Human mate choice is far from random. Assortative mating can be either positive (homogamy), when people prefer and choose partners with self-similar characteristics, or negative (heterogamy, complementarity), when people prefer self-dissimilar partners. Over one hundred years of research, it has been shown that people generally couple based on the principle of homogamy. This thesis seeks to address the following two goals. First, it critically reviews the current state of knowledge in positive assortative mating (in particular, empirical support, factors affecting homogamy, mechanisms of homogamy, relationship and genetic impact of homogamy, and methodological pitfalls of research). This section includes theoretical papers deal with further mechanisms of assortative mating (homogamy, imprinting-like effect, heterogamy, complementarity). Second, the thesis provides further test of assortative mating in 'ideal partners' (preferences) and actual partners, in the context of sex, sexual orientation (heterosexual and non-heterosexual), and population (Brazil and Czech Republic). Results of these studies show that the principle of homogamy is valid irrespective of sex and population. However, they find a stronger tendency for homogamy in actual partners among heterosexuals than in homosexuals, although...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the meaning of a heteronormative in schoolenvironments. The purpose is also to investigate whether the examined curriculum materialsin social studies for grades 4–6 display a heteronormative and how different types of gender,family constellations and sexual orientation are displayed in curriculum materials in socialstudies for that age group. The conclusion is based on a textual and visual analysis of fourdifferent curriculum materials in social studies. Methodological triangulation is used to makeit easier to discover whether they are heteronormative. The survey is based on a qualitativeanalysis with quantitative elements. As both the text and visuals have been examined, it wasnot enough to only use one measurement method. The quantitative method was used toanswer the frequency of the appearance of gender, family constellation and sexual orientationin the curriculum materials. To answer the issue on whether the teaching materials areheteronormative or not, the qualitative method was used. The main result shows that all examined instructional materials display men and women,nuclear families and heterosexuals the majority of times. Based on the result, it also appearsthat the instructional materials, in one way or another, are heteronormative.

The main body of the thesis deals with selected factors underlying the considerable variability in human olfactory abilities and some odour awareness-related measures, addressed in samples ranging in age from middle childhood to young adulthood. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part (Chapter 1), first presents the major advances and developments that brought about something of a renaissance of scientific interest in the human sense of smell, including the recent proliferation of psychophysical studies, both basic research and clinical. Next, an outline of olfactory psychophysical measures and related olfactory abilities that are of relevance to the studies presented in this thesis is provided. Subsequently, the selected factors contributing to interindividual differences in olfactory abilities, that have been addressed by this thesis, are reviewed, namely the effect of sex (or gender), which is approached from a developmental perspective, childhood gender nonconformity, and personality. Finally, intraindividual fluctuations in olfactory performance are also mentioned in brief. Next, the focus shifts to odour awareness by first introducing the various approaches that can be adopted to get closer to the real-life context as opposed to laboratory setting (where most olfactory studies continue to be...

Pansexualität leitet sich aus dem griechischen Wort παν (gesamt, ganz, alles) ab und beschreibt eine sexuelle Orientierung, die eine Offenheit in der Partner_innenwahl beinhaltet. In Abgrenzung zu psychiatrischen Verwendungsweisen, die in pansexuellem Verhalten und Denken eine Persönlichkeitsstörung sehen, wird Pansexualität in queer-feministischen Debatten als subversiver Handlungsraum in heteronormierten Umwelten verstanden. In einem sozialwissenschaftlichen Kontext ist das Konzept der Pansexualität bisher deutlich unterbelichtet. Die im Konzept selbst angelegte Unmöglichkeit einer eindeutigen Definition führt zu ethischen und wissenschaftlichen Herausforderungen.

Les pratiques de réorientation sexuelle et de genre (PRSG), souvent appelées thérapies de conversion, sont des pratiques qui visent à changer, nier ou supprimer des orientations sexuelles non hétérosexuelles, et des expressions de genre et des identités de genre transgenres. Les PRSG sont inefficaces et sont associées à des conséquences psychosociales négatives. Cette étude qualitative adopte un devis descriptif interprétatif pour explorer comment les individus qui ont vécu des PRSG se remettent de ces pratiques. Pour ce faire, nous avons mené des entrevues approfondies avec 20 adultes canadiens ayant vécu des PRSG. À l’aide d’une analyse thématique, trois thèmes ont été dérivés sur la base des expériences de rétablissement des participants : 1) reconstruire son cercle de soutien social et trouver de la force dans les communautés lesbiennes, gaies, bisexuelles, transgenres, queers et bispirituelles (LGBTQ2S+) ainsi que dans celles soutenant les personnes LGBTQ2S+  ; 2) surmonter les PRSG grâce aux thérapies et aux soins médicaux affirmant les identités LGBTQ2S+ ; et 3) gérer les relations avec les instigateurs des PRSG. Sur la base de ces résultats, nous proposons des pistes de solutions afin de faciliter le processus de guérison des personnes qui subissent des PRSG. / Sexual orientation and gender identity and expression change efforts (SOGIECE)—often referred to as conversion therapy—are practices that aim to change, deny, or suppress transgender and non-heteronormative sexual orientations, gender expressions and gender identities. SOGIECE are ineffective and associated with negative psychosocial consequences. This qualitative study follows an interpretative description design to explore how individuals who have experienced SOGIECE recover from these practices. We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 Canadian adult participants with experiences of SOGIECE. Using thematic analysis of the data, three overarching themes were derived pertaining to participants’ recovery from SOGIECE: 1) rebuilding social support and finding strength in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and Two-Spirit (LGBTQ2S+) and LGBTQ2S+-affirming communities; 2) overcoming SOGIECE through affirming therapy and healthcare support; and 3) managing SOGIECE instigators. Based on these findings, we offer recommendations to facilitate the recovery process of people who experience SOGIECE.

