Diss. Univ. Zürich. - Ref.: Heinz Rey. / En librairie dans la collection: "Zürcher Studien zum Privatrecht ; 211" Bibliogr.

Frågeställningar Varför sponsrar företag damlag? Vilka kopplingar finns mellan företagens sponsringsstrategier och deras CSR- arbete? Syfte Studien ska undersöka varför företagen sponsrar damlag och om det finns någon koppling mellan företagens sponsringsstrategier och deras CSR-arbete. Metod Denna studie har en kvalitativ utgångspunkt, där vi har använt oss av semi-strukturerade intervjuer, vilket innebär att man ställer frågor till respondenter, men det handlar minst lika mycket om att omsorgsfullt lyssna på svaren som respondenten ger. Slutsats Den viktigaste slutsatsen som kan dras av vår studie är den att företagens motiv att sponsra damidrott inte grundas i exponering för ökad lönsamhet utan även för det kan påvisa företagens CSR-mål. Föreningarna märker av företagens ökade intresse för CSR och skapar sponsringsprodukter som gynnar dem och företagen. Dessa samarbetsprodukter baseras oftast på att damerna är ute och engagerar barn och ungdomar i en aktiv fritid. Vilket visar på att företag idag åtsidosätter sponsringens främsta mål att öka företagens lönsamhet med att istället visa företagets hållbarhetsmåls arbeten. Det finns risker för företagen när de väljer att sponsra utifrån känslor och värderingar istället för bästa ekonomiska kalkyl. Detta för damlag har färre åskådare och mindre medialt intresse vid sina matcher. / Issues Why do companies sponsor women's sport teams? What links are there between corporate sponsorship strategies and their CSR work? Purpose The study will investigate why companies sponsor womens sportteams and whether there is any link between corporate sponsorship strategies and their CSR work. Method The study has a qualitative method where we have used semi-structured interviews. Which means asking questions to respondents, but also carefully listen to the answers given by the respondent. Conclusion The main conclusion that can be drawn from our study is that corporate motivation to sponsor women's sports is not only based on exposure to increased profitability, but also because it can demonstrate corporate CSR goals. The ladies associations notice the companies' increased interest in CSR and create sponsorship products that benefit them and businesses. These co-operation products are usually based on the fact that the ladies are out and engage children and young people in active leisure. Which shows that companies today endorse the sponsorship's primary goal to increase companies' profitability by instead viewing the company's sustainability goals. There are risks to companies when they choose to sponsor based on feelings and values instead of the best financial calculations, since the ladies team has fewer spectators and less medial interest at their matches.

Floorball is one of the most fastest develop sport not just in our republic, but in the whole world. The membership base has grown to more than four tens of thousands of registered floorball players. Thanks to this we had the opportunity in our country hold The World floorball championship 2008. The main goal of my thesis it to evaluate the attractiveness of sport to the public as well as possible partners in the sharing is at the top floorball action. Final results and conclusions will be able to use organizers of the final analysis the success of the championship in terms of reaching the public and floorball shift between the most sports in our country.

Med anledning av bristande forskning om sponsorrelationers utveckling, är studiens syfte att öka förståelsen för vilka relationskomponenter som är avgörande för sponsorrelationens olika livscykelfaser. Studien syftar specifikt till att undersöka evenemangssponsring. För att uppnå studiens syfte genomfördes två fallstudier om en pågående sponsorrelation mellan Arla och Tjejmilen, samt en avslutad sponsorrelation mellan Arla och Vasaloppet. En representant från respektive organisation intervjuades. Materialet analyserades utifrån det teoretiska ramverket, vilket utgjordes av en livscykelmodell. Formationsfasens avgörande komponent var relationsspecifika investeringar, den möjliggjorde utveckling av tillit. Operationaliseringsfasen karaktäriserades av kunskapsdelning samt kompletterande resurser, eftersom parterna upprätthöll sina ansträngningar utvecklades relationerna till resultatfasen. De hängivna kontaktpersonerna var en viktig faktor för funktionen av samtliga relationskomponenter och att sponsorrelationen kunde utvecklas. Till skillnad från tidigare forskning tyder resultaten på att sponsorrelationens parter var övertygade om att resurserna och kunskaperna var kompatibla redan innan formationsfasen hade inletts. Därmed identifierades en begynnelsefas som inträffar innan sponsorrelationens formationsfas. / Owing to insufficient research on the development of sponsorship, the purpose of the study is to increase the understanding of which relational components are crucial in the different life cycle stages of sponsorship relationships. The study investigates event sponsorship. Two case studies were conducted: an ongoing sponsorship relationship between Arla and Tjejmilen and a finished between Arla and Vasaloppet. Interviews were held with the representatives. The analysis was based on a life cycle model. Specific relational investments were crucial in the formation stage. The operationalization stage was characterized by knowledge-sharing and complementary resources. As parties sustained their efforts, relations developed into the outcome stage. The devoted contact persons were important for the function of all relationship components. The parties of the sponsorship relationship were convinced that their resources and knowledges were compatible before the formation stage. Thus, an initial stage was identified, which occurs before the formation stage.

