The case of Kosovo conflict serves as tool to test the validity of Huntington's theory. Owing to the fact that Mr, Huntington himself described the Balkans and Kosovo as an example of a fault line war, my aim is to verify his assumptions that the roots of the Kosovo conflict are to be found in the religion. During this work the conflict is reconstructed using Mr. Huntington's hypothesis and claims as well as interpreted by three hypothesis. Firstly, Kosovo could represent a conflict at the fault line, which would mean that the theory of the clash of the civilizations is verified. Secondly, the intervention of NATO implies participation of the third civilization in the conflict. To put in differently, the democratic West (NATO) intervened against the orthodox civilization (Serbia) in order to prevent the humanitarian catastrophe the Albanian population of Kosovo (Islam) was to face. Verification of this theory would imply that if there was a conflict between the civilizations in Kosovo, it was between the West (and Kosovo as an integral part of it) and the orthodox civilization. The third hypothesis interprets the Kosovo conflict as a war of the Civilization to promote its own values. Despite the fact that this explanation of the Kosovo conflict could possibly be the most probable one, original assumption of Mr. Huntington stating that the problems of Kosovo are of religious character would be falsified.

Då antagonismen mellan öst och väst forstätter att eskalera i vårt postindustriella samhälle är det viktigt att ta reda på de bidragande faktorer som leder till en fortsatt motsättning. Det är min uppfattning att Hollywood är en bidragande faktor till denna antagonism. Det är även min åsikt att Hollywood blir påverkade av USA:s Mellanösternpolitik i utformandet av de filmer där människor från Mellanöstern och islam porträtteras.Syftet med studien är att utifrån teorier såsom orientalism, stereotypering, representation och common-sense antaganden analysera nio utvalda Hollywoodfilmer. Tre från 1960-talet, tre från 1990-talet och tre från 2000-talet för att klarlägga hur människor från Mellanöstern framställs och hur islam representeras.Syftet är även att med hjälp av Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys belysa hur samhället påverkar Hollywoods produktioner och hur dessa i sin tur påverkar samhället. Mot bakgrund av detta är Faircloughs trestegsmodell lämplig för att tydligöra det dialektiska samspel som existerar mellan samhälle och produktionen av film.Utifrån de teorier och metod som har presenterats har jag funnit att de nio utvalda filmerna framställer människor från Mellanöstern och islam på ett negativt sätt. Det har även varit möjligt att med hjälp av Faircloughs trestegsmodell tydligöra ett dialektiskt samspel mellan USA:s Mellanösternpolitik och Hollywood. / In a time when antagonistic feelings continue to escalate in our postindustrial society, it tends to be vital to look for the contributing factors to why opposition seems to continue. It is my understanding that Hollywood is one of several factors to the ongoing animosity. It is also my belief that the ongoing US Middle Eastern policy has an influence on Hollywood, which has a direct impact on the production of movies that represent people of the Middle East and Islam.The purpose if this paper is to analyze nine selected Hollywood movies using theories such as Orentalism, stereotypes, representation and common-sense assumptions. The films will be taken from three separate decades, from the 1960s, 1990s and the 2000s. The function of the investigation is to determine how people of the Middle East and Islam are being represented.Another purpose is also to establish an understanding on how society affects Hollywood productions but also how these productions in turn affect society; this will be done by using Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis. Fairclough’s framework for CDA is ideal in determenating the ongoing dialectical relationship between society and the production of movies.By using the theories and method formerly presented, I have concluded that when analyzing the nine selected movies, people of the Middle East and Islam are being represented in a negative manner. It has also been possible to establish that there exists a dialectical relationship between US Middle Eastern policy and Hollywood by using Fairclough’s framework for CDA.

This essay will discuss Jean Rhys’s novel Wide Sargasso Sea from a postcolonial and historical perspective, to show how Rhys’s recreation of Bertha Rochester’s past (Charlotte Brontë’s madwoman in Jane Eyre) can make her end appear triumphant. The analysis will be based on a combination of aspects from the novel’s contemporary English and Caribbean societies and Edward Said’s thoughts about Orientalism, mainly the binary opposition between Europe and the Orient and the creation of Orientalist knowledge. Said’s theories and historical actualities will be used to identify how colonial and patriarchal values in the novel influence the development of the heroine Antoinette through her upbringing and later how they are used to reduce her into a madwoman. The analysis will conclude that Antoinette’s rebellion against patriarchal and colonial oppression in the last part of the novel provides an opportunity to interpret her predetermined end in Jane Eyre as triumphant.

