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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
121

A ameaça terrorista na América do Sul: uma análise do discurso na Era Bush / The terrorist threat in South America: a discourse analysis in the Bush era

Isabella Duarte Franchini Greb 29 June 2015 (has links)
Esta pesquisa de Mestrado, sob a forma de dois artigos distintos, mapeia articulações da ameaça terrorista que possam sugerir a macrossecuritização da Guerra ao Terror na América do Sul, nos discursos dos presidentes de Brasil, Colômbia e Venezuela na Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas (2002-2006). Com base na Teoria das Securitizações da Escola de Copenhague e na Análise Crítica do Discurso de vertente anglo-saxã, identificam-se as estratégias linguísticas e o encadeamento argumentativo da securitização do terrorismo no ato de fala. Conclui-se que, no nível discursivo, Colômbia e Venezuela macrossecuritizaram a Guerra ao Terror, instrumentalizando o terrorismo para justificar as ações dos Governos Uribe e Chávez , enquanto o Governo Lula absorve o terrorismo ao combate à fome. / This Master\'s research, in the form of two separate articles, maps the articulation of the terrorist threat that might suggest a macrosecuritisation of the \"War on Terror\" in South America, in the speeches of presidents of Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela in the United Nations General Assembly (2002 -2006). Based on the Theory of Securitisation of the Copenhagen School and Critical Analysis of the Anglo-Saxon Critical Discourse Analysis, it identifies the linguistic strategies and argumentative textual chaining of terrorism securitisation in the speech act. We conclude that, in the discursive level, Colombia and Venezuela have macrosecutirised the War on Terror, using terrorism to justify the actions of Uribe and Chavez governments, while the Lula embodies the danger of terrorism to its anti-hunger program.
122

Discurso conceptual y gráfico de la justicia cruel en la saga Saw (2004-2010)

Vergel Rodríguez, Marylin Madeleine Karina 07 July 2015 (has links)
Muchas personas se preguntan por qué veo películas tan “feas” y siempre respondo lo mismo: “Las veo porque me asustan, se me escarapela el cuerpo; por ende, me gustan. Me gusta la sensación del miedo y de la repugnancia”. Lo que más atrae de estas películas son las emociones diversas que provocan en el espectador. Sin embargo, eso no es lo único que me interesa, sino también los personajes que encarnan estas emociones y, sobre todo, el discurso sobre la justicia y la ambivalencia. La construcción ambivalente los vuelve más complejos y genera en el espectador una explosión de emociones. Parece ser que estas personalidades ficticias tienen un gusto por lo abyecto y eso tiene un motivo. Es por esto que he querido dirigir mi gusto por lo abyecto del discurso de estas películas y por los personajes antihéroes hacia el análisis de una de las sagas que más me ha gustado: Saw. En ella confluye el terror, el gore y lo complejo del personaje antihéroe que tanta acogida ha tenido en los últimos años. Mi trabajo se centra en un análisis de la temática de la justicia cruel y cómo está representada tanto en lo visual como en lo conceptual. En otras palabras, cómo los elementos visuales ayudan a exacerbar la crueldad que se muestra en la justicia del psicópata de Saw; además de indagar más sobre los motivos y las consecuencias que tienen sus actos, implicados también en la explicación de la justicia cruel del personaje.
123

From Frontline to Homefront : The Global Homeland in Contemporary U.S. War Fiction

Rau, Kristen January 2017 (has links)
Criticized for providing a simplified depiction of a post-9/11 United States, contemporary American “War on Terror” fiction has been largely neglected by critical discourse. In this dissertation, I argue that this fiction offers a vital engagement with how the War on Terror is waged, and how the fantasies and policies of the Global Homeland inform it. Most immediately, the texts I analyze undercut the sanitization of the war by including depictions of intense combat and the psychological fallout of derealized warfare. In these works, the public’s reluctance to acknowledge such concerns lays the foundation for a schism between American civilians and the military. I argue moreover that this fiction engages with the collapse of distinctions between foreign and domestic spheres through exploring both battlefields abroad and how a military logic is transposed onto American society. In the first chapter, I analyze the way in which narratives by Kevin Powers, David Abrams, Phil Klay, and Dan Fesperman complicate sanitized images of the war by foregrounding its visceral qualities and representing the traumatic impact of mediated warfare. The second chapter focuses on Ben Fountain’s Billy Lynn’s Long Halftime Walk, specifically its representation of the military characters’ frustration with the public’s failure to acknowledge the traumatic impact of the War on Terror, and its critique of melodramatic patriotic gestures that glorify the war but do not require actual social, financial, or affective investment in the military. The third chapter zeroes in on portrayals of returned veterans in texts by George Saunders, Atticus Lish, and Joyce Carol Oates, who react with increasing antagonism to civilian disinterest in their plight, which gives rise to acts of violence against civilians and a shift in societal attitudes toward the military. I conclude by examining Lish’s depiction of how the policies of the Global Homeland result in the deployment of a military logic within the domestic U.S. Through its engagement with American warfare and the Global Homeland, contemporary American war fiction offers a nuanced exploration of the conduct and ramifications of the War on Terror.
124

