Text in Afrikaans / During the initial stages of Gestalt play therapy qualitative assessment is vital within the therapeutic relationship, to gain information about the child in order to strengthen this relationship, enhance awareness and for further interventions. Research confirmed the lack and problems with current assessment tools, within various helping professions, which were addressed in this study. The board game, as a Gestalt assessment tool, was compiled for the primary school child and focuses on the therapeutic relationship, sensory stimulation and the process of the child (Schoeman-3-aspect model). Information was gathered by a literature review, semi structured interviews with two professionals and by observing the application of the board game. Valuable information was gathered concerning the child and was strengthened by literature. Relevant conclusions and recommendations were made. This board game can be effectively used by play therapists in the initial stages of assessment with the primary school child, for relationship building, sensory stimulation and determining the child's process. / Social Work / M.Diac.

This research was directed at determining the value of Gestalt play therapy for the high school learner with Spina Bifida. By undertaking a literature study regarding the child with Spina Bifida, as well as Gestalt play therapy, it was possible to determine what needs and difficulties these learners experience and how Gestalt play therapy can be implemented to address these needs and difficulties. The researcher concludes that any high school learner experiences a lot of developmental changes, but for the learner with Spina Bifida there are not only the social, personal, physical and emotional changes, but also the fact that because of the disability, more support and help structures are needed. It became evident that, for these learners, Gestalt play therapy is a very effective and useful intervention technique. Learners were guided towards awareness of themselves, as well as their inner strength to face the unfinished business in their lives. / Social work / M. Diac (Play Therapy)

Training in psychotherapy needs to involve more than merely skills and techniques. The field of psychotherapy needs to involve more than the application of formulas in a modernistic framework. This study proposes an approach to training in psychotherapy where the emphasis is on the client and the therapeutic relationship. Psychotherapy training should be an ongoing process and this study aims to facilitate and enhance that process for students. The study combines basic therapeutic skills and interpersonal psychotherapy to form a training programme referred to as the Basic Relational Skills Training (BRST) programme. The first part of the study provides a historical perspective of basic therapeutic skills, followed by a review of the relevant literature. The second part of the study constitutes a possible format for a training manual for the proposed BRST programme. The researcher hopes that the proposed BRST programme be utilised by trainers to assess the programme's efficacy. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

This study sought to investigate: •!• student nurses' perceived role of tutors, preceptors and professional nurses in fostering the development of interpersonal relationships of students nurses during training •!• student nurses' espousal of positive interpersonal relationships with colleagues, patients, friends and relatives of patients •!• Whether or not any significant differences existed between the first and fourth year students' perceptions and espousal of positive interpersonal relationships. First and fourth year student nurses in the Eastern Cape Province were studied. More first, than fourth, year respondents contended that tutors, preceptors and professional nurses facilitated the development of student nurses' interpersonal relationships with colleagues, patients, friends and relatives of patients. On the espousal of positive interpersonal relationships vis-a-vis patients, friends and relatives of patients and amongst themselves as colleagues, both groups of respondents provided similar response profiles. A posteriori "t" comparisons revealed no statistically significant differences in the response profiles between the first and fourth year respondents in their espousal of positive interpersonal relationships with colleagues, patients, friends and relatives of patients. The major inference drawn from this was that the four-year comprehensive course should place greater emphasis on the development of interpersonal relationships of student nurses in the Republic of South Africa. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Science)

La question de l’observance non-médicamenteuse est primordiale dans la prise en chargedes maladies cardiovasculaires chroniques. Des programmes d’éducation thérapeutique dupatient (ETP) sont proposés aux patients afin de les aider à « mieux vivre avec leur maladie »(OMS, 1998). Leurs évaluations sont toutefois décevantes : ils touchent peu de patients etsont peu efficaces.Cette étude porte sur deux populations : des patients (N=19) et des médecins généralistes(N=14). Elle se base sur des entretiens menés auprès des uns et des autres ainsi que desobservations de consultation et de séquences de vie quotidienne. Nous en avons extrait uneanalyse qualitative approfondie ainsi que des éléments quantitatifs afin de mener à bien desanalyses factorielles. Le croisement de ces données permet dans un premier temps demettre en évidence la diversité des Arrière-plans (Searle, 1982, 1985) susceptiblesd’influencer la transformation des conduites des patients et d’en construire une typologie.Elle établit ensuite trois styles thérapeutiques, pratiqués par les médecins généralisteslorsqu’ils sont confrontés à ce type de patients.L’étude de la rencontre de cette diversité anthropologique avec ces différents styles montreque, malgré une configuration plus propice que celles des programmes hospitaliers, larencontre éducative entre médecine de proximité et patients cardiovasculaires ne se faitpas, ou ne se fait que sous certaines conditions bien fragiles. Son analyse sous l’angleanthropodidactique permet toutefois d’ébaucher de nouvelles formes d’ingénieriesdidactiques pour l’ETP et de donner de nouvelles pistes pour la formation des soignants. / Non-medication compliance is essential when taking care of chronic cardiovascular diseases.Therapeutic patient educational (TPE) programs are proposed to patients in order to helpthem to « have a better life with their disease » (WHO, 1998). However, those programs’evaluations are disappointing: they reach very few patients and are not as efficient asplanned.Drawing on semi-structured interviews with general practitioners (GPs, N=14) and patientsdealing with a cardiovascular chronic disease (N=19), and quantitative analysis of datarelated to a potential link between social factors and types of behaviour, this study firstemphasizes the diversity of Backgrounds (Searle, 1982, 1985) which may influence patients’life-style modifications. This work then defines four patient-types and three therapeuticstyles applied by GPs when confronted to those patients. Those styles vary according to GPsrepresentations and attitudes related to therapeutic education and cardiovascular diseases.This study shows that even though GPs are more likely to help with this transformation thanmandatory educational programs, the encounter between them and chronic patients doesnot happen, or only does in very specific and fragile conditions. Nevertheless, this anthropodidacticalapproach allows us to draft new forms of didactic engineering for TPE and to givenew tracks for healthcare professionals training.