Sponsorships related to sports is a type of marketing that’s occupying more space in today’s corporate climate. Investing in sports benefits companies in multiple ways, such as exposure, increased sales and as a way of taking social responsibility. The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine and understand what motivates three companies’ choice of sponsoring, how they evaluate these sponsorships and how big of a role social responsibility takes in the decision-making. By conducting three interviews with representatives from Carlsberg, Eleda and Stadium, the study presents results on influential factors in sports sponsoring. Most research report an overall positive response to sponsorships and sport, which this study confirms. Furthermore, the results implicate that the biggest motivating factors for sponsoring are brand awareness and trademark association. All partnerships are based on a win-win-situation, where both parties benefit. This study also examines the value of social responsibility in sponsorships, often phrased as Corporate Social Responsibility. Working with sustainability is important for all three companies, with an increased awareness and demand for equality and inclusion. The evaluation of sponsorships differs between the companies, but the main evaluation point is the fulfilment of the partnerships’ set goals.

Die rasante Entwicklung von Computer- und Informationstechnologie in den letzten Jahrzehnten hat Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft entscheidend beeinflusst. Völlig neue Geschäftsfelder sind entstanden, wie z.B. das der Computerspiele. Computerspiele wiederum implizierten die Entstehung des eSports - eSport ist das Austragen von Wettkämpfen mittels Computerspielen. Bisherige Beiträge oder Analysen zu dieser neuen Sportart sind kaum vorhanden. Vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit einem Teilgebiet des eSports: dem Sponsoring. Ziel ist es, die Situation des eSport Marktes im Allgemeinen zu beschreiben sowie Schwierigkeiten und Entwicklungen für das Sponsoring herauszuarbeiten.

Die rasante Entwicklung von Computer- und Informationstechnologie in den letzten Jahrzehnten hat Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft entscheidend beeinflusst. Völlig neue Geschäftsfelder sind entstanden, wie z.B. das der Computerspiele. Computerspiele wiederum implizierten die Entstehung des eSports - eSport ist das Austragen von Wettkämpfen mittels Computerspielen. Bisherige Beiträge oder Analysen zu dieser neuen Sportart sind kaum vorhanden. Vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit einem Teilgebiet des eSports: dem Sponsoring. Ziel ist es, die Situation des eSport Marktes im Allgemeinen zu beschreiben sowie Schwierigkeiten und Entwicklungen für das Sponsoring herauszuarbeiten.:Abbildungsverzeichnis II Abkürzungsverzeichnis III 1 Problemstellung und Zielsetzung 1 2 Sponsoring 3 2.1 Sponsoring - Begriff und Formen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.2 Ziele . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.3 Vorteile und Nachteile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.4 Sportsponsoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.5 Planungsprozess des Sportsponsorings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.6 Erfolgskontrolle des Sportsponsorings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3 eSport 15 3.1 Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.2 Historische Entwicklung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.3 Aktuelle Analyse des eSports in Deutschland . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.3.1 Spielerzahlen und Spielerprofil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.3.2 Clans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.3.3 Veranstaltungformen und deren mediale Verwertung . . . . 26 3.3.4 Sponsorebene und Sponsormaßnahmen . . . . . . . . . . . 28 3.3.5 Sponsorenpool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 3.3.6 Besondere Einflussfaktoren auf das Sponsoring . . . . . . . 30 4 Qualitative Untersuchung zum Sponsoring im eSport 32 4.1 Untersuchungsmethode Experteninterview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 4.2 Darstellung und Interpretation der Ergebnisse . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5 Schlussbetrachtung 36 Literaturverzeichnis IV Anhang VIII

