Cette thèse étudie l’impact des institutions, notamment les institutions financières, sur le commerce et les investissements internationaux. Les quatre premiers chapitres étudient les institutions financières et leur impact sur le commerce et la spécialisation internationale. Précisément, le premier chapitre étudie ces institutions et les déterminants de leur niveau de développement. Le deuxième chapitre analyse la façon dont la finance intervient sur le commerce bilatéral. Le troisième chapitre construit un modèle théorique qui vise à expliquer l’impact de la finance sur le commerce sectoriel en fonction du degré d’intensité financière de chaque secteur. Le quatrième chapitre analyse l’impact hétérogène de la finance sur les différents secteurs manufacturiers. Le dernier chapitre de la thèse utilise le terme “institution” dans un sens plus large et étudie théoriquement et empiriquement si les similitudes et différences dans les environnements institutionnels à travers les pays explique la distribution internationale des investissements directs étrangers (IDE). / This thesis examines the impact of institutions, especially the financial institutions, on international trade and foreign direct investments. The first four chapters study the financial institutions and their impact on trade and international specialization. Specifically, the first chapter examines these financial institutions and the determinants of their level of development. The second chapter examines how finance impacts bilateral trade. The third chapter builds a theoretical model and aims to explain the impact of finance on the sectoral trade as a function of the degree of financial intensity of each sector. The fourth chapter analyzes the heterogeneous impact of finance on the different manufacturing sectors. The last chapter of the thesis uses the term "institution" in a broader sense and studies theoretically and empirically whether the similarities and differences in institutional environments across countries explain the international patterns of foreign direct investment (FDI).

Á travers une approche historico-épistémologique et une analyse de la réalité des pratiques, ce travail s'intéresse à la dimension temporelle de la spécialisation professionnelle. Il s'agit de deux démarches de recherche sur la spécialisation en conception archi-urbaine à long-terme et à court-terme. Dans un premier temps et en faisant un aller-retour entre l'urban design étatsunien et le projet urbain à la française, nous nous interrogeons sur les origines de l'émergence et de l'évolution des groupes de concepteurs spécialisés dans la conception du projet de morceau de ville. Dans un second temps, nous étudions quatre opérations urbaines réalisées en France depuis l'introduction du concept de projet urbain. L'objectif est de comprendre l'impact la multidisciplinarité sur la place et le rôle des architectes-urbanistes dans le projet. Les deux démarches se complètent. Elles montrent que les marges de manœuvre d'un concepteur au sein des processus de conception ne dépendent pas seulement de son identité professionnelle mais aussi du moment et de la durée de son intervention dans ces processus. Or ce moment et cette durée peuvent être contrôlables, en partie, à travers la gestion du projet et de sa temporalité. Ainsi, la naissance de nouvelles spécialités – en tant que concrétisations de la spécialisation temporaire – ne s'explique pas seulement par la nature et le contexte de la commande architecturale et urbaine mais aussi par les stratégies mises en place pour répondre à cette commande / Through a historical-epistemological approach and an analysis of actual practices, this work focuses on the temporal dimension of professional specialization. There are two approaches to research long-term and short-term archi-urban design specialization. As a first step and making a round trip between American urban design and French urban project, we wonder about the origins of the emergence and evolution of groups of designers specialized in city-parts design. In a second step, we study four urban operations engaged in France since the introduction of the concept of urban project. The objective is to understand the impact of the multidisciplinary on the place and role of architects-urbanites in the project. The two approaches are complementary. They show that the leeway of a designer in the design process does not depend only on his professional identity but also on the time and duration of his involvement in these processes. This time and this duration can be controlled, in part, through the management of the project and its temporality. Thus, the birth of new specialties - as embodiments of the temporary specialization - not only due to the nature and context of the architectural and urban command, but also by the strategies put in place to respond to this command

