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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
841

Föräldrars erfarenheter av transition från neonatalvårdavdelning till hemmet : En litteraturstudie / Parents’ experiences of transition from neonatal care unit to home : A literature review

Ankerson, Elin, Zerka, Zakia January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund: Ett barn kan behöva vård på NVA av olika anledningar. För att familjen ska känna trygghet inför transitionen till hemmet krävs god planering och samverkan i hela vårdkedjan, från NVA till BHV. Det skapar förutsättning för att främja hälsa hos familjen. Föräldrar är med stöd av specialistsjuksköterskan viktiga för barnets utveckling och välbefinnande. Tidigare forskning visar att föräldrar som är delaktiga i sitt barns omvårdnad blir trygga att själva vårda barnet vilket stärker anknytningen och kan leda till en kortare vårdtid på NVA. Specialistsjuksköterskan är den som har kunskap om transitionens innebördoch kan anpassa stöd efter familjens behov för att bibehålla hälsa. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva föräldrars erfarenheter av transition från neonatal vårdavdelning till hemmet. Metod: En scoping review som analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Tre huvudteman framkom; Utskrivningens betydelse för framtiden, En förändrad livsvärld och Föräldrars behov. Det första temat består av tre subteman; Att känna glädje och oro inför hemgång som belyser föräldrars ambivalenta känslor kopplade till transition till hemmet och vikten av kompetent vårdpersonal för att föräldrar ska känna trygghet. Att inte känna sig inkluderad som pappa visar på pappors känslor av att inte bli inkluderade i sitt barns vård som gör att de upplever en svårighet att stötta sin partner och barn. Att förbättra transitionen till hemmet belyser föräldrars olika perspektiv av förberedelse inför transition. Det andra temat innehåller tre subteman; Att vara i sin hemmiljö beskriver föräldrars erfarenheter av att komma hem med sitt barn. Att få nya perspektiv på livet belyser föräldrars upplevelse av att bli föräldrar först när barnet kommer hem men också upplevelser av att kunna leva vidare efter transitionen. Att vilja skydda barnet innehåller upplevelser och erfarenheter av att skapa en vardag med barnet. I det tredje temat framkom två subteman; Att få stöd i sin föräldraroll beskriver olika former av stöd som föräldrar upplever i transitionen och Strategier för att hantera situationen tar upp metoder som föräldrar fann stöd genom. Slutsats: Det kan innebära en stor utmaning för föräldrar att få ett barn som behöver vård på NVA. Transitionen till hemmet behöver förberedelse. Föräldrar upplevde trygghet och kände mindre ambivalens när de fick stöd och vägledning från vårdpersonal. Föräldrar som gjorts delaktiga i sitt barns omvård på NVA kunde uppleva transitionen mer glädjefylld än de som inte fått den erfarenheten. Specialistsjuksköterskan har en viktig roll i att underlätta transitionen för föräldrar för att de ska känna sig trygga och säkra i att själva vårda barnet hemma. Ytterligare kompetens och stöd från specialistsjuksköterskan behövs för att transitionen ska upplevas trygg och säker för föräldrar. / Background: There can be various reasons for a child needing care in neonatal care unit. Forthe family to feel secure before the transition to home, good planning and cooperation is required throughout the continuity of patientcare, from neonatal care unit to children healthcare services. It creates conditions for promoting health in the family. Parents, with the support of the nurse specialist, are important for the child’s development and well-being. Previous research shows that parents who are involved in their child’s care become confident in caring for the child themselves, which strengthens the connection and can lead to a shorter period of care at the neonatal care unit. The nurse specialist is the one who has knowledge of the meaning of the transition and can adapt support to the family’s needs to maintain health. Aim: The aim was to describe parents’ experiences of the transition from neonatal care unit to home. Method: A scoping review that was analysed with qualitative content analysis. Results: Three main themes emerged in the result; The importance of the transition, A changed life world and Parents’needs. The first theme consists of three subthemes; Feeling joy and anxiety before going homewhich highlights parent’s ambivalent feelings connected to the transition home and the importance of competent healthcare professionals for parents to feel security. Not feeling included as a father shows fathers’ feelings of not being included in their child’s care, which makes them experience difficulty in supporting their partners and child. Improving the transition to the home highlights parents’ different perspectives of preparation for transition.The second theme contains three subthemes; Being in their home environment describes parents’ experiences of coming home with their child. Gaining new perspectives in lifehighlights parents’ experiences of becoming parents when the child comes home, but also experiences of being able to continue living after the transition. Wanting to protect the childincludes experiences and perspectives of creating a daily life with the child. In the third theme, two subthemes emerged; Getting support in the parental role describes different types of support that parents experience during the transition and Strategies to handle the situationexplain methods that parents found support through. Conclusion: It might imply a great challenge when parents get a child in need of care at neonatal care unit. The transition to home needs preparation. Parents experienced security and felt less ambivalence when they get through nursing staff got support and guidance. Parents who been involved in their child’s care in the neonatal care unit experienced the transition more joyous than parents who was not involved. The nurse specialist has an important role in facilitating the transition. To make the parents secure and safe taking care of their child at home. Further competence of parents’experiences requires in both neonatal care units and in child health services.
842

