Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:47:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra Maria Jannotti Quintao.pdf: 1546695 bytes, checksum: a8ef30ac4da70fee6bbcaebad766ed62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-16 / The social imaginary old age is thought as an economic burden, both the family and for society, what has led the world to subtract from the elderly the role of thinking their own destiny. Then we must ask, how is the situation of the elderly that in the past have been affected by leprosy? Disabling disease known for its stigma and segregation, which evolution, if not treated properly, brings neurological and motor sequel, considered nowadays a serious public health problem in developing countries. The person who had suspected leprosy was hunted by the Health Guard and compulsorily isolated in a hospital-colony, at that time known as leprosarium. In the condition of residents, they have aged there, isolated from their descendants and the outside world, with important psychosocial consequences, such as difficulties in accessing the labor market, loss of civil, social and political rights and the prejudice of disease marks all over the body. As a strategy, to face this situation, many of these individuals metamorphosed their identities, assuming a new social identity, for being affected with leprosy. However, it was observed that for many of them, going to Colony was a salvation, once that they were sick and had the poverty installed in their lives, surely they would not have survived the disease, which somehow contributed to generate a great sense of belonging to Colony, enabling the rescue of citizenship lost long ago. Therefore, it was possible to write their life stories and defining a place in the world, turning the fragility of the disease in potentiality in order to create new ways of living. This study aims to understand the meaning of getting old inside a former colony of leprosy and it is justified by the need to carry out a survey about the feelings of elderly, still institutionalized or residents nearby the former colony, who carry a suffered past because of the leprosy. It has as a scenery the House Health Father Damien, in the municipality of Uba (MG), where it was possible recounting the lives of an elderly people group who have suffered at some point in their lives, the marks of leprosy. This is a descriptive study and it is expected that the results contribute to support the public bodies in building policies aimed to people over 60 years old, who have experienced the process of compulsory isolation by having contracted leprosy, but also encourage new studies in searching for a more holistic treatment / No imaginário social a velhice é pensada como uma carga econômica, seja para a família, seja para a sociedade, o que tem levado o mundo a subtrair dos velhos seu papel de pensar seu próprio destino. Cabe então questionar, como fica a situação do idoso que no passado foi acometido pela hanseníase? Doença incapacitante marcada pelo estigma e segregação, cuja evolução, se não tratada adequadamente, traz sequelas neurológicas e motoras, considerada nos dias atuais como um sério problema de saúde pública nos países em desenvolvimento. O indivíduo com suspeita de hanseníase era caçado pela Guarda Sanitária e isolado compulsoriamente em algum hospital-colônia, na época conhecido como leprosário. Na condição de residentes, ali envelheceram, isolados de seus descendentes e do mundo exterior, com consequências psicossociais importantes, tais como dificuldades de acesso ao mercado de trabalho, perda dos direitos civis, sociais e políticos e o preconceito das marcas de uma doença no corpo. Como estratégia para enfrentar essa situação, muitos desses sujeitos metamorfosearam suas identidades, assumindo uma nova identidade social, a de serem portadores de hanseníase. Conduto, observou-se que para muitos, ir para a Colônia foi a salvação, uma vez doentes e com a pobreza instalada em suas vidas, com certeza não teriam sobrevivido à doença, o que de certa forma, contribuiu para gerar um grande sentimento de pertencimento para com a Colônia, possibilitando o resgate da cidadania perdida há muito. Assim, foi possível escrever suas histórias de vida e delimitar um lugar no mundo, transformando a fragilidade da doença em potencialidade para se criar novas formas de viver. Este estudo objetiva compreender o significado de envelhecer dentro de uma ex-colônia de hanseníase e justifica-se devido à necessidade de realizar levantamento sobre os sentimentos de pessoas idosas, ainda hoje institucionalizadas ou residentes nas proximidades da ex-colônia, que carregam um passado sofrido pela presença da hanseníase. Tem como cenário a Casa de Saúde Padre Damião, situada no município de Ubá (MG), onde foi possível historiar a vida de um grupo de pessoas idosas que sofreram em determinado momento de suas vidas, as marcas da hanseníase. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e espera-se que os resultados obtidos contribuam para subsidiar os órgãos públicos na construção de políticas direcionadas às pessoas com mais de 60 anos, que sofreram o processo de isolamento compulsório por terem contraído a hanseníase, como também incentivar novos estudos na busca por um tratamento mais holístico

