Entre 1936 e 1939, a Espanha foi abalada por uma violenta Guerra Civil. Tendo sido deflagrada no período entre guerras, quando o capitalismo experimentava os efeitos da crise de 1929; quando o fascismo atravessava seu momento de afirmação na Europa, e quando a Revolução Russa apresentava uma alternativa política para os povos, este acontecimento acabou por se tornar rico em símbolos e significados, atraindo não apenas a atenção, mas também a solidariedade de boa parte do mundo para ambos os lados em contenda. No Brasil, marcado pela repressão ao comunismo, especialmente após 1935, a Guerra Civil Espanhola veio a servir, na visão das elites, como exemplo do que poderia aqui ocorrer caso o comunismo viesse a encontrar solo fértil no continente americano, sendo uma das formas de difundir esta idéia as páginas da grande imprensa escrita. Nosso objetivo é demonstrar como a Guerra Civil Espanhola foi apresentada à sociedade pelo jornal Correio do Povo, à época o periódico de maior importância no Rio Grande do Sul. Através de sua leitura sobre os fatos na Espanha naqueles anos conturbados, temos um exemplo da forma como as idéias de mudança social eram vistas por uma parcela da elite brasileira, bem como de seu alinhamento com as diretrizes políticas oficiais daquele momento. / In 1936-39, the Spain was loose by a violent Civil War. Happened in the between wars age, when the capitalism experiment the effects of the 29’s crisis, when the fascism crossed your moment of affirmation in Europe, and when the Russian Revolution presented a political alternative for the peoples, this happening rendered rich in symbols and meanings, attracting the attention and the solidarity of share of the world for both the sides in quarrel. In Brazil, marked for the repression at communism afterwards 1935, the Spanish Civil War served, for the elites, how example of the how can happen here in the event of the communism meeted firm land in the american continent, to be a from the forms of diffuse this idea the pages of the big press. Our objective is demonstrate how the Spanish Civil War gone presented for the society by Correio do Povo journal, in the time of the happening the newspaper of higher importance in the Rio Grande do Sul State. Through of this reading about the happenings in the Spain at that disturbed years, we have a example of the shape how the social changes ideas was includeds by a parcel of the brazilian elites, as well as of the your arrangement with the official politics from that moment.

Entre 1936 e 1939, a Espanha foi abalada por uma violenta Guerra Civil. Tendo sido deflagrada no período entre guerras, quando o capitalismo experimentava os efeitos da crise de 1929; quando o fascismo atravessava seu momento de afirmação na Europa, e quando a Revolução Russa apresentava uma alternativa política para os povos, este acontecimento acabou por se tornar rico em símbolos e significados, atraindo não apenas a atenção, mas também a solidariedade de boa parte do mundo para ambos os lados em contenda. No Brasil, marcado pela repressão ao comunismo, especialmente após 1935, a Guerra Civil Espanhola veio a servir, na visão das elites, como exemplo do que poderia aqui ocorrer caso o comunismo viesse a encontrar solo fértil no continente americano, sendo uma das formas de difundir esta idéia as páginas da grande imprensa escrita. Nosso objetivo é demonstrar como a Guerra Civil Espanhola foi apresentada à sociedade pelo jornal Correio do Povo, à época o periódico de maior importância no Rio Grande do Sul. Através de sua leitura sobre os fatos na Espanha naqueles anos conturbados, temos um exemplo da forma como as idéias de mudança social eram vistas por uma parcela da elite brasileira, bem como de seu alinhamento com as diretrizes políticas oficiais daquele momento. / In 1936-39, the Spain was loose by a violent Civil War. Happened in the between wars age, when the capitalism experiment the effects of the 29’s crisis, when the fascism crossed your moment of affirmation in Europe, and when the Russian Revolution presented a political alternative for the peoples, this happening rendered rich in symbols and meanings, attracting the attention and the solidarity of share of the world for both the sides in quarrel. In Brazil, marked for the repression at communism afterwards 1935, the Spanish Civil War served, for the elites, how example of the how can happen here in the event of the communism meeted firm land in the american continent, to be a from the forms of diffuse this idea the pages of the big press. Our objective is demonstrate how the Spanish Civil War gone presented for the society by Correio do Povo journal, in the time of the happening the newspaper of higher importance in the Rio Grande do Sul State. Through of this reading about the happenings in the Spain at that disturbed years, we have a example of the shape how the social changes ideas was includeds by a parcel of the brazilian elites, as well as of the your arrangement with the official politics from that moment.