Beställningsfilm som arkivdokument : En jämförande diskursanalys mellan svenska och amerikanska arkiv / Non-theatrical Film as Archival Document : A Comparative Discourse Analysis between Swedish and American Archives

Olsson, Nanna January 2023 (has links)
The subject of non-theatrical films is an understudied topic in archival science. This paper shows how the different approaches to censorship measures that were in play during the 1920s have affected the archiving of non-theatrical films. In the advent of technical and artistic advancement of the film medium, non-theatrical film production had become a prolific business in both the USA and Sweden during the 1920s. At this point in time, filmmaking had become sophisticated enough to tackle more ambitious narratives, while non-fiction filmmaking was still in its gestational period before the 1930s when documentary filmmaking started to be regarded as an art form. As two major film nations of the 1920s, American and Swedish lobbying groups had different views on censorship legislation. In 1911, Sweden founded the first federal censorship bureau in the world, Statens biografbyrå. In America on the other hand, the National Board of Review vehemently opposed any federal attempts to legislate the contents of film. Instead, the National Board of Review implemented a different tactic to sanitize film by incentivizing high quality filmmaking through different strategies that were based on film producers’ voluntary cooperation. Through comparative critical discourse analysis of two case studies, this study found that the archival findings from Tullbergs film and Baumer films were symptomatic of being created during the evidence paradigm, as defined by Terry Cook, where the most useful documentation could be found in state institutions exerting control over film.
843

Teachers’ Situation-Specific Skills With a Particular Focus on Classroom Management / Evidence From a Systematic Review and Novice-Expert Studies