Movement intervention in a Gestalt therapeutic setting using structured activities and free improvisation is a successful method in creating awareness of contact-making styles for late adolescents. An overview of the existing literature regarding the theoretical aspects of the interrelatedness of movement therapy, awareness, contact-making styles and the use of movement as a therapeutic intervention within a Gestalt context was presented. This included a description of the meta-theoretical assumptions that underpinned the research. A case-study consisting of eight late-adolescent females using the exploratory and descriptive nature within the qualitative research model was applied. All participants reported growth and awareness within themselves. The researcher concludes that movement intervention within a Gestalt therapeutic context can support an approach that adapts itself to the developmental phase of the individual and is a creative way of maintaining interest and focus. / Social Work / M. Diac. (Play Therapy)

Text in Afrikaans / In this study the researcher explored and described the use of Gestalt play therapy with specific focus on self-support with the child in middle childhood years. A literature study was undertaken to examine the concepts of child, Gestalt play therapy, self-support and the play therapy process. This literature study forms the theoretical frame in which this study was done. After the completion of the literature study, the empirical study was conducted. The researcher made use of unstructured interviews within a intrinsic single case study in order to compile research data. During the empirical study ten therapy sessions were conducted with the participant which was explored within the framework of qualitative research methodology. The researcher was able to use ample Gestalt play therapy concepts and principles during the description of the case study in order to explore self-support within the child during middle childhood. These concepts and principles will be discussed in depth within this study. / Social Work / M.Diac. (Spelterapie-rigting)

Registered nurses are exposed to the risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and contracting the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Qualitative phenomenological research was conducted to explore registered nurses' experiences of working in such a high-risk environment and how their experiences influence the therapeutic relationship. A sample of registered nurses who care for HIV-infected persons or persons who suffer from AIDS was purposefully selected. Focus group interviews were conducted. Qualitative data analysis was performed. Frankl's theory of meaning of life served as a theoretical foundation for interpreting the research findings. The research results revealed that registered nurses experience existential frustration due to the intentional and unintentional risks that they are exposed to. This negatively impacts upon their ability to maintain a healthy therapeutic relationship with patients. However, evidence was obtained indicating that some factors support their quest for finding meaning in life in the workplace. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

Text in Afrikaans / During the initial stages of Gestalt play therapy qualitative assessment is vital within the therapeutic relationship, to gain information about the child in order to strengthen this relationship, enhance awareness and for further interventions. Research confirmed the lack and problems with current assessment tools, within various helping professions, which were addressed in this study. The board game, as a Gestalt assessment tool, was compiled for the primary school child and focuses on the therapeutic relationship, sensory stimulation and the process of the child (Schoeman-3-aspect model). Information was gathered by a literature review, semi structured interviews with two professionals and by observing the application of the board game. Valuable information was gathered concerning the child and was strengthened by literature. Relevant conclusions and recommendations were made. This board game can be effectively used by play therapists in the initial stages of assessment with the primary school child, for relationship building, sensory stimulation and determining the child's process. / Social Work / M.Diac.

Text in Afrikaans / The research was directed at setting up guidelines for the counsellor dealing with the adolescent in a multicultural environment. The supposition of the study was that the adolescent in a multicultural environment should be treated by the counsellor with cultural empathy, understanding and insight. This process should be free from stereotyping and prejudice. Guidelines were set up using a combination of Gestalt philosophical principles, existing literature and semi-structured interviews with cultural therapy experts. For the purpose of this study Thomas and Rothman's intervention research model was applied. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain information on the adolescent in therapy, which was combined with information found in literature in order to set up guidelines for counsellors. The researcher concludes that the counsellor dealing with the adolescent in a multicultural environment, has to possess sufficient cultural knowledge, cultural efficiency and cultural empathy to achieve a successful theurapeutic outcome. Guidelines for the counsellor who works with adolescents in a multicultural environment were set up successfully to bridge the current lack of knowledge in the field. / Social Work / M. Diac (Play Therapy)