Thesis (Ed.D.)--Duquesne University, 2007. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-107).

Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2005. / Embargoed. Vita. Bibliography: 83-96.

My dissertation provides an epistemic evaluation of settler colonialism in terms of settlers’ disavowal of past and ongoing settler colonial violence. I seek to explain how settlers can fail to hear Indigenous testimonies in ways that disrupt structural inequality and challenge settler colonial legitimacy. This theoretical consideration of settler ignorance reveals how the elimination of Indigenous peoples requires the delegitimatization of Indigenous peoples as knowers. This insight is crucial in evaluating contemporary governmental apologies and truth commissions aimed at reconciliation. In particular, I focus on the epistemic assumptions that do not challenge what I call ‘settler ignorance’ and so do not transform settler nation-myths that disavow past and present settler colonialism. My epistemic evaluation of settler colonialism demonstrates how the exclusion of Indigenous peoples from the realm of reason, what I call their ‘epistemic elimination,’ is not accidental, but integral to the settler colonial project of eliminating Indigenous presence. Using this characterization of settler ignorance, I evaluate the Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in terms of its ability to accomplish its mandate of “establishing and maintaining respectful relationships” between Indigenous peoples and settler Canadians. I conclude that the TRC fails on its own terms because it does not challenge epistemic assumptions that prevent testimonies of residential school survivors to be heard as expressions of Indigenous refusal of settler authority. Without challenging these epistemic assumptions, testimonies cannot disrupt structural settler ignorance and so, cannot lead to meaningful reconciliation. Meaningful reconciliation requires of settlers a reparative transformation of epistemic assumptions that work to maintain a structural ignorance of past and ongoing settler colonial violence. The goal of what I call ‘reparative knowing’ is both a personal one and a critical intervention into how settlers can become epistemically responsible agents. In the context of ongoing settler colonial violence, reparative knowing involves a troubling of settler common sense, and so, a disruption of structural settler ignorance. Without such an understanding of settler ignorance and reparative knowing, an investigation into the aims and transformations of settler colonialism would remain incomplete.

Submitted by Andrea Hayashi (deachan@gmail.com) on 2016-06-20T18:49:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-cicero-lourenco-da-silva.pdf: 1007901 bytes, checksum: a481ea4a3789b3eeaff2c08db5312ba5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Andrea Hayashi (deachan@gmail.com) on 2016-06-20T18:51:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-cicero-lourenco-da-silva.pdf: 1007901 bytes, checksum: a481ea4a3789b3eeaff2c08db5312ba5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-20T18:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-cicero-lourenco-da-silva.pdf: 1007901 bytes, checksum: a481ea4a3789b3eeaff2c08db5312ba5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-15 / Este trabalho busca explicitar o percurso da Grande Recusa na obra de Herbert Marcuse. Pontuaremos seu início avant la lettre nos escritos que antecedem Eros e Civilização, (1964) - obra na qual o conceito consolida-se em definitivo na obra do filósofo. Veremos em seguida seu eclipse temporário ante o conformismo político resultante da unidimensionalização do pensamento, que torna o individuo e a cultura reféns do status quo, dificultando a emergência de estratégias de superação. Finalmente, apreciaremos sua concretização na Contra Cultura e na arte, e quais os papeis estratégicos que Marcuse lhes assinala como precursores da emancipação humana. / This writing aims to explain the itinerary of the Great Refusal in the work of Herbert Marcuse. We will focus on its beginnings avant la lettre in the writings preceding Eros and Civilization (1964) – in which work this concept eventually consolidates itself. We will follow then its temporary eclipse before the generalized political conformity resulting from the “onedimensionalization” of thought, which makes both individuals and culture hostage to the existing system, making it hard for overcoming strategies to emerge. Finally, we will analyze its concretization in Counter Culture and art, as well as which strategic roles Marcuse assigns to them as precursors of human emancipation.