Stahnke, Rebekka 05 July 2021 (has links)
Situations-spezifische Fertigkeiten sind ein wichtiger Teil von Lehrerexpertise und insbesondere im Bereich des Klassenmanagements bedeutsam. Vor dem Hintergrund der Kompetenz- und Expertiseforschung synthetisiert die vorliegende Dissertation bisherige Befunde systematisch und untersucht, wie sich Novizen- und Expertenlehrpersonen in ihren Fertigkeiten hinsichtlich des Klassenmanagements unterscheiden. Studie 1 fasst den Forschungsstand in einem systematischen Review von 60 empirischen Studien zusammen und arbeitet Erkenntnisse zu Fertigkeiten und ihrer Förderung sowie zum konzeptuellen Rahmen der Studien heraus. Für Studie 2 und Studie 3 werden die Fertigkeiten von 20 Noviz*innen und 20 Expert*innen mit Hilfe von Videoausschnitten untersucht, die für das Klassenmanagement relevante Ereignisse zeigen. Studie 2 erforscht mit Hilfe von Eye-Tracking-Methoden insbesondere die Fertigkeit der Wahrnehmung sowie formatspezifische Expertiseeffekte. Es fand sich bei Expert*innen ein Fokus auf Schüler*innen, während Noviz*innen vor allem beim Partnerarbeitsformat weniger ausgeprägte Fertigkeiten zeigten. Studie 3 untersucht anhand von retrospektiven verbalen Analysen Expertiseeffekte hinsichtlich des Wahrnehmens, Interpretierens und Entscheidens. Expertise war erneut durch einen Fokus auf Schüler*innen gekennzeichnet. Zudem boten Expert*innen mehr Handlungsmöglichkeiten an als Noviz*innen. Zusammenfassend lässt sich feststellen, dass Expert*innen vor allem hinsichtlich des Entscheidens überlegen sind. Weiterhin deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass offenere Unterrichtsformate für Noviz*innen besonders herausfordernd sind. Die Bedeutung der Ergebnisse wird hinsichtlich der allgemeinen Expertise- und Kompetenzforschung sowie der Klassenmanagementforschung diskutiert. Die Studien zeigen theoretische Inkohärenz hinsichtlich des Konstrukts situations-spezifischer Fertigkeiten auf, sowie eine starke Fokussierung bisheriger Forschung auf Störungen in Frontalunterrichtsszenen. / Situation-specific skills are an important part of teacher expertise and are particularly relevant in the area of classroom management. Against the background of general and classroom management-specific teacher competence and expertise research, this dissertation systematically synthesized previous findings and also investigated how novice and expert teachers differ in their skills with regard to classroom management. Study 1 summarized the state of research in a systematic review of 60 empirical studies, thereby identifying insights into teachers’ skills and their facilitation, as well as the conceptual frameworks of the studies. For Study 2 and Study 3, the skills of 20 novice and 20 expert teachers were examined using video clips that show events relevant to classroom management. Study 2 investigated format-specific expertise effects and, in particular, the skill of perception by using eye tracking methods. Experts were found to focus on students and their learning, while novices showed less pronounced skills, especially in the partner work format. Using teachers’ retrospective verbal analyses of classroom management events, Study 3 examined expertise effects with respect to teachers’ perception, interpretation and decision-making. Again, expertise was characterized by a focus on students. In addition, experts proposed more alternative courses of action than novices. In summary, it can be concluded that experts are superior to novices especially with regard to the skill of decision-making. Furthermore, the results indicate that more open formats of instruction are particularly challenging for novices. The relevance of the results is discussed with regard to general expertise and competence research as well as classroom management research. The studies point to theoretical ambiguities regarding the construct of situation-specific skills, as well as an overemphasis of previous research on behavioral management in whole-group instruction settings.
844

CSR reporting for the capital market: Perspectives, enabling factors, and implementation of transparency

Weuster, Carl William 12 May 2021 (has links)
The topic of transparency in CSR reporting provides several opportunities for research. This dissertation contributes to three of them, over the course of three research manuscripts. Research on CSR reporting has produced an extensive literature. Scholars have reviewed this literature with varying extensiveness and points of view. However, the question whether CSR reports overall provide decision-useful information to capital markets has received little attention. Thus, the first manuscript provides such a review of the empirical literature and its major findings. One potential influence on the quality of CSR reports may be the fact whether a report is externally assured by an independent party. The second manuscript thus investigates how external assurance is associated with principles of CSR reporting quality at the firm level. The third manuscript is concerned with the practical implementation of transparency in CSR.
845

Cochrane ‘Living’ Systematic Review on Diagnostic Accuracy of Imaging for COVID-19