Bien que la créativité soit au cœur du processus d’innovation, peu d’attention a été accordée à la dimension individuelle dans l’analyse de l’activité d’innovation. L’objet de cette thèse est d’étudier le rôle des inventeurs individuels, particulièrement des inventeurs prolifiques, dans la construction des capacités dynamiques des firmes et dans la direction de spécialisation technologique des pays. L’analyse empirique qui sous tend ce travail fait référence aux systèmes d’innovation français et britannique et aux caractéristiques des inventeurs prolifiques de ces deux pays. Nous procédons en premier lieu à une étude statistique des principales caractéristiques des inventeurs français et britanniques. Celle-ci révèle une forte hétérogénéité des inventeurs qui ne se réduit pas à leur productivité en termes de brevets seulement mais se généralise à leur mobilité inter-firmes et à la densité de leur réseau de collaboration. Concernant les sources de cette hétérogénéité, du moins dans sa dimension relative à la production de brevets, notre travail, tout en confirmant les principaux résultats de la littérature sur les déterminants de la productivité des inventeurs, montre de plus que la diversification technologique et la cohérence de la base de connaissances des inventeurs sont parmi les facteurs qui expliquent la différence de productivité des inventeurs tant français que britanniques. Après avoir mis en évidence l’hétérogénéité de la dimension individuelle de l’activité d’innovation, nous étudions la relation entre cette dimension individuelle et le niveau firme et le niveau pays. Notre travail met en évidence, à cet égard, une influence significative de la présence d’inventeurs prolifiques sur la direction de spécialisation technologique des deux pays appréhendée à travers leurs avantages technologiques révélés sectoriels. Par ailleurs, les données de brevets tant de la France que de la Grande Bretagne font apparaitre une relation significative entre le degré de prolificité des inventeurs dans le champ technologique dominant d’une firme et la formation par cette dernière de capacités dynamiques lui permettant de faire face aux évolutions de son environnement technologique. Finalement, en établissant l’hétérogénéité des inventeurs individuels d’une part, et d’autre part, en mettant en évidence une articulation entre la dimension individuelle et les niveaux firmes et pays dans le processus d’innovation, notre travail fournit les éléments d’une représentation qui considère la dimension individuelle comme une composante constitutive des systèmes nationaux d’innovation. / Although creativity is at the heart of the innovation process, little attention has been paid to the individual dimension in the analysis of innovation activity. The purpose of this thesis is to study the role of individual inventors, particularly prolific inventors in building dynamic capabilities of firms and in the direction of technological specialization of countries. The empirical analysis that underlies this work refers to the French and British systems of innovation and to the characteristics of prolific inventors of these two countries. We perform, first, a statistical study of the main characteristics of French and British inventors. The study shows a strong heterogeneity of inventors. This heterogeneity cannot be reduced to their productivity in terms of patents but can be generalized to the inter-firm mobility of inventors and to the density of their collaboration network. Regarding the sources of this heterogeneity, in its dimension relative to the production of patents, our work, while confirming the main findings of the literature on the determinants of the productivity of inventors, shows that technological diversification and coherence of the knowledge base of inventors are also among the factors that explain the difference in the productivity of both French and British inventors. Having highlighted the heterogeneity of the individual dimension of innovation activity, we study the dependence between the individual dimension and the firm and country level of the innovation process. Our work demonstrates, in this regard, a significant effect of the presence of prolific inventors on the direction of technological specialization of both countries in terms of their sectorial revealed technological advantages. Furthermore, patent data of France and the UK reveal a strong relationship between the degree of prolificness in the dominant technological field of firms and their dynamic capabilities.Finally, by establishing the heterogeneity of individual inventors on the one hand and by highlighting a link between the individual dimension and firms and country levels in the innovative process on the other hand, our work provides some elements of a representation which considers individual dimension as a constitutive component of national innovation systems.

