Approximately 52% of cancer patients require radiation therapy during the progression of their illness. Radiation therapy is a safe procedure; however, errors may occur and have the potential to harm patients. Recent studies have looked at patient engagement as a means of preventing errors in healthcare. Through interviews and focus groups, this study looks at patients’ and radiation therapists’ current perceptions of safety in radiation therapy and whether they feel that patient engagement in the form of a patient-provider collaborative checklist can improve its safety or the perception of safety. Through workflow observations and literature reviews, a patient-provider collaborative checklist was developed. Furthermore, STAI surveys were conducted to document the progression of patient anxiety through treatment. Feedback from radiation therapists demonstrated their opinions on the usability of the final iteration of the patient-provider collaborative checklist and how it could fit into the clinical setting.

Approximately 52% of cancer patients require radiation therapy during the progression of their illness. Radiation therapy is a safe procedure; however, errors may occur and have the potential to harm patients. Recent studies have looked at patient engagement as a means of preventing errors in healthcare. Through interviews and focus groups, this study looks at patients’ and radiation therapists’ current perceptions of safety in radiation therapy and whether they feel that patient engagement in the form of a patient-provider collaborative checklist can improve its safety or the perception of safety. Through workflow observations and literature reviews, a patient-provider collaborative checklist was developed. Furthermore, STAI surveys were conducted to document the progression of patient anxiety through treatment. Feedback from radiation therapists demonstrated their opinions on the usability of the final iteration of the patient-provider collaborative checklist and how it could fit into the clinical setting.

Background: Migration is a global phenomenon that characterize today’s globalized world. Although, the relationship between migration and health in the host countries is not always negative, many countries, including Sweden are concerned about possible spread of infectious diseases of public health significance such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB). Moreover, apart from disease profiles, migrants also have different socio-cultural backgrounds, which may challenge health care access and provision. Objectives: To investigate, identify, and delineate potential challenges of relevance in the care and prevention of communicable diseases of public health significance in general and particularly HIV/AIDS and TB among migrants from countries where these infections are endemic, and eventually generate knowledge that could inform policies and practice. Methods: Data for this thesis were collected in four of the five counties of the Northern region in Sweden. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used including a survey of 268 migrant students in two language schools (I & II); an interview study with 10 care providers caring for patients with migrant backgrounds and observations of care encounters (III) and an interview study with 15 care providers experienced in screening migrants (IV). Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used to summarize survey data whereas a thematic analysis approach was applied to the qualitative data within the interpretive description framework. Results: The students scored on average low on both HIV/AIDS and TB knowledge and displayed misconceptions and negative attitudes towards the two diseases and infected/sick persons. Knowledge level and attitude could be predicted by prior knowledge, years of previous education and geographic origin. In contrast, no association was found between being screened and the level of TB knowledge or attitude towards TB and infected/sick persons. However, fear of being deported appeared to be the main predictor of reluctance to seek HIV/AIDS care after controlling for socio-demographic factors, knowledge level, stigmatizing attitudes and fear of disclosure. Health care providers described complex and intertwined challenges that influenced both care delivery and receipt. The challenges described included language, the socio-cultural diversity within migrant groups and between migrants and the caregivers. These often resulted in divergent perceptions and expectations about care and caring. The participants highlighted the complexities of caring for diverse patients within different institutions with conflicting policies and frameworks. They also described the difficulties the migrants face in navigating the Swedish care system. Conclusions: This thesis illuminates complex challenges in the care of migrants. The findings emphasize the need for multilevel strategies in order to remove identified barriers. This requires accommodating diversity by improving care providers’ cultural competence and migrants’ health literacy. It further requires policies and practices that emphasize health services responsiveness in order to provide equal access and equitable care. Finally, it entails revisiting existing policies and legislative frameworks to promote a change in ways of thinking about and approaching migration, HIV/AIDS and TB issues, to address the specific vulnerabilities of mobile populations in a world on the move.

The aim of this study was to investigate how the role of a coach affects the private life. In orderto fulfill the purpose of this study we have used a qualitative method with seven conductedinterviews. The questions that where asked in the interviews were in the themes of norms, roleand role identity. The collected information from the interviews was transcribed and used in atable and was analyzed through a thematic analysis. This was conducted for the purpose that itwould answer the issues of the study. The results showed that different variables, for examplethe opinions on the private role, the role as a coach, norms, and each individuals relation to thenorms, could affect the private life of the coaches. These variables can together with the usingof different theories give a picture of the reasons why each individual is affected in the waythey are. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur idrottsledarrollen påverkar privatlivet. För att besvarasyftet använde vi oss av en kvalitativ metod som innefattade sju intervjuer. Frågorna sombesvarades under intervjun handlade om normer, roll och rollidentitet. Den insamladeinformationen transkriberades och användes sedan i ett tabellschema för att sammanställas medhjälp av en tematisk analys. Detta gjordes för att kunna svara på studiens frågeställningar.Resultatet visade att olika variabler, såsom synen på rollen och sig själv, men även synen pånormer och förhållandet till dessa, kan påverka hur individerna påverkas i deras privatliv iåtagandet som idrottsledare. Dessa variabler kan med hjälp av olika teorier ge en fingervisningtill vad det är i individen som gör att dem påverkas på det sätt som dem gör.

