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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Is There Anybody Out There? : Illegal Abortion, Social Work, Advocacy and Interventions in the Philippines

Holgersson, Karolina January 2012 (has links)
Unsafe abortion is a worldwide reproductive health issue and a contributing factor of high numbers of maternal death in the developing world. Many international conferences and assemblies acknowledge the issue and urge governments to take action. Abortion is a phenomenon surrounded by strong opinions, many times regulated by restrictive laws as well as socio-ethical, religious and cultural norms. Factors often active in making abortion a clandestine procedure which take place under unsafe conditions.The Philippines have one of the most restrictive laws on abortion in the world, but it does not diminish the occurrence of abortion in the country. There is unmet need for family planning that in turn makes way for unwanted pregnancies ending in unsafe abortion. Attempts in congress aiming at providing universal reproductive health service are being opposed and the issue of abortion is surrounded by its criminal ban and a great social stigma. The Roman Catholic Church is very present in the Philippine society and also offers a powerful voice against abortion and equally rejects modern contraception.This study look into how the issue of abortion – under its criminal ban – is being dealt with and if there are any actors/groups/organisations of social work, within the reproductive health sector or women’s organisations acting upon this, making abortion an issue and a part of their work. It asks if there is any advocacy for abortion in the Philippines and any interventions for the women concerned. If so, how is abortion spoken about and understood and how is that notion put into action? Groups are identified as either anti-abortion or pro-abortion, two discourses addressing abortion as a public health issue in fundamentally different ways.There are groups that might not be public about their opinion being pro-abortion, as they do not wish to get on the wrong side of the general opinion or negatively affect their reputation. Some pro-abortion groups are found acting against the law by providing safe abortions for these women. Trough social constructivist glasses this study look at the structure surrounding abortion in the Philippines, analysing how these discourses are being reconstructed and transferred under different postulations as anti-abortion or pro-abortion.
92

The constitutional and contractual implications of the application of chapter 19 of the Children's Act 38 of 2005

Lewis, Samantha Vanessa January 2011 (has links)
In this research, I carefully and coherently examine Chapter 19 of the Children's Act 38 of 2005 as the first legislation to afford surrogate motherhood agreements legal recognition in South Africa. I argue that the application of Chapter 19 imposes a number of unwarranted limitations on several of the constitutional rights of the parties to a surrogacy agreement. In addition, I propose that Chapter 19 is not in accordance with the principal of the best interests of the child. I examine the history of surrogate motherhood in South Africa and establish that, prior to the enactment of Chapter 19, no legislation expressly afforded surrogate motherhood agreements legal recognition. Hence, prior to the enactment of Chapter 19, parties who entered surrogacy agreements could, first, not rely on the agreement to enforce contractual obligations, and secondly, the legal positions of the parties to the agreement were uncertain. Thirdly, a child born of a surrogacy agreement was seen as the child of the surrogate mother and not of the commissioning parents.
93

Judicialization of politics in Peru: An observation of the Constitutional Tribunal and its decisions regarding the morning-after pill (2001-2010) / La judicialización de la política en el Perú: Una observación del Tribunal Constitucional y sus decisiones frente a la píldora del día siguiente (2001-2010)