Durant les deux dernières décennies, on assiste à l'émergence de Luxemburg comme pôle économique débordant les frontières luxembourgeoise. Cette dynamique se traduit par une croissance migratoire et démographique soutenue entrainant une pression sur le marché résidentiel. On sait à travers la littérature sur la métropolisation qu'elle s'accompagne souvent d'inégalités socio-spatiales mais on en sait encore très peu sur comment ce phénomène se décline dans les espaces transfrontaliers. L’objectif de cette thèse est, dès lors, de comprendre quelles sont les conséquences des marchés fonciers dans l’espace transfrontalier Luxembourg sur la production de l’espace résidentiel ? Le contexte transfrontalier nous incite à aller plus loin pour voir comment les frontières interviennent dans cette production de l’espace. Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons mené une enquête qualitative auprès de 159 ménages qui a été complétée par une analyse quantitative des flux et des choix de localisation de divers groupes socioprofessionnels en utilisant des modèles de choix discrets. Nos analyses montrent un espace résidentiel luxembourgeois socialement étiqueté avec des lignes de fractures sociales qui s'étendent au-delà des frontières, conséquence du développement économique luxembourgeois et de l'augmentation des prix du foncier. Les prix élevés de l'immobilier constituent une barrière à l'intégration de beaucoup de travailleurs dans le marché résidentiel luxembourgeois. La frontière, par les différentiels qu'elle permet, contribue ainsi à une plus grande spécialisation des territoires et à l'élargissement de l'espace de la métropolisation. Cet élargissement est toutefois limité par les avantages comparatifs qu'offre le Luxembourg à ses résidants. Enfin, malgré l'intégration européenne et un rôle moins prégnant de la frontière en tant que barrière, le processus de métropolisation dans le cas de Luxembourg renforce plutôt le rôle de la frontière en tant qu'instrument de différenciation socio-spatiale. / During the past two decades, Luxembourg has emerged as a small, yet highly specialized metropolis with an expanding cross-border functional area. The economic growth has resulted in increasing migration to Luxembourg and a growing pressure on the housing market. According to the literature, the urban processes in metropolitan regions tend to go hand in hand with socio-spatial inequalities. Previous research has, however, paid less attention to cross-border cities. This observation gives rise to the following question: How does the Luxembourg real estate market contend with its unique cross-border context and what are the socioeconomic effects on the residential space? First, we investigate the comparative advantages of urban land regulations and housing price differentials between the four countries. Second, we conduct a survey on the residential choices on each side of the border. Finally, we analyse cross-border residential mobility of workers using discrete choice models and Luxembourg administrative data. Our analysis shows growing socio-spatial inequalities as a result of the economic development of Luxembourg and the related increase in housing prices. The high housing prices function as a barrier for many to live in Luxembourg. This contributes to a more socially polarized space and an extension of the functional area of Luxembourg beyond the border. However, this extension is somewhat limited and influenced by other residential advantages of living in Luxembourg. Finally, even though the EU integration signifies a declining impact of the border as a barrier, the metropolitanization process in this case reinforces the effect of the border as instrument of socio-spatial differentiation.

Bien que l’utilisation précoce de gestes communicatifs par de jeunes enfants soit reconnue comme étant étroitement liée au développement du langage (e.g., Colonnesi et al., 2010), la nature des liens gestes–langage doit encore être clarifiée. Cette thèse a pour but d’étudier la production de gestes de pointage au cours du développement afin de déterminer si la relation prédictive et facilitatrice entre les gestes et l’acquisition du langage implique des fonctions spécifiques du pointage, en association avec des caractéristiques spécifiques en terme de forme de mains, regard et vocalisations. De plus, une attention particulière a été apportée à l’étude des préférences manuelles dans le but de mieux comprendre le développement de la spécialisation hémisphérique gauche pour les comportements communicatifs. Nos résultats ont révélé des relations complexes entre le langage, les gestes communicatifs et les activités de manipulation, qui dépendent de la fonction des gestes (i.e., pointage impératif versus déclaratif) et des étapes spécifiques de l’acquisition du langage. Les gestes déclaratifs sont plus étroitement associés au développement de la parole que les gestes impératifs, au-moins avant la période d’explosion lexicale. De plus, la comparaison des patterns de préférence manuelle chez l’enfant et l’adulte a montré une plus grande proximité pour les gestes que pour la manipulation d’objet. L’asymétrie manuelle droite pour les gestes communicatifs est ainsi établie à des stades précoces, ce qui suggère un rôle primordial des gestes dans la spécialisation hémisphérique.Finalement, nos résultats ont mis en évidence l’existence d’un système de communication dans l’hémisphère cérébral gauche contrôlant à la fois la communication gestuelle et verbale, qui pourrait avoir une origine phylogénétique ancienne (e.g., Corballis, 2010). Par conséquent, le présent travail peut améliorer notre compréhension des origines du langage, y compris des mécanismes de la spécialisation cérébrale pour les comportements communicatifs. / Even though children’s early use of communicative gestures is recognized as being closely related to language development (e.g., Colonnesi et al., 2010), the nature of speech–gestures links still needs to be clarified. This dissertation aims to investigate the production of pointing gestures during development to determine whether the predictive and facilitative relationship between gestures and language acquisition involves specific functions of pointing, in association with specific features in terms of hand shape, gaze and accompanying vocalizations. Moreover, special attention was paid to the study of hand preferences in order to better understand the development of left hemisphere specialization for communicative behaviors. Our results revealed complex relationships between language, communicative gestures and manipulative activities depending on the function of gestures (i.e., imperative versus declarative pointing) as well as on specific stages of language acquisition. Declarative gestures were found to be more closely associated with speech development than imperative gestures, at least before the lexical spurt period. In addition, the comparison of hand-preference patterns in adults and infants showed stronger similarity for gestures than for object manipulation. The right-sided asymmetry for communicative gestures is thus established in early stages, which suggests a primary role of gestures in hemispheric specialization.Finally, our findings have highlighted the existence of a left-lateralized communication system controlling both gestural and vocal communication, which has been suggested to have a deep phylogenetic origin (e.g., Corballis, 2010). Therefore, the present work may improve current understanding of the evolutionary roots of language, including the mechanisms of cerebral specialization for communicative behaviors.

Seleção natural divergente é a principal força que leva a diferenciação entre espécies. Nas Angiospermas, a preferencia do polinizador é considerada um dos agentes de seleção na diversificação de caracteres florais. Além disso, eles podem contribuir na delimitação de linhagens e diversificação de linhagens devido a possibilidade de reduzir fluxo gênico entre os fenótipos em simpatria, contribuindo para o isolamento reprodutivo. Nesse trabalho, nós avaliamos a interação entre padrões de variação geográfica floral e processos ecológicos associados aos polinizadores de Sinningia allagophylla. Nós amostramos traços florais e frequência de polinizadores ao longo da distribuição geográfica dessa espécie. Germinação de grãos de pólen e desenvolvimento da semente também foram amostradas para determinar a ocorrência de mecanismos de isolamento reprodutivos adicionais em ação. Nós mostramos que atributos florais de S. allagophylla apresentam um claro padrão de diferenciação geográfica. É possível classificar indivíduos dentro de três tipos florais, estando estes relacionados as vertentes de distribuição sul, noroeste e sudeste da espécie. Tipos florais intermediários ocorrem entre as regiões sudeste e o sul. Diversos grupos de polinizadores estão associados com o padrão geográficos dos atributos florais. Beija-flores estão presentes ao longo de toda a distribuição geográfica e visita tipos florais independentemente de seus atributos, mas abelhas são mais comuns nos extremos da distribuição e apresentam fidelidade a um dado tipo floral. Sobre condições de simpatria, pode haver fluxo gênico entre fenótipos distintos devido as visitas de beija-flores. No entanto, visitas seletivas de abelhas a um dos tipos florais e germinação do pólen e o desenvolvimento da semente reduzidos em indivíduos com traços florais intermediários resultam na ausência de coesão e perda dos fenótipos originais. Em conclusão, consideramos que mecanismos ecológicos associados em parte a interação planta-polinizador possam contribuir para a diferenciação das linhagens em Sinningia allagophylla. Tal informação adiciona a possibilidade de que mecanismos outros que os reconhecidamente vigentes possam contribuir para a especiação deste clado. / Divergent natural selection is a leading force of species differentiation. In flowering plants, pollinator\'s preference is considered to work as selective agent and can contribute to the diversification of floral traits. Because of pollinator role preventing gene flow under sympatric condition, they can also work as a component of reproductive isolation. Here we establish a link between geographic pattern and ecological process of differentiation in floral morphology and pollinator fidelity in Sinningia allagophylla. We sampled floral traits and pollinator frequency across the species geographic ranges. Germination of pollen grains and seed development were also sampled to determine the occurrence of additional reproductive isolation mechanisms in action. We show that floral traits of S. allagophylla present a clear pattern of geographic differentiation. It is possible to sort individuals within three floral types related to the south, southeast and northwest species range. Intermediate floral types occur between south-southeast distribution ranges. Diverse group of pollinators are associated with geographic pattern of floral traits. Hummingbirds are present across the entire geographic range and visit floral types independent of its traits, but bees are more frequent in the boundaries of distribution and show fidelity to one or other phenotype. Under sympatric condition, gene flow occurs between individuals with different floral traits due to hummingbird visits. However, bee preference of phenotypes, reduced pollen germination and seed development of individuals in the contact zones contributed to the maintenance of distinct phenotypes. In conclusion, we considered that ecological mechanisms associated with the plant-pollinator interaction are contributing partially to the differentiation of lineages in Sinningia allagophylla. This information sheds new light to the actual comprehension of speciation within this clade.

