The world energy needs increasing in a significant number and currently it is mainly sourced from the finite fossil fuel. Other than that, fossil fuel is the main source of CO2 emissions that leads to the increasing rate of global warming that will ultimately change the earth's climate. Thus, researcher began to look for alternative energy that is renewable and has the least impact to the world's climate; one example is wind energy. Sweden has experienced a significant increase in wind energy generation, where the wind production constantly grows in the double-digit rates since 2010. However, developing a wind energy requires a significant research and feasibility study in order to provide an economically sustainable operation. Wind farm needs to be located in areas with a good wind potential, however there are several technical and economic limitation on where the wind farm should be located. On top of that, social rejection might also hinder the development of wind energy. Audio-visual obstruction and disturbance to the natural state of the environment are the main arguments that were used to challenge the development of wind farm. Therefore, a multi-disciplinary study needs to be conducted in order to find the perfect balance; which is exactly what this study is all about. The result of this study shows that despite the threat of climate change, wind farm in Sweden could thrive due to the increasing wind speed across the country. It was also discovered that around 30% of the country is suitable, from the social, technical, and economic point of view, as a new location for wind farms. This study also reveals that most of the canceled / rejected wind farms were probably caused by the social rejection due to their proximity to population center or conservation areas. This study also discussed the concept of place attachment and identity that leads to the NIMBY attitude and reflects the concept of the social acceptance issue that happened in Sweden and on how to localize the wind farm concept to the local residence.

The increasing diversity of people in the cities due to global processes like immigration makes the cities multicultural. However, multicultural cities become prone to conflicts as the citizens of different cultural, religious, and ethnic backgrounds are put together in the city. Citizens are divided into neighborhoods where some neighborhoods become concentrated with low-income citizens, mostly with immigrant backgrounds. Planners have been working with the policies like social mix housing policy to mitigate segregation. However, with time the conflicts and tension remain visible among the citizens and neighborhoods. Research has been focusing on the larger metropolitan areas of Sweden, so this study focuses on medium-sized cities, Linköping, Motala and Norrköping, through analysis of planning documents and interviews with the planners to assess the impact of planning practice in mitigating segregation. The results show that planners ignore the ethnic differences between citizens in their planning practice and base their planning on avoiding conflicts. While in the process, ethnically diverse groups are excluded and, in some cases, stigmatized.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第24936号 / 情博第847号 / 新制||情||142(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科社会情報学専攻 / (主査)教授 大手 信人, 准教授 小山 里奈, 教授 三田村 啓理, 准教授 市川 光太郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

The feeling of insecurity about being in public spaces is a significant issue that restricts people ́s mobility and primarily prevents women from accessing all areas of the city. A well planned and carefully designed space can contribute to creating a sense of safety and security, which in turn promotes individuals' ability to move in public spaces. Planning for safe and secure environments is challenging because safety is a subjective feeling that varies. Planning for safe and secure environments requires consideration of different perspectives and experiences. The Station tunnel in Umeå is a project that is designed with a focus on safety and gender equality.  This study aims to describe how safety promoting and crime preventive aspects can be incorporated into spatial planning to enhance safety and reduce crime in public spaces. The study also examines how safety aspects are expressed in spatial planning at a municipal level. A case study was conducted at the Station tunnel in Umeå, and a qualitative content analysis was applied to Umeå municipality's comprehensive plan as well as the detailed development plan for the Station tunnel.  The study found that Umeå municipality actively strives to create safe and secure public spaces that are accessible to everyone, regardless of gender, age, or background. But there are not many specific ways to achieve what is outlined in their spatial planning. Principles that can be applied in the spatial design to contribute to safe and secure environments were found to be implemented at the Station tunnel.

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The thesis The Vacation House as a Planning Dilemma deals with how the processes that generate meaning in space proceed in parallel both in everyday life and in the planning realm. Multiple dwelling, or having two homes, can be seen as a dilemma—one in which the planning system’s attempts to conquer an unruly reality conflicts with the ways people live. The vacation house phenomenon is not a neutral concept, but rather influences and is influenced by a variety of contexts. This ambiguity is problematic for practitioners of spatial planning, a field that strives for unequivocal concepts. My interest is primarily directed at the relationship between the intentions in Swedish legislation and their practical application in planning. These legislative and planning spheres are also influenced by what actually happens in a physical space and by the conceptions we have of the life to be lived in it. The purpose of the thesis is to create the conditions for a discussion of how a planning dilemma like multiple dwelling can be understood based on how the various actors in a space create meaning and on the internal competition among them for the preferential right of interpretation over concepts. The thesis actualizes several scientific issues for us to address: How is the concept of multiple dwelling contextualized in material space? How does the housing market portray conceptions of vacation living? How do municipal planners view having two homes? How do environmental and urban planning laws view multiple dwelling? I use Henri Lefebvre’s three-part dialectic of spatial theory in this thesis as a tool for general classification, to analyze spatial processes over time, and to clarify the relationships between the different elements of a space and different actors’ actions in a space. The focus of my analysis of the field of planning is the various kinds of representations made by experts. My analysis of such constructions is conducted at the level of discourse. In order to understand how such spatial representations are constructed and how they compete with one another, I have taken a discourse analytical perspective inspired by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. The results of my thesis have shown that problem solutions lead to different planning constructions depending on the underlying conception of the vacation house, whether the vacation house is conceived as the Other Home or the secondary home. My analyses have shown that modernism’s striving for systematization and functional separation doesn’t work, at least as applied to housing. We must question the premise of functionally distinguishing between housing forms as a means to conserving natural resources. / fritidshus, planeringsdilemma, fysisk planering, lagstiftning, dubbel bosättning, miljöbalken, annonser, fastighetsmäklare, Lefebvre, Laclau, Mouffe

