Little is known about how the decision for elective cesarean section comes about in the clinical environment. A prospective longitudinal study based on the Health Belief Model was conducted about first time mothers’ decision making processes and their health beliefs which led to their satisfaction with their decision about their mode of delivery. A convenience sample of 144 nulliparous women with singleton pregnancies and no medical indications requiring a cesarean delivery were recruited using internet based informational notices and with flyers. Women (n = 127) planning a vaginal delivery (VDMR) represented 88.2% of the sample and women (n = 17) requesting a cesarean delivery (CDMR) represented 11.8% of the sample. Data were collected during the third trimester and six weeks after the delivery using an internet-based questionnaire. Data were analyzed using t-tests and multiple linear regression to predict the effect of maternal health beliefs, maternal childbirth self efficacy, partner support, acceptance of the maternal role, and request group (VDMR vs. CDMR) on the dependent variables of maternal perception of the delivery and maternal satisfaction with her decision for the mode of delivery. Compared to women with VDMR, women with CDMR were significantly older, less educated, perceived more risk of emergent cesarean and less ability to deliver vaginally. Hypothesis testing indicated that the overall regression model did not significantly predict maternal perception of the delivery. The model accounted for a significant amount (15.1 %) of the variance in maternal satisfaction with the decision for mode of delivery. Acceptance of the maternal role and maternal request group significantly contributed to the model indicating that women with higher acceptance of the maternal role and women with CDMR had poorer satisfaction with their decision for the mode of delivery. The findings showed that factors influencing maternal perceptions of the delivery and satisfaction with the mode of delivery are different. Health beliefs had less relevance for perception of the delivery. It is possible that experiences that occur within the context of the delivery are more salient for maternal perception. Women with higher acceptance of the maternal role and who request a cesarean delivery are at risk for less satisfaction with their delivery decision and more decisional conflict and thus may need more support during decision-making processes and after delivery. Future research should examine the long-term impact of dissatisfaction with delivery decision on maternal outcomes.

Syftet med studien var att ta reda på om det går att predicera medarbetares livstillfredsställelse, psykosociala välmående och upplevd relation till närmaste chef utifrån chefers emotionsperception och emotionsreglering. Detta gjordes genom att 38 chefer utförde ett datorbaserat emotionsperceptionstest samt besvarade Emotional Regulation Questionaire. Deras närmaste medarbetare bestående av totalt 213 stycken fick sedan besvara en enkät bestående av delar från Satisfaction With Life Scale, SF-1 och QPS Nordic. Studiens huvudresultat visade att generaliserat kan resultatet från emotionsperceptionstestet och det självrapporterade användandet av omvärdering av känslor hos chefer förklarar 28 % av skattningarna på Satisfaction With Life Scale hos medarbetarna. Resultaten diskuteras i termer av att chefer skapar en positiv atmosfär på arbetsplatsen, identifierar sociala problem och löser konflikter effektivare när de är skickliga på emotionsperception och omvärderar sina känslor. / The purpose of the study was to determine if it is possible to predict employees' life satisfaction, psychological well-being and perceived relationship to the immediate supervisor by managers emotional perception skill and emotion regulation. This was done by 38 managers whom did a computer-based emotional perception test and answered an emotional regulation questionnaire. A questionnaire consisting of parts from Satisfaction With Life Scale, SF-1 and QPS Nordic was answered by a total of 213 employees. The findings of the study showed that the results from the emotion perception test and self-reported use of reappraisal among managers explained 28 % of the scores on the Satisfaction With Life Scale among the employees. The results are discussed in terms of managers creating a positive atmosphere in the workplace, identifying social problems and resolve conflicts, when they are skilled at emotion perception and reevaluate their own emotions.

Syftet med denna studie var att med en enkät undersöka belåtenhet med chefen ocharbetsrelaterad tillfredsställelse i förhållande till kvinnlig/manlig chef samt medarbetarnas könoch verksamhetstyp. Totalt deltog 147 respondenter vilket gav en svarsfrekvens på 74 %.Resultaten visade signifikanta skillnader i hur manligt och kvinnligt ledarskap uppfattades, imeningen att de kvinnliga cheferna hade genomgående mer nöjda medarbetare. Resultatet visadeäven att av de tre verksamhetstyperna (förskola, grundskola och gymnasium) som ingick istudien var förskolan den verksamhet som var mest belåten med chefen, oberoende av kön. Denverksamhet som hade lägst arbetstillfredsställelse i alla kategorier var grundskolan. Den endasignifikanta skillnaden som visades när det gäller kvinnliga och manliga medarbetare, var idelmåttet förmåner. Där fann vi att de manliga medarbetarna ansågs sig vara mer tillfredsställdamed de förmåner de hade i jämförelse med de kvinnliga medarbetarna. / The purpose of this survey was to examine satisfaction with the supervisor and workrelatedsatisfaction in relation to female vs. male supervisor, employee gender and type ofschool. A total of 147 respondents participated in the study, which yield a response rate of 74%.The results showed significant differences in how male and female leadership is perceived; ingeneral, female managers had the most satisfied employees. The results also showedthat participants from the pre-school, compared with elementary and high school were the mostsatisfied ones’ with the supervisor, regardless of the managers’ gender. Overall, the participantsfrom the elementary school showed the lowest work- related satisfaction. Finally, themale compared to female employees were showed to be most satisfied with the work-relatedbenefits, independently of the type of organisation.