A pesquisa foi estruturada de forma a responder a questão Quais os resultados afetivos obtidos das tensões, conflitos e contradições vivenciadas por estudantes-executivos quando incorporam atividades educacionais corporativas online em suas rotinas?. Com o objetivo de buscar a solução a questão estabelecida foi estudada em profundidade uma turma de Programa de Especialização em Controladoria e Finanças, com atividades predominantemente online. O arcabouço de análise utilizou-se da Teoria da Atividade com o fito de compreender, descrever e analisar os resultados afetivos decorrentes da inserção daquela atividade educacional, identificando as percepções sobre seus impactos nas demais atividades de diferentes esferas das vidas dos sujeitos de aprendizagem. O trabalho justificase por ser a área de educação corporativa online um fenômeno ainda recente e que requer muita investigação pelo seu caráter incipiente e por seu impacto social. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem marcadamente qualitativa, mergulhando em profundidade nos diferentes aspectos envolvidos na análise do fenômeno. Apoiou-se na estruturação de um estudo de caso, fundamentado em uma pesquisa-participante e utilizando-se de diferentes instrumentos de coleta de dados que, em conjunto, permitiram o cruzamento de evidências. As conclusões apontam para a dificuldade dos sujeitos de pesquisa em verbalizar os resultados afetivos decorrentes das atividades. No entanto, com o cruzamento das diferentes fontes de evidência e como fruto da reflexão que considera o contexto em que se realiza a atividade, emergiram do quadro de análise resultados afetivos que relatam, entre outros e de forma não exaustiva, o aumento no nível de segurança no desempenho profissional, a constituição de uma disciplina para estudo (auto-disciplina), a descoberta de um prazer para/com a área de concentração do curso, que redundam em sentimentos de valorização, realização e confiança. Por outro lado, sentimentos como medo, culpa e isolamento, não explicitamente relatados, emergiram da reflexão e do cruzamento dos relatos, decorrentes dos sacrifícios próprios (lazer, cuidados pessoais, hobbies), da família (tempo com filhos, cobrança do cônjuge, auto-cobrança) e com os outros (amigos e comunidade). Finalmente, pode-se concluir que o sentimento que prepondera no grupo em relação a atividade educacional é de que os ganhos superaram as perdas e que os resultados cognitivos e afetivos alcançados passam a fortalecer cada indivíduo permitindo uma maior realização pessoal e um maior grau de desenvolvimento profissional. / The study was designed in a way to answer the question: Which affective outcomes emerge from tensions, conflicts, and contradictions experienced by executive-learners when incorporate online corporate educational activities in their routines? Aiming at solving the research question, I developed an in-depth analysis of a cohort from the specialization program (mostly online) in Controllership and Finance offered by FIPECAFI (educational institution) to CNO (organization). The analysis was supported by the Activity Theory with the goal of comprehending, describing and analyzing affective outcomes based on that particular educational activity, identifying perceptions about its impacts on other activities, in distinct dimensions of the learners lives. The main purpose of the research is related to the fact that online corporate education is still a recent phenomenon demanding intense investigation due to its incipient characteristics and social impact. The study is designed based on a qualitative framework, addressing in detail several aspects related to the phenomenon. It is supported by a case study, based on a participative-research and using distinct data collection instruments that, together, afforded triangulation of evidences. The main conclusion indicates that subjects tend to find difficult to verbally express the affective outcomes emerging from the studied activity. However, after data triangulation and critical reflection about the context where the activity takes place, a set of affective outcomes was discovered, and they help unveil, among others and not exhaustively, the increase in the safety level of professional performance, development of self-study discipline, recognition of pleasure related to the programs field, which result in feelings of value, appreciation, achievement and confidence. On the other hand, feelings such as fear, guilty, and isolation, not explicitly reported, came up from the critical reflection and data triangulation, based on personal sacrifices (leisure, personal care, hobbies), family time (children, spouse demand, self-demand) and devotion to others (friends and community). Finally, the main conclusion based on evidence from the majority of the subjects in this case study (and related to the educational activity) is that benefits outnumbered sacrifices and both cognitive and affective outcomes, combined, tend to make each individual stronger, fostering personal achievement and boosting professional development.