Loaiza, Pamela 25 September 2017 (has links)
This article analyzes the judicial behavior and the importance of judges in policy making in Peru regarding the case of the magistrates of the Constitutional Tribunal and its decisions regarding the morning after pill. We will focus our research on the shift in orientation of two veredicts issued by this judicial institution; one in favor of its state sponsored distribution (2006) and one against it (2009). In order to analyze the circumstances that led to this two different outcomes, we state that the morning after pill, a case of consciousness, made the judges decide based on their strategic alliances inside the tribunal or their own personal trajectories. In order to solve these dilemmas, the analysis of the kind of judges in the tribunal was crucial to understand the relationship between the elected judges and the interests of political parties in parliament. We believe that the shift in orientation of the veredicts lies in the fact that, for cases of consciousness, the Tribunal uses its sitting judges. / Este artículo analiza el comportamiento judicial y la creciente importancia de los jueces en la hechura de las políticas públicas en el Perú a partir del caso de los magistrados del Tribunal Constitucional y sus decisiones frente a la píldora del día siguiente. Nos enfocaremos en el cambio de orientación de dos sentencias emitidas por la máxima institución judicial ante la misma política; por un lado, a favor de su distribución desde el Estado (2006) y, por el otro, en contra (2009). Para analizar los factores que llevaron a este resultado sostenemos que la píldora del día siguiente, al ser un caso de conciencia, les planteó a los jueces la disyuntiva de decidir a partir de un comportamiento estratégico, de acuerdo con las tendencias dominantes al interior del tribunal o haciendo prevalecer sus trayectorias personales. Para resolver estos dilemas, el tipo de jueces que componía el tribunal resultó crucial por lo que exploraremos cómo se configuraron estas composiciones a partir de las bancadas parlamentarias y qué tipo de jueces resultaron electos (de trayectorias públicas u opacas). Sostenemos que el cambio se explicaría porque, para los casos de conciencia, el Tribunal Constitucional utiliza a sus jueces de turno y las reglas así lo permiten.
94

Saúde sexual e reprodutiva : competências da equipe na atenção primária à saúde / Sexual and reproductive health : construction of competences in primary health care services

Telo, Shana Vieira January 2016 (has links)
Os direitos à saúde sexual e reprodutiva foram desenvolvidos recentemente advindos da luta pela cidadania e pelos Direitos Humanos. Embora haja um reconhecimento da necessidade de formação por competências nesta área, sua delimitação ainda não foi explorada no Brasil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo construir um referencial de competências transversais para atenção em Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva na Atenção Primária à Saúde a partir da visão de especialistas. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo, de abordagem mista (quali-quantitativo). Foram convidados a participar do estudo 41 especialistas em saúde Sexual e reprodutiva e direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, selecionados na Plataforma Lattes. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a técnica Delphi online. Para a construção das competências, foram realizadas três rodadas, sendo que a primeira visou fazer um levantamento das competências. Na segunda etapa o questionário constou dos esquemas de competências resultantes da primeira etapa, adicionadas de uma escala de Likert com valores de 1 (discordo muito) a 5 (concordo muito), para que manifestassem seu grau de concordância. Na 3ª etapa o instrumento foi enviado aos participantes para a validação das competências que não obtiveram consenso no segundo questionário. Na primeira e segunda etapa participaram 18 especialistas e na terceira 17. Em um primeiro momento, realizou-se a análise qualitativa para a produção dos enunciados das competências, baseada na interpretação das justificativas apresentadas pelos respondentes para cada competência indicada e, após, a análise quantitativa dos dados para estabelecer consenso entre os respondentes, sendo adotado o critério de 70% para os valores 4 e 5 da escala de Likert. Das 36 competências resultantes da análise qualitativa, 32 alcançaram consenso, sendo classificadas em quatro domínios: ética e princípios profissionais; liderança e gestão; trabalho com a comunidade, saúde e educação, aconselhamento e avaliação; e, provisão do cuidado. Os resultados indicam competências semelhantes às preconizadas na literatura internacional. Estas competências, por serem transversais, podem subsidiar o planejamento de ações e as práticas das equipes no âmbito da saúde Sexual e reprodutiva. / Sexual and reproductive health rights were developed recently as a result from the movements that fought for Human Rights and citizenship. Delimitations of this subject have not been explored in Brazil yet, even though the importance of developing skills related to this subject is recognized. This paper aims to construct a Sexual and Reproductive health transversal skills framework based on specialists‟ point of view. This is a descriptive and exploratory research through a qualitative and quantitative approach. The participants were selected through the Lattes Platform, which resulted in the invitation of 41 specialists in sexual and reproductive health and in sexual and reproductive health rights. The data was gathered through Delphi online. In order to determine the necessary skills, three rounds of data gathering were carried out. While the first round aimed to identify the necessary skills, in the second one, the participants were asked to express their agreement or disagreement with those skills through the Likert scale. In the third round, the participants were asked to validate the skills that did not achieve a general consent in the second round. There were 18 participants in the first and second rounds, and 17 participants in the third one. After the data gathering, a qualitative analysis was carried out in order to determine the skills‟ titles based in the arguments for each skill expressed by the participants. Then, a quantitative analysis of the data was performed in order to determine a consensus between the participants, adopting the criterion of 70% in items 4 and 5 of the Likert scale. Of the 36 skills resulting from the qualitative analysis, 32 achieved a general consent and being classified in four domains: ethics and professional principles; leadership and management; community work, health and education, counseling and evaluation; and health care. Results show skills that are similar to those recommended by the international literature. These skills, which are transversal, may support the development of actions and practices of the health professionals concerning sexual and reproductive health care.
95