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-22T12:21:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Antonia Demasi.pdf: 35092817 bytes, checksum: cee9c500322df8337e6f7b80561ed689 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-22T12:21:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Antonia Demasi.pdf: 35092817 bytes, checksum: cee9c500322df8337e6f7b80561ed689 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work presents an analysis of “A máquina de fazer espanhóis”, a novel by Valter Hugo Mãe. From within the field of Social Gerontology, the author mobilizes concepts from Friedrich Nietzsche, Michel Foucault, Gonçalo M. Tavares, Fernando Pessoa, Silvana Tótora and Angela Mucida to build a vision of the diversity of agings and ways of experiencing longliving. The possibility of positive encounters and affects in old age, the potential of this lifestage, institucionalization, creative novelization and finitude are discussed in light of these thinkers. The literary work as object of study alows for a perspective enriching and pertaing to the emerging field of Social Gerontology / Esse trabalho é uma análise do romance A máquina de fazer espanhóis de Valter Hugo Mãe. Situada no campo da Gerontologia Social, a autora articula conceitos de Friedrich Nietzsche, Michel Foucault, Gonçalo M. Tavares, Fernando Pessoa, Silvana Tótora e Angela Mucida para construir um painel ilustrativo da diversidade de velhices e maneiras de experimentar o longeviver. À luz desses pensadores, discute-se a possibilidade de encontros e afetos positivos na velhice, a potência desse tempo, a institucionalização, a fabulação criativa e a finitude. A obra literária como objeto de reflexão traz, portanto, uma perspectiva rica e pertinente ao contexto do campo emergente da Gerontologia Social

Thesis (M.A. (Research Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Thesis (M.A. (Research Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

The intent of this thesis was to better understand the educative role of group exercise instructors, and how this role is approached when working with older exercisers. Data were collected using textual analysis, observations of instructors’ teachings in group exercise classes, semi-structured interviews with instructors and older exercisers, and go-alongs with older exercisers. This thesis is comprised of four papers (three journal articles and one book chapter). The first paper reports findings from a scoping review and elucidates that the educative role of exercise instructors is vital but under researched. Paper 2, a book chapter, reports findings from a qualitative content analysis of eight curricula used to train and certify fitness instructors in Canada and the United States. This paper proposes strategically employing compassionate ageism to meet older exercisers’ needs without (re)producing social inequalities in response to finding that the curricula conceive the older body as different from the healthy, supposedly ideal standard. Paper 3, an Institutional Ethnography, provides evidence for some of the ways employers and the aforementioned curricula influence how instructors teach. Paper 3 reports that multi-level teaching may not be enough to foster inclusivity, thus suggesting a greater need for stratification by ability rather than age. Additionally, findings outline some ableist teaching practices, which some instructors resisted by drawing on their competence to employ teaching methods respecting exercisers’ agency. Finally, Paper 4 introduces a substantive, grounded theory of age capital, which builds on Bourdieu’s theorizations of cultural capital, as well as Mauss’ habitus and body techniques. Age capital is defined as possessing a gerontological embodied competence, or cognitive and embodied knowledge of the socio-cultural practices throughout one’s life course. Collectively, this thesis provides several recommendations for teaching group exercise in a manner that fosters more inclusive classes for older adults. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / The key goals of this research were to understand how fitness instructors’ training might influence how instructors teach in their group exercise classes, learn how and what fitness instructors teach, and identify how instructors’ teaching is (or should be) different with older exercisers. I found that fitness instructors are important to group exercise classes, as they bring people together and teach people how to exercise safely. It is also especially important that instructors have special training to work with older people, but there is a lack of consistency in the training of exercise instructors and instructors received mixed messages about ageism in their training. This could reinforce the idea that older persons lose abilities as they age and result in a one-size fits all way of teaching that fails to include older exercisers’ diverse abilities. This research suggests ways instructors can be better trained to relate to older exercisers.