Islam, Nayaar 28 September 2022 (has links)
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents diagnostic evaluation and patient management challenges, including uncertainty regarding the role of imaging tests. This series of reviews from the suite of Cochrane ‘living systematic reviews’ aims to evaluate the accuracy of chest imaging (computed tomography (CT), X-ray and ultrasound) for diagnosis and management of individuals with suspected COVID-19. Methods: The Bern COVID-19 Living Database, Cochrane COVID-19 Register, and CDC Library were searched through 30 September 2020 (for review version 3) and 17 February 2021 (for review version 4). Diagnostic accuracy studies involving participants with suspected COVID-19 were included. Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessments (using the QUADAS-2 tool) were completed independently, in duplicate. Pooled accuracy estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using a bivariate random effects model. Results: In the third version of the review, chest CT (41 studies, 16133 participants, 8110 (50%) cases) had a pooled sensitivity of 87.9% (95%CI 84.6-90.6) and specificity of 80.0% (74.9-84.3). Chest X-ray (9 studies, 3694 participants, 2111 (57%) cases) had a pooled sensitivity of 80.6% (69.1-88.6) and specificity of 71.5% (59.8-80.8). Ultrasound of the lungs (5 studies, 446 participants, 211 (47%) cases) had a pooled sensitivity of 86.4% (72.7-93.9) and specificity of 54.6% (35.3-72.6). Indirect comparisons showed that chest CT gave higher specificity (P=0.0052) and similar sensitivity (P=0.77) compared to ultrasound. There were no differences (P≥0.05) in accuracy between CT and X‐ray, or X‐ray and ultrasound. In the fourth version of the review, chest CT (69 studies, 28285 participants, 14342 (51%) cases) had a pooled sensitivity of 86.9% (83.6-89.6) and specificity of 78.3% (73.7-82.3). Chest X‐ray (17 studies, 8530 participants, 5303 (62%) cases) had a pooled of sensitivity=73.1% (64.1-80.5) and specificity of 73.3% (61.9-82.2). Ultrasound of the lungs (15 studies, 2410 participants, 1158 (48%) cases) had a pooled sensitivity of 88.9% (84.9-92.0) and specificity of 72.2% (58.8-82.5). Indirect comparisons showed that chest CT and ultrasound had similar sensitivities (P=0.42), and each gave higher sensitivities than X-ray (P=0.0003 and P=0.001, respectively). All modalities had similar specificities (P≥0.05). Conclusion: The most recent evidence indicates that both chest CT and ultrasound of the lungs are sensitive and moderately specific for diagnosing individuals with suspected COVID-19, while chest X-ray is moderately sensitive and moderately specific. Chest CT and ultrasound may be useful for ruling out COVID‐19, but not for distinguishing COVID-19 from other illnesses. Research assessing the prognostic value of imaging for predicting morbidity and mortality in individuals with COVID-19 is underway and will also be published in the suite of Cochrane ‘living' systematic reviews.
846

Reconciling Potential and Practice / Towards the Implementation of Nature-based Solutions for Climate Change Mitigation