Direitos Reprodutivos: conhecimento e estratégias de promoção da saúde para o empoderamento do homem. / Reproductive rights: knowledge and strategies for health promotion for man s empowerment.

Oliveira, Karla Maria Duarte Silva 21 January 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:47:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArquivoTotalKarla.pdf: 1153721 bytes, checksum: 45420e8a28408e3241eb107dd1959e62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The study has as central issue the discussion of man s empowerment in relation to reproductive rights in the Health Communitarian Agents´ point of view. It is an exploratory-descriptive research accomplished in the health units of Distrito Sanitário III, in João Pessoa PB. It aimed at perceiving the knowledge of Health Communitarian Agents about reproductive rights and man s participation in the practice of these rights as well as identifying man s empowerment strategies while practicing the reproductive rights. Data were collected by means of interview fulfilled with 25 agents who make up the health family team of the mentioned study place, in the period from June to August 2012. For the accomplishment of the research the Resolution rules n° 196/96 of the Health National Council were observed in reference to research involving human beings and the Resolution n° 311/2007 of the Federal Council of Nursing by acquiring assent by the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Science Center of the Federal University of Paraíba, under the n° 0309/12 and CAEE: 02190312.7.0000.5188. Data were analyzed through Bardin´s content analysis technique. Results realized that there are deficits regarding the health communitarian agents´ understanding on reproductive rights and man s participation in actions involving reproductive health. Nevertheless, a real change in man s role about family planning and the follow-up of the pregnancy-puerperal cycle was revealed. Taking these findings into account, the agents pointed out the following aspects as possible strategies for man s empowerment in reproductive health promotion: domiciliary visit through dialogue committed with awareness for health care, major practice of Basic Attention while promoting the National Policy of Integral Attention to Man s Health as well as the construction of a methodology that favors the insertion of male population based on an inclusive policy. Therefore, it can be concluded that once cultural barrier is overcome, pertaining to discussion about the meaning of being male and female and reproductive health matters, man will be able to recognize himself as subject of reproductive rights acting as co-responsible in the actions of the couple s reproductive life. / O presente estudo tem como temática central o empoderamento do homem acerca dos direitos reprodutivos. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo, desenvolvido nas unidades de saúde do Distrito Sanitário III no município de João Pessoa PB/Brasil. Objetivou investigar a compreensão dos direitos reprodutivos dos homens a partir das falas dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS), bem como, identificar estratégias de promoção da saúde do homem no exercício desses direitos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista realizada com 25 ACS, os quais integram a equipe de saúde da família pertencentes ao referido local de estudo, no período de junho a agosto 2012. Para a realização da pesquisa foi preconizado às normas da Resolução n° 196/96 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde sobre pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos e da Resolução n° 311/2007 do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Para a análise dos resultados da pesquisa optou-se pela técnica de análise de conteúdo, proposta por Bardin. Os resultados alcançados constataram que há déficits de conhecimento dos ACS acerca dos direitos reprodutivos e a participação do homem nas ações que envolvem a saúde reprodutiva, no entanto, revelam uma percepção de mudança no papel do homem acerca do planejamento familiar e acompanhamento do ciclo gravídico-puerperal. A partir destas constatações, os ACS apontaram como estratégias para o empoderamento do homem na promoção da saúde reprodutiva: a visita domiciliar, ações dialógicas para a conscientização, campanhas educativas, maior atuação da Atenção Básica na divulgação da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem e na construção de uma metodologia que favoreça a inserção da população masculina ancorada em uma política inclusiva, a partir das demandas prioritárias, bem como a instrumentalização multiprofissional para o cuidado com o homem. Desse modo, conclui-se que uma vez vencida a barreira em discutir o significado do ser masculino e feminino nas questões que englobam a saúde reprodutiva, encarando-o como ser-cidadão, o homem poderá se reconhecer como sujeito de direitos reprodutivos, atuando como co-responsáveis nas ações da vida reprodutiva do casal.
96