D’où vient « le mur dans les têtes » des Allemands en 1989 ? Que signifient les stéréotypes Besserwessi / Jammerossi ? Quelles sont les représentations et les identités en R.D.A. et en R.F.A. ? Existe-t-il deux identités allemandes différentes ? Avec un corpus de 312 exemplaires de Der Spiegel et de la Neue Berliner Illustrierte, cette thèse étudie la dimension sémantique des stéréotypes, elle analyse les représentations en R.F.A. et en R.D.A. et définit une double identité allemande. L’année 1989 provoque une crise identitaire et langagière que nous étudions à l’aide de sondages, d’ouvrages, de caricatures et de journaux. La guerre froide, la manipulation du discours et un contexte économique déstabilisant font naître dès 1949 des stéréotypes qui s’intensifient en 1961 et s’accumulent en 1989. Ils se transforment du stéréotype de la revendication de représenter l’Allemagne dans son ensemble (1949) en celui de la grande famille socialiste (R.D.A.) et de la grande famille américaine (R.F.A.) en 1961 et en celui de la pérennité étatique (R.D.A.) et de la terra incognita (R.F.A.) en 1989. Les stéréotypes se diffusent avec des images et un vocabulaire de la consommation et de l’individualisme en R.F.A. et de la solidarité en R.D.A. L’identité est-allemande est une identité collective, solidaire et uniforme et l’identité ouest-allemande est une identité de plaisir, de liberté, d’esprit de compétitivité et d’individualisme. Avec une perspective de recherche pluridisciplinaire, comparative et transnationale, ce travail s’insère dans les champs des recherches historiques et linguistiques et s’appuie sur l’histoire comparée, l’analyse du discours et de l’image. L’enjeu identitaire est relié aux stéréotypes et aux représentations qui sont les faces visibles des stéréotypes. Cette thèse étudie aussi les lieux de mémoire textuels, culinaires, culturels, politiques et économiques est-allemands et ouest-allemands en se basant sur les travaux de Walter Lippmann, Ruth Amossy, Pierre Nora, Etienne François, Hagen Schulze, Pierre Moscovici, Christian Delporte, Dominique Maingueneau, Laurent Gervereau, Heinz Gerhard Haupt, Henri Ménudier, Sandrine Kott, Alain Lattard. C’est ce qui nous permet d’analyser les discours d’hommes politiques et de journalistes comme Helmut Kohl, Ludwig Erhard, Konrad Adenauer, Walter Ulbricht, Rudolf Augstein, Rudolf Hernnstadt et Lilly Becher. / What is the origin of the « wall in the minds » between East-germans and West-germans in 1989 ? What is the significance of the stereotypes Besserwessi / Jammerossi ? Do we have two german identities ? Based on a corpus of 312 exemplars of Der Spiegel and Neue Berliner Illustrierte, this thesis analyses the relationship between GDR and West Germany during the cold war. It presents the social representations and defines a double german identity. In 1989, we have a crisis in german language and identity illustrated by soundings, literature, caricatures and stereotypes. Cold war, political speech and destabilizing aspects of 1989 push up stereotypes since 1949. In 1961 they grow up and in 1989 they are on the top. They transform themselves from the stereotype of sole and exclusive representation (1949) to the stereotype of the big socialiste family (GDR) and the big west family (West Germany) in 1961 and to the stereotype of endurance (GDR) and terra incognita (West Germany) in 1989. Stereotypes circulate by language, various leitmotiv and a vocabulary of consumption and egoism in West Germany and solidarity in GDR. They are the sign of a temporarily double german identity. Absence of the same identity and language markers bring up gap between Ossis and Wessis. With a interdisciplinary and comparative approach, this thesis takes place in historic and language studies. The innovation is to connect the question of german identity with stereotypes and representations by defining representations as visible faces of stereotypes. This work studies german history, est-german and west-german memory in the second half of the 20th century with the autors and journalistes Walter Lippmann, Ruth Amossy, Pierre Nora, Etienne François, Hagen Schulze, Pierre Moscovici, Christian Delporte, Dominique Maingueneau, Laurent Gervereau, Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, Henri Ménudier, Sandrine Kott, Alain Lattard and Helmut Kohl, Ludwig Erhard, Konrad Adenauer, Walter Ulbricht, Rudolf Augstein, Rudolf Hernnstadt and Lilly Becher.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T12:06:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 13 / Nenhuma / A presente tese tem como tema central o estudo das representações e discussões acerca de germanidade, de escola e de professor veiculadas no jornal Allgemeine Lehrerzeitung für Rio Grande do Sul, Vereinsblatt des Deutschen Evangelischen Lehrervereins in Rio Grande do Sul [Jornal Geral do Professor no Rio Grande do Sul; Órgão da Associação de Professores Evangélicos Alemães] editado e publicado pela Deutscher Evangelischer Lehrerverein von Rio Grande do Sul [Associação de Professores Alemães Evangélicos no Rio Grande do Sul], entre 1902 e 1938. Abordamos este tema com um referencial apoiado na história cultural. Os redatores e articulistas, na sua maioria professores alemães alocados em escolas do meio urbano, constroem representações em torno da germanidade, da escola e do professor, gerenciando a identidade, instituindo modelos de conduta e indicando leituras para o professor atuante em escolas “alemãs-brasileiras” evangélicas, principal público leitor do jornal. Apresentamos, também, as representações de es / This thesis studies the views and discussions about Germanism (Deutschtum), school and teacher conveyed in the journal Allgemeine Lehrerzeitung für Rio Grande do Sul, Vereinsblatt des Deutschen Evangelischen Lehrervereins in Rio Grande do Sul [General Teacher’s Journal for Rio Grande do Sul, a publication of the Association of German Evangelical Teachers in Rio Grande do Sul], edited and published by the Deutscher Evangelischer Lehrerverein von Rio Grande do Sul [Association of German Evangelical Teachers from Rio Grande do Sul] between the years 1902 and 1938. We approached this topic with a frame of reference based on cultural history. The journal’s editors and contributors, most of whom were German teachers allocated to urban schools, address topics such as Deutschtum, school and teacher, deal with issues like identity, set models of conduct and recommend reading material for teachers working in “German-Brazilian” evangelical schools, the jounal’s primary readership. We also present the views exposed on