Schulte, Ingrid 13 December 2023 (has links)
In den letzten Jahren hat die Rolle naturbasierter Lösungen (Nature-based Solutions, NbS) –Aktivitäten, die in und mit der Natur arbeiten, um globale gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen zu bewältigen – bei der Abschwächung und Anpassung an den Klimawandel, dem Schutz der Artenvielfalt und der Verbesserung des menschlichen Wohlbefindens an Bedeutung gewonnen. Die Einführung von NbS verläuft jedoch weiterhin schleppend, und es besteht nach wie vor eine deutliche Kluft zwischen den langsamen Maßnahmen in großem Maßstab und den vielversprechenden Forschungsergebnissen und politischen Aussagen. Dies zeigt, dass es dringend notwendig ist, die Umsetzungsbedingungen für NbS besser zu verstehen. Derzeit ist die Evidenzbasis zu NbS noch unvollständig, insbesondere wenn es um die systematische Bewertung der Wirksamkeit und der Umsetzungsanforderungen geht. Insbesondere fehlen bei groß angelegten Bewertungen wichtige kontextbezogene Informationen über Kultur, Verhalten und andere soziale und institutionelle Faktoren. Auch die vielfältigen Vorteile von NbS werden nach wie vor unterschätzt oder in einigen Fällen überhaupt nicht gewürdigt. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es daher, politikrelevante Forschung zu betreiben, die dazu beitragen kann, die Lücke zwischen dem großen Potenzial naturbasierter Lösungen zur Bewältigung globaler Herausforderungen, insbesondere der Eindämmung des Klimawandels, und der langsamen Umsetzung in der Praxis zu schließen. Ausgehend von der vorhandenen Literatur zu NbS argumentiere ich, dass drei Bausteine für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung jeder NbS-Aktivität, insbesondere in großem Maßstab, wesentlich sind: (1) Wissenssynthese; (2) Planung und Entscheidungsfindung; (3) Politik und Finanzierungsmechanismen. In dieser Arbeit untersuche ich diese Bereiche, indem ich Nachweise und Überlegungen zu theoretischen und methodischen Lücken in ihrer Bewertung sowie neue Perspektiven beisteuere. / Recent years have seen increased attention to the role that nature-based solutions (NbS) – activities that work in and with nature to address global societal challenges – can play in mitigating and adapting to climate change, protecting biodiversity, and improving human well-being. Natural climate solutions (NCS) – a subset of NbS – can contribute up to a third of the cost-effective carbon dioxide mitigation needed to hold global warming below 2 degrees Celsius. To have the biggest effect on reducing global temperatures, however, NbS must be scaled up now and designed for the long-term. Yet, uptake of NbS continues to be slow and there remains a clear gap between the lagging action at scale and the promising research and policy narratives. This demonstrates an urgent need to better understand the implementation conditions for NbS. Currently, the evidence base on NbS remains incomplete, especially when it comes to systematically assessing effectiveness and implementation requirements. In particular, important contextual information on culture, behavior, and other social and institutional factors are lacking in large-scale assessments. The multiple benefits of NbS also remain undervalued, or in some cases are not valued at all. As such, the objective of this thesis is to conduct policy-relevant research that can contribute to closing the gap between the high potential for nature-based solutions to address global challenges, particularly climate change mitigation, and the realities of slow implementation in practice. Drawing on the existing literature on NbS, I argue that three building blocks are essential to driving successful implementation of any NbS activity, in particular at scale: (1) knowledge synthesis; (2) planning & decision-making; (3) policy & financing mechanisms. I explore these in this thesis, contributing evidence and reflection on theoretical and methodological gaps in their assessment, as well as new perspectives.
847

“I min familj, är min pappa lite dum mot min mamma” : En scoping review om barns upplevelser av våld i nära relation / ”In my family, my dad is a bit bad towards my mom” : A scoping review about children's experiences of intimate partner violence

Nordlund, Camilla, Edberg, Louise January 2024 (has links)
Bakgrund: Våld i nära relation är ett stort samhällsproblem såväl globalt som nationellt. Uppemot vart tionde barn i Sverige växer upp med att uppleva våld i nära relation. Att belysa barns upplevelser av våld bidrar i denna studie till en djupare kunskap för våldets karaktär samt våldets påverkan på anknytningen mellan barn och dess vårdnadshavare. Syfte: Syftet med den här studien är att syntetisera och analysera hur tidigare forskning beskriver barns upplevelser av våld i nära relation. Metod: Denna studie är en litteraturöversikt där 16 primärstudier samlades in och analyserades med en tematisk analysmetod. Resultatet belyser hur barn på skilda sätt upplever våld i hemmet, samt hur de bär på enkänsla av rädsla och oro inför våldet. Resultatet visar även på att barnen inte är passiva åskådare till våldet, utan alla barn agerar på något sätt i samband med att våldet uppstår. / Background: Intimate partner violence is a major societal problem both globally and nationally. Up to one in ten children in Sweden grows up experiencing intimate partner violence. Illuminating children's experiences of violence in this study contributes to a deeper knowledge of the character of violence and the impact of violence on the attachment between children and their guardians. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to synthesize and analyze how previous research describes children´s experiences of intimate partner violence. Method: This study is a literature review where 16 primary studies were collected and analyzed using a thematic analysis method. Result: The results highlight how children experience violence in their own home in different ways, as well as how they carry a feeling of fear and anxiety in front of the violence. The results also show that children are not passive spectators to the violence, but all children act in some way in connection with the violence occuring.
848

