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Showing 21 to 28 of 28 (0.053 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"surrender"" "subject:"surrenders""
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[pt] ENSAIOS DE MODELAGEM DINÂMICA APLICADA A SEGURO DE VIDA E PREVIDÊNCIA: LONGEVIDADE, RESGATE E OPÇÕES EMBUTIDAS / [en] ESSAY ON DYNAMIC MODELING IN LIFE INSURANCE AND PRIVATE PENSION: LONGEVITY, SURRENDER AND EMBEDDED OPTIONSCESAR DA ROCHA NEVES 11 April 2016 (has links)
[pt] Nesta tese, propomos quatro modelos dinâmicos para ajudar as seguradoras e fundos de pensão a medir e gerencias seus fatores de risco e seus planos de anuidade. Nos primeiros dois ensaios, propomos modelos de previsão de ganhos de longevidade de uma população, que é um importante fator de risco. No primeiro artigo, um modelo de séries temporais multivariado usando a abordagem SUTSE (seemingly unrelated time series equation) é proposto para prever ganhos de longevidade e taxas de mortalidade. No segundo artigo, um modelo estrutural multivariado com tendências estocásticas comuns é proposto para prever os ganhos de longevidade de uma população com uma curta série temporal de taxas de mortalidade, usando as informações de uma população relacionada, para qual uma longa série temporal de taxas de mortalidade é disponível. No terceiro artigo, outro importante fator de risco é modelado – taxas de cancelamento. Apresentamos um modelo estocástico multiestágio para previsão das taxas de cancelamento usando simulação de Monte Carlo depois de uma sequência de ajustes GLM, ARMA-GARCH e cópula multivariada ser executada. No quarto artigo, assumindo a necessidade de se avaliar as opções embutidas para manter a solvência dos planos de anuidade, propomos um modelo para mensuração das opções embutidas nos planos unit-linkeds brasileiros. / [en] In this thesis we propose four dynamic models to help life insurers and pension plans to measure and manage their risk factors and annuity plans. In the first two essays, we propose models to forecast longevity gains of a population, which is an important risk factor. In the first paper, a multivariate time series model using the seemingly unrelated time series equation (SUTSE) framework is proposed to forecast longevity gains and mortality rates. In the second paper, a multivariate structural time series model with common stochastic trends is proposed to forecast longevity gains of a population with a short time series of observed mortality rates, using the information of a related population for which longer mortality time series exist. In the third paper, another important risk factor is modeled – surrender rates. We propose a multi-stage stochastic model to forecast them using Monte Carlo simulation after a sequence of GLM, ARMA-GARCH and multivariate copula fitting is executed. Assuming the importance of the embedded options valuation to maintain the solvency of annuity plans, in the fourth paper we propose a model for evaluating the value of embedded options in the Brazilian unit-linked plans.
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At Zero Hour: The Government of Karl Dönitz, with Reflections as Seen in German LiteratureKlein, Jonathan Edward 28 March 2006 (has links)
No description available.
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含解約權之附保證變額壽險評價分析林威廷 Unknown Date (has links)
本文針對躉繳保費的附保證變額壽險進行評價，保單形式為生死合險，假設投保人可將期初的投資金額連結到兩種投資標的：股價指數及債券型基金，並以BGM模型描述利率的動態過程，然後分別計算不含解約權及含解約權的附保證變額壽險躉繳保費，進而求算出隱含在保單中的保證價值和解約權價值。針對含解約權的附保證變額壽險，以Longstaff and Schwartz(2001)提出的最小平方蒙地卡羅法處理解約的問題。最後，我們求算不同年齡下的男性保費，並且在投資比例、起始最低保證、最低保證給付成長率、針對解約的保證給付成長率和第一個允許的解約時點變動下，分別討論對於保證價值和解約權價值的影響。
結果顯示：(1)當起始最低保證給付等於期初投資金額時，投資在股票的比例越大，越能凸顯保證價值和解約權價值佔保費的比重。以30歲男性為例，保證價值佔不含解約權之附保證變額壽險的比例，由全部投資在債券型基金的0.03%，成長到全部投資在股票的13.86%；而解約權價值佔含解約權之附保證變額壽險的比例，由全部投資在債券型基金的0.05%，成長到全部投資在股票的9.12%。(2)投資比例、起始最低保證給付和最低保證給付成長率越大，保證價值越高。(3)起始最低保證給付和針對解約的保證給付成長率越大，解約權價值越大；而最低保證給付成長率和第一個允許的解約時點越大，解約權價值越小。(4)投資比例隨著最低保證給付不同對解約權價值有不同的影響。