Notre thèse poursuit les réflexions sur la notion de lien en microfinance. Cependant, elle se démarque des recherches antérieures en suggérant le concept de lien de clientèle. Elle s’applique aux Institutions de microfinance en Afrique de l’Ouest. Le but est d'expliquer l'efficacité des contrats de dette pour les clients individuels. La démarche suivie s'établit en deux points. Premièrement, nous identifions et définissons les relations annexes dites "embarquées" aux contrats de dette; à savoir la relation de recommandation (ou parrainage) et la relation d'aval. Deuxièmement, nous montrons l'inférence statistique de ses relations annexes sur le comportement de respect des échéances de crédit et nous estimons leur effet sur la probabilité pour un client de payer ses dettes. Les résultats de notre recherche proposent une classification des comportements de respect des échéances de crédit par catégories de clients selon leurs relations annexes. Notre réflexion permet d'enrichir les connaissances de la notion de lien en microfinance. Notre recherche procède par la connaissance du modèle d'articulation d’un processus marchand (le contrat de dette) avec le corpus social des relations annexes, c'est-à-dire la financiarisation des rapports interpersonnels et des liens sociaux. Ensuite, notre recherche abouti à interroger le fondement de l'action économique du client au-delà du raisonnement de maximisation marginale proposé par l'économie orthodoxe. Ainsi, notre thèse s'inscrit dans la droite ligne de la théorie monétaire microéconomique qui analyse le marché du crédit en faisant appel à la théorie de l'information et des contrats et à celle des relations d'agence. Enfin, notre recherche permet de formaliser les analyses de la relation de crédit et le rôle des intermédiaires financiers et non financiers. / Our thesis extends the concept of ties in microfinance. However, it's dissociated from existing researches by suggesting the concept of customer ties which is more relevant compared to the concept of joint liability ties. It's dedicated to the Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) especially in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries. The thesis aim's at explaining the efficiency of the microfinancial loan contracts for individual customers. Our approach takes in two points. First, we identified and defined the auxiliary relations "embarked" with the loan contracts such as sponsoring relations and approval relations. Secondly, we showed the statistical impacts of these relations while analysing the customer's probability of respect for the terms of the contracts. The obtained results of our research concern the specification of the behaviour of respect for the terms of contracts by categories of customers according to their auxiliary relations. Our contribution allows widening the knowledge of the notion of ties in microfinance beyond the joint liability ties. Our research proceeds by the model of embedding the trading process of the contract in the social corpus of auxiliary relations. Then, our thesis helps to question the foundation of the economic action of a customer beyond the marginal maximization reasoning which is proposed in the orthodox economics. So, our thesis joins completely in line with the microeconomic monetary theory which analyzes the credit market by appealing to the theory of the information and the contracts and to the theory of the agency relations. Finally, our research allows to formalizing the analyses of the loan relations and the role of financial and non-financial intermediaries.

My diploma thesis is named Sponsoring as a part of a marketing communication. How it is perceptible already from the title, the main theme of the whole work is relatively young tool of marketing communication - sponsoring. In theoretical part of my diploma work I firstly attend to the marketing communication and marketing mix , consequently in one chapter I lightly mention mark plus its identity. Then I concentrate directly on the sponsoring plus the explication of CSR -- Corporate Social Responsibility. Practical volume of my work is bent on the company Skoda Auto. Skoda Auto is a firm with more than centenary tradition. Skoda Auto is the biggest inland employer and together with the company CEZ belongs to the group of biggest sponsors in Czech Republic. Part of my diploma thesis is a questionnaire aimed for the fact - how the public perceives the company Skoda Auto.

One of the puzzles regarding IPO’s is that the issuers rarely get upset about leaving substantial amounts of money on the table due to underpricing. The cost of underpricing is the number of shares sold multiplied by the difference between the first-day closing price and the offer price. The research sample of IPOs and JSE databases comprised, respectively, 160 and 321 new applicants for the years 1995-1999. New applicants comprising the research sample raised R12.55 billion with an underpricing cost exceeding R2.85 billion i.e., 22.71 percent of the IPO capital raised. This cost was found to be nearly 10 times greater than the R295 million paid in fees to the corporate advisors by the issuing companies. The prime beneficiaries of this discount were a select grouping of private placement investors at the discretion of the corporate advisors and directors. Mean unadjusted initial first day returns amounted to 55.04 percent. Public Offer IPO’s (solely or as a component of a Hybrid Offer) follow UK influenced corporate legal systems– both in legislative norm and empirical results. First day initial returns were presented per issuer List Board, Method and Type of Listing, IPO capital raised and disclosed use of proceeds. Internationally many theories have been raised as to what has become to be known as the short-run underpricing puzzle. The winner’s curse hypothesis is directly tested flowing from and the unique data availability. It was shown that South African Public and Hybrid IPO Offer methods bear an exceptionally close correlation to UK influenced corporate legal systems and as such proved a reliable empirical testing ground for the winners curse phenomena using the same methodology and equations as their international counterparts hereunder. The UK based corporate law and institutional arrangements in South Africa allow a direct test of the empirical implications of the winner’s curse hypothesis in pricing unseasoned new issues.