Ett föräldraskap med utmaningar, utan förutsättningar : En scoping-review om intellektuell funktionsnedsättning och föräldraskap ur ett föräldraperspektiv. / A parenting with challenges, without prerequisites : A scoping-review on intellectual disabilities and parenting from a parental perspective.

Sundman, Robyn January 2024 (has links)
Förevarande studie hade som syfte att genom en scoping-review sammanställa en översikt av forskningsläget kring föräldrar med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning ur ett föräldraperspektiv. Resultatet analyserades i enlighet med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys och analysen utgjordes av teoretiska kopplingar till teorierna stigma samt socialt stöd. Resultatet visade att föräldrar med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning upplever utmaningar i sitt föräldraskap så som upplevelser av att bemöta fördomar, maktlöshet samt utanförskap. Studiens resultat visade också att föräldrarna hade ett behov av stöd i sitt föräldraskap men att de haft negativa upplevelser av det. Studiens slutsats konstaterar att föräldrar med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning idag inte har rätt förutsättningar för att bedriva sitt föräldraskap med framgång. Det sociala arbetets praktik är i behov av bättre bemötande och mer kunskap om intellektuell funktionsnedsättning generellt och föräldraskap med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning i synnerhet. Föräldrarnas upplevelser måste synliggöras och stödinsatserna måste effektiviseras för att skapa bättre förutsättningar för föräldrar med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning att lyckas i sitt föräldraskap. / The aim of the present study was to, through a scoping-review, compile an overview of the research landscape concerning parents with intellectual disabilities from a parental perspective. The results were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, incorporating theoretical connections to the concepts of stigma and social support. The findings revealed that parents with intellectual disabilities face challenges in their parenthood, such as encountering prejudices, powerlessness and social exclusion. The study`s results also indicated that these parents have a need for support in their parenting, but that they had negative experiences with it. The study concludes that parents with intellectual disabilities currently lack the necessary conditions to successfully engage in parenting. Social work practice needs improved responsiveness and greater understanding of intellectual disability in general and parenting with intellectual disability in particular. The experience of parents must be brought to light and support interventions need to be streamlined to create better conditions for parents with intellectual disabilities to succeed in their parenting.
849

När livet är annorlunda : En litteraturstudie om barns upplevelse av att ha ett syskon med NPF-diagnos eller intellektuell funktionsnedsättning / When life is different : Literature Review on Children's Experiences of Having a Sibling with a Neurodevelopmental Disorder or Intellectual Disability