Saúde sexual e reprodutiva : competências da equipe na atenção primária à saúde / Sexual and reproductive health : construction of competences in primary health care services

Telo, Shana Vieira January 2016 (has links)
Os direitos à saúde sexual e reprodutiva foram desenvolvidos recentemente advindos da luta pela cidadania e pelos Direitos Humanos. Embora haja um reconhecimento da necessidade de formação por competências nesta área, sua delimitação ainda não foi explorada no Brasil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo construir um referencial de competências transversais para atenção em Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva na Atenção Primária à Saúde a partir da visão de especialistas. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo, de abordagem mista (quali-quantitativo). Foram convidados a participar do estudo 41 especialistas em saúde Sexual e reprodutiva e direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, selecionados na Plataforma Lattes. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a técnica Delphi online. Para a construção das competências, foram realizadas três rodadas, sendo que a primeira visou fazer um levantamento das competências. Na segunda etapa o questionário constou dos esquemas de competências resultantes da primeira etapa, adicionadas de uma escala de Likert com valores de 1 (discordo muito) a 5 (concordo muito), para que manifestassem seu grau de concordância. Na 3ª etapa o instrumento foi enviado aos participantes para a validação das competências que não obtiveram consenso no segundo questionário. Na primeira e segunda etapa participaram 18 especialistas e na terceira 17. Em um primeiro momento, realizou-se a análise qualitativa para a produção dos enunciados das competências, baseada na interpretação das justificativas apresentadas pelos respondentes para cada competência indicada e, após, a análise quantitativa dos dados para estabelecer consenso entre os respondentes, sendo adotado o critério de 70% para os valores 4 e 5 da escala de Likert. Das 36 competências resultantes da análise qualitativa, 32 alcançaram consenso, sendo classificadas em quatro domínios: ética e princípios profissionais; liderança e gestão; trabalho com a comunidade, saúde e educação, aconselhamento e avaliação; e, provisão do cuidado. Os resultados indicam competências semelhantes às preconizadas na literatura internacional. Estas competências, por serem transversais, podem subsidiar o planejamento de ações e as práticas das equipes no âmbito da saúde Sexual e reprodutiva. / Sexual and reproductive health rights were developed recently as a result from the movements that fought for Human Rights and citizenship. Delimitations of this subject have not been explored in Brazil yet, even though the importance of developing skills related to this subject is recognized. This paper aims to construct a Sexual and Reproductive health transversal skills framework based on specialists‟ point of view. This is a descriptive and exploratory research through a qualitative and quantitative approach. The participants were selected through the Lattes Platform, which resulted in the invitation of 41 specialists in sexual and reproductive health and in sexual and reproductive health rights. The data was gathered through Delphi online. In order to determine the necessary skills, three rounds of data gathering were carried out. While the first round aimed to identify the necessary skills, in the second one, the participants were asked to express their agreement or disagreement with those skills through the Likert scale. In the third round, the participants were asked to validate the skills that did not achieve a general consent in the second round. There were 18 participants in the first and second rounds, and 17 participants in the third one. After the data gathering, a qualitative analysis was carried out in order to determine the skills‟ titles based in the arguments for each skill expressed by the participants. Then, a quantitative analysis of the data was performed in order to determine a consensus between the participants, adopting the criterion of 70% in items 4 and 5 of the Likert scale. Of the 36 skills resulting from the qualitative analysis, 32 achieved a general consent and being classified in four domains: ethics and professional principles; leadership and management; community work, health and education, counseling and evaluation; and health care. Results show skills that are similar to those recommended by the international literature. These skills, which are transversal, may support the development of actions and practices of the health professionals concerning sexual and reproductive health care.
97