Det är idag många barn i Sverige som inte går i skolan. Trots skolplikt och skolans ansvar över att eleven ska fullgöra sin skolgång, blir fler och fler barn så kallade “hemmasittare”. Föreliggande studie vill undersöka hur föräldrar talar om sina erfarenheter av skolans arbete med deras hemmasittande barn. För detta har kvalitativa intervjuer med tio föräldrar som alla har barn med problematisk skolfrånvaro genomförts. Vi har arbetat utifrån en diskursanalytisk metod och teori. Vi har inte analyserat vem det är som säger något, utan hur föräldrarna positionerar sig i tal och handling i en relation till något annat, skolan. I studien framkom att föräldrarna tar ett stort ansvar för barnens skolgång. Resultaten visar att de intervjuade föräldrarna är, eller tidigare har varit, besvikna på deras barns skolor. De upplever att skolan inte tagit dem på allvar, eller gjort tillräckliga anpassningar för att deras barn ska ges möjlighet att fullgöra sin skolgång. Föräldrarna menar att skolan saknar kunskap och att faktorer till frånvaron inte upptäckts i tid. / In Sweden, there are many children today who do not attend school. Despite the duty of school attendance and the school's responsibility for the student to complete its schooling, more and more children are called "hemmasittare". The present study wants to investigate how parents talk about their experiences of the school's work with their home-based children. For this, qualitative interviews with ten parents with children with problematic school absence have been conducted. We have worked with a discourse analysis method and theory. We have not analyzed who is saying something, but how the parents position themselves in speech and action in a relationship with something else, the school. The study found that parents take great responsibility for the children's schooling. The results of the study show we that the interviewed parents are, or have previously been, disappointed in their children's schools. They feel that their school has not taken them seriously, or made adequate adjustments to allow their children to complete their schooling. The parents mean that the school lacks knowledge and that factors to problematic school absenteeism are not detected in time.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-10-18T16:44:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 monicacamposdaibert.pdf: 538391 bytes, checksum: 47a7c51d6f6a323fbff0ca594606b407 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-25T12:10:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 monicacamposdaibert.pdf: 538391 bytes, checksum: 47a7c51d6f6a323fbff0ca594606b407 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-25T12:10:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 monicacamposdaibert.pdf: 538391 bytes, checksum: 47a7c51d6f6a323fbff0ca594606b407 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-24 / Este estudo pretende identificar e compreender sob a ótica dos fundamentos da integralidade, os fatores determinantes da recusa familiar na doação de órgãos, a partir da percepção dos familiares de potenciais doadores, que não consentiram a doação. O referencial teórico-conceitual referente à integralidade a compreende como um eixo estruturante da política de saúde, uma imagem-objetivo, uma conquista a ser alcançada. Particularizamos os sentidos que assume nas práticas profissionais, na organização dos serviços e na própria política de doação e transplante de órgãos. Utilizamos contribuições teóricas de diversos autores a fim de qualificar nosso estudo sobre a integralidade e a política de doação e transplante de órgãos no Brasil. Realizamos um estudo qualitativo por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas individuais com 9 sujeitos, que recusaram a doação dos órgãos de seus familiares falecidos. Os sujeitos residem na cidade de Juiz de Fora/MG, que integra a área de referência da CNCDO/Zona da Mata e foram entrevistados sobre doação no período de 2000 a 2004. Os depoimentos obtidos nas entrevistas substantivaram a elaboração de 7 categorias: atenção à saúde; acolhimento e vínculo; informação/desinformação; comunicação; concepção religiosa; situação de classe; e percepção de corpo, que possibilitaram compreender as razões da recusa de forma articulada com a não conquista da integralidade no cotidiano das ações de atenção e cuidado no âmbito da famílias pesquisadas. As entrevistas foram apresentadas por meio da citação de trechos discursivos percebidos por nós como mais relevantes, a fim de fundamentar a análise, bem como oportunizar a proximidade com o contexto de realização da pesquisa, reconhecendo a voz e o valor das reflexões apresentadas pelos sujeitos. / This study seeks to identify and to understand, from the standpoint of integrality, the determining factors for familiy refusal to donate organs, by examining the, perceptions of potential organ donor’s families who refuse to comply with donation requests. The theoretical reference to integrality views it as a structural pivot of health policy, an objective image, a goal to be reached. Its meanings to professional practices, the organization of services and to the organ donation and transplantation policies were distinguished. We used theoretical contributions from a variety of authors to qualify this study about integrality and the organ donation and transplantation policies in Brazil. A qualitative study was made through semi-structured individual interviews with 9 subjects refused to donate their deceased relatives’ organs. These subjects live in Juiz de Fora/MG, a city located in the CNCDO/Zona da Mata reference area, and were interviewed about organ donation between 2000 and 2004. The interviews led to the establishment of 7 categories: health care, shelter and bond, information/disinformation, communication, religious concept, social situation and body perception. These categories enable us to understand the reasons behind the refusals in an articulated way with the lack of integrality in daily “attention and care actions” in the families studied. The interview were presented through quotes of parts that we judged to be more relevant, on which to base the analysis and to enable us to take advantage of the proximity with research, recognizing the voice of the subjects and the value of the reflections they presented.