ABSTRACT Söderqvist, J. 2015. Jämställdhetsperspektivet i den fysiska planeringen. Serie Uppsatser: Kulturgeografiska institutionen, Uppsala universitet. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka hur kommuner arbetar med jämställdhetsperspektivet i den fysiska planeringen och även ta reda på vilka hinder som existerar för att implementera perspektivet i planeringen. I denna studie har fem kvalitativa intervjuer genomförts med fyra kommuner och en länsstyrelse. De kommuner som har medverkat är Nykvarns kommun, Stockholms kommun, Uppsala kommun och Älvkarleby kommun samt Stockholms länsstyrelse. En kvalitativ undersökning gjordes för att få en djupare bild och helhetsförståelse av hur kommunerna arbetar med den fysiska planeringen. Undersökningen baseras på planerarnas egna erfarenheter och reflektioner. De personer som har deltagit i undersökningen arbetar med fysisk planering på olika nivåer. I undersökningen kom det fram att ingen av kommunerna arbetar aktivt med jämställdhetsperspektivet, förutom Stockholms kommun som nu fått ett explicit uppdrag i deras nya budget för detta. Avsaknaden av jämställdhetsperspektivet i arbetet beror på olika faktorer som resurser och olika attityder i frågan. Det visade sig att det finns ett glapp mellan regeringens mål och utövande av jämställdhetsperspektivet i den fysiska planeringen. Jag vill även tacka min fantastiska handledare Cecilia Fåhraeus som har hjälpt mig med bra vägledning. / This paper seeks to investigate how municipalities work with a gender perspective in spatial planning, and how their municipal circumstances affect their work. In the course of this study, five qualitative interviews have been undertaken with four municipalities and one county. The municipalities that have participated are those of Nykvarn, Stockholm, Uppsala and Älvkarleby, and the county that has participated is that of Stockholm. A qualitative study has been carried out in order to gain a deep image and overall understanding of how the municipalities’ work with physical planning. The survey is based on the planners’ personal experiences and reflections. All individuals that have participated in the study work with spatial planning on different levels. The study’s conclusion is that non of the municipalities are working actively with the government’s gender perspective, with the exception of Stockholm which now has an explicit mandate in their new budget. The lack of genderperspective in their work is a result of various factors such as resources and different attitudes towards the issue. As it turned out, there seems to be a gap between the government’s objectives and the pursuit of gender mainstreaming in physical planning.

L’industrie française a connu un ralentissement de sa productivité depuis la fin des années 1980 jusqu’à nos jours. Cette situation s’est accentuée avec la montée en puissance de l’Allemagne et l’émergence de pays comme la Chine, l’Inde et le Brésil. Dés lors, la France se devait de réagir car étant soumise à la loi du marché qui est basée sur la compétitivité des produits destinés à l’exportation. C’est dans ce contexte que l’État va s’atteler à la relance de l’économie en créant les pôles de compétitivité en juillet 2005. C’est donc pour étudier cette dynamique de développement que j’ai décidé d’effectuer une thèse de doctorat sur l’enjeu des pôles de compétitivité en Île-de France en s’appuyant sur l’exemple de Systematic-Paris-Région, Cap Digital Paris-Région et Advancity Ville et Mobilité Durables. / Since the 1980’s end in until now, the French industry has known a slowing down of its productivity. The situation became speed with the economic power of Germany and the emergence of countries such as China, India and Basil. Therefore, France had to react because being submitted to the law of the market place which is based on the competitiveness of products intended for export. It is in this context that the State is so going to get down in the economic stimulus plan by creating in July 2005 the poles of competitiveness. It is thus to study this development process that I decided to do doctoral thesis on the stake of the poles of competitiveness in Ile-de-France basing me on the example of Systématic-Paris-Région, Cap Digital Paris-Région and Advancity Ville and Sustainable Mobility.

This graduation theses deals with the system of spatial planning in the Republic of Ireland. Its aim is to determine the main advantages and disadvantages of the Dublin approach to planning. The first part deals with the socio-economic characteristics of Ireland, which creates the necessary background for subsequent analysis of the Irish system of spatial planning. The analysis includes a legislative framework, an institutional system or practical aspects of the planning documents. At the end the positive and negative aspects are spoken.

Since 2009, Swedish municipalities have the possibility of limiting the coastal protection in rural areas with the LIS-tool in order to promote countryside development there. In 2013, Ronneby Kommun pointed out 28 such areas. The goal of this thesis is to describe the development in the coastal areas in Ronneby Kommun between 1960 and 2018, with a special focus on the recent development in the designated LIS areas since 2013. A proposal for the future application of the LIS-tool in the municipality is an additional goal. For the analysis of the LIS-tool as such, the author conducted two expert interviews and compared the results with the quantitative GIS-based analysis, using orthophotos, of the building activity along the shores in Ronneby Kommun. The data shows very low building activity within the LIS areas and a generally low building activity in the municipality recently. For the further application of the LIS-tool in its present form in Ronneby Kommun, the author proposes to either combine it with other measures to increase the attractivity of the existing LIS areas such as infrastructure improvements, or to wait some more time until the pressure on the housing market increases and thereby the general building activity. The municipality can then evaluate the individual areas independently of each other and adjust them to meet the demand on the housing market. In addition, the author and the experts suggest changing the LIS-tool in order to make it more forceful, independent and regional specific. In general, the results of this thesis are regional specific on Ronneby Kommun and, therefore, this thesis can be a comparison base for other research but does not generalize.