The purpose of this study was to investigate predictive value of life satisfaction, academic achievement, number of clients, number of counseling sessions, and satisfaction level of supervision both in terms of quality and quantity in determining counselor trainees&rsquo / counseling self-efficacy levels. The sample of this study was the 470 voluntary senior counselor trainees (335 females, 135 males) enrolled in Department of Guidance and Counseling at eleven universities in Turkey. Participants were administered a demographic data form, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Counselor Self-Estimate Inventory and the Counselor Activity Self-Efficacy Scales. In the context of this study, the Counselor Activity Self-Efficacy Scales were translated to Turkish, validity and reliability studies were conducted. Additionally, reliability studies of the other scales used for the sample of the present study were conducted. Data analysis was carried out by Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis. Results of the study indicated that life satisfaction, number of counseling sessions and satisfaction with quality of supervision explained 13% of the total variance of counseling self-efficacy scores of the counselor trainees. Life satisfaction was found as the most important predictor of counseling self-efficacy, explaining 8.2 % of the total variance. On the other hand, academic achievement, number of clients and satisfaction with quantity of supervision were not found to be significant predictors of counseling self-efficacy.

Women with an inherited BRCA mutation are at significantly increased risk for breast and ovarian cancer, often diagnosed at an earlier age than sporadic cancers. Prophylactic surgery, with bilateral mastectomy and/or bilateral prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy, represents an option for risk reduction. The purpose of this study was to explore quality of life, sexual functioning, menopausal symptoms, psychological well-being and satisfaction with risk management decisions for BRCA-positive women ages 21 to 50 (M = 38.4 years), without a personal history of cancer. A web-based, cross-sectional study design was utilized to compare women opting for any prophylactic surgery (n = 160) with those without a history of prophylactic surgery (n = 71). Quality of life (per the Quality of Life Index, Self-Anchoring Striving Scale and Body Image Quality of Life measures) and Psychological General Well-Being Index scores were essentially the same across the entire study sample. While controlling for age, prophylactic surgery (PS) predicted more severe symptoms of sexual dysfunction as measured by the Female Sexual Functioning Index (total score, Desire, Arousal, Lubrication and Satisfaction domains). Similarly, PS predicted menopausal symptoms and sleep difficulties. Women who had not undergone any prophylactic surgery had higher levels of Stigma and lower levels of Mastery, as measured by the BRCA Self-Concept scale. Prophylactic surgery also predicted higher levels of Satisfaction with Decision for hereditary cancer risk management. Findings from this exploratory study provide insight into the quality of life, sexual functioning and psychological well-being for unaffected, BRCA-positive women. Additional research is needed to examine sexual functioning prospectively, to further investigate the potential sequelae of risk-reducing surgery.

The aim of the research was to design and assess the effectiveness of a hope enhancement programme for a group of adults and the resulting influence on their general psychological well-being. The purpose of the programme was to increase hope, as conceptualised by Snyder et al. (1991), by enhancing participants' abilities to set feasible goals, planning ways to reach those goals (pathways) and increasing determination and motivation (agency) towards goal achievement. The workshop-format programme, presented by the researcher, consisted of six two-hour sessions spread over five days. The programme was developed through incorporating suggestions from existing Hope literature together with health psychological and positive psychology principles. In order to determine the impact of the programme, four measurement instruments were used, namely the Hope Scale, the Hunter Opinions and Personal Expectations Scale (HOPES), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Sense of Coherence scale (SOC-29). A pre and post-test design included an experimental group (n = 8), control group (n = 8) and 'chat' group (n = 8). Prior to group compilation, screening interviews were conducted with interested participants to exclude those who had recently experienced trauma or displayed overt signs of psychological pathology. The control group received no intervention, while the 'chat' group, of which the researcher was also a member, was allowed to discuss topics of their choosing. The study groups comprised both men and women of different ages and socio-economic status. All participants were White and Afrikaans speaking. Descriptive statistics, psychometric analysis of the measuring instruments and significant differences between groups were calculated with the assistance of the STATISTICA (version 6) computer programme (Statsoft Inc., 2003). Reliability indices compared well with those recorded in the literature for the various scales. For the experimental group, the findings indicated an increase in the hope levels as reflected by significant improvement on the Hope Scale and the Hopefulness subscale of the HOPES. Subjective feedback from the group confirmed these findings. Psychological well-being improved, as shown by a significant increase in Sense of Coherence (SOC-29) along with a positive change in Satisfaction with Life (SWLS). Neither the control nor experimental groups revealed any significant changes. It was established that the hope enhancement programme is effective in increasing the levels of hope and general psychological well-being of a group of adults relatively free of psychological pathology. Considering the findings, it is recommended that future wellness intervention should not focus solely on individuals with established psychological pathology, but also consider a preventative approach within the average population. / Thesis (M.A. (Clinical Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