Svensson, Klara, Svemark, Tilde January 2024 (has links)
Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur barn vars syskon har en neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning eller intellektuell funktionsnedsättning påverkas och upplever att det är att leva med ett syskon med en funktionsnedsättning. Studien utförs som en kvalitativ litteraturstudie i form av en scoping-review. 15 vetenskapliga artiklar identifierades och sammanställdes utifrån tematisk analysmetod. De vetenskapliga artiklarna analyserades efter Goffmans teori om stigma, Eriksons utvecklingsteori och Bronfenbrenners utvecklingsekologiska perspektiv. Resultatet visade att barn vars syskon har en neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning eller intellektuell funktionsnedsättning behöver göra anpassningar och kompromisser i sin vardag relaterat till syskonets svårigheter och behov av anpassningar. Flertalet sociala konsekvenser identifierades då barnen sällan vågade bjuda hem vänner samt valde att stanna hemma för att inte riskera att bli mobbad eller retad på grund av sitt syskon. Många av barnen behövde ta ett stort ansvar för sitt syskon i en tidig ålder vilket resulterade i att de mognade snabbare än andra jämnåriga. Det framkom även att barnen utvecklade positiva egenskaper som empati, tålamod och acceptans. / The aim of this study is to investigate how children with siblings who have a neuropsychiatric disability or intellectual disability experience their everyday life and how it has affected them. The study is conducted as a qualitative literature review as a scoping review. Fifteen scientific articles were identified and compiled using thematic analysis methods. The scientific articles were analyzed based on Goffman's theory of stigma, Erikson's developmental theory, and Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory. The results showed that children with siblings who have a neuropsychiatric disability or intellectual disability need to make adjustments and compromises in their daily lives related to their sibling's difficulties and need for adaptation. Several social consequences were identified, as the children rarely dared to invite friends home and often chose to stay at home to avoid the risk of being bullied or teased because of their sibling. Many of the children had to take on significant responsibilities for their sibling at an early age, which resulted in them maturing faster than their peers. It also emerged that the children developed positive qualities such as empathy, patience, and acceptance.
850

Sjuksköterskors upplevelser och erfarenheter av palliativ vård i hemmet : En litteraturöversikt / Nurses' perceptions and experiences with palliative care at home : a literature review

Nur, Maryan Ahmed, Canalini, Maria Jil January 2024 (has links)
Bakgrund Palliativ vård handlar om att ge vård till patienter med obotlig sjukdom. Målet med vården är helhetssyn på patienten för att tillgodose patientens fysiska, psykiska, sociala och existentiella behov samt att ge stöd till närstående. Att ha kunskap och utbildning inom området är viktigt eftersom allt flera patienter väljer att få palliativ vård i sitt eget hem. Syfte Att beskriva sjuksköterskor upplevelser och erfarenheter av palliativ vård i hemmet. Metod Litteraturöversikten baseras på 13 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Artiklarna söktes i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL och var publicerades mellan åren 2015 och 2024. Artiklarnas dataanalys genomfördes genom att följa Friberg (2017) olika steg. Resultat Sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter genererade tre huvudkategorier med sina respektive underkategorier: Att etablera en god relation: Vårdrelation till patienter och deras närstående, Stödstrategier till patienter och närstående och Kommunikation och samarbete med andra i vårdteamet. Bristande förutsättningar för en god vård i hemmet: Behov av kompetens och Tidsbrist. Hemmet som vårdmiljö: Att skapa en trygg och säker miljö i hemmet och Att visa respekt för den privata sfären. Slutsats Sjuksköterskor har en central roll inom palliativ vård och möter olika utmaningar när de tillhandhåller palliativ vård i hemmet. Att hantera dessa utmaningar på ett effektivt sätt är avgörande för att säkerställa att patienter och deras närstående får vård av god kvalitet ihemmet. / Background Palliative care is about providing care to patients living with incurable diseases. The goal of the care is a holistic approach to the patient to address their physical, psychological, social, and existential needs and to provide support to family members. To have knowledge and education in the field is important as more and more patients are choosing to receive palliative care at home. Aim To describe nurses' perceptions and experiences of palliative care at home. Method The literature review is based on 13 qualitative and quantitative scientific articles. The articles were searched in the databases PubMed and CINAHL and were published between 2015 and 2024. The articles' data analysis was carried out by following Friberg's (2017) different steps. Results The nurses' experiences generated three main categories with their respective subcategories: Establishing a good relationship: Care relationship with patients and their relatives, Support strategies for patients and relatives and Communication and co-operation with other members of the care team. Insufficient conditions for good care in the home: Need for competence and Lack of time. The home as a care setting: Creating a safe and secure environment in the home and respecting the private sphere. Conclusions Nurses play a central role in palliative care and face various challenges when providing palliative care at home. Addressing these challenges effectively is essential to ensure that patients and their families receive good quality care at home.

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