The aim of this study was to investigate how the role of a coach affects the private life. In order to fulfill the purpose of this study we have used a qualitative method with seven conducted interviews. The questions that where asked in the interviews were in the themes of norms, role and role identity. The collected information from the interviews was transcribed and used in a table and was analyzed through a thematic analysis. This was conducted for the purpose that it would answer the issues of the study. The results showed that different variables, for example the opinions on the private role, the role as a coach, norms, and each individuals relation to the norms, could affect the private life of the coaches. These variables can together with the using of different theories give a picture of the reasons why each individual is affected in the way they are. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur idrottsledarrollen påverkar privatlivet. För att besvara syftet använde vi oss av en kvalitativ metod som innefattade sju intervjuer. Frågorna som besvarades under intervjun handlade om normer, roll och rollidentitet. Den insamlade informationen transkriberades och användes sedan i ett tabellschema för att sammanställas med hjälp av en tematisk analys. Detta gjordes för att kunna svara på studiens frågeställningar. Resultatet visade att olika variabler, såsom synen på rollen och sig själv, men även synen på normer och förhållandet till dessa, kan påverka hur individerna påverkas i deras privatliv i åtagandet som idrottsledare. Dessa variabler kan med hjälp av olika teorier ge en fingervisning till vad det är i individen som gör att dem påverkas på det sätt som dem gör.

Utifrån ett interpersonellt psykologiskt perspektiv och self determination theory har föreliggande studie som syfte att undersöka hur sånglärare samtalar om relationer mellan lärare och elev i sångundervisning. I bakgrundskapitlet presenteras litteratur och forskning som belyser olika aspekter av relationer, relationskompetens och relationer i utbildning. Datamaterialet samlades in genom två fokusgruppsintervjuer där sånglärare diskuterade relationer. Den data som har genererats ur intervjuerna har bearbetats och analyserats med hjälp av ett tematiskt analyssätt. Resultatet visar att lärarna anser att relationer är viktiga för att eleven skall känna sig trygg och att det krävs en välfungerande relation för att kunna ställa krav i undervisningen. Resultatet visar också att lärarna anser att relationer kan vara svårt när de inte förstår eleven eller när eleven inte mår bra. Vidare visar resultatet att lärarna försöker hitta en bra balans i relationen till sina elever genom att ställa frågor för att visa genuint intresse. Sammanfattningsvis har lärarna svårt att definiera och beskriva vad det är som gör relationer välfungerande eller inte. I diskussionen lyfts två sammanfattade teman fram vilka är relationers betydelse och förutsättningar för relationer. / Through the lens of interpersonal psychological theory and self determination theory, this study explores how vocal teachers converse about relationships between teacher and students. The background chapter presents literature and previous research that describes different aspects of relationships, relationship competence and relationships in education. The data generated from the interviews has been collected through two focus group interviews where vocal teachers discuss relationships. The generated data was processed and analysed applying thematic analysis. The result shows that the teachers consider that relationships are important for the student to feel confident and that well-functioning relationships are needed to be able to make demands for teaching. Furthermore, the result reveals that teachers consider relations to be difficult when they experience that they don’t understand each other or when the student doesn’t feel well. Finally, the result shows that the teachers try to find a balance in the relationships to their students by asking questions to show genuine interest. In summary, the teachers find it difficult to describe and define what makes relationships effective, or lack thereof. In the discussion two concluding themes are highlighted, meaning of relationships and conditions for relationships.

With the advent of knowledge-intensive economies, plus the ever-accelerating development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), organisational knowledge has become the key driver of an organisation's value and ultimately, an important source of an organisation's sustainable competitive edge. Thus, numerous organisations have started to invest heavily in establishing knowledge management systems (KMSs). Subsequently, they wish to access knowledge from individuals in order to enhance their acquisition of knowledge and ultimately transform this into organisational knowledge. Even though existing research studies have evidenced extensively the intrinsic and extrinsic motivators of individuals' knowledge-sharing behaviour in organisations from diverse perspectives (e.g. organisational behaviour, sociology and psychology), individuals still seem inclined to hoard their knowledge, rather than share it with others in organisations. To this end, this research aims to investigate and identify essential elements related to individuals' knowledge-sharing behaviour within the complex context of the virtual organisation of Taiwanese Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs), comprising the whole system of Taiwanese Farmers' Associations, by integrating multilevel perspectives of individuals in organisations (the micro-level), workplace networks in organisations (the meso-level) and organisational culture (the macro-level).