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 David Eduardo Silva Rodrigues.pdf: 455703 bytes, checksum: f22454da0608a8f7a8e3b01a03feb408 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-08 / The objective of this paper is to asses the evolution of the Brazilian foreign trade specialization pattern in 1990-2006 period. Methods selected to achieve this objective included bibliographic survey and application of two product aggregation methodologies adopted by UNCTAD and the World Bank to analyze the international trade flows. Their results suggest that: i) Brazilian exports, in spite of the increased participation of technologically more complex products, remained heavily focused on primary commodities and traditional goods; ii) there was evidence of a technological asymmetry increase between exports and imports in the 1990s, where exports were characterized by a high participation of primary commodities, and imports were characterized by the predominance of more technologically complex products; iii) in spite of that increased technological asymmetry, it was not possible to conclude that a regressive specialization occurred in Brazilian foreign trade, as technologyintensive goods increased their participation in exports; iv) there was no reprimarization process in exports in the 1990s; v) the increased participation of technology-intensive products and trade surpluses of medium-intensity technology goods contradict the arguments of signs of Dutch disease in Brazilian economy during the export boom period; vi) when compared to international standards, Brazilian exports have a high percentage of more technologically complex products; vii) there was evidence of increased technological contents in exports, but there were no consistent signs of convergence of Brazilian foreign trade specialization pattern towards the patterns of more advanced economies. In short, it is noted that, notwithstanding the increased participation of technology-intensive products in exports and the lack of evidence of retrogression in foreign trade profile, the Brazilian specialization pattern, as compared to international standards, remained characterized by a high percentage of external sales of traditional goods and high participation of more technologically complex imported products / O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a evolução do padrão de especialização do comércio externo brasileiro entre 1990 e 2006. Os métodos escolhidos para atingir esse objetivo foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e a aplicação de duas metodologias de agregação de produtos utilizadas pela UNCTAD e pelo Banco Mundial para analisar os fluxos de comércio internacional. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que: i) a pauta de exportação brasileira, apesar do crescimento da participação de produtos tecnologicamente mais complexos, seguiu fortemente concentrada em commodities primárias e bens tradicionais; ii) foi constatado um aumento da assimetria tecnológica entre as pautas de exportação e importação na década de 1990, sendo a primeira caracterizada por uma elevada participação de commodities primárias, e a segunda, pelo predomínio de produtos tecnologicamente mais complexos; iii) a despeito desse aumento da assimetria tecnológica, não foi possível concluir que tenha havido uma especialização regressiva no comércio externo brasileiro já que os bens intensivos em tecnologia ganharam participação na pauta de exportação; iv) não houve processo de reprimarização da pauta exportadora na década de 1990; v) o incremento da participação de produtos intensivos em tecnologia e os superávits comerciais nos bens de média intensidade tecnológica vão na direção contrária aos argumentos em relação à presença de indícios de doença holandesa na economia brasileira no período de boom exportador; vi) quando comparada aos padrões internacionais, a pauta de importação brasileira possui um elevado percentual de bens tecnologicamente mais complexos; vii) verificou-se o aumento do conteúdo tecnológico na pauta de exportações, mas não houve sinais consistentes de convergência do padrão de especialização do comércio externo brasileiro rumo aos padrões de economias mais avançadas. Em síntese, percebe-se que, a despeito do ganho de participação de produtos intensivos em tecnologia na pauta de exportação, e apesar de não ter sido verificada a ocorrência de retrocessos no perfil do comércio externo, o padrão de especialização brasileiro, quando comparado com os padrões internacionais, manteve-se caracterizado por uma elevada proporção de vendas externas de bens tradicionais e por alta participação de produtos importados tecnologicamente mais complexos

