La tesis analiza un corpus de 74 cederrones dedicados a la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera fechados mayoritariamente entre los años 1997 y 2007 con los siguientes objetivos: a) determinar el panorama de este tipo de soporte a partir de sus características intrínsecas, de acuerdo con las teorías de las adquisición de segundas lenguas y, especialmente, las de enseñanza de lenguas asistida por ordenador. b) establecer el eventual rendimiento de esos materiales didácticos concretos en ese soporte en el proceso de enseñanza / aprendizaje del ELE a partir de sus características intrínsecas. c) diseñar, en relación con lo anterior, unos instrumentos de análisis didáctico y también de valoración. d) finalmente, subordinado a los resultados del análisis, proponer una serie de recomendaciones didácticas (y en menor medida técnicas) para el diseño, implantación y uso de estos materiales en este u otros soportes análogos.

Étude de type ethnographique et géographique sur les circulations migratoires d'un groupe de roms de Roumanie dans différents pays et contextes européens depuis 1989 jusqu'à nos jours

This volume brings together twenty-eight papers from an International conference on attitudes towards the past and the creating of identities in Antiquity. The volume addresses many different approaches to these issues, spanning over many centuries, ranging in time from the Prehistoric periods to the Late Antiquity, and covering large areas, from Britain to Greece and Italy and to Asia Minor and Cyprus. The papers deal with several important problems, such as the use of tradition and memory in shaping an individual or a collective identity, continuity and/or change and the efforts to connect the past with the present. Among the topics discussed are the interpretation of literary texts, e.g. a play by Plautus, the Aeneid, a speech by Lykurgos, poems by Claudian and Prudentius, and of historical texts and inscriptions, e.g. funerary epigrams, and the analysis of the iconography of Roman coins, Etruscan reliefs, Pompeian and Etruscan frescoes and Cypriote sculpture, and of architectural remains of houses, tombs and temples. Other topics are religious festivals, such as the Lupercalia, foundation myths, the image of the emperor on coins and in literature, the significance of intra-urban burials, forgeries connected with the Trojan War, Hippocrates and Roman martyrs.

Main goal of this master´s thesis is to propose and implement improvements to an original purely raster version of Flame Painter editor. An enhancement of the undo/redo system with emphasise to its functionality and memory requirements has been implemented. Moreover, the editor was extended by adding an ability to edit brush strokes using vector primitives which effectively assist the user in future stroke editing. This project was created in cooperation with employees of the Escape Motions Company.