Aim of the study. To assess the satisfaction with the care and quality of life of patients suffering from lower extremities venues varicose Objectives: 1. To assess quality of life of patients suffering from lower extremities venues varicose 2. To assess the patients’ satisfaction with the health care 3. To determine relations of patients’ satisfaction and quality of life of patients suffering from lower extremities venues varicose Methods. The anonymous survey was conducted in February – May in 2005 at the Department of Angiosurgery of Kaunas County hospital. Questionnaires were given to the patients suffering from lower extremities venues varicose. 150 patients returned filled in questionnaires, from 248 (response rate 60.5%). Patients’ quality of life (QoL)was measured according to an abbreviated WHOQoL questionnaire. Statistical data analysis was performed with the SPSS program. Results. More than a half of patients (58.0%) evaluate their QoL moderately. The average overall quality of life score among patients was 13.7 (from 20 possible). The quality of life mean scores in the social and physical health domain were significantly higher among patients, lower in psychological and environmental domain (p<0.05). Half of the patients (50.0%) confirmed that they are moderately satisfied with their health. Two thirds (67.8%) observant told that they are satisfied, 28.9% - partly dissatisfied with the health service. Majority (91.9%) of the respondents determined that medical... [to full text]

The aim of the study – investigate the motivation factors of surgical profile nurses work. The objectives of the study: 1. To investigate of satisfaction with work, to identify the motivation positive factors, emotional exhaustion of nurses, which are working in the surgical profile departments and operating-theaters. 2. To investigate negative factors (emotional exhaustion, salary, nursing load). 3. To give the offers for the main problems solutions. Hypothesis – the nurses motivation, which are working in the operating-theaters or surgical profile departments, is the same. Methodology: Investigative – nurses, which are working in Kaunas University of Medicine clinic, departments of orthopedics and traumatology, neurosurgery, childrens surgery in the operating-theaters and departments. Investigation method – Questionnaire-based inquiry, emotional scale. Statistical analysis has been made by Microsoft Excel 2003 program. The obtained findings were processed using SPSS for Windows 12.0 statistical software package. The results and conclusions of the study: 70% of all nurses are satisfied with theirs job, ‘cause they are „responsible for what they��re doing“. The bigger pay could induce to work better even 82,5% of nurses. Almost for the half of nurses, working in the departments, the motivation for better work could be financial support-awards; for the third of operating-theaters nurses – the compliments of the heads. Statistically significant (p = 0,002) was the emotional... [to full text]