Informações e escolha no parto: perspectivas das mulheres usuárias do SUS e da Saúde Suplementar / Informed choice and childbirth: women´s perspectives: pulic and health insurance consumers

Bianca Alves de Oliveira Zorzam 30 July 2013 (has links)
Introdução O direito à escolha informada das mulheres sobre suas vivências na gravidez e no parto é fruto do percurso histórico dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, respaldados em bases éticas da autonomia, integridade corporal, igualdade e diversidade. No Brasil, sua história política e social vem sendo construída por meio da interlocução com o movimento de mulheres e os aparelhos governamentais, propulsionando políticas públicas que os garantam. Entretanto, as desigualdades de gênero no âmbito do conhecimento médico-científico levaram a uma leitura pessimista acerca do corpo feminino, que trata a experiência do parto como um evento patológico, dependente da tecnologia e de intervenções desnecessárias na assistência. Objetivo Descrever e analisar a perspectiva das mulheres sobre a dinâmica da disponibilização, acesso e qualidade das informações no pré-natal para as negociações do tipo de parto e os procedimentos da assistência focados na episiotomia, ocitocina e acompanhante, nas redes de saúde pública e suplementar. Metodologia Estudo qualitativo, alicerçado nas perspectivas teóricas de gênero e dos direitos reprodutivos, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas de três tipos (por email, Skype e presencial), com 26 mulheres assistidas nos dois setores de saúde, em diversas regiões do país. Resultados Embora garantido pela política pública, ainda é difícil o acesso das mulheres às informações de qualidade que favoreçam suas escolhas e decisões de parto e intervenções na assistência. Essa dificuldade está imbricada em fatores sociais, econômicos, culturais e de gênero que transferem o poder de decisão sobre o tipo de parto e de intervenções no parto normal para os profissionais médicos e suas instituições. Conclusões Frequentemente, a disponibilização das informações no pré-natal foi insuficiente nos dois setores de saúde, revelando o silêncio em torno do parto. No pré-natal, as mulheres não são incentivadas à busca ativa por informações; e, quando elas existem, são imprecisas e desconsideram os seus direitos reprodutivos. Mesmo quando existe o acesso às informações da rota específica da humanização não há total garantia da possibilidade de negociação. Além disso, nem todas as mulheres conseguem acessá-la. De modo geral, a informação, isoladamente, não representou a possibilidade de êxito para as decisões no parto, dadas às diversas dificuldades que os mecanismos profissionais e institucionais impõem às mulheres / Introduction The right of women to informed choice about their experiences of pregnancy and childbirth is the result of the historical journey of sexual and reproductive rights, supported on ethical foundations of autonomy, bodily integrity, equality and diversity. In Brazil, its political and social history is being constructed through dialogue with the women\'s movement and the government apparatus, propelling public policies that guarantee these rights. However, gender inequalities within the medical and scientific knowledge led to a pessimistic approach to the female body, resulting in an a experience of childbirth as a pathological event, dependent on technology and unnecessary interventions in care. Objective To describe and analyze the women\'s perspective on the dynamics of availability, access and quality of information on prenatal care for the negotiations of the type of delivery and the procedures of care, focused on episiotomy, oxytocin and companion in public and insurance- managed health services. Methodology A qualitative study, based on the theoretical perspectives of gender and reproductive rights, conducted through semi-structured interviews of three types (email, Skype and face), with 26 women who attended the two health sectors in various regions of the country. Results Although guaranteed by public policy, it is still difficult for women to access quality information that support their choices and decisions about interventions in childbirth care. This difficulty is embedded in social, economic, cultural and gender aspects that transfer the power to decide on the type of delivery and interventions in childbirth to medical professionals and their institutions. Conclusions Often, the availability of information on prenatal care was insufficient in both health sectors, revealing the \"silence\" around childbirth. In prenatal care, women are not encouraged to actively search for information, and when information is available it is often inaccurate and ignoring of women`s reproductive rights. Even when there is access to information coming from specific route of humanizade care is no complete assurance about the possibility of negotiation. Also, not all women are able to access it. In general, information alone does not represent the possibility of success for decisions in labor, given the various difficulties that professional and institutional mechanisms impose on women
98