In this learning materials analysis I will be going through the following Swedish curriculums, lgy70, lpf94 and lgy70 and at least two textbooks from each curriculum. The purpose of this essay is to find out if there has been any changes in the textual content regarding colonialization in the Swedish textbooks in the subject of history at Swedish high school´s. This is based on a postcolonial theory. It will be carrried out with the help of the postcolonial theorist Edward Said, and his concepts of "we" and "them" will be important. In this essay I have analyzed teaching materials in the subject of history, while using qualitative methods. Conclusions have been made about how the number of pages devoted to colonialism changed over time, from having been the highest during lgy70 to decrasing during lpf94, then increasing again during lgy11. This work has also counted the number of times that diffrent countries/areas are being mentioned in the teaching materials in order to get answers about which countries/areas have been given the most amount of space, where you can see that Africa, Europe and Great Britain are generally mentioned the most number of times. By using my text analzysis, I have also been able to receive answers about how colonialism has changed in the Swedish teaching materials over time. It can be seen that depending on how clearly the curriculums considers colonialism/imperialism to be included reflects into the content of the textbooks.

No description available.

O presente trabalho realiza uma leitura da chamada segunda trilogia em prosa de Samuel Beckett composta pelos textos Company (1980), Ill Seen Ill Said (1981) e Worstward Ho (1983), com especial atenção para a obra Company. Tais textos fazem parte da prosa final do autor, marcada pelo hibridismo de gêneros e por um intenso questionamento da linguagem e da representação literária. Destacando as características desta fase procuramos argumentar que, em meio a todos os experimentos do narrador beckettiano, há um mecanismo de busca de companhia na própria narrativa, tema que atravessa diversos trabalhos de Beckett e se evidencia com a publicação de Company. A necessidade de companhia através do ato de narrar, contudo, processa-se de forma ambígua e conflituosa. / This dissertation presents a reading of Samuel Beckett´s so-called second trilogy in prose comprising the works Company (1980), Ill Seen Ill Said (1981), and Worstward Ho (1983), with special focus on Company. These texts belong to the authors late prose, characterized by a mixture of genres and the intense questioning of both language and literary representation. While highlighting the specificities of this period, we argue that among all the experiments of the Beckettian narrator there is a mechanism that seeks for company within the very narrative a theme present in many of Becketts works, which is further stressed by the publication of Company. The need for company through the act of narrative, however, unfolds in an ambiguous and conflicted manner.

No description available.

Biblical interpretation in the contemporary context of globalisation faces a variety of challenges. This thesis addresses the challenges presented to the discipline by the incorporation of poststructuralism, postcolonialism, and liberation theologies, particularly the problem of interpretive ghettoisation and the ethics of contemporary biblical interpretation. It proposes one possible answer to the question of how the field of biblical hermeneutics can move beyond the segregation passively encouraged by subjectivity and self-determination toward the integration of academic and vernacular hermeneutics in the interests of justice for the dominated and the reconstitution of the dominant. This thesis first presents the interpretive theories of Edward W. Said, addresses the major criticisms of his work, and proceeds to discuss the adaptation of his concept of contrapuntal reading to the interpretation of biblical texts. Second, it presents a survey of current work in the field which attempts to overcome the gap between academic and vernacular hermeneutics and critiques these approaches in light of Said’s concepts. Third, it presents the book of Job as an appropriate context in which to explore the possibilities of contrapuntal hermeneutics. This section analyses various academic and vernacular interpretations of the book of Job and places these interpretations in contrapuntal dialogue over the course of three chapters. The first of these chapters explores the possibilities for dialogue between those interpretations that view suffering as a key theme in the book and those that do not; the second chapter explores interpretations of the book of Job and the issue of suffering in various Euro-North American psychological contexts and in various African contexts of HIV/AIDS; and the third chapter juxtaposes academic and vernacular interpretations of the book of Job in various Asian contexts. Finally, the study closes with an argument for pedagogical reform based upon the ethical and interpretive insights of contrapuntal hermeneutics.

O presente trabalho realiza uma leitura da chamada segunda trilogia em prosa de Samuel Beckett composta pelos textos Company (1980), Ill Seen Ill Said (1981) e Worstward Ho (1983), com especial atenção para a obra Company. Tais textos fazem parte da prosa final do autor, marcada pelo hibridismo de gêneros e por um intenso questionamento da linguagem e da representação literária. Destacando as características desta fase procuramos argumentar que, em meio a todos os experimentos do narrador beckettiano, há um mecanismo de busca de companhia na própria narrativa, tema que atravessa diversos trabalhos de Beckett e se evidencia com a publicação de Company. A necessidade de companhia através do ato de narrar, contudo, processa-se de forma ambígua e conflituosa. / This dissertation presents a reading of Samuel Beckett´s so-called second trilogy in prose comprising the works Company (1980), Ill Seen Ill Said (1981), and Worstward Ho (1983), with special focus on Company. These texts belong to the authors late prose, characterized by a mixture of genres and the intense questioning of both language and literary representation. While highlighting the specificities of this period, we argue that among all the experiments of the Beckettian narrator there is a mechanism that seeks for company within the very narrative a theme present in many of Becketts works, which is further stressed by the publication of Company. The need for company through the act of narrative, however, unfolds in an ambiguous and conflicted manner.