人口快速老化與平均餘命的延長，使我們越來越重視老年退休生活，加上高齡者健康、經濟資源的提升，與家庭支持系統轉弱等現代社會特性，鼓勵高齡者從事社會參與乃成為老人福利中的重要課題。台灣地區高齡者從事社會參與的情形為何？影響高齡者從事社會參與的因素有哪些？從事社會參與是否能提升生活滿意度？究竟哪種社會參與面向才是主要影響生活滿意度的因素？均是本研究關注的焦點。首先根據文獻探討高齡者生活滿意度及社會參與的意涵、相關因素與相關研究，並以社會老年學觀點作為本研究的理論基礎。 本研究乃是使用行政院衛生署國民健康局人口與健康調查研究中心執行之「臺灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查系列」1999年調查資料進行次級資料分析，研究樣本為年滿六十五歲以上之高齡者，有效樣本數為2890人，針對所得的資料，以描述統計、單因子變異數分析、卡方檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、點二系列相關、皮爾森積差相關、邏輯迴歸、多元迴歸分析及階層迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析。綜合本研究主要發現，獲致下列結論： 一、高齡者具有社會參與的需求。 二、參加「老人團體」是高齡者社會參與的最愛。 三、意向障礙是阻礙高齡者社會參與的主因。 四、高齡者的社會參與與生活滿意度有關。 五、社會參與面向中，影響生活滿意度最關鍵的因素為「參與程度」。 六、影響高齡者社會參與的因素為，性別、年齡、教育程度、經濟狀況、健康狀況、居住地。 七、影響高齡者生活滿意度的因素為，教育程度、經濟狀況、健康狀況、婚姻狀況、居住安排及有無社會參與。 八、影響有社會參與的高齡者生活滿意度的因素為，教育程度、經濟狀況、健康狀況、居住安排及參與程度。 根據上述研究結論，本研究分別就政府機關、辦理老人社會參與相關機構及高齡者本身提供以下建議：一、對政府機關之建議：(一)健全老人經濟及健康之福利服務；(二)透過社會教育的方式，向老人宣導社會參與對老化調適的好處；(三)廣設老人活動中心，鼓勵並協助老人組成社團；(四)營造高齡者社會參與的無障礙環境。二、對辦理老人社會參與相關機構之建議：(一)排除機構障礙，增加高齡者社會參與的機會；(二)提供多元的社會參與類型，並注重活動進行的品質。三、對高齡者本身之建議：(一)破除意向障礙，積極從事社會參與；(二)從事退休準備，以擁有健康、滿意的老年生活。 / Due to the rapid aging of population and the prolongation of life expectancy, people pay more and more attention on elders’ retirement life. According to the characteristics of modern society, such as elders’ health, increase of economic resources and the obsolescence family support system, encouraging elders to have social participation becomes an important issue of elderly welfare. How is elders’ social participations in Taiwan? What are the key factors of elders’ social participations? Could social participation increase their life satisfactions? Which of the social participation is the main factor that influences life satisfactions? Above are the targets of this study. At first, we probe into life satisfactions, social participation meanings, related factors, and research from bibliography, and we take social gerontology as the theoretical base of this study. This study conducted a secondary data analysis based on the data from 1999 Survey of Health and Living Status of the Middle Aged and the Elderly in Taiwan, provided by the Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health, R.O.C. (Taiwan). The study subjects were elders over 65 years old, and the number of valid samples was 2890. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Chi-square test(X2), Independent-Samples t-test, point biserial correlation, the Pearson product-moment correlation, logistic regression analysis, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Based on the main findings of this study, we have the following conclusions: 1.Elders have needs of social participation. 2.“The elderly group” is elders’ favorite social participation target. 3.Intention obstacle is the main reason hindering elders’ social participation. 4.Elders’ social participation is related to life satisfaction. 5.The most critical factor in social participation which influences life satisfaction is “participation degree”. 6.The factors influencing elders’ social participation are gender, age, educational level, economic status, health status and residential locations. 7.The factors affecting elders’ life satisfaction are educational level, economic status, health status, marital status, residential arrangement and social participation. 8.The factors affecting the life satisfaction of the elderly who has social participation are educational level, economic status, health status, residential arrangement and participation degree. According to the above conclusions, this study proposes the following suggestions for the governments, institutions dealing with elders’ social participation and elders: 1. Suggestions for the governments: (1) Complete elderly economic and healthy welfare services. (2) Promoting the advantage of social participation on aging accommodation to elders by social education. (3) Constructing elderly community centers, encouraging and helping elders to establish the associations. (4) Constructing the barrier-free environment for elders’ social participation. 2. Suggestions for the institutions dealing with elders’ social participation: (1) Eliminating the obstacles of the institutions to increase probability of elders’ social participation. (2) Providing diverse types of social participation and focusing more on the quality of the activities. 3. Suggestions for elders: (1) Overcoming the intention obstacles to have more social participation. (2) Being prepared for the retirement to have healthy and satisfying elderly life.