Scannende MEMS-Mikrospiegel stellen eine vielversprechende technologische Entwicklung mit potentiellen Anwendungen im Bereich der miniaturisierten Bildprojektion und Umgebungssensierung dar. Im Regelfall oszilliert das Spiegelelement hierbei resonant um die horizontale Achse, während die vertikale Achse statisch ausgelenkt wird. Somit ergibt sich ein sogenannter Raster-Scan. Während eine resonante Aktuierung in MEMS-Technologie im Frequenzbereich mehrerer kHz effizient umgesetzt werden kann, stellt die Implementierung statischer Antriebe eine Herausforderung dar. In dieser Arbeit wird ein neuartiges Aktuierungskonzept vorgestellt, das effizientere quasi-statische Auslenkung ermöglicht. Hierfür wird der Drehimpuls, der durch die hochfrequente horizontale Schwingung erzeugt wird, durch eine weitere resonante Oszillation ähnlicher Frequenz gestört, wodurch sich ein für die quasi-statische Auslenkung nutzbares Drehmoment ergibt. Da gyroskopische Effekte ausgenutzt werden, die nicht in aktuellen auf Modalanalyse basierenden Simulationsmethoden berücksichtigt sind, werden Starrkörper- und transiente FEM-Modelle entwickelt, um die Realisierbarkeit des Antriebskonzepts simulatorisch zu verifizieren. Im Rahmen der durch den genutzten Prozess gegebenen Randbedingungen werden daraufhin Aktuierungselemente für die resonanten Achsen erarbeitet und mit diesen zwei Designvarianten eines 2D-Mikrospiegels erstellt. Nach modellbasierter Verifikation werden diese in einer MEMS-Fertigungslinie prozessiert. Mit den generierten Mustern wird dann eine vollständige experimentelle Charakterisierung unter Nutzung eines speziell erstellten FPGA-basierten Evaluations-Boards durchgeführt. Beide Design-Varianten zeigen hierbei voll funktionsfähige Sensierungs- und Aktuierungselemente. Es kann ein erfolgreicher Nachweis der Funktionsfähigkeit des neuartigen Antriebskonzepts vollbracht werden. Die dabei gezeigte 2D-Projektion erreicht Winkel von 12° x 1.8° / Scanning MEMS micromirrors are an emergent technology for compact form factor image projection and environment sensing applications. Commonly the mirror element oscillates resonantly along the horizontal axis, whereas it is deflected statically along the vertical axis, performing a so called raster scan. While resonant actuation can be implemented efficiently in MEMS, static deflection however remains challenging. In this thesis a novel actuation concept for 2D MEMS micromirrors is introduced that potentially enables efficient quasi-static actuation. Therefore the angular momentum that is generated by the high frequency resonant axis is disturbed by an orthogonal resonant oscillation of similar frequency, leading to a torque that can be utilized to achieve an indirect quasi-static deflection. As in this case gyroscopic effects are exploited that are usually not considered in state of the art modal finite element based MEMS simulation, in order to validate the feasibility of the actuation concept rigid body and transient finite element based models are developed and simulation studies conducted. Using an existing manufacturing process as a framework, actuation schemes for the resonant axes are introduced and two distinct micromirror designs are developed and verified by simulation. These are processed in a MEMS manufacturing line. A thorough characterization study is then carried out using a custom FPGA based evaluation board with closed loop control capabilities. Both design variants are functional with regard to all actuation and tilt angle detection elements. A successful implementation of the proposed actuation concept is shown achieving 2D projection of a laser beam with tilt angles of 12 ◦ × 1.8 ◦ in frequency and amplitude controlled operation.

Disputes involving emerging technology, often leave a grey area on applicable law, as it is unlocated in the physical world. The problem with crypto-assets is partly driven by their underlying technology, allowing for the assets to be distributed in an international, digital sphere, and making it hard to pinpoint their territorial location and solve legal issues. This thesis, therefore, aims to clarify the questions of qualification and connecting factors for the choice of law when dealing with disputes concerning crypto-assets under a cross-border contractual agreement. It particularly seeks to examine consumer protection and the predictability of the choice of law in cryptocurrency trading. The thesis concludes that, for some specifically listed contracts, the applicable law is determined through hard and fast rules, but for other more complex contracts, the applicable law is determined by primarily examining the habitual residence of the operator of the characteristic performance, and secondarily, the closest connection. As to consumer contracts, a special rule appoints the law of the country where the consumer has his habitual residence, but only when several requirements are met. The rules pose problems with predictability and finding a territorial connection when the location of the assets or parties cannot be located. It is particularly a problem in decentralized cryptocurrency exchanges. Regarding the qualification, the thesis concludes that the current rules and statements do not provide a definite answer to the characterization of crypto-assets and require technically complex interpretations. Crypto-assets are mainly categorized based on their purpose, and the parties’ expectations. Therefore, fictional objectification of cryptocurrencies as movable property is possible when accepted as such by the parties. Moreover, cryptocurrency trading does not fall within traditional financial regulations but can be categorized as a service where the coins constitute a means of payment. Although the views are divided, causing uncertainty in the market, the obligations of traders are expected to be clarified through upcoming regulations.