O presente trabalho foi realizado na cidade de São José do Rio Pardo (SP), tendo como objetivo a análise da percepção dos moradores das áreas urbanas e rural sobre os processos de degradação do Rio Pardo, bem como a análise da abordagem da imprensa escrita sobre os problemas ambientais da cidade, particularmente, sobre o rio Pardo. Para isto foram realizadas entrevistas para o levantamento das percepções dos moradores, bem como a análise documental para o levantamento da abordagem de temas ambientais pela imprensa escrita. Os resultados das entrevistas mostraram que os moradores estabeleceram uma relação entre a degradação do rio Pardo e as atividades humanas, sendo citadas as modificações nas características da água, na qualidade da água, na fauna de peixes e nos usos múltiplos da água. A análise do principal jornal da cidade mostrou que tal veículo dedicou um espaço considerável para a discussão da temática ambiental, nos últimos cinqüenta anos, sendo que, em alguns casos, essa discussão não estava isenta de interesses, geralmente políticos. As discussões dos resultados obtidos possibilitaram uma melhor compreensão das relações estabelecidas pela população da cidade de São José do Rio Pardo com o rio Pardo, sendo apresentadas sugestões que possam contribuir para a resolução dos problemas levantados. / The present work was done in the city of São José do Rio Pardo (SP), and its goal was the analysis of the city and countryside inhabitants\' perception of the processes of degradation of the Rio Pardo River, as well as the analysis of the printed press approach on the environmental problems of the city, particularly on the Rio Pardo River. Because of this, interviews were done to collect the inhabitants\' understanding, as well as the analysis of the documents to understand the approach given by the printed press on the environrnental themes. What we collected showed that the inhabitants can clearly establish a relationship between the degradation of the Rio Pardo River and the human activities, being mentioned the changes in the water characteristics, on the amount of water, on the fauna of fish and in the multiple use of the bodies of water. On the other hand, the analysis of the main newspaper in the city showed that this newspaper dedicated a remarkable space to the discussion of the environmental theme, in the last fifty years, and this discussion, in same cases, was not free of interests, generally political ones. The discussion of the results made possible a better understanding of the relationships established by the population of the city of São José do Rio Pardo with its river, and suggestions were presented to contribute with the solving of the found problems.

Zur genauen Justage und objektiven Qualitätsprüfung von Druckmaschinen ist ein hochgenaues Messgerät zur Passermessung sinnvoll. Ein solches Messsystem wurde unter Verwendung konventioneller Videotechnik basierend auf Bildanalysetechnologien entwickelt. Speziell für das Messsystem entworfene Messelemente werden zur Passermessung gedruckt, mit Videotechnik digitalisiert und mit Hilfe von Bildanalysetechnologien erkannt, bewertet und vermessen. Auf dem Entwicklungsweg zu diesem Messsystem wurden verschiedene Problemkreise analysiert und gelöst. Dazu zählen beispielsweise Methoden zur Signalerfassung und zur Korrektur von Fehlern in optischen Abbildungssystemen. Ausgehend von einer Bewertung bekannter Lösungen zur Passermessung werden Technologien und Strategien für ein Messverfahren zur Passermessung mit konventioneller Videotechnik am Beispiel der Übergabepassermessung aufgezeigt. Nachweismöglichkeiten zur Prüfung der Technologie und Schlussfolgerungen wie wünschenswerte Forderungen für die Zukunft, beispielsweise für Folge- und Weiterentwicklungen, werden formuliert. / A high-precision instrument for register measurement is useful for the exact adjustment and quality control of printing presses. Such a measuring system has been developed on the basis of image analysis methods and the application of conventional video technology. Measuring elements specially designed for the measuring system are printed for register measurement, digitalized with video technology and recognized, evaluated and measured with the help of image analysis methods. On the way to the development of this measuring system various complexes of problems were analysed and solved, among them, for instance, methods of signal recognition and correction of errors in optical imaging systems. Proceeding from the evaluation of known solutions for register measurement, methods and strategies are demonstrated for a method of register measurement with conventional video technology using transfer register measurement as an example. Possibilities to proof the verification of the method, conclusions and desirable demands for the future, such as follow-up and further developments have been formulated.

