En 1996 le Président de la République Jacques Chirac, suspendait le service national. Supprimant ainsi un vivier non négligeable de ressources que possédaient les armées. Depuis lors le ministère de la Défense à du trouver des moyens pour palier à ce déficit de recrutement, d’image et de compétences. Les armées n’ont eu d’autres choix que celui de communiquer pour attirer et de donner envie à des dizaines de milliers de jeunes de rejoindre les rangs des forces armées. Si le surnom de la « Grande Muette » colle à la peau de l’armée française, cette dernière a entrepris depuis des années des réformes visant à améliorer sa communication publique. Dans cette société ou l’instantanéité est un principe élémentaire, où les outils numériques sont légion, la Défense n’a d’autre choix qu’apprendre à se servir de ces nouvelles passerelles numériques pour faire parler d’elle. Ainsi se servant des nouvelles tendances et ayant analysé le comportement de la classe d’âge concernée (18-30 ans), le ministère de la Défense tente désespérément d’investir les réseaux sociaux afin d’occuper le champ de bataille médiatique pour faire parler de lui et tenter de recruter. / In 1196, the President of the French republic, Jacques Chirac suspends the military service. This action has for consequences to cut definitely the link between French army and the youth. Ever since the French army search a way for recruit young people. The ministry of defense has a bad reputation and suffers of a stereotypical image. For sort out of this deficit of renown the French army decide to use the digital tools for speak at the youth. Nowadays the young people can live without smartphone, internet or Facebook. For that the French ministry of Defense tries to invade the mediatized battlefield.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This paper introduces a unified model for organizational change that is designed to help change analysts think through the decision-making process. Most organizational leaders do not manage change effectively because they fail to acquire the minimum amount of information necessary to make a sound decision. In large part, this deficiency is a result of considering only a small part of the organization’s total change reality, which can be expressed in terms of the following four categories: 1) Environment creates change, 2) Organization responds to environmental change, 3) Organization initiates new changes, and 4) Organization changes environment. Through the principle of diagnostic communication, leaders can adjust to the incoming changes [categories 1 and 2]. Through the principle of rhetorical communication, they can create effective outgoing changes [categories 3 and 4]. Through the principle of dialogical communication, they can achieve a strategic balance between too much conformity, which results from diagnostic communication in isolation, and too much non-conformity, which results from communication in isolation. By understanding and communicating about change from this multi-dimensional perspective, organizational leaders, both designated and non-designated, can learn to appreciate the extent to which they influence and are influenced by the larger cultural environment of which they are a part.

This thesis examines the media strategies employed by leading figures and organizations in the Russian political opposition landscape, namely Alexei Navalny's Anti-Corruption Foundation (ACF), Dmitry Gudkov's Secretariat of European Russians, Mikhail Khodorkovsky's Russian Action Committee, Feminist Anti-War Resistance, and Ilya Ponomarev. Using critical discourse analysis as its core methodology, the study aims to unravel the complex dynamics between stated values and media strategies. The strategies analyzed include 'Investigative Outreach,' 'Diaspora Engagement,' 'Media Magnate Mobilisation,' 'Grassroots Guerrilla Artivism,' and 'Dual Role Diplomacy.' The study is framed within the theoretical constructs of social constructivism and media frame theory. These frameworks allow for a critical examination of how the media strategies of these entities are socially constructed and framed, thereby shaping public perception and narrative. Key findings reveal that although these strategies amplify political reach and influence, they also pose challenges such as dilution of core messages and ethical quandaries.

New mass media impact on the nature of public communication and the use and gratification of existing mass media because each new medium is used and experienced differently. As a new mass medium, the Internet offers different forms of communication, such as Internet Relay Chat, Multi-User Dungeons and chatrooms. It has also combined traditional mass media, namely print, radio and television, into a single powerful medium. Due to the fact that the Internet is still an emerging medium, its long-term effects on the nature of public communication and traditional mass media warrants ongoing investigation. The first part (Part A) of this dissertation situates the Internet chronologically within the development of traditional mass media and their impact on public communication. Part B investigates Internet use among a group of professionals in South Africa. The objective is to identify how they use the Internet and the gratification they derive from it. / Communication Science / M.A. (Communication)

This thesis has an aim to bring theoretical and empirical knowledge, which can be used to improve quality of multi-agent based modelling of public opinion. In the theoretical part is introduced the analytical sociology as methodological basis and the theory of the public opinion process as substantive basis. Based on these theories is defined the aim of the empirical work: explore the stability of communication structures leading to emergence of mutual awareness of actors in the public debate. For the research are used news comments and its rating by other users from the news server iDNES.cz. The data are analyzed using social network analysis. It is revealed that a number of characteristics is applicable to multi-agent model. At the same time work brings interesting findings about the internet discussion and public communication. The main empirical finding is that despite large turn-over of discussing individuals, communication structures remain stable over time.