CRÍTICA DA IGUALDADE JURÍDICA NO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL: SEGURANÇA NUCLEAR E GUERRA AO TERROR

Moreira, Júlio da Silveira 18 February 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:46:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JULIO DA SILVEIRA MOREIRA.pdf: 1490206 bytes, checksum: bfa5664056eb59da266a99ef24afb54c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-18 / This Master s thesis aims the criticism of legal equality in International Law, since the reference of Marxist criticism in Law Philosophy. Works with the historical and dialectical materialist method, and qualitative research with bibliographic and documentary sources. The starting point are the legal principles of equality, liberty and property, that support the assertion of capitalist society. The criticism of political economy, addressing the characteristics of commodity exchange under capitalism, observe the separation between direct producer and means of production, resulting in the contradictions of the legal principles: legal equality is material inequality, formal liberty is necessity and submission, abstract property is the condition of the dispossessed. Understanding the law from the legal relationships between abstract legal subjects, it criticizes the fetishism of legal rule and the legal ideology. Points to the role of the State as public power for repression and guarantor of legal relations, and especially the State in external relations with other States. The criticism of International Law begins with the study of the works of its founders, Victoria, Grotius and Kant. Then make use of Theory of Imperialism to examine the mechanisms of internationalization of the legal form in the midst of sharing and partition of the world between the capitalist powers. To understand that the internationalization of capitalism is the very negation of its development in the periphery of the system, makes use of the concepts of uneven development, bureaucratic capitalism and break of legality. Reveals the colonial conflict and the civilizational paradigm as inherent to International Law, lasting until the present time, as shown, in theory, the works of Anghie and Miéville, and in factual and concrete plan, the United Nations structure from the binomial peace and collective security and the contradictions in its policy of nuclear security. Finally, the permanence of colonial conflict and civilizational paradigm is evident in State policy called War on Terror, which proposes the revision of concepts of International Law and renew the enemy speech in the stereotype of terrorist, to legitimize imperialist aggressions. / Esta dissertação de Mestrado tem por objeto a crítica da igualdade jurídica no Direito Internacional, desde o referencial da crítica marxista na Filosofia do Direito. Trabalha com o método materialista histórico e dialético e pesquisa qualitativa com fontes bibliográficas e documentais. O ponto de partida são os princípios jurídicos de igualdade, liberdade e propriedade, que embasaram a afirmação da sociedade capitalista. A crítica da economia política, ao tratar das características da troca de mercadorias no capitalismo, permite observar a separação entre produtor direto e meios de produção, resultando nas contradições dos princípios jurídicos: igualdade jurídica é desigualdade material, liberdade formal é necessidade e submissão, propriedade abstrata é a condição do expropriado. Compreendendo o direito a partir das relações jurídicas entre sujeitos de direito abstratos, critica o fetichismo da norma jurídica e a ideologia jurídica. Aponta o papel do Estado como força pública para a repressão e garantidor das relações jurídicas, e especialmente o Estado nas relações externas com outros Estados. A crítica do Direito Internacional se inicia com o estudo das obras de seus fundadores, Vitória, Grotius e Kant. Depois, serve-se da Teoria do Imperialismo para analisar os mecanismos de internacionalização da forma jurídica no bojo da partilha e repartilha do mundo entre as potências capitalistas. Para compreender que a internacionalização do capitalismo é a própria negação do seu desenvolvimento na periferia do sistema, serve-se dos conceitos de desenvolvimento desigual, capitalismo burocrático e ruptura da legalidade. Revela o conflito colonial e o paradigma civilizatório como inerentes ao Direito Internacional, prolongando-se até a época atual, como demonstram, no plano teórico, as obras de Anghie e Miéville, e no plano fático concreto, a estrutura das Nações Unidas a partir do binômio paz e segurança coletiva e das contradições em sua política de segurança nuclear. Por fim, a permanência do conflito colonial e do paradigma civilizatório fica evidente na política de Estado chamada Guerra ao Terror, que propõe a revisão de conceitos do Direito Internacional e renova o discurso do inimigo no estereótipo do terrorista, para legitimar agressões imperialistas.
125