關鍵字：附保證變額壽險、BGM利率模型、解約選擇權、最小平方蒙地卡羅法 / This study emphasizes on the pricing of variable life insurance with minimum guarantees. As an endowment policy in a single premium form, in this paper, it is assumed that the insured can distribute the initial investment amount into two underlying assets: the stock index fund and bond fund. Simulating the interest rate under a BGM model, computational procedures are performed for the single premium of the variable life insurance policy without surrender option and embedding a surrender option, and further, the guarantee value and surrender value embedded in the insurance policy. For the variable life insurance policy embedding a surrender option, the Least Square Monte-Carlo method proposed by Longstaff and Schwartz (2001) is applied to solve the surrender conditions. Finally, we calculate the premium for a male at different ages, and respectively analyze the variations of the guarantee value and surrender value under the influence of the investment portfolio, the initial minimum guaranteed amount, the growth rate of the minimum guarantee, the growth rate of the minimum guarantee for surrender and the first permitted surrender time.
The results show that: (1) when the initial minimum guaranteed amount equals the initial investment amount, higher proportion invested in stock will result in larger percentage of the guarantee value and surrender value to total premium. Take a 30-year old male as an example: the percentage of guarantee value to the premium of variable life insurance with minimum guarantee and without a surrender option, which is 0.03% when the initial investment amount thoroughly goes to bond fund, rises up to 13.86% with the entire amount invested in stock index fund. Likewise, the percentage of surrender value to the premium of variable life insurance with minimum guarantee and surrender option is 0.05% with total amount invested in bond fund, while it is 9.12% with the entire amount invested in stock index fund. (2) The higher proportion invested in stock, the initial minimum guaranteed amount and the growth rate of minimum guaranteed amount, the larger guarantee value. (3) Larger initial minimum guaranteed amount and the growth rate of the minimum guaranteed amount for surrender would contribute to a higher surrender value. The higher growth rate of the minimum guaranteed amount and the first permitted surrender time, the lower surrender value. (4) The influence of the investment portfolio to surrender value depends on the initial minimum guaranteed amount.
Key words: Variable life insurance with minimum guaranteed amount, BGM interest rate model, surrender option, least squares Monte Carlo approach.
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Evropský zatýkací rozkaz / European Arrest WarrantBicanová, Jitka January 2011 (has links)
European Arrest Warrant is an institute of the police and judicial cooperation in the criminal matters. Based is on the mutual confidence of Member States in its legal systems. His formation was caused not only by the failed ratification of the international agreements governing extradition, but also by the terrorist attacks occurred on 11 September 2001 in New York. European Arrest Warrant meant the breakthrough into the national traditional sovereignty of Member States and that all to ensure the area of freedom, safety and justice inside Europe. Formation of the European Arrest Warrant led to the restriction of some principles, which dominated to the extradition, when between the most important ones belongs the principle of surrender of own citizens. European Arrest Warrant is the necessary means and tool of police and judicial bodies in the fight against the national and multinational crime, whose use rises year from year.