Šiame darbe nagrinėjami asmenybės bruožų, pasitenkinimo gyvenimu ir sveikatos rodiklių sąsajos Airijoje gyvenančių lietuvių imtyje. Atliktu tyrimu siekiama nustatyti, ar Airijoje gyvenantys lietuviai skiriasi asmenybės bruožais, pasitenkinimo gyvenimo lygiu, rūkymo ir gėrimo paplitimu, nusiskundimų sveikata dažnumu, patiriamo psichosocialinio streso lygiu nuo Lietuvoje gyvenančių lietuvių. Tyrimas padės atskleisti, ar egzistuoja sąsajos tarp asmenybės bruožų, pasitenkinimo gyvenimu ir sveikatos rodiklių. Gauti rezultatai rodo, kad Airijoje gyvenantiems lietuviams yra būdinga labiau išreikšta ekstraversija ir atvirumas patyrimui. Taip pat Airijoje gyvenantys lietuviai pasižymi žemesniu neurotškumo lygiu. Nustatyta, kad Airijoje gyvenantys lietviai yra labiau patenkinti gyvenimu ir jų patiriamo psichosocialinio streso lygis žemesnis, jie turi mažiau nusiskundimų psichine ir fizine sveikata nei Lietuvoje gyvenantys lietuviai. Rūkymo ir gėrimo paplitimas didesnis Airijoje gyvenančių lietuvių tarpe. Tyrimo rezultatai leido atskleisti ir patvirtino užsienio autorių tyrimo rezultatus, kad pasitenkinimas gyvenimu susijęs su asmenybės bruožais. Patikimiausiai su pasitenkinimu gyvenimu susiję šie bruožai: ekstraversija ir sutariamumas. Neurotizmas susijęs su patiriamo psichosocialinio streso lygiu, ir bendru sveikatos vertinimu. / The purpose of this stydy is to investigate correlates of personality traits, satisfaction with life and health in the sample of Lithuanians living in Ireland. This research will allow to determine whether Lithuanians living in Ireland differ in personality traits, satisfaction with life level, smoking and drinking habbits, psychosocial stress level, satisfaction with health and health complaints from lithuanians living in Lithuania. Although it will be examined if there is correlates between personality traits, satisfaction with life and health. The results show that Lithuanians living in Ireland have higher levels of extraversion and openness to experience. Lithuanians living in Ireland have lower level of neuroticizm. Although Lithuanians living in Ireland are more satisfied with life, have lower levels of psychosocial stress, are more satisfied with their health and have less complaints about physical and mental health then Lithuanians living in Ireland. Lithuanians in Ireland drink and smoke more then lithuanians in Lithuania. Research results confirmed that satisfaction with life correlates with personality traits: extraversion and agreebleness. Neuroticizm correlates with psychosocial stress and health satisfaction.

Tikslas - įvertinti subjektyvių ir objektyvių kognityvinių funkcijų sąsajas su pasitenkinimu gyvenimu ir kompensacinių technikų naudojimu senyvame amžiuje. Tyrime dalyvavo 97 tiriamieji vyresni nei 63 metai. Tyrime dalyvavusių respondentų amžiaus vidurkis buvo 74,54 (stnd. n. 8,9). Dauguma tiriamųjų buvo moterys 65% (N=63), likusieji 35% (N=34) buvo vyrai. Tiriamojo buvo prašoma atsakyti į klausimus, susijusius su jo atmintimi, dėmesio koncentracija, apskritai pažintinėmis funkcijomis, naudojant CFQ metodiką. Pastaroji vertinimo metodika yra skirta įvertinti subjektyviai suvokiamas savo pažintines funkcijas. Naudojant Diener E. (1985) skalę, tiriamiesiems buvo užduodami penki klausimai, apie jų jaučiamą pasitenkinimą gyvenimu. Naudojant penkių žodžių testą ir Krepelino metodiką, buvo įvertinama tiriamųjų ilgalaikė ir trumpalaikė atmintis ir dėmesio išsekimas. Siekiant objektyviomis metodikomis įvertinti tiriamųjų bendrą pažintinių funkcijų lygį buvo naudojamas 6CIT klausimynas. Taip pat tiriamieji atsakė į papildomus klausimus apie išsilavinimą, šeimyninę padėti, sveikatą, kompensacinių technikų naudojimą. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad tiriamųjų pažintinės funkcijos silpnėja su amžiumi. Seno amžiaus tiriamieji pasižymi silpnesnėmis pažintinėmis funkcijomis, nei senyvo amžiaus tiriamieji. Aukštesnio išsilavinimo tiriamųjų pažintinių funkcijų rodikliai buvo aukštesni, nei kito išsilavinimo tiriamųjų. Kita vertus, tiriamųjų pasitenkinimas gyvenimu nėra susijęs su jų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this study was to assess relationship between subjective and objective cognitive functions and satisfaction with life and using compensatory techniques in elderly. The subjects of the study were 97 men and women, elderly than 63 years old. Mean of the age was 74,54 ± 8,9. Mostly of the subjects were women (65%, N=63) and 35% (N=34) were men. There were individual talk with everyone subject of the study. The subjects had asked to answer in questions about their memory, attention, generally cognitive functions. CFQ was used for to assess subjective cognitive failures. Using Diener E. (1985) scale, subjetcs had to answer five questions about their satisfaction with life. Five – word test and Kreapaeaelin methodic were used to assess subject’s short – term memory, long – term memory and attention. 6CIT methodic was used to assess subject’s generally cognitive functions. Also there were questions about education, marital status, health and using compansatory techniques. The results of this study show that there are statistically significant differences between age cognitive functions. Cognitive functions are better in Young-Old age then in Old-old age. Also there are differences between education. But there are no statistically significant differences between cognitive functions, education, age, using compensatory techniques and satisfaction with life. But results show that satisfaction with life is relates with relations with family, also with long term memory and... [to full text]