Esta dissertação toma como ponto de partida o conceito de comunicação pública, ainda em desenvolvimento no Brasil, em diálogo com autores estrangeiros (França, Itália e Colômbia) e nacionais, para destacar, dentre os possíveis agentes de comunicação pública, o próprio Estado, uma vez que este tem o dever de informar (art. 5º, inciso XXXIII da CF) e de dar publicidade a seus atos. Com isso, alia Direito e Sociologia aos estudos da comunicação, em conformidade com dois princípios constitucionais da administração pública brasileira: a publicidade e a impessoalidade (art. 37). Este estudo constata que, a partir da redemocratização brasileira, houve uma transição, no âmbito do Estado, do conceito de \"comunicação governamental\", entendida aqui como aquela voltada à construção da imagem de governos e governantes, para a comunicação pública, que é aquela cujo olhar volta-se aos interesses da coletividade, auxiliando no acesso e conhecimento das políticas públicas, no acompanhamento da aplicação dos recursos públicos e na garantia de maior participação da sociedade nos assuntos do Estado. Assim, a partir de um estudo de caso - a Superintendência do Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária de São Paulo (Incra-SP) -, a presente dissertação analisa como se deu a relação entre o Estado e a sociedade, no que tange ao direito à informação de posse dos órgãos públicos, principalmente a partir do relacionamento entre a comunicação social do órgão e os media, durante o segundo mandato do presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2007 a 2010). / This dissertation takes as a starting point the concept of public communication, still in development in Brazil, in dialog with foreign (France, Italy and Colombia) and local authors to highlight, among possible agents of public communication, the State itself, once it has the obligation to inform (art. 5º, incise XXXIII of the federal Constitution) and to publicize its acts. In this ally\'s law and sociology to communication studies, according with two constitutional principles of Brazilian public administration: publicity and impersonality (art. 37). This study considers that from the Brazilian re-democratization there was a transition, within the Brazilian State, of the concept of \"governmental communication\" understood here as the one used to build the image of the government and the governors, to the public communication, which is the one who should look over the interests of the collectivity, helping to promote the knowledge and access to governmental programs, following the public investments and granting more social participation in government issues. So, from a case study - the Superintendência do Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária de São Paulo (Incra-SP) -, the present dissertation analyses how was the relationship between the State and the society, about the right to access information uphold by the public institutions, mainly from the relationship between the institutions social communications office and the media during the second term of the president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva government.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T13:42:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edson Gil Santos Junior.pdf: 5077840 bytes, checksum: bcc5f1f9542cd40b7cb781e8c7675a7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-16 / This study uses the labor practices of the diffusion sector of Assembleia Legislativa do Paraná (Alep) and consequently the TV Sinal that produces the journalistic content of the said institution site, to give an overview of the work done for the people and identify if the work is of journalism, media relations or journalism source. Taking into account the current Brazilian legislation, the use of digital technologies such as the change of the behavior of professionals. For this, the research uses a methodology with various techniques, for example, content analysis, participant observation and in-depth interviews to discern in what moments the work of these journalists can be considered a corporate communication or public communication since the cost of this structure comes from the taxpayer and from not the head of the legislature. The result points to a journalism source and media changing in Alep, due to increased transparency of public data, as well as using objectivity as a tool to achieve credibility and so, in a pluralized journalism context, the great demand information available to consolidate as a reliable expert reference, compared to other means to address the legislative public issue. / O presente estudo se utiliza das práticas laborais do setor de Divulgação da Assembleia Legislativa do Paraná (Alep) e por consequência da TV Sinal, que produzem o conteúdo jornalístico do portal da referida instituição, para traçar um panorama do trabalho prestado para a população e identificar se o trabalho é jornalismo, assessoria de imprensa ou jornalismo da fonte, levando em conta a legislação brasileira vigente, o uso das tecnologias digitais, como a própria mudança de comportamento dos profissionais. Para isso, a pesquisa se utiliza de uma metodologia com diversas técnicas como, por exemplo, análise de conteúdo, observação participante e entrevistas em profundidade para discernir em que momentos o trabalho destes jornalistas pode ser considerado de comunicação institucional ou de comunicação pública, uma vez que o custo desta estrutura é oriundo do contribuinte e não do chefe do poder legislativo. O resultado aponta para um jornalismo da fonte e assessoria de imprensa em transformação na Alep,devido a maior transparência dos dados públicos, como também se utilizando da objetividade como ferramenta para alcançar a credibilidade e assim, em um contexto de jornalismo pluralizado, pela grande demanda de informações disponíveis, se consolidar como referência especializada confiável, frente a outros meios que abordam o tema público legislativo.