The main body of the thesis deals with selected factors underlying the considerable variability in human olfactory abilities and some odour awareness-related measures, addressed in samples ranging in age from middle childhood to young adulthood. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part (Chapter 1), first presents the major advances and developments that brought about something of a renaissance of scientific interest in the human sense of smell, including the recent proliferation of psychophysical studies, both basic research and clinical. Next, an outline of olfactory psychophysical measures and related olfactory abilities that are of relevance to the studies presented in this thesis is provided. Subsequently, the selected factors contributing to interindividual differences in olfactory abilities, that have been addressed by this thesis, are reviewed, namely the effect of sex (or gender), which is approached from a developmental perspective, childhood gender nonconformity, and personality. Finally, intraindividual fluctuations in olfactory performance are also mentioned in brief. Next, the focus shifts to odour awareness by first introducing the various approaches that can be adopted to get closer to the real-life context as opposed to laboratory setting (where most olfactory studies continue to be...

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[pt] O trabalho investiga a discussão sobre a orientação sexual na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987-1988 (ANC). Um dos objetivos da pesquisa é descrever as discussões sobre a temática, com especial atenção às menções a pessoas lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, trans, intersex e demais dissidentes de gênero e sexualidade (LGBTI+). O segundo objetivo da dissertação é realizar uma análise crítica dos discursos levantados, com atenção para o poder produtivo do discurso. A pesquisa adotou como marco teórico a noção de performatividade de gênero, desenvolvida por Judith Butler, e seus desdobramentos críticos relativos ao processo de construção do sujeito. A principal técnica de investigação empregada foi a análise documental, que auxiliou na obtenção de dados primários a partir dos Anais da ANC e dos documentos disponibilizados no Fundo João Antônio Mascarenhas do Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth. Os métodos que orientam o exame são a análise foucaultiana do discurso e a teorização fundamentada nos dados. Os resultados mostram como foi a articulação da incidência política encabeçada pelo Triângulo Rosa na Constituinte, suas limitações em relação à representatividade do grupo social e os processos de hierarquização de identidades que constituem a base do Movimento LGBTI+, com especial alijamento de pessoas travestis e transexuais. Além disso, demonstrou-se a persistência de certas formações discursivas contemporaneamente, sobretudo por meio da oposição, de parlamentares ligados a setores religiosos, às demandas de pessoas LGBTI+; e constatou-se, a partir de evidências empíricas, que a proteção contra discriminação com base em orientação sexual está abarcada pela vedação geral prevista na atual Constituição. / [en] The work investigates the debate regarding sexual orientation in the 1987-1988 National Constituent Assembly (ANC). One of the objectives of the research is to describe the discussions on the theme, with special attention to the mentions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, intersex and other gender and sexuality dissidents (LGBTI+). The second objective of the thesis is to conduct a critical analysis of the discourses, with attention to the productive power of discourse. The research adopted as a theoretical framework the notion of gender performativity, developed by Judith Butler, and its critical outcomes concerning the process of subject construction. The main research technique employed was document analysis, which helped in obtaining primary data from the proceedings of the ANC and the documents made available in Fundo João Antônio Mascarenhas of the Edgard Leuenroth Archive. The methods guiding the examination are Foucauldian discourse analysis and grounded theory. The results show how was the articulation of the political advocacy coordinated by Triângulo Rosa in the Constituent, its limitations in relation to the representation of the social group, and the processes of hierarchization of identities that constitute the base of the LGBTI+ Movement, with particular exclusion of transvestites and transsexuals. In addition, the work demonstrated the contemporary persistence of certain discursive formations, especially through the opposition of congressmen linked to religious sectors to the demands of LGBTI+ people; and found empirical evidence that protection against discrimination based on sexual orientation is covered by the general prohibition provided for in the current Constitution.

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