Violência obstétrica no processo do parto e nascimento da Região Metropolitana II do Estado do Rio de Janeiro: percepção de mulheres/puérperas

Rodrigues, Diego Pereira January 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Fabiana Gonçalves Pinto (benf@ndc.uff.br) on 2016-10-11T16:51:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Diego Pereira Rodrigues.pdf: 2025808 bytes, checksum: eb4479e165b4053451c5a85ccd86264a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T16:51:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diego Pereira Rodrigues.pdf: 2025808 bytes, checksum: eb4479e165b4053451c5a85ccd86264a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências do Cuidado em Saúde / Trata-se de uma investigação sobre a violência na assistência obstétrica em que a mulher durante o processo parturitivo vivência, sendo um problema de saúde pública por conta da precariedade da assistência obstétrica brasileira, e pertencendo ao projeto Violência na assistência obstétrica no processo parturitivo da região metropolitana II do Estado do Rio de Janeiro: percepção de mulheres/puérperas. Assim, o estudo objetivou identificar a caracterização sociodemográfica, obstétrica e assistencial das mulheres/puérperas assistidas em maternidades públicas da Região Metropolitana II do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; caracterizar as principais situações de violência a partir da percepção das mulheres/puérperas acerca da assistência obstétrica durante seu processo parturitivo. Estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, em que utilizou um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada com cinquenta e seis mulheres assistidas nas maternidades públicas descritas a seguir: Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro (HUAP); Hospital Estadual Azevedo Lima; Maternidade Municipal Alzira Reis Vieira Ferreira; Hospital Municipal da Mulher Gonçalense. A pesquisa obteve a aprovação do Comitê de Ética do HUAP sob n° 375.252/13. Os dados evidenciados no estudo foram analisados conforme a análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática, onde originaram dois eixos temáticos: o primeiro, relacionado com os aspectos da peregrinação da mulher; e o segundo, com o direito ao acompanhante, os quais foram escolhidos para a análise pela expressiva demanda dos depoimentos, e deixando entrever a possibilidade de estar presente a violência na assistência obstétrica, segundo a perspectiva das mulheres/puérperas. Os resultados apontaram para duas categorias temáticas, a saber: A peregrinação das mulheres na rede de saúde materna: uma violência velada na assistência obstétrica; O descumprimento da Lei do Acompanhante: uma violação dos direitos da mulher em processo de parturição. Desse modo, os resultados apontaram para uma violência na assistência obstétrica de caráter institucional, psicológica e física, cujo aspecto relacionado ao direito, ao (des)cuidado e aos sentimentos e insegurança do processo parturitivo. Assim, o respeito aos direitos das mulheres devem ser inerentes ao acesso à saúde, e ao acompanhamento adequado do parto e nascimento, e contribuindo para sentimentos positivos e segurança do processo parturitivo. / This is an investigation about the violence in obstetric care against the woman during the parturition process experience, and this is a public health problem because of the poor obstetric care in Brasil, and this project belongs to other project named Violence in obstetric care during the birth process in the metropolitan region II of the State of Rio de Janeiro: perception of women/mothers. Thus, the study aimed to identify the sociodemographic, obstetric care and women/mothers assisted in public hospitals of the Metropolitan Region II of the State of Rio de Janeiro; characterize the main situations of violence from the perception of women/mothers about obstetric care during her birth process. This study is descriptive, exploratory, with qualitative approach, which used semi-structured interviews with fifty-six women seen in public hospitals described below: Antonio Pedro University Hospital (APUH); Azevedo Lima State Hospital; Municipal Maternity Alzira Reis Vieira Ferreira; Municipal Women's Hospital Gonçalense. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the APHU under No. 375.252/13. The data highlighted in the study was analyzed according to the content analysis in the thematic way, and they originated two main themes: the first related to aspects of the journey of women; and the second is the women's rights to have an accompanying person, which were chosen for analysis because they had a strong demand of the statements, and letting on the possibility of being present violence in obstetric care from the perspective of women/mothers. The results have pointed for two thematic categories, named: The journey of women in maternal health network: a veiled violence in the obstetric care; Noncompliance with the Companion Law: a violation of women's rights in the parturition process. Therefore, the results point to the obstetric violence in institutional character, psychological and physical, whose aspect related to the rights, the care(less) and feelings and insecurity of the birth process. So, respect for women's rights must be inherent in access to health, and adequate monitoring of labor and birth, and contributing to positive feelings and safety of the birth process.
99