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:47:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Denise Aparecida Pereira de Araujo.pdf: 1758425 bytes, checksum: a52c8fa3ff8cc033ee0bd7aabe6edf0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research, qualitative and substantial, has had as main focus to identify, on national media, the job market speeches to 60+ people, basing on digital and printed press clippings, in order to verify market s compromise with the paradigm proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) which guides the current Active Aging Policy which in turn proposes continuous participation on socio-economic, cultural, spiritual and civic matters. 51 articles, conveyed between February and December of 2013, were selected and organized by its content, considering date, vehicle, region, cover story, titles, subtitles and focus; and initially classified in four categories: longevity, experience, retirement and entrepreneurship. Later, categories longevity and experience clustered in one, due their reference to similar themes. The articles from O Estado de S. Paulo, Valor Econômico e Revista Exame are intended to a high schooling and purchasing power public, while the other resorted vehicles (newscast, various information programs) direct to general public, some of whom, with low schooling levels. These articles provide maintenance or return to job market tips and inform how important it is to qualificate and update yourself. It was observed that media in this country is not following it s row on the Active Aging Policy agenda, because it does not inform population about their rights and duties, neither requires from society and the market, attitudes that make worth the definition of active , rescuing its dimension of optimizing opportunities / Esta pesquisa, qualitativa e documental, teve como principal objetivo identificar na mídia brasileira os discursos sobre o mercado de trabalho para as pessoas 60+, tomando por base recortes da imprensa escrita e digital, a fim de verificar o comprometimento do mercado com o paradigma proposto pela Organização Mundial da Saúde e que orienta a atual Política do Envelhecimento Ativo a qual propõe participação contínua nas questões socioeconômicas, culturais, espirituais e civis. Foram selecionadas 51 matérias veiculadas entre os meses de fevereiro a dezembro de 2013, organizadas pelo conteúdo manifesto, considerando data, veículo, região, chamada de capa, título, subtítulo, caderno e foco; e classificadas, a princípio, em quatro categorias: longevidade, experiência, aposentadoria e empreendedorismo. As categorias longevidade e experiência agruparam-se em uma única, por ambas tratarem de temas comuns. As matérias de O Estado de S. Paulo, Valor Econômico e Revista Exame são direcionadas para público com maior grau de escolaridade e maior poder aquisitivo, e os demais veículos (telejornal, programas de informações diversas) para o público, em geral, alguns deles com menor grau de escolaridade. Essas matérias fornecem dicas para manutenção ou retorno para o mercado de trabalho e informam como é importante atualizar-se e qualificar-se. Observamos que a mídia não está cumprindo seu papel na agenda da Política do Envelhecimento Ativo no país, pois não informa à população seus direitos e deveres, tampouco cobra do mercado e da sociedade atitudes que façam valer a definição de ativo , resgatando sua dimensão de otimizar oportunidades

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-11-07T11:43:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Gabriela Sturzenegger Michelin.pdf: 1453907 bytes, checksum: b7d6c8f2a4adb3d81e0cb86fcbab469f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-07T11:43:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Gabriela Sturzenegger Michelin.pdf: 1453907 bytes, checksum: b7d6c8f2a4adb3d81e0cb86fcbab469f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The aging population is growing, living longer, having new habits and attitudes, in addition to new wishes and needs, and significantly contributing to the country's national income and, as a result, becomes appealing to the consumer market. Businesses in Brazil hardly carry out projects in this segment, with almost nonexistent information-gathering and market research. Given this scenario, the main objective of this work was to learn