Os efeitos políticos da securitização internacional do terrorismo pós-11/09: o caso da Organização de Cooperação de Xangai / The political effects of the international securitization of post terrorism after 09 /11 : the case of Shanghai Cooperation Organization

Luciana de Rezende Campos Oliveira 16 July 2014 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta dissertação trata do que se entende como terrorismo após os atentados de setembro de 2001, seja como lógica de ação ou como método de ação. A partir desta data, o terrorismo alcançou enorme projeção e passou a figurar como tema central tanto na imprensa cotidiana quanto em reuniões internacionais de cúpula. O fenômeno era, muitas vezes, historicamente circunscrito às nações que enfrentavam esse problema. Após o Onze de Setembro, o debate expandiu-se e as políticas, e a propaganda, antiterroristas incidiram sobre a sociedade, modificando comportamentos individuais e coletivos. A associação entre Islamismo e terrorismo foi frequente e a Guerra Contra ao Terror (GCT), promovida pela política externa norte-americana de George W. Bush, contribuiu para difundir uma percepção do terrorismo como uma lógica de ação afeita à violência em si. Isso contrasta com a percepção quanto a grupos terroristas de momentos históricos anteriores, cujo recurso ao terrorismo era compreendido como método de ação com valor instrumental para alcançar objetivos políticos diversos, como a emancipação nacional e a desestabilização de regimes políticos estabelecidos. O estudo de caso da Organização de Xangai (OCX) visa demonstrar que a identificação entre terrorismo e Islã leva ao equívoco de compreender os grupos terroristas contemporâneos islâmicos, com lógicas próprias, como uma fenômeno só o que leva à imprecisão de atribuir ao terrorismo o caráter de primeiro fenômeno macro-securitizado. Este breve histórico da ascensão do terrorismo na agenda política contemporânea, mediante a análise do processo securitizador tanto na GCT quanto na Organização de Cooperação de Xangai, serve como referência para as análises contidas no trabalho que o leitor tem em mãos, uma vez que o sentido atribuído ao terrorismo só pode ser entendido em termos dos atores políticos envolvidos na sua definição e no contexto em qual o fazem. Na OCX, o verificou-se o entendimento do terrorismo como método de ação de grupos separatistas, o que não corresponde à ideia do terrorismo como lógica de ação contida na GCT. / We wrote about our understanding what terrorism, after the September 2001 attacks, is liking as a logic and a method of action. After September 2001, terrorism has achieved a huge projection and has been integrated as a central theme in both the daily press and in international summit meetings. The phenomena was often historically confined to nations facing this problem. After 9/11, the debate has expanded and the political counter-terrorism propaganda was focused on society changing individual and collective behavior. The association between Islam and terrorism was common and the War on Terror (WOT), promoted by the American foreign policy of George W. Bush, helped to spread a perception of terrorism as an logic action of pure violence itself. The contrast between perception of the terrorist groups in previous historical periods, whose thinking to practice to terrorism was understood as an method of action with instrumental value to achieve different policy objectives, such as national emancipation and the destabilization of established political regimes. This study of Shanghai Organization (SCO) seeks to demonstrate the identification between terrorism and Islam leads to misunderstanding of understanding (a lack of comprehension) between the contemporary Islamic terrorist groups, with their own logic, and as a phenomenon only - which leads inaccurate to attribute terrorism to an first macro-securitized phenomenon character. This brief history of the rise of terrorism in contemporary political agenda has been analyzing the securitizer process both in WOT and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This study serves as a reference about our thinking and analyzes terrorism not only can be understood in terms of the political actors involved in its definition but in the context in which they do. The SCO has a understanding about terrorism like a method of action of separatist groups, which does not correspond to the idea of terrorism as an logic of action contained in the WOT doctrine.
126

Gotiska drag i Tove Janssons Muminböcker : Med fallstudie av Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen / Gothic Influences in Tove Jansson's Moomin books : A Case Study of Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen

Hietanen, Marko January 2010 (has links)
Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka ett tidigare outforskat område, nämligen de gotiska dragen i Tove Janssons Muminböcker, med fokus på Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen. Skräckgenren har tidigare kopplats samman med både Jansson och hennes Muminböcker, fast aldrig förr genom ett gotiskt perspektiv. Därför lyder frågeställningen som följer: Vilka gotiska drag förekommer i Tove Janssons Muminböcker, framförallt i Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen? Hur framställs, och vilket syfte har, dessa gotiska drag? Gotiska drag står i fokus för närläsningen, vilket är metoden jag använder mig av i min analys. Jag använder en definition av termen gotik, presenterad av Mattias Fyhr, som innebär att jag kommer att söka efter drag som berör subjektivitet, avsaknad, förfall, undergång, olösbarhet och labyrintism. Dessa sex kategorier innefattar olika gotiska egenskaper. Analysen visar att gotiska drag är vanligt förekommande i samtliga av Janssons Muminböcker. Samtliga kategorier finns representerade, även om mängden inslag varierar mellan böckerna. Det visar sig även att flera av exemplen jag lyft fram ur böckerna, innehåller gotiska drag som sammanfaller under flera olika kategorier samtidigt. Min uppfattning är att kategorin subjektivitet verkar förekomma mest frekvent i Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen, där omvärlden ofta skildras utifrån karaktärernas känslotillstånd (melankoli och rädsla). Dock verkar enligt min tolkning kategorin undergång, som innefattar det ”yttre hotet” och är något som ofta tidigare förknippats med Muminböckerna, vara den kategori som utmärkte sig tydligast om man ser till hela Muminsviten. / The aim of this essay is to study a topic that has not been researched before, namely the gothic influences in Tove Jansson’s Moomin books, with a focus on Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen (The Moomins and the Great Flood). The Horror genre has previously been linked to both Tove Jansson and her Moomin books, but never with a gothic perspective. That is why we ask: What gothic influences can be found in Tove Jansson’s Moomin books, especially in Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen? How are these gothic influences portrayed and to what purpose? Gothic influences is the focus for the close reading, which is the method I used for my analysis. I use the definition of the term gothic, proposed by Mattias Fyhr, which means that I will search for these subject matters: subjectivity, loss, decay, ruin, insolvability, and labyrinthism. These six categories contain different gothic characteristics. The analysis shows that gothic influences are common in all of Jansson’s Moomin books. All the categories are represented, even though the instances vary between the books. Numerous examples that I used from the books happen to fall in several different categories at the same time. To my understanding, the subjectivity category seems to be most frequent in Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen where to surrounding world is portrayed by the characters' states of mind (melancholy and fright). Yet it seems, according to my interpretation, that the ruin category, which contains the “outer threat” and has earlier been associated with the Moomin books, is the most distinguishing in the Moomin oeuvre.
127

Gotiska drag i Tove Janssons Muminböcker : Med fallstudie av <em>Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen</em> / Gothic Influences in Tove Jansson's Moomin books : A Case Study of <em>Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen</em>

Hietanen, Marko January 2010 (has links)
<p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka ett tidigare outforskat område, nämligen de gotiska dragen i Tove Janssons Muminböcker, med fokus på <em>Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen</em>. Skräckgenren har tidigare kopplats samman med både Jansson och hennes Muminböcker, fast aldrig förr genom ett gotiskt perspektiv. Därför lyder frågeställningen som följer: Vilka gotiska drag förekommer i Tove Janssons Muminböcker, framförallt i <em>Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen</em>? Hur framställs, och vilket syfte har, dessa gotiska drag?</p><p>Gotiska drag står i fokus för närläsningen, vilket är metoden jag använder mig av i min analys. Jag använder en definition av termen gotik, presenterad av Mattias Fyhr, som innebär att jag kommer att söka efter drag som berör <em>subjektivitet</em>, <em>avsaknad</em>, <em>förfall</em>, <em>undergång</em>, <em>olösbarhet</em> och <em>labyrintism</em>. Dessa sex kategorier innefattar olika gotiska egenskaper. Analysen visar att gotiska drag är vanligt förekommande i samtliga av Janssons Muminböcker. Samtliga kategorier finns representerade, även om mängden inslag varierar mellan böckerna. Det visar sig även att flera av exemplen jag lyft fram ur böckerna, innehåller gotiska drag som sammanfaller under flera olika kategorier samtidigt. Min uppfattning är att kategorin <em>subjektivitet </em>verkar förekomma mest frekvent i <em>Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen</em>, där omvärlden ofta skildras utifrån karaktärernas känslotillstånd (melankoli och rädsla). Dock verkar enligt min tolkning kategorin <em>undergång</em>, som innefattar det ”yttre hotet” och är något som ofta tidigare förknippats med Muminböckerna, vara den kategori som utmärkte sig tydligast om man ser till hela Muminsviten.</p> / <p>The aim of this essay is to study a topic that has not been researched before, namely the gothic influences in Tove Jansson’s Moomin books, with a focus on <em>Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen (The Moomins and the Great Flood)</em>. The Horror genre has previously been linked to both Tove Jansson and her Moomin books, but never with a gothic perspective. That is why we ask: What gothic influences can be found in Tove Jansson’s Moomin books, especially in <em>Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen</em>? How are these gothic influences portrayed and to what purpose?</p><p>Gothic influences is the focus for the close reading, which is the method I used for my analysis. I use the definition of the term gothic, proposed by Mattias Fyhr, which means that I will search for these subject matters: <em>subjectivity</em>, <em>loss</em>, <em>decay</em>, <em>ruin</em>, <em>insolvability</em>, and <em>labyrinthism</em>. These six categories contain different gothic characteristics. The analysis shows that gothic influences are common in all of Jansson’s Moomin books. All the categories are represented, even though the instances vary between the books. Numerous examples that I used from the books happen to fall in several different categories at the same time. To my understanding, the <em>subjectivity</em> category seems to be most frequent in <em>Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen</em> where to surrounding world is portrayed by the characters' states of mind (melancholy and fright). Yet it seems, according to my interpretation, that the <em>ruin</em> category, which contains the “outer threat” and has earlier been associated with the Moomin books, is the most distinguishing in the Moomin oeuvre.</p>
128