No description available.

O presente trabalho foi realizado na cidade de São José do Rio Pardo (SP), tendo como objetivo a análise da percepção dos moradores das áreas urbanas e rural sobre os processos de degradação do Rio Pardo, bem como a análise da abordagem da imprensa escrita sobre os problemas ambientais da cidade, particularmente, sobre o rio Pardo. Para isto foram realizadas entrevistas para o levantamento das percepções dos moradores, bem como a análise documental para o levantamento da abordagem de temas ambientais pela imprensa escrita. Os resultados das entrevistas mostraram que os moradores estabeleceram uma relação entre a degradação do rio Pardo e as atividades humanas, sendo citadas as modificações nas características da água, na qualidade da água, na fauna de peixes e nos usos múltiplos da água. A análise do principal jornal da cidade mostrou que tal veículo dedicou um espaço considerável para a discussão da temática ambiental, nos últimos cinqüenta anos, sendo que, em alguns casos, essa discussão não estava isenta de interesses, geralmente políticos. As discussões dos resultados obtidos possibilitaram uma melhor compreensão das relações estabelecidas pela população da cidade de São José do Rio Pardo com o rio Pardo, sendo apresentadas sugestões que possam contribuir para a resolução dos problemas levantados. / The present work was done in the city of São José do Rio Pardo (SP), and its goal was the analysis of the city and countryside inhabitants\' perception of the processes of degradation of the Rio Pardo River, as well as the analysis of the printed press approach on the environmental problems of the city, particularly on the Rio Pardo River. Because of this, interviews were done to collect the inhabitants\' understanding, as well as the analysis of the documents to understand the approach given by the printed press on the environrnental themes. What we collected showed that the inhabitants can clearly establish a relationship between the degradation of the Rio Pardo River and the human activities, being mentioned the changes in the water characteristics, on the amount of water, on the fauna of fish and in the multiple use of the bodies of water. On the other hand, the analysis of the main newspaper in the city showed that this newspaper dedicated a remarkable space to the discussion of the environmental theme, in the last fifty years, and this discussion, in same cases, was not free of interests, generally political ones. The discussion of the results made possible a better understanding of the relationships established by the population of the city of São José do Rio Pardo with its river, and suggestions were presented to contribute with the solving of the found problems.

Zur genauen Justage und objektiven Qualitätsprüfung von Druckmaschinen ist ein hochgenaues Messgerät zur Passermessung sinnvoll. Ein solches Messsystem wurde unter Verwendung konventioneller Videotechnik basierend auf Bildanalysetechnologien entwickelt. Speziell für das Messsystem entworfene Messelemente werden zur Passermessung gedruckt, mit Videotechnik digitalisiert und mit Hilfe von Bildanalysetechnologien erkannt, bewertet und vermessen. Auf dem Entwicklungsweg zu diesem Messsystem wurden verschiedene Problemkreise analysiert und gelöst. Dazu zählen beispielsweise Methoden zur Signalerfassung und zur Korrektur von Fehlern in optischen Abbildungssystemen. Ausgehend von einer Bewertung bekannter Lösungen zur Passermessung werden Technologien und Strategien für ein Messverfahren zur Passermessung mit konventioneller Videotechnik am Beispiel der Übergabepassermessung aufgezeigt. Nachweismöglichkeiten zur Prüfung der Technologie und Schlussfolgerungen wie wünschenswerte Forderungen für die Zukunft, beispielsweise für Folge- und Weiterentwicklungen, werden formuliert. / A high-precision instrument for register measurement is useful for the exact adjustment and quality control of printing presses. Such a measuring system has been developed on the basis of image analysis methods and the application of conventional video technology. Measuring elements specially designed for the measuring system are printed for register measurement, digitalized with video technology and recognized, evaluated and measured with the help of image analysis methods. On the way to the development of this measuring system various complexes of problems were analysed and solved, among them, for instance, methods of signal recognition and correction of errors in optical imaging systems. Proceeding from the evaluation of known solutions for register measurement, methods and strategies are demonstrated for a method of register measurement with conventional video technology using transfer register measurement as an example. Possibilities to proof the verification of the method, conclusions and desirable demands for the future, such as follow-up and further developments have been formulated.

No description available.