Ce travail porte sur deux thèmes principaux. Le premier est relatif à la drépanocytose et comprend deux études. La première a examiné les connaissances qu’ont 178 hommes et femmes vivant au Bénin sur la maladie, ses causes, ses effets et sa prise en charge. Ils ont répondu à un questionnaire et, leurs réponses ont été comparées à celles d’un groupe d’expert. Il en est ressorti qu’il existait une méconnaissance globale de la maladie, et plus particulièrement de ses symptômes les plus graves et de son traitement. Les résultats révèlent que plus on a un niveau d’éducation élevé, moins on se fait de fausses idées concernant la maladie. En outre, cette méconnaissance était plus accrue chez les personnes se déclarant porteuses du trait génétique (4.83) ou drépanocytaire (5.19) que chez les personnes ayant déclaré ne pas être porteuses (3.72) ou saines (3.62). La deuxième étude a quant à elle cherché à savoir si les 137 personnes interrogées vivant au Bénin, avaient intégré de façon adéquate les règles de transmission génétique de la maladie, en se basant sur la théorie fonctionnelle de la cognition. L’analyse des données a permis de distinguer trois clusters distincts. Dans le premier groupe (n=46), les personnes jugeaient ainsi le risque de transmission de la maladie plus élevé en présence de l’un ou l’autre des deux parents atteints. Dans le deuxième groupe (n=51), le risque était jugé d’autant plus grand que chacun des parents était lui-même gravement atteint. Dans le troisième groupe (n=40), le risque n’avait été jugé élevé qu’en présence des deux parents atteints. Le deuxième thème a donné lieu à une étude, visant à examiner les motifs pouvant sous-tendre un refus d’amputation chez 224 personnes vivant au Bénin, par l’approche de la théorie du renversement. Les résultats montrent que la peur de la perte de l’identité personnelle, la peur des hôpitaux et du personnel médical, la conviction que la chirurgie était inutile, le manque de confiance dans la compétence et le dévouement des médecins, la peur de la perte de l’estime de l’autre et celle de la perte de la force spirituelle, font partie des facteurs principaux pouvant motiver un refus d’amputation. / This thesis focuses on two main themes. The first one is related to sickle cell disease and the second theme is related to limb amputations. For studying the first theme, this research proposes to examine the knowledge of 178 men and women living in Benin, on the disease, its causes, effects and care. They answered a questionnaire and their responses had been compared to those given by an expert group. It had been found that there was an overall lack of awareness on the disease, and especially its most severe symptoms and treatment. The results reveal that the higher level of education they have, the less misconceptions about the disease they have. In addition, this ignorance was increased by people declaring themselves carrying the genetic trait (4.83) or sickle cell (5.19) than those who reported not being carriers (3.72) or healthy (3.62). The second study about the first theme, investigated whether the 137 respondents living in Benin had integrated adequately the rules of inheritance of the disease, based on the functional theory of cognition. Three distinct clusters emerge with data analysis. In the first group (n=46), respondents considered a higher risk of transmission if the one or the other of two parents was/were affected by the disease. In the second group (n=51), the risk was considered even greater as both parents were seriously ill. In the third group (n=40), the risk was considered as high only if both parents were touched. The second theme, Accidents involving physical injury, has motivated a study which aim was to examine the reasons that may underlie a refusal of amputation for 224 people living in Benin, by the approach of the reversal theory. The results show that the fear of losing personal identity, the fear of hospitals and medical staff, the belief that the surgery was unnecessary, a lack of confidence in the competences and dedication of doctors, the fear of losing others esteem and the loss of spiritual strength, are among the main factors motivating a refusal of amputation.