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Razão e revolução: de Herbert Marcuse, por uma dialética de alteração institucionalDias Gadanha, Alberto 17 July 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-07-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / “Herbert Marcuse‟s „Reason and Revolution‟ towards a institutional changing‟s dialectic” expounds the philosophical reasons of a revolutionnary‟s praxis. The argument is developed by the reciprocity of two dialectic‟s criteria: the historic understanding of the libertarian aims and of its institutional actuality. The freedom as an ontological category, first criterion, and the political process of human liberation, the second, accomplish the elements of the reciprocity‟s dynamics as expounded in “Reason and Revolution” at 1941. The 1960‟s preface, “A note on dialectic” develops the reciprocity between the freedom‟s consciousness and the process of its actuality, as a alternative discourse instead of surrendering to the establishment. The text also recognizes in the Marcuse‟s work of 1966, the analogy between the essential criteria of the dialectic perspective and the understanding that the affluent capitalism‟s negation demands two types of strategies, one stood by the concept of negation one as a internal power and the other as an external one. The internal negation reveals the unaccepetable contradictions of the capitalist system and the external permits understanding the protest for justice and for the human good, universal values, beyond the capitalist system. / “„Raison et Révolution' pour une dialectique de changement institutionel" déploit une fondement philosophique pour la practique révolutionnaire. L'argumentation était déployée par la réciprocité entre deux critères de la dialectique: la compréhension historique des objetives libertaires et la compréhension de sa éféctivité institutionel. La liberté comme catégorie ontologique, prémier critère et le processus politique de libération humaine, le second, constituent les éléments de la dynamique de la réciprocité exposés dans l'oeuvre de 1941, "Raison et Révolution". La réciprocité entre le procesus de connaissance de la libération et le processus de sa éféctivité est confirmée au préface."A note on dialectic" tant comme une language alternative à la capitulation à l'établissement comme le déploiement de l'argumentation à l'année de 1960. Le texte de 1966 "Le concept de négation dans la dialectique" on fait reconnaître l'analogie entre les critères essentiels pour une perspective dialectique et la compréhension que la négation du capitalisme développé demande deux types de stratégies, une fondée sur la négation comme supération interne et l'autre fondée sur la négation extérieure, la première révélée par les contradictions internes d'une totalité-part, la seconde, supération extérieure, que permet de comprendre la clameur de la justice e du bien, éléments universels de la totalité-majeure que la totalité-part capitaliste. / “Razão e Revolução de Herbert Marcuse, por uma Dialética de Alteração Institucional”, expõe a fundamentação filosófica de uma práxis revolucionária. A argumentação é desenvolvida a partir da reciprocidade entre dois critérios da dialética: a compreensão histórica dos objetivos libertários e a compreensão de sua efetivação institucional. A liberdade como categoria ontológica, primeiro critério e o processo político de libertação humana, o segundo, constituem-se elementos da dinâmica de reciprocidade como expostos na obra de 1941, “Razão e Revolução”. No prefácio “A note on dialectic” de 1960, a reciprocidade entre o processo de conscientização da liberdade e o processo de sua efetivação, constitue-se num discurso alternativo à capitulação ao estabelecido. Em 1966, reconhecemos a analogia dos critérios essenciais de uma perspectiva dialética com a compreensão de que a negação do capitalismo tardio exige dois tipos de estratégias, uma fundada na negação enquanto superação interna, e a outra fundada na negação como superação externa, a primeira expressa a partir das contradições internas de um todo-parte e a segunda, a superação externa, permite compreender o clamor por justiça e pelo bem, elementos universais de uma totalidade maior do que o todo-parte capitalista.
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Rendre les armes : le sort des vaincus XVIe-XVIIe siècles / Surrender : the Fate of the Defeated XVIth-XVIIth cent.Vo-Ha, Paul 30 November 2015 (has links)
Le XVIe siècle est souvent perçu comme un temps de massacres motivés par les haines confessionnelles, une litanie de carnages et d’exactions à laquelle succéderait, à partir des années 1650 une culture de la reddition honorable, une guerre réglée et limitée caractérisée par une nette amélioration du sort des vaincus. Une humanisation de la guerre se donnerait à lire au travers d’une codification des procédures de capitulation et de reddition des places. Ce travail, suivant les pistes ouvertes par l’anthropologie historique, questionne cette vision caractéristique d’une déréalisation de la guerre pour montrer que la reddition honorable émerge précocement et ne constitue jamais qu’un idéal toujours soumis aux intérêts des belligérants. Mobile de la clémence, l’intérêt est également celui de la rigueur. Tout au long des XVIe et XVIIe siècles, la reddition reste un risque pour l’honneur et la vie des vaincus. Cette histoire de la reddition entend déconstruire le mythe déréalisant de la «guerre en dentelles» pour rappeler que les guerres du règne de Louis XIV ne sont pas le théâtre d’une limitation de la violence. / The XVIth century is often perceived as an era of religious driven massacres, a litany of carnage and exactions directly followed, from 1650 onward, by reversing habits of honourable capitulation, a closely regulated and restricted warfare characterized by a great improvement in the fate of the defeated. A humanization of the war would show through a codification of the surrending procedures and the transfer of forteresses. This essay investigates this derealizing vision of warfare, based on historical anthropology’s theoretical leads. It shows that honourable capitulation come about earlier on as an ideal led by the interest of belligerent parties. These interests appear as a major motive for both leniency and rigorousness. All along the XVIth and XVIIth cent., capitulation stands as a risk for the honor and life of the losers. This history of capitulation intends to deconstruct the derealizing myth of chivalrous and limited warfare, to recall the fact that wars under the reign of Louis XIV often led to repeated acts of unleashed violence.