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de contribuir para a produção de conhecimentos que visem a constituição, consolidação e promoção de processos educacionais voltados à potencializar os sujeitos para uma ação comprometida com a sustentabilidade socioambiental. Assim, utilizando elementos da pesquisa qualitativa e procedimentos do estudo de caso, buscou-se identificar, no Curso de Especialização em Educação para Sociedades Sustentáveis, desenvolvido pela Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, campus de Jequié, os elementos que poderiam estimular mudanças de atitude e valores no sentido da transformação social, refletindo no incremento da potência dos sujeitos envolvidos. A pesquisa apresenta aspectos que devem ser contemplados em um programa de Educação Ambiental. Processos pautados na autonomia dos educandos, no diálogo entre os envolvidos e na prática reflexiva, podem contribuir para a formação de educadores críticos, competentes tecnicamente e comprometidos ética e politicamente com as questões ambientais. / This study was carried out aiming contributing for the production of knowledge viewing constitution, consolidation, and promotion of educational processes related to powering the subjects for an action committed with the social and environmental sustainability. Thus, in the Specialization Course on Education for Sustainable Societies developed by State University of Southeast Bahia, campus Jequié, and by using the elements of a qualitative research and proceedings of this study case, the identification of elements that could promote changes of values and attitudes toward the social transformation through increasing the power of the subjects involved. The research shows points that must be presented in Environmental Education programs. Processes based on the autonomy of the students, on the dialog between the involved ones and the reflexive practice can contribute for the formation of critical, technically competent, and committed educators ethically and politically active toward the social-environmental matters.

Outros cinemas é uma pesquisa teórico-prática que discorre sobre o deslocamento do dispositivo cinema para os espaços da arte. São tomadas como ponto de partida as práticas pré-cinematográficas, seguidas das práticas com o dispositivo cinema desenvolvidas nos anos 1960 e 1970, no âmbito artístico internacional e nacional. Por fim, trabalhos produzidos por mim e em parceria com o grupo Poéticas Digitais apontam para reflexões acerca do contexto contemporâneo. Sem isolar a problemática brasileira em relação ao conjunto da produção mundial, este trabalho se propõe o desafio de pensar os contextos internacional e nacional da presença do dispositivo cinema como estratégia artística para a espacialização e desmaterialização e a abertura para a participação do público na passagem dos anos 1960 para os anos 1970, além de apontar para um modo de entendimento do contexto contemporâneo por meio de projetos pessoais. Esta pesquisa busca, por meio dos artistas Anthony McCall, Paul Sharits, Stan VanDerBeek e Hélio Oiticica, explorar suas reflexões particulares e confirmar a presença definitiva dos artistas contemporâneos no debate crítico. Por esse viés, o dispositivo cinema é contextualizado em três viradas históricas: na transição para o modernismo, no pós-modernismo e na contemporaneidade. Essas passagens pontuam rupturas e atualizações do dispositivo, ao mesmo tempo que revelam as circunstâncias do deslocamento das salas escuras para o cubo branco. / Other cinemas is a theoretical and practical study addressing the displacement of the of the cinematic apparatus in contemporary art. Precinematic strategies are taken as a starting point, followed by the practices of the cinematic apparatus developed in the 1960s and 1970s, at international and national levels. In conclusion, works developed by me and in partnership with the group Digital Poetics lead to reflections on the contemporary context. Encompassing the Brazilian problematic in relation to the body of international production, this research attempts to undertake the challenge of reflecting about the presence of the cinematic apparatus in both international and national contexts as artistic strategy of spatialization, dematerialization and topening for public participation in the passage of the 1960s to the 1970s, furthermore it indicates to one way of understanding contemporary context through personal projects. This research explores the works of Anthony McCall, Paul Sharits, Stan VanDerBeek and Hélio Oiticica, and these artists\' personal reflections, as it confirms the definitive presence of contemporary artists in the critical debate. From this angle, the cinematic apparatus is contextualized in three historical turns: the transition to modernism, to postmodernism and to contemporaneity. These passages punctuate ruptures and updates of the cinematic apparatus at the same time it reveals the circumstances of its displacement from dark rooms to the white cube.