This thesis investigates the oft-overlooked influence of the classifier's input during the assignment of library classifications and draws upon cultural transfer theory to shed light on the underlying principles that guide the process. Classifiers' personal knowledge, experience, and beliefs, have a critical role in determining the 'aboutness' of a work and its subsequent classification. To explore this theory, this research employs a dual-methods approach, using qualitative analysis of past literature contrasted with a data set formed through a real-world reclassification project at The Swedish Institute in Rome (ISVRoma) using the Library of Congress Classification scheme (LCC), with classifications in the catalogue of the American Academy in Rome (AARome) used for comparison. The resultant data provides a basis for examining the classifier's cultural input and the manifestation of cultural transfer theory in library classification. The findings of this thesis reveal the dynamic nature of classification, which is not a mere static or administrative task, but rather an evolving process deeply embedded in the societal and cultural context. Classifiers are found to act as interpreters, translators, and shapers of knowledge, bringing a profoundly human element to knowledge organisation and retrieval. The classifiers' craft, therefore, extends beyond the implementation of a systemic and controlled vocabulary and involves an active contribution of their knowledge and experience. This contributes to the overall flexibility and adaptability of the classification system. The thesis also underscores the necessity of reassessing our understanding of library classification systems, especially in light of AI's increasing role in this field.

<h4>A generalized physics-based modeling framework is presented to analyze: (a) the effects of temperature on identified degradation mechanisms, (b) interfacial debonding processes, including deterministic and stochastic mechanisms, and (c) establishing model performance benchmarks of electrochemical porous electrode theory models, as a necessary stepping stone to perform valid battery degradation analyses and designs. Specifically, the effects of temperature were incorporated into a physics-based, reduced-order model and extended for a LiCoO₂ -graphite 18650 cell. Three dimensionless driving forces were identified, controlling the temperature-dependent reversible charge capacity. The identified temperature-dependent irreversible mechanisms include homogeneous SEI, at moderate to high temperatures, and the chemomechanical degradation of the cathode at low temperatures. Also, debonding of a statistically representative electrochemically active particle from the surrounding binder-electrolyte matrix in a porous electrode was modeled analytically, for the first time. The proposed framework enables to determine the space of C-Rates and electrode particle radii that suppresses or enhances debonding and is graphically summarized into performance–microstructure maps where four debonding mechanisms were identified, and condensed into power-law relations with respect to the particle radius. Finally, in order to incorporate existing or emerging degradation models into porous electrode theory (PET) implementations, a set of benchmarks were proposed to establish a common basis to assess their physical reaches, limitations, and accuracy. Three open source models: dualfoil, MPET, and LIONSIMBA were compared, exhibiting significant qualitative differences, despite showing the same macroscopic voltage response, leading the user to different conclusions regarding the battery performance and possible degradation mechanisms of the analyzed system.</h4>

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<p dir="ltr">For additive manufacturing to be a viable method to build metal parts for industries such as nuclear, the manufactured parts must be of higher quality and have lower variation in said quality than what can be achieved today. This high variation in quality bars the techniques from being used in high safety tolerance fields, such as nuclear. If this obstacle could be overcome, the benefits of additive manufacturing would be in lower cost for complex parts, as well as the ability to design and test parts in a very short timeframe, as only the CAD model needs to be created to manufacture the part. In this study, work to achieve this lower variation of quality was approached in two ways. The first was in the development of surrogate models, utilizing machine learning, to predict the end quality of additively manufactured parts. This was done by using experimental data for the mechanical properties of built parts as outputs to be predicted, and in-situ signals captured during the manufacturing process as inputs to the model. To capture the in-situ signals, cameras were used for thermal and optical imaging, leveraging the natural layer-by-layer manufacturing method used in AM techniques. The final models were created using support vector machine and gaussian process regression machine learning algorithms, giving high correlations between the insitu signals and mechanical properties of relative density, elongation to fracture, uniform elongation, and the work hardening exponent. The second approach to this study was in the development of a reduced order model for a computer simulation of an AM build. For project, a ROM was built inside the MOOSE framework, and was developed for an AM model designed by the MOOSE team, using proper orthogonal decomposition to project the problem onto a lower dimensional subspace, using POD to design the reduced basis subspace. The ROM was able to achieve a reduction to 1% the original dimensionality of the problem, while only allowing 2-5% relative error associated with the projection.</p>