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Pilgrimage in war : the influence of the Second World War and the theme of vocation in Evelyn Waugh's later novels / 戦火の歴拝 : イーヴリン・ウォーの後期小説における第二次世界大戦の影響と召命のテーマ / センカ ノ レキハイ : イーヴリン ウォー ノ コウキ ショウセツ ニオケル ダイニジ セカイ タイセン ノ エイキョウ ト ショウメイ ノ テーマ / 戦火の歴拝 : イーヴリンウォーの後期小説における第二次世界大戦の影響と召命のテーマ有為楠 香, Kaori Wicks 13 September 2018 (has links)
本論文はイギリス20世紀のカトリック作家イーヴリン・ウォー(Evelyn Waugh)(1903-66)の後期作品、主に1940-1960年代に書かれた小説について論じるものであり、とりわけ、彼の最後の作品である『名誉の剣』三部作(the Sword of Honour trilogy)を中心に考察する。本論の考察の目的は、作品が書かれた時代のイギリス社会とウォーの作品との関連性、そして彼が希求した、キリスト教徒としての召命のテーマを探ることである。 / This dissertation is on Evelyn Waugh's (1903-66) later novels, written from 1942, through the Second World War, to 1965, especially on his last ones, the Sword of Honour trilogy. With discussions focusing on the relationship of Waugh's works with British society of the same period, this thesis clarifies the theme of vocation, which is observed in most of his novels. / 博士(英文学) / Doctor of Philosophy in English Literature / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University
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Action in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: an Enactive Psycho-phenomenological and Semiotic Analysis of Thirty New Zealand Women's Experiences of Suffering and RecoveryHart, M J Alexandra January 2010 (has links)
This research into Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) presents the results of 60 first-person psycho-phenomenological interviews with 30 New Zealand women. The participants were recruited from the Canterbury and Wellington regions, 10 had recovered. Taking a non-dual, non-reductive embodied approach, the phenomenological data was analysed semiotically, using a graph-theoretical cluster analysis to elucidate the large number of resulting categories, and interpreted through the enactive approach to cognitive science.
The initial result of the analysis is a comprehensive exploration of the experience of CFS which develops subject-specific categories of experience and explores the relation of the illness to universal categories of experience, including self, ‘energy’, action, and being-able-to-do.
Transformations of the self surrounding being-able-to-do and not-being-able-to-do were shown to elucidate the illness process.
It is proposed that the concept ‘energy’ in the participants’ discourse is equivalent to the Mahayana Buddhist concept of ‘contact’. This characterises CFS as a breakdown of contact. Narrative content from the recovered interviewees reflects a reestablishment of contact.
The hypothesis that CFS is a disorder of action is investigated in detail.
A general model for the phenomenology and functional architecture of action is proposed. This model is a recursive loop involving felt meaning, contact, action, and perception and appears to be phenomenologically supported.
It is proposed that the CFS illness process is a dynamical decompensation of the subject’s action loop caused by a breakdown in the process of contact.
On this basis, a new interpretation of neurological findings in relation to CFS becomes possible. A neurological phenomenon that correlates with the illness and involves a brain region that has a similar structure to the action model’s recursive loop is identified in previous research results and compared with the action model and the results of this research. This correspondence may identify the brain regions involved in the illness process, which may provide an objective diagnostic test for the condition and approaches to treatment.
The implications of this model for cognitive science and CFS should be investigated through neurophenomenological research since the model stands to shed considerable light on the nature of consciousness, contact and agency.
Phenomenologically based treatments are proposed, along with suggestions for future research on CFS. The research may clarify the diagnostic criteria for CFS and guide management and treatment programmes, particularly multidimensional and interdisciplinary approaches.
Category theory is proposed as a foundation for a mathematisation of phenomenology.
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