Orientador: Carolina Maria Rodríguez Zuccolillo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T00:03:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_GleideAmaraldos_D.pdf: 2312794 bytes, checksum: c5a69120d9bd73d74f46910e0664b1d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Résumé: Cette thèse, inscrite dans l'histoire des idées en commun avec Linguistique Analyse du discours, vise à analyser les effets des sens la formulation discursive des règles et des ajouts dans les grammaires Julio Ribeiro, Said Ali et Evanildo Bechara. Si ces règles de grammaire et des textes qui, ici, nous appelons ajouts grammaticales, ce qui nous considérons leurs discours, concernant la langue del'externalité, étant entendu que cette relation est la constitution mutuelle. En conséquence, nous analysons la rédaction de procédures de la règle, compte tenu de ce qui se passe dans le corps du texte et les notes et commentaires, en tenant compte des conditions particulières de grammatisation au Brésil. Les questions qui guident notre étude sont les suivantes: Comment les images de l'intégralité de la langue? Comme ce sujet se pose par rapport à la langue, au Brésil, en tenant compte des conditions spécifiques de grammatisation? Quel genre de "incomplétude", c'est que si vous voulez "remplir" les grammaires brésiliens? Quelle est votre relation avec la tension entre la langue - la norme - du Portugal et le Brésil? Voici, d'abord, le concept des langues grammatisation, processus qui inclut la question de la formulation de la règle et la norme. Dans un second temps, nous traitons les règles et les ajouts discours historico-grammaticale sur le terrain, discuter de la standardisation de la langue, à travers les règles. Nous avons également discuté de la question de la production de connaissances sur la langue, pour voir comment il donne la formulation de règles et ajouts des grammaires sélectionnés et a ensuite fait un sur vol des parties de grammaires, la coupe des règles spécifiques d'analyse de la mise pronoms atones, en cherchant à réaliser la mise en place de la règle, la formulation de règles et ajouts des grammaires brésiliens / Resumo: Essa tese, inscrita no domínio da História das Ideias Linguísticas em articulação com a Análise de Discurso, tem como objeto analisar discursivamente os efeitos de sentidos da formulação das regras e os acréscimos nas gramáticas de Julio Ribeiro, Said Ali e Evanildo Bechara. Foram essas regras gramaticais e os textos, que aqui chamamos de acréscimos gramaticais, que nos fizeram considerar suas discursividades, relacionando a linguagem à exterioridade, entendendo que esta relação é de constituição mútua. Nesse sentido, procuramos analisar os procedimentos de formulação da regra, tendo em vista o que vai no corpo do texto e nas notas e comentários, considerando as condições particulares da gramatização no Brasil, país de colonização portuguesa. As perguntas que norteiam nossa reflexão são: Como se constrói o imaginário da completude da língua? Como esse sujeito se coloca em relação à língua no Brasil, em relação à língua de Portugal? Que tipo de "incompletude" é que se procura "preencher" nas gramáticas brasileiras? Qual sua relação com a tensão entre a língua - a norma - de Portugal e do Brasil? Apresentamos, primeiramente, o conceito de gramatização das línguas, processo em que se insere a questão da formulação da regra e da norma. Em um segundo momento, tratamos das regras e dos acréscimos gramaticais no domínio histórico-discursivo, discutindo a normatização da língua, por meio das regras. Discutimos também a temática da produção do saber sobre a língua, para verificar de que modo se dá a formulação das regras no corpo do texto e nos acréscimos nas gramáticas selecionadas e em seguida fizemos uma apresentação geral das partes dessas gramáticas trazendo algumas regras gerais para análise e recortando para a análise específica as regras de colocação dos pronomes átonos, procurando perceber a instituição da norma, pela formulação das regras e os acréscimos nas gramáticas brasileiras / Abstract: This thesis, entered the field of Linguistic History of Ideas in a linkage with the Discourse Analysis, aims at analyzing the discursive the effects of senses of formulation of rules and increases in grammars Julio Ribeiro, Said Ali and Evanildo Bechara. These were the texts and grammar rules, which here we call grammatical increases, we did consider his discoursivities, relating the language to exteriority, understanding that this relationship is of mutual constitution. Accordingly, we analyze the procedures for formulating the rule, in view of what is in the body of the text and the notes and comments, considering the particular conditions of grammatisation in Brazil, country of Portuguese colonization. The questions that guide our reflection are: How do you build the imaginary completeness of the language? How this subject arises in relation to language in Brazil compared the language of Portugal? What kind of "incompleteness" is that it seeks to "fill" the Brazilian grammars? What is your relationship with the tension between the language - the norm - of Portugal and Brazil? Here, firstly, the presentation of the concept of grammatisation languages, process which includes the issue of formulation of the rule and the norm. In a second step, we treat the rules and increases grammatical in the field historical-discursive, discussing the standardization of the language, through the rules. We also discussed the issue of the production of knowledge about the language, to see how it gives the formulation of rules in the body of the text and in the increases in selected grammars and then made a general presentation of parts of grammars, bringing some general rules for analysis and cutting to specific analysis, rules for placement of atonic pronouns, seeking to realize the establishment of the norm, for the rules formulation and the increases in Brazilian grammars / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutora em Linguística