Crackdown and Consent: China’s War on Terror and the Strategic Creation of a Public Discourse in the U.S.

Jai, Kehaulani R 01 January 2016 (has links)
Scholars have extensively detailed China’s conflation of the Uyghur issue in Xinjiang with the international war on terror following September 11, 2001. Less studied is how the U.S. responded to China’s framing of the Uyghur as terrorists, and of the Chinese government’s characterization of Xinjiang as a region fraught with violence and extremism. On the whole, scholars who have addressed this latter issue conclude that China successfully coopted the U.S., and consequently cracked down on Xinjiang without substantial international outrage. On the basis of a review of official U.S. documents before and after 9/11, I argue that the U.S. response to China’s framing of the Uyghur is not as clear-cut, and that multiple and conflicting U.S. responses emerged to the Uyghur-terrorist discourse. Specifically, the U.S. shifted from purely framing the Uyghur as victims of human rights abuses to projecting three new frames onto the Uyghur: victims of the war on terror; a minority group that may resort to violent methods of protest; and suspected terrorists. This new interpretation holds important ramifications for how scholars should understand China’s treatment of the Uyghur, as well as for Sino-U.S. relations.
129

Terrorismo: um conceito político / Terrorism: a political concept

De Paula, Guilherme Tadeu [UNIFESP] 05 February 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Cristiane de Melo Shirayama (cristiane.shirayama@unifesp.br) on 2018-04-13T20:55:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 guilherme-tadeu-de-paula.pdf: 699804 bytes, checksum: 3d098adb3ca4895cf32a9c546b301250 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diogo Misoguti (diogo.misoguti@gmail.com) on 2018-04-17T18:06:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 guilherme-tadeu-de-paula.pdf: 699804 bytes, checksum: 3d098adb3ca4895cf32a9c546b301250 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-17T18:06:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 guilherme-tadeu-de-paula.pdf: 699804 bytes, checksum: 3d098adb3ca4895cf32a9c546b301250 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-05 / Este trabalho pretende analisar o conceito de terrorismo a partir de uma perspectiva crítica. O desenvolvimento dos argumentos nele encontrados se dará através de uma análise histórica, especialmente voltada para quatro períodos que mereceram especial atenção: o Terror Jacobino da Revolução Francesa, os atentados praticados por anarquistas na virada do século XIX, a imprecisão conceitual do século XX e o pós 11 de setembro e as políticas estadunidenses da época, essencialmente a Guerra ao Terror. Partindo de um pressuposto metodológico de que é a história social e as relações de poder que os homens estabelecem em sociedade que pautam e determinam os conceitos, esta pesquisa ainda dialogará com outras noções de terrorismo que apareceram no debate de nosso tempo, com o intuito de, a partir desta síntese, fundamentar uma melhor percepção que ajude a explicar as principais inquietações que motivaram este esforço analítico. O argumento central que conduzirá toda a abordagem se fundamenta no caráter político da conceituação de terrorismo, que não é um conceito límpido, científico e frio, mas sim um dispositivo de poder político em disputa em cada determinada sociedade. / This research aims to exam the concept of terrorism in a critical perspective. The development of these arguments will be found through a historical analysis, especially focused on four eras that deserve special attention: the “Reign of Terror” of the French Revolution, the attacks perpetrated by anarchists in the last decade of the nineteenth century, the broad concept of terrorism in the twentieth century and post September 11 and the U.S. policies in the age of War on Terror. Our methodological assumption is that the social history and power relations among people whitin societies that determine and rule the concepts. This research will dialogue with different ideas of terrorism that emerged in the debate of our days, and from that, to create a basis for a better perception that helps explain the main concerns that motivated this analytical effort. The main argument that lead our whole approach is based on the political aspect of terrorism concept, which is not a cloudless, pure and scientific but a kind of device of political power that can be found in each particular society.
130