about the State of the Art on the consumer market and seniors in Brazil, from 2006 to 2016, in order to verify what kind of academic knowledge we have, as well as the gaps and opportunities on this topic. For methodology, we opted for State-of-the-Art research of a bibliographic and exploratory nature, with content analysis. We analyzed 98 academic papers containing words related to the consumer market (service, product, consumption, marketing and market) and to the elderly (senior, aging, old and elderly). The outcome was: 1) high female participation (71 out of the 98 papers), especially regarding topics that deal with the understanding of the elderly consumer, the construction and reproduction of the elderly’s image, besides the care required at this stage. Lower male participation (27 out of the 98 papers) mainly related to topics that address practical solutions for improvements and adaptations to aging-related issues; 2) geographical mapping of study concentration on the subject, such as SP (40 papers), RS (15 papers), RJ (11 papers) and SC (7 papers); 3) presentation of 9 topics on the study’s papers, as follows: increased demand, services, new technologies, product development, product usage, advertising, media, rights, and Retail/ POS; and 5) indication of trends related to data that show us a growing interest in the subject, whether in the number of papers, in the diversity of geographic areas and educational institutions, and in the topics of the papers. The conclusion is that knowledge about the growing aging population, its reasons and consequences are already quite widespread in the academic field, with many possibilities and need for studies that deepen the knowledge on the elderly consumer, as well as current demands and new solutions for products and services that best meet their needs. The duality of the speech that reinforces stereotypes of the dependent, fragile elderly, or of the active, young elderly responds to a market framework on this segment’s power of consumption, but does not cater to the multiplicity of elderly consumers, making room for new discussions and possibilities of being old. Finally, it is also possible for businesses to consider this segment of individuals over 60 years old in their plans and projects, starting by including them in the market research studies they conduct / A população idosa aumenta, tem uma vida mais longa, com novos hábitos e atitudes, além de novos desejos e necessidades, apresenta também participação importante na renda do país e, com isso, passa a ser atrativa ao mercado de consumo. As empresas no Brasil realizam projetos sobre esse segmento de forma tímida, com um levantamento de informações e pesquisas de mercado quase inexistente. Diante desse cenário, o objetivo principal desse trabalho foi conhecer o Estado da Arte sobre o mercado de consumo e a terceira idade no Brasil, de 2006 a 2016, para verificar o que temos de conhecimento acadêmico constituído até então, bem como as lacunas e possibilidades sobre esse tema. Como metodologia, optamos pela pesquisa do Estado da Arte, de caráter bibliográfico e exploratório, com análise de conteúdo. Nosso universo foi de 89 trabalhos acadêmicos que continham palavras relativas ao mercado de consumo (serviço, produto, consumo, marketing e mercado) e à terceira idade (idoso, envelhecimento, velho, velhice e terceira idade). Como resultados, temos: 1) uma grande participação feminina dos trabalhos (71 dentre os 98), principalmente sobre os temas que tratam do entendimento do consumidor idoso, a construção e reprodução da imagem do idoso, além dos cuidados exigidos nessa fase. A menor participação masculina (27 dentre os 98) está principalmente nos temas das soluções práticas em busca de melhorias e adaptações para as questões advindas do envelhecimento; 2) mapeamento de polos geográficos de concentração de estudos sobre o tema como SP (40 trabalhos), RS (15 trabalhos), RJ (11 trabalhos) e SC (7 trabalhos) ; 3) apresentação de 9 temas sobre os trabalhos do estudo que são: aumento da demanda, serviços, novas tecnologias, desenvolvimento de produtos, uso de produtos, propagandas, mídias, direitos e Varejo/PDV e 5) indicação das tendências sobre os dados que nos mostram crescimento do interesse sobre o tema, seja em número de trabalhos, em diversidade de áreas geográficas e instituições de ensino e de temas abordados nos trabalhos. A conclusão é que o conhecimento sobre o aumento da