International students are becoming a more and more attractive group for tourism agencies, and for those responsible for regional development, some study is warranted to explore how one may effectively recognize their preferences, wants, needs, and constraints to draw their attention towards the destination or to experience tourism firm’s offerings specially in this research about their perception about risk, safety and security during their travelling. Perception of risk, safety and security of a tourist destination may create a broader platform of preferences, and associated constraints. Perceived risk is defined as a consumer’s perception of the overall negativity of a course of action based upon an assessment of the possible negative outcomes and the likelihood that those outcomes will occur. Tourism, exclusively international tourism, is highly delicate to safety and security issues. It is one of the enterprise most exposed to changes in the world stage that may produce alteration in tourist behavior. A clearer perceptive of the traveler’s decision-making process and the role of intervening variables are compulsory, notably respecting travel inhibitors, such as risk perception, to assist develop enhanced destination development or recovery strategies. Constructing conditions for tourists to feel safe before and during the trip may be demanding to the success of a destination competing internationally. The current study attempts to fill a gap by exploring risk perceptions of individual international students who engaged in tourism and try to explore the concerned safety measure among them. The findings revealed that the most common risk perception and endeavors were transportation, fraudulent behavior of locals towards tourists, losing valuables, health issues and sexual harassment. However, the international students with experience with travelling themselves gave the safety and security precautions needed to minimize these risks. The safety and security features involve avoiding informal sectors, taking care of personal belongings, being always cautious about the situation happening around, educating themselves about the destination they are visiting, proper health care and proper authority to report any mishaps. After this research it could be understood that international student tourist is concerned about their safety and they would improve the situation of risk they perceive if given the chance to.

The aim of this study is to analyse the thematic purpose of death in J.M. Barries play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn’t Grow Up. Peter Pan, the Darlings and Neverland each get analysed in separate chapters, to get a fuller understanding of their relation to death. This has been done through the use of copingtheory, and comparisons to earlier myths about catabasis, Pan, and British changelings. Further support has been found through earlier works written about the subject, to deepen the understanding of death’s part in this play for children. The essay concludes that the children in the play are deathly ill – and thus Neverland and Peter Pan are representations of the afterlife, and a spirit which guides children on from this life in to the next.

Internetbaserad kognitiv beteendeterapi (IKBT) för olika former av psykisk ohälsa har presenterats som ett alternativ till traditionell samtalsbehandling baserat på forskning från det senaste decenniet. Trots klinisk relevans och flera fördelar för patienter och behandlare går implementeringen långsamt i flera europeiska länder. Syftet med den föreliggande studien var att undersöka behandlares erfarenheter av att implementera IKBT i sina verksamheter. Intervjuer genomfördes med åtta behandlare hos en svensk offentlig vårdgivare, varefter en tematisk analys gjordes. Fyra huvudteman arbetades fram: En ny metod, En ny roll, Premisser och Lärande. Behandlarna har en övergripande samstämmighet och förståelse kring IKBT och dess användning, vilket är en viktig aspekt av implementeringen. Behandlarna beskriver dock också att kollegor som inte arbetar med behandling, men har en roll i implementeringen, ibland har bristande kunskap och negativa fördomar som förhindrar arbetet. Vidare berättar behandlarna att organiserat samarbete mellan aktiva behandlare bortprioriteras i den kliniska vardagen. Resultaten från analysen diskuteras med utgångspunkt i Normalization Process Theory. Vidare forskning kan utforska upplevelsen hos IKBT-utbildade behandlare som inte börjat arbeta med IKBT och hos icke-behandlande kollegor på arbetsplatser där metoden implementeras. / Internet-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (ICBT) for different kinds of mental health issues has been presented as an alternative to traditional face-to-face treatment based on research from the last decade. Despite clinical relevance and several advantages for both patients and therapists the implementation of the method is progressing slowly in many European countries. The purpose of this study was to examine therapists’ experiences of implementing ICBT in their everyday work. Interviews were conducted with eight therapists in a Swedish public health care setting, after which a thematic analysis was made. Four main themes were defined: A new method, A new role, Premises and Learning. The therapists have an overarching mutual comprehension of ICBT and its use, which is an important aspect of the implementation. The therapists explained that colleagues that don't work with ICBT, but still have a role in the implementation, sometimes lack knowledge and have negative preconceptions which obstruct the work. Furthermore, therapists talked about organized collaboration between active therapists not being prioritized in the everyday clinical work. Results from the analysis are discussed by applying Normalization Process Theory to the findings. Further research could examine the experiences of ICBT-trained therapists who have not yet started working with ICBT and of colleagues who do not work with treatment in workplaces where ICBT is being implemented.