Os efeitos políticos da securitização internacional do terrorismo pós-11/09: o caso da Organização de Cooperação de Xangai / The political effects of the international securitization of post terrorism after 09 /11 : the case of Shanghai Cooperation Organization

Luciana de Rezende Campos Oliveira 16 July 2014 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta dissertação trata do que se entende como terrorismo após os atentados de setembro de 2001, seja como lógica de ação ou como método de ação. A partir desta data, o terrorismo alcançou enorme projeção e passou a figurar como tema central tanto na imprensa cotidiana quanto em reuniões internacionais de cúpula. O fenômeno era, muitas vezes, historicamente circunscrito às nações que enfrentavam esse problema. Após o Onze de Setembro, o debate expandiu-se e as políticas, e a propaganda, antiterroristas incidiram sobre a sociedade, modificando comportamentos individuais e coletivos. A associação entre Islamismo e terrorismo foi frequente e a Guerra Contra ao Terror (GCT), promovida pela política externa norte-americana de George W. Bush, contribuiu para difundir uma percepção do terrorismo como uma lógica de ação afeita à violência em si. Isso contrasta com a percepção quanto a grupos terroristas de momentos históricos anteriores, cujo recurso ao terrorismo era compreendido como método de ação com valor instrumental para alcançar objetivos políticos diversos, como a emancipação nacional e a desestabilização de regimes políticos estabelecidos. O estudo de caso da Organização de Xangai (OCX) visa demonstrar que a identificação entre terrorismo e Islã leva ao equívoco de compreender os grupos terroristas contemporâneos islâmicos, com lógicas próprias, como uma fenômeno só o que leva à imprecisão de atribuir ao terrorismo o caráter de primeiro fenômeno macro-securitizado. Este breve histórico da ascensão do terrorismo na agenda política contemporânea, mediante a análise do processo securitizador tanto na GCT quanto na Organização de Cooperação de Xangai, serve como referência para as análises contidas no trabalho que o leitor tem em mãos, uma vez que o sentido atribuído ao terrorismo só pode ser entendido em termos dos atores políticos envolvidos na sua definição e no contexto em qual o fazem. Na OCX, o verificou-se o entendimento do terrorismo como método de ação de grupos separatistas, o que não corresponde à ideia do terrorismo como lógica de ação contida na GCT. / We wrote about our understanding what terrorism, after the September 2001 attacks, is liking as a logic and a method of action. After September 2001, terrorism has achieved a huge projection and has been integrated as a central theme in both the daily press and in international summit meetings. The phenomena was often historically confined to nations facing this problem. After 9/11, the debate has expanded and the political counter-terrorism propaganda was focused on society changing individual and collective behavior. The association between Islam and terrorism was common and the War on Terror (WOT), promoted by the American foreign policy of George W. Bush, helped to spread a perception of terrorism as an logic action of pure violence itself. The contrast between perception of the terrorist groups in previous historical periods, whose thinking to practice to terrorism was understood as an method of action with instrumental value to achieve different policy objectives, such as national emancipation and the destabilization of established political regimes. This study of Shanghai Organization (SCO) seeks to demonstrate the identification between terrorism and Islam leads to misunderstanding of understanding (a lack of comprehension) between the contemporary Islamic terrorist groups, with their own logic, and as a phenomenon only - which leads inaccurate to attribute terrorism to an first macro-securitized phenomenon character. This brief history of the rise of terrorism in contemporary political agenda has been analyzing the securitizer process both in WOT and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This study serves as a reference about our thinking and analyzes terrorism not only can be understood in terms of the political actors involved in its definition but in the context in which they do. The SCO has a understanding about terrorism like a method of action of separatist groups, which does not correspond to the idea of terrorism as an logic of action contained in the WOT doctrine.

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