população idosa, suas razões e consequências já está bastante difundido no campo acadêmico, com muitas possibilidades e necessidade de estudos que aprofundem o conhecimento sobre o consumidor idoso, bem como as atuais demandas e novas soluções de produtos e serviços que o melhor atenda. A dualidade do discurso que reforça os estereótipos do idoso dependente e frágil ou do idoso ativo e jovem, responde a um enquadramento do mercado sobre o poder de consumo desse segmento, porém não atende à multiplicidade dos idosos consumidores, abrindo espaço para novos discursos e possibilidades do ser velho. Por fim, há possibilidade também de as empresas passarem a considerar esse segmento dos indivíduos com mais de 60 anos em seus planos e projetos, começando por incluí-los nos estudos de pesquisa de mercado que realizam

Undersökningsområdet är äldre hemtjänsttagare som bor ensamma, där vi har studerat hur hemtjänsttagare blir påverkade av den så kallade upplevda ensamheten. Som teoretiska utgångspunkter används socialgerontologi och gerotranscendens då begreppen vi använder i studien återfinns i dessa båda teorier, samt att vi kopplar dessa till ett socialpedagogiskt perspektiv. Avsikten är att finna en brygga mellan de nämnda teoribildningarna.Syftet med studien är att synliggöra och analysera ensamhet som socialt fenomen för äldre hemtjänsttagare i relation till social identitet och olika sociala nätverksband. Den första frågeställningen som studien vill besvara är hur äldre upplever att vara hemtjänsttagare och den andra frågan är vilka sociala nätverksband som blir synliga och hur det påverkar hemtjänsttagarens känsla av ensamhet. Den slutliga frågan är hur hemtjänsttagarens känsla av ensamhet kan förstås genom social identitet. Studien har genomförts kvalitativt med fyra halvstrukturerade livsvärldsintervjuer. Studiens undersökningspersoner valdes utifrån kriterier såsom att de skulle bo själva och ha daglig hemtjänsthjälp. Ett andra kriterium var att de skulle kunna uttrycka sig muntligt. Utifrån studiens tre begrepp ensamhet, social identitet och sociala nätverksband görs en första analys av det empiriska materialet. I ett andra steg görs analys med hjälp av gerotranscendensens dimensioner och dess innebörder. Resultatet visar att de äldre uppskattar besöken de får av hemtjänstpersonalen samt att det påverkar deras upplevda känsla av ensamhet. Resultatet visar också på ett samband mellan ensamhet, social identitet och social nätverksband. Analysen av empirin utifrån gerotranscendensen visar på en positivt upplevd ensamhet och inte enbart negativ ensamhet. / The field of study is elderly home care recipient who live alone, where a study was made in how these recipients are influenced by the so-called perceived loneliness. The theoretical frameworks used in this study are social gerontology and gerotranscendence since the terminology used in the study occur in both theories, as well as we connect the theories to a social pedagogical perspective. The intention is to find a bridge between the mentioned theories. The aim of the study is to reveal and analyze loneliness as a social phenomenon for elderly recipient of home care in relation to social identity and various social ties. The first issue which the study tries to answer is how the elderly perceive to be home care recipient and a second issue is which social ties become visible and how does that affect the home care recipient´s feeling of loneliness. The final issue is how the home care recipient´s feeling of loneliness can be understood by social identity. The study has been done qualitatively with four semi-structured life-world interviews. The examined persons in the study were chosen by the criterion of that the persons should live alone and have daily home care. A second criterion was that they should be able to express themselves verbally. By the three terminologies of the study such as loneliness, social identity and social ties, an initial analysis is made of the empirical data. Furthermore, a second analysis is made with the gerotranscendence´s dimensions and its signification. The result shows that the elderly appreciate their visits by the home care staff and that it affects their perceived feeling of loneliness. The result also shows a relation between loneliness, social identity and social ties. The analysis of the empirical data by the gerotranscendence shows a positive perceived loneliness and not only negative loneliness.