O presente trabalho de pesquisa propôs-se, ao final do doutorado, uma pesquisa-ação-participante, objetivando a constituição de ítens metodológicos para pesquisas empíricas em deliberação online, nos grupos de redes sociais digitais. Inicialmente o objetivo era desenvolver um aplicativo que possibilitasse a coleta de dados online, para que perfis participantes de grupos de redes sociais digitais pudessem deliberar sobre temas de políticas públicas, notadamente na área educacional. Durante o trabalho de pesquisa, os cenários políticos e econômicos indicaram mudanças sociais que refletiram nas possibilidades de coletas dos dados. Algumas noções sobre liberdade de expressão, censura, autocensura e novas epistemologias, aqui denominadas educomunicativas, guiaram as decisões sobre observação das conversações digitais e o resultado para a elaboração de políticas públicas. Concluímos com a indicação de formatos para design de ferramentas online para deliberação pública nas redes sociais digitais, e observamos que esses espaços não aumentam ou diminuem a democracia, mas somente são um recurso a mais para aquelas pessoas que acreditam na importância da participação cívica e política. / At the end of the PhD, the research was proposed as an action-participant research, aiming at the constitution of methodological items for empirical research in online deliberation in digital social network groups. Initially, the objective was to develop an application that would allow the collection of data online, so that profiles from digital social networking groups could deliberate on public policy issues, especially in the educational area. During the research work, the political and economic scenarios indicated social changes that reflected in the possibilities of collecting the data. Some notions about freedom of expression, censorship, self-censorship and new epistemologies, here denominated educomunicativas, guided the decisions about observation of the digital conversations and the result for the elaboration of public policies. We conclude with the indication of formats for designing online tools for public deliberation in digital social networks, and we note that these spaces do not increase or decrease democratic spaces, but they are only an additional resource for those who believe in the importance of civic participation and policy.

Il lavoro di tesi consiste in una ricerca empirica sulla comunicazione del tema alimentare. Attorno al cibo si sono recentemente aggregati molti interessi: sociali, economici, industriali, commerciali, politici, mediatici ma anche scientifici. Si tratta di questioni importanti che coinvolgono l’opinione pubblica e attraggono l’attenzione dei media. In una società fortemente mediatizzata diventa rilevante osservare come il discorso pubblico sul cibo e l’alimentazione vada configurandosi nella sfera pubblica. Inoltre, l’insorgenza di numerosi progetti tecnoscientifici che coinvolgono il settore alimentare non possono non suggerire di guardare al cibo, e al suo simbolismo, come un oggetto privilegiato attraverso cui osservare anche i rapporti tra scienza, tecnologia e società. In questo studio si è iniziato a esplorare le caratteristiche della narrazione e della presenza del tema alimentare nell’arena pubblica attraverso un'analisi dei maggiori quotidiani italiani. Una prima analisi longitudinale, nel periodo 1992-2013, ha identificato – attraverso un’innovativa procedura di analisi testuale (topic detection) - la presenza di alcuni temi emergenti. Successivamente, si è proceduto a focalizzare la nostra attenzione sull'ultimo periodo (2010-2016), al fine di concentrarsi sulla maggior parte degli eventi recenti e di verificare se il discorso mediale sul cibo e l’alimentazione abbia assunto nuova rilevanza o nuove forme nell'agenda dei media e nella discussione pubblica. Il lavoro di ricerca si compone di altre due tipi differenti di analisi: da un lato, si discuteranno i risultati emersi dalla realizzazione di tre focus group che ci hanno fornito utili indicazioni sul rapporto tra cibo, media e opinione pubblica; dall’altro abbiamo cercato di individuare una relazione tra copertura mediatica e atteggiamenti espressi dall’opinione pubblica utilizzando un «indice di rischio» e i dati provenienti da alcune survey europee. / Thesis work consists in empirical research on the communication of the food theme, in a techno-scientific framework. Recently, nutrition has been linked to a lot of interests: social, economical, industrial, commercial, political, media but also scientific ones. These are significant issues that concern the public opinion and attract the media attention. In a society that revolves strongly around media, it becomes relevant to observe how the public discourse on themes like food and nutrition is being shaped among the public sphere. In addition, the rising of several techno-scientific projects that concern the field of nutrition cannot help but suggest to look at nutrition, and its symbolism, like a privileged object through which one can also observe the existing ties between science, technology and society. This study started by exploring the characteristics of the narrative of the food theme and its presence in the public arena through an analysis of the main Italian daily newspapers. One former longitudinal analysis, in the time-span 1992-2013, found- through an innovative tool of textual analysis ( topic detection)- the presence of some emerging themes. Next, we shifted our attention to the last period (2010-2016), with the aim to focus on the majority of the recent events and to verify whether the media discourse on food and nutrition gained new relevance or forms in the media agenda and in the public discussion. The research work is composed of two other different kind of analysis: on the one hand, it will discuss the emerging results from three focus groups that provided useful indications on the relationship between food, media and the public opinion; on the other hand, we sought to identify a relation between media coverage and the attitudes of the public opinion by adopting a “risk indicator” and the data from certain European surveys.

New mass media impact on the nature of public communication and the use and gratification of existing mass media because each new medium is used and experienced differently. As a new mass medium, the Internet offers different forms of communication, such as Internet Relay Chat, Multi-User Dungeons and chatrooms. It has also combined traditional mass media, namely print, radio and television, into a single powerful medium. Due to the fact that the Internet is still an emerging medium, its long-term effects on the nature of public communication and traditional mass media warrants ongoing investigation. The first part (Part A) of this dissertation situates the Internet chronologically within the development of traditional mass media and their impact on public communication. Part B investigates Internet use among a group of professionals in South Africa. The objective is to identify how they use the Internet and the gratification they derive from it. / Communication Science / M.A. (Communication)