Bakgrund: Vaccin skyddar både individen och samhället. Utan vaccin hotas flockimmuniteten och hälsan hos befolkningen. Runt om i världen finns hos vissa föräldrar en ovilja att vaccinera sina barn. Inspirationen till detta kommer ofta från internet. Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka anledningar till att föräldrar avstår från att vaccinera sina barn. Detta är viktigt i sjuksköterskans arbetsroll då det i den ingår att stödja patienten i sin egenvård. Med hjälp av information från denna litteraturöversikt kan sjuksköterskor få en ökad förståelse för varför vissa väljer att tacka nej till vaccin. Metod: Genom en litteraturöversikt har artiklar angående föräldrar som inte vaccinerar sina barn granskats för att besvara syftet. Litteratursökningar gjordes i vetenskapliga databaser, vilket resulterade i att 13 vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades i studien. Genom att noggrant granska dessa artiklar framkom många olika anledningar till varför föräldrarna väljer att avstå från att vaccinera sina barn. Resultat: Saker som föräldrar oroade sig för var biverkningar, följdsjukdomar och vaccinets innehåll. En del föräldrar tror inte på att sjukdomarna existerar längre eller tror att vaccinet inte fungerar. De allra flesta anledningarna syftade till att skydda barnet och berodde främst på okunskap eller för lite information. Slutsats: Slutsatsen är att mer pålitlig information måste bli tillgänglig för alla föräldrar att ta del av. Informationen bör komma från trovärdiga källor som gärna bör ge ut sin information via internet eller sociala medier, då föräldrar tenderar att söka sig dit. Sjuksköterskan kan med hjälp av bättre information hjälpa föräldrar att fatta ett bra beslut. / Background: Vaccine protects both individuals and the society in general. Without vaccines, both herd-immunity and public health are threatened. Around the world, some parents choose not to vaccinate their children. This decision is often based on information the parents have received from internet sources. This study aimed to investigate the reasons why parents refrain from vaccinating their children. This information is important in the nurse's profession as the role involves supporting the patient in his or her self-care. Method: Through a systematic review, articles regarding vaccine resistance and hesitancy have been examined to answer the purpose of this study. A literature search was made in scientific databases, and 13 articles were selected. The articles were reviewed and various reasons for the vaccine resistance were found. Result: Things that parents worried about were side effects, illnesses and the content of the vaccine. Some parents did not believe that the disease exists anymore or thought that the vaccine is not reliable. Most of the parents' decisions aimed to protect their child and were, in most cases, made by lack of information. Conclusion: The conclusion of this review is that more reliable information must be available for parents. The information should come from reliable sources, such as authorities. The authorities should also reach out with information through the internet and social media, as parents tend to rely on the internet whilst making decisions. With information from this study nurses can help the parents make an informed decision regarding vaccinations.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of video modeling of contingencies alone and/or combined with direct exposure to the contingencies in the treatment of food selectivity. Treatment procedures included sequentially introducing videos in which models consumed nonpreferred food, were exposed to differential reinforcement, or exposed to escape extinction and differential reinforcement. In addition, participants were exposed to differential reinforcement. Results indicated video modeling of differential reinforcement plus differential reinforcement may be effective at increasing consumption of some nonpreferred foods, but the results were not replicated across all foods. For one participant, consumption of one food increased with video modeling alone.

Longitudinal methods have become an improved and essential means of measuring intra-individual change over time. Yet one of the greatest and most hazardous drawbacks studying participants over multiple sessions can be the loss of participants over time. This study attempts to illuminate the problem of attrition in longitudinal research by estimating the mean effect sizes for participant loss across 57 studies published in 13 prestigious journals which regularly use older participants. Results estimate overall attrition to be around 34% of the original sample. The subsequent break down of attrition into its subtypes yield mean effect sizes for attrition due to Refusal (8%), Loss of contact (10%), Illness (6%), and Death (14%) in studies sampling from adults 50 years or older. Analyses were then conducted via meta-analytic one-way ANOVA and weighted regression to identify possible moderators of overall attrition and their four subtypes.