The social aspects of older adults lives are strongly linked to well-being outcomes. Social relationships in older adulthood are rewarding, but also complex, and to maintain a positive social environment, older adults must reconcile long relationships histories, negotiate changing roles, and deal with increasing dependencies. Older adults are known to be particularly effective at regulating their social environments under these circumstances to maximize satisfaction, but some are more successful than others. Older adults manage their social environments through processes of relationship regulation, where individuals actively work towards social goals to customize their social environments and close relationships to meet developmental and emotional needs. Importantly, relationship regulation is embedded in older adults’ social environments, which are not only an outcome, but also the context that inspires, motivates, and hinders efforts to change the social environment. Within the proximal social environment older adults may experience support, hindrance, and satisfying contact with close social partners. Although supportive social environments are related to health and well-being in old age, and evidence suggests that older adults regulate their relationships, little is known about how these goals are worked towards and achieved on a daily basis and within the context of older adults' daily lives. The current study had two distinct aims: (a) to understand the intraindividual processes of regulating social goals within daily context of the social environment; and (b) to examine how interindividual differences predict between-person differences in social regulatory processes. Specifically, this study investigated the degree to which older adults depend on daily support and contact with a close social partner to make progress towards a meaningful social goal, and also the extent to which perceptions of social hindrance impede goal progress. On an interindividual level, this study examined how differences in the proximal social environment and goal orientation are linked to differences in social regulatory processes. Data from the Personal Understanding of Life and Social Experiences (PULSE) project, a 100-day, internet-based microlongitudinal study of 100 Oregon residents age 52 to 88 (M = 63.13, SD = 7.8), were used to explore processes of relationship regulation. At the beginning of the study, participants created a meaningful social goal, and mapped their social convoy. Participants then tracked their daily goal progress and feelings of social support, hindrance and satisfaction over a 100-day time period. Analysis was conducted using multilevel random coefficient models, and was structured to examine within person processes. Daily experiences of goal progress were positively related to social support and contact satisfaction, and negatively related with social hindrance. Importantly, these associations varied greatly between participants, in part as a function of convoy composition and goal orientations. The results from this study suggest that relationship regulation is (a) embedded in the social context of daily life; (b) differs based on the structure of the proximal social environment; (c) contingent on regulatory strategies selected by older adults to work towards their goals; and (d) differentiated by mean tendencies. The linkages between support, hindrance and contact satisfaction with daily goal progress found in this study suggest that the process of working towards a social goal is dependent on older adults' daily social contexts. This has implications for populations with varying access to social support and exposure to social hindrance. Further, individual differences in social regulatory processes were only partially explained by convoy structure and goal orientation. Future research is needed to search for the mechanisms that drive these between person differences in social regulatory processes. / Graduation date: 2012