas suscité beaucoup de réactions conflictuelles. Pour expliquer ce contraste, l’auteur dresse un inventaire des projets et des acteurs impliqués dans la filière photovoltaïque, puis documente les processus d’élaboration de six projets particuliers en étant attentif à comment l’histoire politique de la commune, les transformations du peuplement et les expériences récentes d’aménagement du territoire viennent à être prises en compte par les acteurs impliqués dans la promotion des parcs solaires. L’analyse de ces matériaux met au jour un entrelacement de phénomènes localisés de réduction du risque conflictuel qui tiennent d’abord à la manière dont s’invente la déclinaison locale d’une politique publique nationale d’encadrement de ce secteur et aux phénomènes d’apprentissage qu’elle impose aux acteurs des entreprises solaires et des collectivités locales en quête de cadre réglementaire attractif et stable. Le fort développement des parcs solaires en PACA et la faible conflictualité qui l’accompagne expriment ainsi la façon par laquelle une injonction au développement durable vient à s’actualiser dans des territoires à faible densité de population : comme un compromis social conciliant le souci de patrimonialiser les espaces et le besoin d’équipements associés à l’expérience urbaine d’une partie de cette population. / While the Provence region experienced strong opposition to the installation of large infrastructures in natural areas in the early 1990s, the development of solar plants in the mid-2000s not aroused many conflicting reactions. To explain this contrast, the author draws up an inventory of the projects and actors involved in the photovoltaic sector. Then, he documents the processes of elaboration of six particular projects, looking at the political history of the commune, the transformations of the population and the recent experiences of spatial planning are taken into account by the actors involved in the promotion of solar plants. The analysis of these materials reveals an intertwining of local phenomena of reduction conflicting risks. In first, these are the result of the local invention of the application of a national public policy of supervision of this sector and learning that is required of the actors of solar companies and local authorities in search of an attractive and stable regulatory framework. Secondly, these phenomena refer to the discussion spaces that are activated at the municipal level to adjust projects to representations of populations, whether in the office of the mayor, before the municipal council or at a public meeting. The strong development of solar plants in Provence and the low level of conflictuality observed thus express the way in which the injunction to sustainable development is actualized in territories with a low population density: as a social compromise conciliating space heritage and need for equipment due to the urban experience of part of this population.

A presente obra é dedicada ao estudo dos novos mecanismos destinados a combater a morosidade do processo judicial, em especial a tutela de evidência. A pesquisa abrange a teoria da cognição, perpassando a função da verdade para o julgamento, analisando cada um dos graus de verossimilhança e a cognição de questões de direito. Em seguida, examinam-se os efeitos do tempo sobre o processo, objeto da dromologia processual. Considerando a mora como um fator de risco, são abordadas soluções teóricas para o seu adequado equacionamento, quando em confronto com o risco de erro judiciário. Um dos instrumentos para a gestão desses riscos, sempre presentes no curso processual, é a análise econômica do direito. Com vistas à formação de um prognóstico a respeito das chances de sucesso da tutela de evidência no Brasil, são explorados institutos correlatos no Direito Comparado, suas semelhanças e diferenças, bem como, sempre que possível, dados empíricos sobre os resultados obtidos nos respectivos países. Por fim, procede-se a uma análise crítica dos dispositivos do anteprojeto do novo Código de Processo Civil que versam sobre a tutela de evidência. / In a dynamic society, time is surely a kind of wealth. This is still true when it comes to litigation. Especially in civil law countries, plaintiffs are only granted what they pursue in court after a long judicial procedure that comprises the defendants hearing and the analysis of factual findings. However, it turns out that when the plaintiff proves his right at the very beginning of the trial, this time-consuming process is not only unfair to the plaintiff, but also inefficient to the Judiciary Branch as a whole. Thats mainly a result of defendants behaviors intended to protract the final resolution of the lawsuit, even when he knows that the other litigants claim is right. In those cases, preliminary injunctions not always suffice given the strict, urgency-related requirements they usually entail. In an attempt to properly address the issue, the draft of the new Brazilian Civil Procedure Code has provided for a new sort of injunction (tutela de evidência) meant to reasonably allocate the cost of time to each one of the parties. The underlining assumption is that in all judicial procedures there is a tradeoff between the risk of judgment error (due to the lack of information) and the risk of delaying justice (due to the time extent). Drawing on Law and Economics premises, this work sets forth some guidelines as to how to manage those risks fairly and efficiently.