The constitutional and contractual implications of the application of chapter 19 of the Children's Act 38 of 2005

Lewis, Samantha Vanessa January 2011 (has links)
Magister Legum - LLM / In this research, I carefully and coherently examine Chapter 19 of the Children's Act 38 of 2005 as the first legislation to afford surrogate motherhood agreements legal recognition in South Africa. I argue that the application of Chapter 19 imposes a number of unwarranted limitations on several of the constitutional rights of the parties to a surrogacy agreement. In addition, I propose that Chapter 19 is not in accordance with the principal of the best interests of the child. I examine the history of surrogate motherhood in South Africa and establish that, prior to the enactment of Chapter 19, no legislation expressly afforded surrogate motherhood agreements legal recognition. Hence, prior to the enactment of Chapter 19, parties who entered surrogacy agreements could, first, not rely on the agreement to enforce contractual obligations, and secondly, the legal positions of the parties to the agreement were uncertain. Thirdly, a child born of a surrogacy agreement was seen as the child of the surrogate mother and not of the commissioning parents. / South Africa
100

“Traditional Values” and Sex Education in Russia: how opponents frame their arguments in online media

Sosio, Manuela January 2021 (has links)
This research contributes to understanding the attitudes of Russian politicians towards sex education in schools and the kind of argumentation styles they use to oppose it. The paper is based on a framing analysis of the arguments of two important opponents to sex education: Pavel Astakhov, a Russian politician and former Children’s Rights Commissioner from 2009 to 2016; and Yelena Mizulina, Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Family Affairs, Women and Children since 2008, using online media sources in a ten-year period (2011-2021). The analysis finds that Astakhov’s most used frames are the disapproval of children’s exposure to new, different attitudes, the interference in Russian traditions by the West and the spread of a gender discourse in Russia. Mizulina focuses mainly on the unfitness of teachers since sex education should only be addressed by parents, and on the “right age” to start talking about it with young people. From the results, both politicians seem to strongly oppose comprehensive sex education (CSE), but Astakhov proposes to adopt a type of abstinence-only curriculum (AO), while Mizulina tries to completely discourage sex education of any kind for school-aged children.

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